高二英語archaeology教案4

1、Unit 20 Archaeology 教案教學(xué)內(nèi)容：一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)學(xué)習(xí)并掌握本單元重點詞匯與短語；并通過單元閱讀認識古文物對研究古文化的重要性，進一步增強保護文物的意識；在語言知識方面，復(fù)習(xí) it 的用法；在語言運用能力方面，運用本單元知識，提高寫作能力。二、語言點講解1.and what did their homes look like?他們的家看起來像什么樣？look like: 其中 like 是介詞(1)像，看來像是 eg:She looks so much like her mother.她看起來很像她的母親。(2)好像要 eg:Look at that dark cloud. I

2、t looks like rain.看看那烏云，好像要下雨了。2.what objects havewefound from their age?從他們那個時代，我們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么物品？age(1)C本處 age 指的是“時代”（times） eg:the Middle Ages（比較：middle age 中年）中世紀the Stone(Bronze, Iron)Ages 石器（青銅器，鐵器）時代(2)C（用 an age, ages）意為“長時間”(very long time) eg:Its been ages sincewemet.我們好久好久不見面了。(3)U年齡，年紀（length

3、 of time a person has lived or a thing has existed）eg: Shelooks younger than her age.她看起來比實際年齡小。注：相關(guān)短語：at theage of 20 在 20 歲的時候；for ones age 論年齡 eg:He looks young for his age.他看起來比實際年齡小。(4)vt. & vi.（人）衰老，變老；（物）成熟 eg:Illness aged her so quickly.疾病使她衰老得很快。3. curiosity kju rI s tIn.(1)U being curi

4、ous 好奇心，求知欲 eg:His curiosity made him succeed.他的好奇心，使他成功了。Tom stared at mein curiosity.湯姆好奇地盯著我。詞組：in/with curiosity 好奇地；out of curiosity 出于好奇(2)C curious thing; strangeor rareobject 珍奇的東西（事物）；珍品 eg:She was interested in curiosities.她對珍品感興趣。a curiosity shop 古玩店注：curiosity 的形容詞形式是 curious，相關(guān)詞組：be cur

5、ious about對感到好奇 becurious to do 極想 eg:Children arecurious about everything around them.孩子們對周圍的每件事都感到好奇。Im curious to know what hesaid.我極想知道他說了些什么。4. unearth n vt. discover sth. or bring sth. to light 發(fā)掘；發(fā)現(xiàn)，揭露eg: The dog has unearthed somebones.那只狗掘出了幾根骨頭。Thearchaeologist unearthed a buried treasurel

6、ast year.去年，那位考古學(xué)家發(fā)掘了埋在地下的一個寶藏。注：un-前綴（1）置于形容詞，副詞，名詞之前，構(gòu)成“不”，“無”，“非”等意之詞。 eg:unhappy 不快樂的 unfortunately 不幸地 unemployment 失業(yè)（2）置于動詞之前，構(gòu)成相反動作之詞。 eg:fold（折疊）unfold（展開）dress（給某人穿衣服）undress（給某人脫衣）5. decoration dek reI nn. being decorated; sth. used for decorating 裝飾（修）；裝飾品 eg:the decoration of a room 房間的

7、裝飾We put Christmas decorations on the tree.我們將圣誕節(jié)裝飾品掛在樹上。注：其動詞形式是 decoratedek reItvt. 裝飾詞組：decoratesth. with sth. eg:She decorated her room with flowers.她用鮮花裝飾她的房間。三、課前準備針對性練習(xí)（30 分，25 分鐘）（一）單項選擇（每小題 1 分，共 10 分）1. Mary is anxious _ her mothers health.A. for B. to C. in D. about2. Thestreets were_ fla

8、gs.A. decorated with B. decorated onC. decorated in D. decorated by3.You dislike theway she worked,_?A. dont you B. do you C. didnt sheD. did she4. In fact,_ English have_ wonderfulsenseof humour.A. the; / B. the; theC. /; a D. the; a5.Do you think your son should go to college?Yes, of course._ ,hes

