八年級英語下冊 Unit 2 專題復習

1、Unit 2 專題復習專題復習一、動詞不定式一、動詞不定式【觀察領悟觀察領悟】仔細觀察例句仔細觀察例句, 體會動詞不定式在句中所作的句子成分。體會動詞不定式在句中所作的句子成分。1. Id like to help homeless people. ()2. The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up. ()3. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job. ()4. Its very important to keep heal

2、thy. ()5. Her job is to look after the children. ()答案答案: 1. 賓語賓語2. 狀語狀語3. 賓語補足語賓語補足語4. 主語主語5. 表語表語重點語法指南重點語法指南【探究總結探究總結】 1. 構成。構成。 動詞不定式的基本形式是動詞不定式的基本形式是“to+動詞原形動詞原形”, 有時可以不有時可以不帶帶to。 2. 特征。特征。 (1)動詞不定式動詞不定式(或不定式短語或不定式短語)沒有人稱和數的變化沒有人稱和數的變化, 在句在句子中不能作謂語。子中不能作謂語。 (2)動詞不定式仍保留動詞的特點動詞不定式仍保留動詞的特點, 即可以有自己的

3、賓語即可以有自己的賓語和狀語。動詞不定式同它的賓語或狀語構成不定式短語。和狀語。動詞不定式同它的賓語或狀語構成不定式短語。 3. 句法作用。句法作用。 動詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征動詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征, 在句中可以在句中可以作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補足語、定語和狀語。作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補足語、定語和狀語。 4. 否定形式。否定形式。 由由“not +動詞不定式動詞不定式”構成。構成。 5. 和疑問詞連用。和疑問詞連用。 動詞不定式可以和動詞不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when等疑問等疑問詞連用詞連用, 構成不定式短語。構成不定

4、式短語。 6. 省略省略to。 有些動詞后用作賓語補足語的不定式通常不帶有些動詞后用作賓語補足語的不定式通常不帶to。這種。這種動詞有兩類動詞有兩類: 一類是感官動詞一類是感官動詞, 如如see, hear, watch, feel, notice等等; 另一類是某些使役動詞另一類是某些使役動詞, 如如let, make, have等。等。 7. 注意事項。注意事項。 (1)動詞不定式動詞不定式(或短語或短語)作主語或賓語時常用作主語或賓語時常用it作形式主語作形式主語或形式賓語或形式賓語, 而動詞不定式而動詞不定式(或短語或短語)放置于后面。放置于后面。 (2)不定式作定語時不定式作定語時,

5、 若動詞為不及物動詞若動詞為不及物動詞, 則須有相應的則須有相應的_。例如。例如: He has no chair to sit on. 他沒有椅子坐。他沒有椅子坐。介詞介詞 (3)將主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時將主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時, 作賓語補足語的動詞不作賓語補足語的動詞不定式變?yōu)橹髡Z補足語定式變?yōu)橹髡Z補足語, 動詞不定式則不省動詞不定式則不省“to”。例如。例如: Sometimes the boss made him work ten hours a day. (Sometimes he was made to work ten hours a day by his boss. )有時老板

6、讓他一天工作十個小時。有時老板讓他一天工作十個小時?！緦崙?zhàn)演練實戰(zhàn)演練】. 用所給動詞的適當形式填空用所給動詞的適當形式填空1. Its important for us(have) a healthy lifestyle. 2. My wish is(become) a reporter. 3. Dont forget(lock) the door when you leave. 4. Would you like(go) and have a picnic with us tomorrow? 5. I often hear the girl(play) the piano in the n

7、ext room. 答案答案: 1. to have2. to become3. to lock4. to go5. play. 單項選擇單項選擇1. It is time for usthe meeting. A. had B. to have C. having D. have2. Please tell himin the river alone. Its dangerous. A. to swim B. swimmingC. not to swim D. to not swim 3. She came hereher grandparents. A. visit B. to visit

8、 C. visiting D. visited4. I need a piece of paper. A. to write B. to write itC. write on D. to write on5. I dont knowthe CD player. Could you help me? Of course. A. how use B. to use howC. how to use D. what to use二、短語動詞二、短語動詞【觀察領悟觀察領悟】仔細觀察例句仔細觀察例句, 體會并翻譯句中短語動詞。體會并翻譯句中短語動詞。1. I take after my mother.

