高中英語非謂語動(dòng)詞之todo

1、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：1.理解與識(shí)記語法概念，通過多種形式的練習(xí)來強(qiáng)化該項(xiàng)語法的實(shí)際運(yùn)用。 2.識(shí)記部分必修一單詞。學(xué)習(xí)重難點(diǎn)：如何準(zhǔn)確地理解和掌握動(dòng)詞不定式的句法功能。學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)：自主學(xué)習(xí)，小組合作、探究一、課前探學(xué)：（一）動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。請同學(xué)們完成下列表格。語態(tài) 時(shí)態(tài)及物動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般式：與謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之后。to doto be done進(jìn)行式：與謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。×完成式：動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前。完成進(jìn)行式：表示動(dòng)作從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，沒有間斷。×根據(jù)上面的表格，你能給下列句子對號(hào)入座

2、嗎？(1) You seem to know this. I hope to see you again.(2) Im sorry to have given you so much trouble.(3) He is known to have been working on the problem in the past few years.(4) He seems to be eating something.（二）動(dòng)詞不定式的句法功能：試著寫出下列句子中的不定式所作的句子成分（主語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語、原因狀語、目的狀語、結(jié)果狀語）。1. To see you is glad

3、. 2. I want to see you. 3. I want him to see you. 4. My hope is to see you. 5. He is the man to see you. 6. I am glad to see you. 7. I went to see you.8. He went so early as to see you.二、課中研學(xué)：（一）動(dòng)詞不定式的句法功能1. 作主語：句子的謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)，其位置有以下兩種：（1）不定式置于句首。To get there by bike will take us half an hour.（2）用it作形式

4、主語時(shí)，把真正的主語不定式置于句后。It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.It is stupid of you to deal with it this way.2. 作表語：不定式可在be動(dòng)詞或其他連系動(dòng)詞后作表語，當(dāng)主語部分出現(xiàn)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do或do的其他形式如to do,did等時(shí)，作表語的不定式常不帶to。 The only thing to do is call her.3. 作賓語：(1) I happen to know the answer to your

5、question.(2) 不定式作think, feel, find, believe等動(dòng)詞的賓語時(shí)，一般用it作形式賓語，不定式置于補(bǔ)語之后。如：I find it difficult to learn physics well.4. 作補(bǔ)語：The doctor advised me to take more exercise. We consider Tom to be one of the best students. （“動(dòng)詞+to be+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)） The book is believed to be uninteresting. （“動(dòng)詞+to be+形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)）5. 作定語

6、：置于被修飾的名詞或代詞之后，與被修飾詞之間主要表示以下兩種關(guān)系： （1）主謂關(guān)系。The next train to arrive is from Harbin.(2)動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。Would you please give me some paper to write on?你能給我一些寫東西的紙嗎？6. 作狀語：（1）作目的狀語。可用to, in order to, so as to, so/suchas to引導(dǎo)。 I come here only to say goodbye to you. (2) 作結(jié)果狀語。表示事先沒有預(yù)料到的事，一般放在句子后面。 He searched the

7、room only to find nothing. (3) 作原因狀語。I am sorry to be late for the meeting.（二）不定式省略to的情況 口訣：賓補(bǔ)省“to”11個(gè)，五看二聽一感覺，三個(gè)使役緊跟著，一個(gè)幫助兩均可，如若主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)，該“to”一定要帶著。(notice observe see watch look at / hear listen to / feel / have let make / help / + sb do sth) I heard her sing an English song last night. She was heard

8、 to sing an English song last night.（三）to作為不定式符號(hào)和作為介詞的辨別(1) get/be used to doing sth 習(xí)慣于 used to do sth過去常常 (2) look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事 stick to doing sth 堅(jiān)持做某事 get down to doing sth開始做某事達(dá)標(biāo)訓(xùn)練：1. Not only should you get used_under difficult conditions but also pay more attention_your work wel

9、l. A.to work; to do B.to working; to doing C.to work; to doing D.to working; to do2. _Excuse me, sir. Where is Room 301? _Just a minute. I will have Bob_you to your room.A. show B.shows C. to show D.showing3. Simon made a big bamboo box_the little sick bird till it could fly.A. keep B. kept C. keepi

10、ng D. to keep4. The ability_an idea ia as important as the idea itself.A. expressing B.expressed C.to express D. to be expressed5. Harrison Ford is thought to be one of the few movie stars_as a carpenter before.A. to work B. to be working C.to have worked D. to have been working6. It is important fo

11、r the figures_regularly.A.to be updated B.to have been updated C.to update D.to have updated7. He hurried to the booking office, only_that all the tickets had been sold out.A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.told能力提升：用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Henry cant attend the party_at Toms house at present because he is preparing the speech at the party_at Maries house tomorrow. (hold)2. I am examing the article he has just finished_the possible mistakes in it.(correct)3. The teacher asked more_to prevent the