9、hould also go abroad for higher education.A. Whats moreB. In other words C. By the way D.After all6.Did the policeman let you in?No,_ I told him who I was.A. if B. onceC. as though D. even if7._ ,hedoes get angry with her sometimes.A. As he likes her much B. Though much he likes herC. Much as helike

10、s her D. Much even if he likes her8.Weweretalking about the new play _ day, remember?Yes, I enjoyed it very much.A. the other B. another C. someD. other9.You have not yet answered my question _ I can join in theparty tonight.A. whether B. if C. which D. that10. He made amistake, but then he correcte

11、d thesituation _ it got worse.（2003，北京，1 分）A. until B. when C. beforeD. as（二）單句改錯（每小題 1 分，共 10 分）1. Thats all what shewants to say. _2. Thesehouses aresold at such alow pricethat people expected. _3. I wouldnt stay in a hotel whererefused to accept children. _4. Look! It looks like to rain. _5. My d

12、aughter is always curious for theuniverse. _6. Thewhole class areall decorating the classroom in pictures. _7. This is the very reason what weall know. _8. If he will comedoesnt matter. _9. Lets do it for them, wont you?_10. Hes got anice present, but he doesnt know to do with it. _（三）閱讀理解（每小題 2 分，共

13、 10 分）The Romans built great aqueducts to carry fresh water from the mountains to the cities. Manyof these aqueducts are still standing today. The Romans also built great pipes under the groundto carry away thesewage（污水）. In Rome, one of thesesewage pipes is still used today; it is2000 years old. Th

14、e Roman Emperors even set up a government health service. They built thefirst great public hospitals in Europe, and they paid doctors to look after poor people.Then the Roman Empire fell to pieces, these_civilized_methods_of_treatment disappearedfrom most of Europe, for more than a thousand years. P

15、eople_went_back_to_the_old_ways.They lived in dirty conditions which helped to cause disease; and they asked God to cure thedisease. They shut up mentally sick people in prisons. Or they burnt them alive because theyweresupposed to have magic powers.But the work of the Greek and Roman doctors was no

16、t lost. Over a thousand years ago, theArabs moved into many of theMediterranean （地中海） countries. They took big parts of the oldRoman lands. They translated the Greek and Roman medical books into Arabic. Arab doctorsthemselves made many new discoveries.When civilization at last came back to Europe, m

17、en once again translated the Greek and Romanworks on medicine into Latin. Slowlyvery slowlyEuropean doctors discovered again thethings that the Greeks and Romans had known so long ago. Slowly, they began to make newdiscoveries. They found out more about theway the body workstheway these muscles move

18、our bodies.1. Theword“aqueduct”in the first paragraph probably means _ .A. something built to carry away thesewageB. something invented by a Roman EmperorC. a big pipe under the groundD. something built to supply clean water for the citizens2. In this article,“civilized methods of treatment”refer to

19、 _ .A. advanced forms of health caseB. the way they burnt the bodies of the deadC. the way they shut up bodies of the deadD. what was called magic powers3. Which of the following is NOT what thewriter means by saying“people went back to the oldways?”A. People lived in dirty conditions again.B. Peopl

20、e asked God for help when they wereill.C. People did not treat mentally sick people properly.D. People built hospitals for themselves.4. From this passagewevelearned that theArabs _ .A. made morediscoveries than the RomansB. helped to keep theRoman medical worksC. discovered moreabout the way thehum

21、an body worksD. took up big parts of the old Roman lands 2000 years ago5.A suitable title for this passagecould be_ .A. Thedevotion madeby the Romans and Arabs to the development of public healthB. how theArabs seized the Roman Empire by forceC. the rise and fall of theRoman EmpireD. how Arabian doc

22、tors helped to translatethe medical books【聽力導(dǎo)讀】一、語言點講解1. make a drawing of sth. : make apicture of sth.繪的圖 eg:I made a drawing of somefruit.我畫了一幅水果素描。2. What else could the object be used for?你認為這個物體還有什么別的用途嗎？use 使用，利用 eg:What do you usethis tool for?這個工具用途何在？It is used for cutting wire.它用于切割金屬。相關(guān)詞組