9、 ()2. Ill help to clean up the city parks. ()3. We cant put off making a plan. ()4. He looks sad. Lets cheer him up. ()5. We need to come up with some ideas. ()6. Jimmy has run out of money. ()答案答案: 1. 與與相像相像2. (把把)打掃干凈打掃干凈; (把把)收拾整收拾整齊齊3. 推遲推遲; 拖延拖延4. 使振奮使振奮; 使變得更高興使變得更高興5. 想出想出; 提出提出6. 用完用完; 用盡用盡;

10、 耗盡耗盡【探究總結探究總結】 1. 短語動詞的概念。短語動詞的概念。 英語中有些動詞和其他詞類一起連用英語中有些動詞和其他詞類一起連用, 構成一個固定詞組構成一個固定詞組, 可看成一個整體可看成一個整體, 相當于一個單獨的動詞相當于一個單獨的動詞, 這種組合被稱為短這種組合被稱為短語動詞。語動詞。 2. 五類短語動詞的用法。五類短語動詞的用法。 (1)“_”(相當于及物動詞相當于及物動詞) 常見的有常見的有: look at(看看); look for(尋找尋找); look after(照照顧顧); wait for(等待等待); depend on(依靠依靠); listen to(聽聽

11、); take after(與與相像相像); ask for(請求請求; 詢問詢問); agree with(同意同意)等。等。這種類型的短語后接賓語這種類型的短語后接賓語, 且賓語無論是何種形式且賓語無論是何種形式, 一律放在一律放在介詞后面。介詞后面。動詞動詞+介詞介詞 (2)“_” 常見的相當于及物動詞的這類短語有常見的相當于及物動詞的這類短語有: put up(張貼張貼); call up(打電話打電話); set up(建立建立); fix up(修理修理); clean up(打掃打掃; 清清潔潔); put on(穿上穿上); turn on(打開打開); turn off(關掉

12、關掉); put off(推遲推遲; 拖延拖延); give out(分發(fā)分發(fā); 發(fā)放發(fā)放); give away(捐贈捐贈)等。這類短語后等。這類短語后跟賓語。賓語若為名詞跟賓語。賓語若為名詞, 則名詞常放于短語后面則名詞常放于短語后面, 也可放在動也可放在動詞與副詞中間詞與副詞中間; 若賓語為代詞若賓語為代詞, 則只能放在動詞與副詞中間。則只能放在動詞與副詞中間。動詞動詞+副詞副詞 常見的相當于不及物動詞的這類短語有常見的相當于不及物動詞的這類短語有: get up(起床起床); look out(當心當心, 小心小心); run away(逃跑逃跑); hold on(稍等稍等; 別掛斷

13、別掛斷); get down(下來下來)等。這類短語后不跟賓語。等。這類短語后不跟賓語。 (3)“_”(相當于及物動詞相當于及物動詞) 常見的這類短語動詞有常見的這類短語動詞有: look forward to(盼望盼望); catch up with(趕上趕上); come up to(走近走近); go on with(繼續(xù)繼續(xù)); run out of(用用光光; 耗盡耗盡); look down upon(瞧不起瞧不起)等。這類短語后跟賓語等。這類短語后跟賓語, 且且賓語必須放在介詞后。賓語必須放在介詞后。動詞動詞+副詞副詞+介詞介詞 (4)“_”(相當于及物動詞相當于及物動詞) 常見

