高中英語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)講解

1、間狀語來表達(dá)的。英語中的時(shí)態(tài)共有十六種，但是?？嫉幕蜉^常用的只有9種，而且重點(diǎn)測(cè)試完成時(shí)態(tài)。要掌握英語的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)，必須掌握好英語中的助動(dòng)詞(do,be,have)和時(shí)間狀語這兩個(gè)核心問題。1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要用來表示人、事物的現(xiàn)在狀況和特點(diǎn)或表示目前經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，句子中常有often,always,fromtimetotime等時(shí)間狀語；表示客觀規(guī)律和永恒真理等。Heusuallygoestoworkat7o'clockeverymorning.ShehasabrotherwholivesinNewYork.Theearthgoesaroundthesun.Guangzhouis

2、situatedinthesouthofChina.考點(diǎn)一：表示永恒的真理，即使出現(xiàn)在過去的語境中，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：IlearnedthattheearthgoesaroundthesunwhenIwasinprimaryschool.考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，代替一般將來時(shí)；常用的引導(dǎo)詞有：時(shí)間:when,until,after,before,assoonas,once,themoment/theminute,theday;條件：if,unless,provided.Ifheacceptsthejob,hewillgetmoremoneysoon.考點(diǎn)三：在makesure(cer

3、tain),seetoit,mind,care,matter+賓語從句，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。Solongasheworkshard,Idon'tmindwhenhefinishestheexperiment.只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么時(shí)候做完試驗(yàn)?？键c(diǎn)四：在themorethemore(越越)句型中，若主句是一般將來時(shí)，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Theharderyoustudy,thebetterresultsyouwillget.表說話時(shí)或目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)：或表感情色彩，加強(qiáng)語氣。與頻率副詞，如always，constantly，continually，ag

4、ain等連用表示說話人的某種感情色彩（贊嘆、厭煩、埋怨等）。WearehavingEnglishclass.Thehouseisbeingbuiltthesedays.Thelittleboyisalwaysmakingtrouble.考點(diǎn)一：在時(shí)間狀語或條件狀語從句中表示將來正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Lookoutwhenyouarecrossingthestreet.Don'twakehimupifheisstillsleepingat7tomorrowmorning.考點(diǎn)二：表示在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（這時(shí)多有表示將來的時(shí)間狀語）。MarryisleavingonFriday.3、

5、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，完成在過去，但強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在情況仍有聯(lián)系，其結(jié)果或影響仍存在?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有一些標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語：考點(diǎn)一：for+時(shí)間段；since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)TheyhavelivedinBeijingforfiveyears.TheyhavelivedinBeijingsince1995.IhavelearnedEnglishfortenyears.考點(diǎn)二：常見的不確定的時(shí)間狀語：lately;recently,just,already,yet,uptonow;tillnow;sofar,thesedays,Hasitstoppedrainingyet?考點(diǎn)三：在表示“最近幾世紀(jì)/年/

6、月以來”時(shí)間狀語中，謂語動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。inthepastfewyears/months/weeks/days;overthepastfewyears;duringthelastthreemonths;forthelastfewcenturies,throughcenturies;throughouthistory等考點(diǎn)四：表示“第幾次做某事，”或在“Itisthebest(worst,mostinteresting)+名詞+that”后面跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。ThisismyfirsttimethatIhavevisitedChina.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmIha

7、veeverseen.Thatistheonlybookthathehaswritten.4. 一般過去時(shí)表在過去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生且完成的動(dòng)作，或過去習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，只說明過去。常跟明確的過去時(shí)間連用，如：yesterday;lastweek;in1945,atthattime;once;duringthewar;before;afewdaysago;when,汪意：考點(diǎn)一：usedto+do，表示過去經(jīng)常但現(xiàn)在已不再維持的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。to為不定式，后接動(dòng)詞原形。be/become/getusedto+doing，表示習(xí)慣于Heusedtosmokealot.Hehasgotus