23、：useup 用完，耗盡 comeinto use 開始使用in use 使用之中，使用著 makeuse of 利用，使用It is no use doing 做某事是沒有用的 used to do 過去常常做某事be used to do 被用于做 be used to doing 習(xí)慣于二、如何聽的建議講究方法，提高短時記憶能力人的記憶方式分為短時記憶和長時記憶兩種。短時記憶對英語聽力測試尤為重要，因為只有記住剛聽完的內(nèi)容，才有可能對所聽內(nèi)容進行加工處理，最后確定答案。然而，人的短時記憶的時間和容量是有限的，要提高短時記憶力，需要進行記憶力的訓(xùn)練，掌握一些記憶方法。在平時的聽力練習(xí)中，我

24、們可嘗試以下幾種方法：1.重點記憶法：認真、快速地讀題，從而確定記憶的重點，增強有意識的記憶。2.復(fù)述記憶法：在平時的聽力訓(xùn)練中，聽完一篇對話或獨白后，立即用自己的語言復(fù)述其中的主要內(nèi)容。開始時不要因回憶不出很多的內(nèi)容而泄氣。能記住主要內(nèi)容，就算成功。經(jīng)過多次這樣的訓(xùn)練，短時記憶的能力會有明顯的提高。3.情景記憶法：如果孤立地去記所聽到的人名、地名、數(shù)字等，是難以記住的。但如果把他們放到特定的場合中去，與情景聯(lián)系起來，弄清文章中的時間（when）、地點（where）、人物（who）和情節(jié)（why, what, how）四大要素，往往就比較容易了。此外還有用簡單符號和簡圖記錄所聽內(nèi)容的方法?！究?/p>

25、語導(dǎo)讀】一、語言點講解1.You can read somebooks about that.你可以閱讀一些有關(guān)那方面的書籍。about 與 on 都可表示“關(guān)于”的意思。（1）about 側(cè)重敘事，on 側(cè)重論述；about 多用于個人事跡、故事內(nèi)容、一般的書籍、文章等較淺顯的問題，on 多用于比較重大的，涉及比較深廣的諸如國際形勢、政治、理論、學(xué)術(shù)、報告、專著等方面的問題。 eg:a book on theradio 關(guān)于無線電方面的專著stories about Lei Feng 關(guān)于雷鋒的故事注：a book on the radio 中，若 on 改用 about 時，指一本關(guān)于無線

26、電的科普故事書；story后只能用 about，不能用 on。（2）about 常與 learn, teach, read, tell, know 等動詞連用。 eg:What do you know about it?對此你知道些什么？He talked alot about his family.他說了許多關(guān)于家庭的事。2. What Id really like to find out is whether people would sometimes want to go on a holiday,as wedo.我真正想弄清楚的是人們有時是否想去度假，就像我們一樣。（1）What I

27、d really like to find out 在句中做主語， whether people would sometimes want togo on a holiday 在句中做表語。（2）as 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，代表整個主句，在從句中做賓語。 eg:He married her, as was natural.他跟她結(jié)婚了，這是很自然的事。注：which 與 as 都可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，代表整個主句，但有區(qū)別：as 引導(dǎo)的從句可以放在主句之前，主句之后，甚至還可以分割主句； which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。另外，as 常有“正如，正像”的含義。 eg:Joh

28、n, as you know, is a writer.正如你所知，約翰是個作家。He was very rudeto the Customs officer, which of coursemadethings even worse.他對海關(guān)官員非常無禮，這當(dāng)然使事情更糟糕了。（1998，上海高考）as 作為關(guān)系代詞還可用于 thesameas 和 suchas 中。 eg:Ivenever heard such stories as hetells.我從未聽過他講的這樣的故事。This is the samedictionary as I lost.這本字典跟我丟失的一樣。二、交際用語講解

29、1. I wonder what/who 2. Im curious to 3. I wonder if/whether4. Im curious about 5. I really want to know 6. Id love to know 7. What Id really like to find out is 8. Id like to know moreabout三、口語針對性練習(xí)（28 分，20 分鐘）（一）單項選擇（每小題 1 分，共 10 分）1. He _ go to work by bus, but now he_ riding abicycle to work.A.