14、的這類短語有常見的這類短語有: take care of(照顧照顧); pay attention to(注意注意); take part in(參加參加); make use of(利用利用); take notice of(注意注意)等。這類短語后跟賓語等。這類短語后跟賓語, 賓語放在介詞后。賓語放在介詞后。動詞動詞+名詞名詞+介詞介詞 (5)“_” 常見的這類短語有常見的這類短語有: be similar to(與與相像相像); be strict in/with(在在方面嚴格方面嚴格/對對嚴格嚴格); be familiar with(熟悉熟悉); be different from(

15、與與不同不同); be full of(裝滿裝滿)等。這類短語等。這類短語要跟賓語要跟賓語, 賓語放在介詞后。賓語放在介詞后。系動詞系動詞+形容詞形容詞+介詞介詞【實戰(zhàn)演練實戰(zhàn)演練】1. Would you like to go hiking with us this weekend? Id love to, but I have tomy grandmother in the hospital. A. look at B. look forC. look after D. take after2.Its time for CCTV news. Could you please _the TV

16、? Sure. Ill do it right away. A. turn on B. turn offC. turn up D. turn down3. If you dont know the meaning of the word, you can_in the dictionary. A. look up them B. look them upC. look up it D. look it up4. Attention, please! The plane willin a minute. Every passenger, please fasten your safety bel

17、t. A. take up B. take offC. take over D. take down5. I am sure those scientists willa way to cure the disease. A. put up B. set upC. come up with D. come up 本單元以本單元以“志愿活動志愿活動”為話題為話題, 圍繞這一話題談論如何圍繞這一話題談論如何“提供幫助提供幫助”。而最能全面體現本單元話題及語言運用能力。而最能全面體現本單元話題及語言運用能力的話題作文就是關于的話題作文就是關于“提供幫助或談論參加志愿活動提供幫助或談論參加志愿活動”等

18、內等內容的寫作。這也是單元測試和中考?？嫉脑掝}作文之一。容的寫作。這也是單元測試和中考?？嫉脑掝}作文之一。單元話題作文指導單元話題作文指導【習作在線習作在線】 愛是心中的太陽愛是心中的太陽, 融化你我身邊的冰雪。假設你是李明融化你我身邊的冰雪。假設你是李明, 你們學校的你們學校的“English Garden”正在舉辦主題為正在舉辦主題為“付出即收獲付出即收獲”的征文活動的征文活動, 請你聯系自己平時的愛心行為和感受寫一篇文章請你聯系自己平時的愛心行為和感受寫一篇文章投稿。投稿。 要求要求: 1. 文中不得出現真實人名和校名等相關信息。文中不得出現真實人名和校名等相關信息。 2. 80100個

19、詞個詞, 標題和文章開頭已給出標題和文章開頭已給出, 不計入總不計入總詞數。詞數。 參考詞匯參考詞匯: help, clean up, an old peoples home, make. . . happyGiving Is ReceivingI am a student from Green Middle School. _【思路點撥思路點撥】(1)體裁體裁: _。(2)人稱人稱: _。(3)時態(tài)時態(tài): _。說明文說明文第一人稱第一人稱一般現在時一般現在時【佳作鑒賞佳作鑒賞】Giving Is ReceivingI am a student from Green Middle School

20、. My name is Li Ming. I like helping others because I think it makes me happy. I often help my classmates with their schoolwork. Sometimes I help to clean up city parks. I go to the old peoples home and do some cleaning for them once a month. So Im pretty popular there. I often visit the Childrens H

21、ospital to cheer the sick kids up. I read stories and singsongs for them. Im good with children. I also give money to charities to help people in trouble. I think giving is receiving. Helping others is helping ourselves. Do you agree with me? . 詞匯速記詞匯速記1. 孤獨的孤獨的; 寂寞的寂寞的(adj. ) 2. 生病的生病的; 有病的有病的(adj.