30、used to; used to B. used to; is used toC. is used to; used to D. is used to; is used to2. Lets practise_ English when and where_ .A. speaking; impossible B. to speak; possibleC. speaking; possible D. to speak; impossible3. He learned English _ watching educators _ TV or _ acomputer screen.A. by; on;

31、 in B. in; on; on C. by; on; on D. in; in; on4. I wonder _ he will spend the weekend with us on the farm.A. that B. whereC. when D. if5. Janes pale facesuggested that she _ill, and her parents suggested that she _amedical examination.A. be; should have B. was; haveC. should be; had D. was; has6. Her

32、 suggestion that you _ oncemore sounds reasonable.A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try7. I _ him to give up smoking, but I failed.A. try to persuadeB. suggestedC. managed to persuadeD. persuaded8.What would you like to drink?_.A. To drink a coffeeB. Drink a cup of coffeeC. AcoffeeD. I like a cup o

33、f coffee9. He was about to tell methe secret _ someonepatted him on the shoulder.（2002，上海，1 分）A. as B. until C. while D. when10. Does your family live _ Beijing?A. far B. far away C. far away from D. far near（二）單句改錯（每小題 1 分，共 10 分）1. My suggestion is that you will not take this medicine. _2. Im sure

34、that he will come. But I wonder when hewill comeon time. _3. Theboy is too young to wear himself. _4. Hed like to be taking to the new country. _5. He was in atraffic jam, that made him late for school. _6. He practiced speak English whenever he met aforeigner. _7. I think youll soon be used the wea

35、ther here. _8. I talked for along time, and in theend I tried to make her believe me. _9. Thedoctor suggested that theboy was sent to hospital at once. _10. The use of satellites makes this possible to telephone somebody on the other side of theworld. _（三）閱讀理解（每小題 2 分，共 8 分）When we say that Cambridg

36、e is a university town, we do not mean just that it is a town with auniversity in it. Manchester and Milan have universities, but we do not call them universitytowns. A university town is one where there is no clear separation between the universitybuildings and the rest of thecity. The university i

37、s not just onepart of thetown; it is all over thetown.The heart of Cambridge has its shops, pubs（小酒館）, market place and so on, but mostof it is universitycolleges, faculties（各系部） , libraries, clubs and other places for universitystaff （教職員工） and students. Students fill the shops, cafes, banks, and c

38、hurches, making theseas well part of the university.The town was there first. Two Roman roads crossed there, and there are signs of buildingbefore Roman times (earlier than AD 43). Cambridge became a center of learning, and theauthority（權(quán)威）of thehead of the university was recognized by the king in 1

39、226.With about 8250 undergraduates and over 2000 postgraduates, the city is a busy place in “fillturn”（全體學(xué)生在校上課時）. Undergraduates are not allowed to keep cars in Cambridge, sonearly all of them use bicycles. Dont try to drive through Cambridge during the five minutesbetween lectures. Your bicycle mu

40、st go through a boiling sea of other bicycles hurrying in alldirections. If you are in Cambridge at five minutes to the hour any morning of full term, youknow that you arein auniversity town.1. What is called a university town?A. A town with a university in it.B. Auniversity with a town in it.C. One

41、 wherethereis no clear separation between auniversity and atown.D. One wherethereare both a university and a town.2. How many students does Cambridge have?A. Eight thousand, two hundred and fifty. B. Two thousand.C. Ten thousand. D. More than ten thousand.3. Which of thefollowing is not mentioned in

42、 thepassage? In Cambridge _ .A. the university is all over the townB. the town cameearlier than the universityC. during the five minutes between lectures, your bicycle must go through other bicycleshurrying in all directionsD. the teachers havemany strangeways of making their lectures lively and int

43、eresting4. Whats the title of the passage?A. CambridgeA University Town.B. CambridgeA Centre of Learning.C. Cambridge with Many Students.D. Cambridge with a Long History.【閱讀指導(dǎo)】一、生詞和詞組1. date back to: having existed since 自某時代存在至今，追溯回，始于 eg:This building dates back to the 14th century.這座房子建于 14 世紀。注：

44、date back to 也可以說成 datefrom eg:Our partnership dates from 1970.我們從 1970 年就合伙了。2. warriorw rin. person who fights in battle 戰(zhàn)士，武士，勇士 eg:Jingke is a warrior.荊軻是一名勇士。3. pinpIn(1)n. short thin piece of stiff wire with a share point at one end and a round head atthe other 大頭針 eg:Please fasten two sheets

45、of paper with apins.用大頭針把兩張紙別在一起。(2)v. attach sth. with apin or pins.用針固定或別住某物 eg:Pin the bills together so you dont lose them.把賬單別在一起以防遺失。attach or fix sth. to sb.將某事附加在某人身上常用于 pin sth. on sb. eg:Werepinning all our hopes on you.我們把希望完全寄托在你身上了。4. a variety of: many different kinds of 各種各樣的 eg:He le

46、ft for a variety of reasons.他由于種種原因而離開了。5. tendtend(1)vt. takecareof or look after sb./ sth.照料，照管 eg:Thenurses aretending theinjured.護士正在照料受傷者。They are shepherds tending their sheep.他們是照管羊的牧人。servecustoms in (ashop, bar, etc.)在（店鋪、酒吧等）中接待顧客、服侍eg: I would like to tend thestorefor you while youreaway.

47、你不在時，我愿意替你照看店鋪。be likely to behave in a certain way or to have a certain influence 傾向；趨于 eg:He tends to get angry when people object to his plan.別人反對他的意見時，他很容易生氣。(2)vi. take a certain direction 朝某方向 eg:Thetrack tends upwards.這痕跡是朝著上方的。6. for this reason 因為這個理由for no good reason 無緣無故，沒有正當(dāng)?shù)睦碛?eg:You m

48、ustnt leave for no good reason.沒有合適的理由，你不許離開。7. have a hand in: be involved in sth. which happens; bepartly responsible for sth.參與，插手，對某事負部分責(zé)任 eg:John should have ahand in this.約翰應(yīng)對這件事負責(zé)任。注：相關(guān)詞組：lend sb. ahand 幫助某人 from hand to mouth 僅夠糊口地hand in hand 手牽手 on the other hand 另一方面shakehands with sb.與某人

49、握手 hand in 交出；提出hand out 分發(fā)，分配 hand down（將傳統(tǒng)，習(xí)慣等）傳給后世，流傳下來8. in terms of 意思是“用的話”，“以的觀點”，“就而說” eg:He thought of everything in terms of money.他每件事都從錢的角度考慮。Thefigures areexpressed in terms of a percentage.那些數(shù)字是以百分數(shù)表示的。9. sparespevt. useas little as possible 吝惜，節(jié)約，舍不得用 eg:He didnt spareany effort on hi

50、s studies.他在研究方面不遺余力。Sparethe rod and spoil thechild.諺孩子不打不成器，嬌養(yǎng)忤逆兒。（省了棍子壞了孩子。）show mercy to; dont hurt or harm sb.饒恕；不傷害某人 eg:Please spareme!請饒了我吧！be able to afford to give (time or money) (to sb.)勻出，撥出，分出，提供。eg: Can you spareme a few minutes of your time?我能耽擱您幾分鐘嗎？I cant sparethetime for a holiday

51、 at the moment.目前我抽不出時間去度假。注：spareno effort 不遺余力spareadj. kept in reservefor usewhen needed 多余的；備用的；剩余的eg: We have no spareroom for atable.我們沒有放桌子的空地方。Do you carry asparewheel in your car?你的汽車上有備用備車輪嗎？I have no sparemoney this month.這個月我沒有余錢。for leisure; free; unoccupied 空閑的；未占用的 eg:He paints in his

52、 sparetime.他在空閑時繪畫。She is a busy woman with little sparetime.她是一位忙得沒有空的女子。thin 瘦的 eg:a tall spareman 又高又瘦的男子注：詞組 in ones sparetime 在某人的空閑時間10. in the eyes of sb. (in sb.s eyes):in the opinion of sb.在某人的心目中，在某人看來 eg:In your fathers eyes yourestill a child.在你父親的眼里你仍是個孩子。注：相關(guān)詞組：keep an eye on sb.留神，看守，