22、 ) 3. 募集募集; 征集征集(v. ) 4. 獨自獨自; 單獨單獨(adv. ) 5. 想象想象; 設想設想(v. ) 答案答案: 1. lonely2. sick3. raise4. alone5. imagine單元達標闖關單元達標闖關6. 拿拿; 提提; 扛扛(v. ) _7. feel (v. ) _(n. )感覺感覺; 感觸感觸8. satisfy (v. ) _(n. )滿足滿足; 滿意滿意9. difficult (adj. ) _(n. )困難困難; 難題難題10. kind (adj. ) _(n. )仁慈仁慈; 善良善良答案答案: 6. carry7. feeling8

23、. satisfaction9. difficulty10. kindness. 短語互譯短語互譯1. 打掃打掃(或清除或清除)干凈干凈 up2. 分發(fā)分發(fā); 散發(fā)散發(fā) give 3. 曾經曾經; 過去過去 to4. 贈送贈送; 捐贈捐贈 give 5. (在外貌、性格等方面在外貌、性格等方面) take 與與(父母等父母等)相像相像答案答案: 1. clean2. out3. used4. away5. after6. come up with 7. make a difference 8. help (sb. )out 答案答案: 6. 想出想出 7. 影響影響; 有作用有作用8. 幫助幫

24、助(某人某人)解決困難解決困難. 句型攻關句型攻關1. 我想幫助孩子們。我想幫助孩子們。Id help kids. 你可以看望醫(yī)院里生病的孩子使他們高興起來。你可以看望醫(yī)院里生病的孩子使他們高興起來。You the sick kids in the hospital and . 答案答案: like to; could visit; cheer them up2. 他們決定設立救助中心來幫助那些無家可歸的人。他們決定設立救助中心來幫助那些無家可歸的人。They decided_ _ _Help Center to help the homeless people. 3. 她計劃在一個課外輔導中

25、心義務教孩子們閱讀。她計劃在一個課外輔導中心義務教孩子們閱讀。She plans _ _ at an after-school center to teach kids _ _. 答案答案: 2. to set up3. to volunteer; to read4. 我們可以制作一些告示并張貼來告訴人們這次慈善義演活我們可以制作一些告示并張貼來告訴人們這次慈善義演活動。動。We could make some notices and_ _ _to tell people about the charity show. 答案答案: put them up. 詞匯串記詞匯串記 After a h

26、eavy earthquake happened in Sichuan, many people hurt badly. All the1(志愿者志愿者)wanted to help them out and2(使他們振奮起來使他們振奮起來). So they3(建立建立)many groups. What they did worked out fine. I joined one of the groups. First I got4(訓練訓練)in the group for5(幾個幾個)days. Then I helped6(分發(fā)分發(fā))food to the homeless peo

27、ple. Sometimes we7(募集募集)money for the people in the earthquake area. One day, while we were working at the help center, a dog came in with a basket in his mouth. We found a piece of paper in it and there were some words on it “Dear children, Im a disabled man who cant see anything. Every day I get h

28、elp from the kind people. I deeply thank you for your8(仁慈仁慈). I want9(想出想出)a way to help others. Now I let my dog10(拿拿)the food to you. So you can give the food to the people who are still in hunger. ”答案答案: 1. volunteers2. cheer them up3. set up4. training5. several6. (to) give out7. raised8. kindne

29、ss9. to come up with10. carry體驗中考體驗中考1. (2013蘇州中考蘇州中考)Paul made a nice cagethe little sick bird till it could fly. A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep【解析解析】選選D?？疾閯釉~不定式的用法。句意。考查動詞不定式的用法。句意: 保羅做了一個保羅做了一個漂亮的籠子來飼養(yǎng)那只生病的鳥漂亮的籠子來飼養(yǎng)那只生病的鳥, 直到它會飛。用動詞不定式直到它會飛。用動詞不定式作目的狀語作目的狀語, 表示目的。故選表示目的。故選D。2. (2013濟南中考濟南中考)It was time for class. Mr. King asked all the children _down qui