53、看管look sb. in the eye 目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看某人shut (close) ones eyes to sth.閉目不看，裝著沒看到，視而不見11. remoterIm tadj. far away from other houses（與其他房子）遠離的，遙遠的，偏僻的eg:He used to live in a remotevillage.他曾住在一個偏僻的山村里。a houseremotefrom the town 一座遠離城鎮(zhèn)的房子far away in time（在時間上）遙遠的，久遠的 eg:in the remotepast/ future 在遙遠的過去（未來）cold

54、and unfriendly 冷淡的，漠不關(guān)心的 eg:He is rather remote.他相當(dāng)冷淡。12. as well as(1)同一樣好 eg:She cooks as wellas her mother does.她和她母親的燒菜水平一樣好。(2)（除之外）又，不但而且 eg:He grows flowers as wellas vegetables.他既種菜也種花。注：A as well as B 短語為主語時，謂語動詞要隨 A 的人稱、數(shù)而變化。eg: His children as well as his wifewereinvited to theparty.不但他的太

55、太，連他的孩子們都被邀請參加了那次聚會。二、同、近義詞辨析1. sure 與 certain 確信，有把握相同點：（1）都可接 about/ of，意思是“確信”，“對有把握”，只能用人做主語。 eg:Are you sure/ certain of that?你確信那件事嗎？（2）都可接不定式，意思是“一定會”，人或物均可做主語。 eg:He is sure/certain to succeed.他一定會成功。Theproject is sure/certain to bea success.這個計劃一定會成功。（3）后面跟“連接詞（疑問詞、連詞 whether）+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是“確定

56、”，只能用人做主語。 eg:Im not sure/certain what to do.我不知道怎么辦。（4）都可跟從句，意思是“肯定”，“確定”，只能用人做主語。 eg:Im not sure/certain whether Ivemet him before.我不能確定以前是否見到過他。不同點：sure 不能用于 It is certain that句型。 eg:It is certain that your team will win.你們隊肯定會贏。2. cloth, clothes 與 clothing(1)cloth 指做衣服用的材料（布料、毛料、絲綢等），是物質(zhì)名詞，不可數(shù)，沒

57、有復(fù)數(shù)形式。 eg:a piece of cloth 一塊布料（不能說 acloth）How much cloth does it take to makea coat for thechild?給這個孩子做件上衣要多少布？注：cloth 指“具體用途的布”時，是可數(shù)名詞。 eg:a table cloth 一塊桌布 a dish-cloth 擦盤子布（2）clothes 統(tǒng)指各種衣服，包括外套、西裝、襯衣、褲子、裙、鞋、帽等。不指單件衣服。它既不能用作單數(shù)，也不能和表示具體數(shù)目的數(shù)詞連用。做主語時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。不能說：a clothes（ ） six clothes()但可以說 many

58、 (these, afew, my) clothes() eg:He had to buy many clothes.他只好買很多衣服。Theseclothes are new.這些衣服都是新的。（3）clothing 是衣服、服裝的總稱，是集合名詞，只有單數(shù)形式。做主語時，謂語用單數(shù)形式。 eg:food and clothing 衣食an article of clothing (apiece of clothing) 一件衣服三、語言點講解1. Buried with him were the tools of a hunter or warrior. 獵人或是武士的工具跟他埋在一起。此

59、句是倒裝句，正常的語序應(yīng)是：Thetools of a hunter or warrior wereburied with him.當(dāng)一個句子沒有賓語而主語又比較長，為了保持句子平衡，或為了強調(diào)表語或狀語，或為了使上下文緊密銜接，可將狀語提到句子前頭，同時把謂語也放到主語的前面。 eg:East of thetown lies a beautiful lake.城東有一美麗的湖泊。Next to them lay a cushion stone, upon which theman could work metal.在它們的旁邊放著一塊墊東西的石頭，這個人有可能在上面鍛造金屬。2. This

60、was a time when the first metals were brought to Britain.那時第一批金屬被帶到了英國。a time 特定的一段時間，在這指的是 that period。when 引出的是定語從句，修飾先行詞 atime，等于 at which。 eg:This was atime when therewerestill slaves in theUSA.那時美國還有奴隸。3. Iron camelater, in what was called theIronAge.后來，在所謂的鐵器時代出現(xiàn)了鐵。句中 whatwas called the Iron Age 是