8、edtogettingupearly.考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，代替過去將來時(shí)。Hepromisedtobuymeacomputerifhegotaraise5. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Theboywasdoinghishomeworkwhenhisfathercamebackfromwork.Hewastakingawalkleisurelybythelakewhenheheardsomeoneshoutedforhelp.Whatwereyoudoingatninelastnight?Theradiowasbeingrepairedwhenyouca

9、lledme.6. 過去完成時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，即過去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”，句中有明顯的參照動(dòng)作或時(shí)間狀語，這種時(shí)態(tài)從來不(before,after,by,uptill)Therehadbeen25parksinourcityuptill2000.Bytheendoflasttermwehadfinishedthebook.Theyfinishedearlierthanwehadexpected.考點(diǎn)一：用于hardly/scarcelywhen;nosooner.than句型中，主句用過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。Ihadhardlyfinishedmywork

10、whenhecametoseeme.Ihadnosoonergotintotheroomthanitbegantosnow.NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanthetelephonerang.(注意主謂倒裝)考點(diǎn)二：表示“第幾次做某事”，主句用過去時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)。Thatwasthesecondtimethatshehadseenhergrandfather.Itwas3yearssincewehadparted。考點(diǎn)三：動(dòng)詞hope,expect,think,intend,mean,want,suppose,plan用過去完成時(shí)，表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、打算和意圖。Iha

11、dhopedthatIcoulddothejob.IhadintendedtoseeyoubutIwastoobusy.7. 一般將來時(shí)表在將來某個(gè)時(shí)間會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。常和tomorrow,nextyear,in2008等表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用，其表現(xiàn)形式多達(dá)5種。Beijingwillhostthe29thOlympicGamesin2008.考點(diǎn)一：一般將來時(shí)總是用在一些時(shí)間狀語從句或條件狀語從句的主句中:willbeginourclassassoonastheteachercomes.(主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句中一定要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代一般將來時(shí)。)We考點(diǎn)二：某些表示短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞如

12、arrive,come,go,leave,start等，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式表示將來。IamleavingforBeijingtomorrow.考點(diǎn)三：“祈使句+and/or+句子”，這種結(jié)構(gòu)中and后面的句子謂語用一般將來時(shí)。Useyourheadandyouwillfindaway.考點(diǎn)四：“am(is,are)goingto+動(dòng)詞原形”表示打算要做的事或可能要發(fā)生的事?！癮m(is,are)aboutto+動(dòng)詞原形”表示按照預(yù)定計(jì)劃或打算準(zhǔn)備著手進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作?！癮m(is,are)to+動(dòng)詞原形”表示必須、必然或計(jì)劃將要做的事。TheyaretobemarriedinthisMay.&

13、將來進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或按計(jì)劃一定會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。I'llbedoingmyhomeworkthistimetomorrow.明天這會(huì)我正在寫作業(yè)。ThePresidentwillbemeetingtheforeigndelegationattheairport.9、將來完成時(shí)表在將來某時(shí)刻之前業(yè)已完成的事情，時(shí)間狀語非常明顯?？键c(diǎn)一：常用的時(shí)間狀語一般用by+將來的時(shí)間。女口：bytheendofthisyear,by8o'clockthisevening,byMarchnextyear以及由bythetime,before或when等引導(dǎo)的副詞從句。Byth

14、eendofnextmonth,hewillhavetraveled1000milesonfoot.Bythetimeyoureachthestation,thetrainwillhaveleft.BynextTuesday,Iwillhavegotreadyfortheexams.考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，將來完成時(shí)則由現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示。Thechildrenwilldotheirhomeworkthemomenttheyhavearrivedbackfromschool.10. 動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)一般用于強(qiáng)調(diào)承受者，做題時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞不再有名詞或賓語。動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)一般不單獨(dú)考，而是和時(shí)態(tài)、語氣和非謂

15、語動(dòng)詞一起考，只是需要注意以下考點(diǎn)?？键c(diǎn)一：常見的不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞和詞組cometrue,consistof,takeplace,happen,become,rise,occur,belong,breakout,appear,arrive,die,fall,last,exist,fail,succeedIttookplacebeforeliberation.考點(diǎn)二：下列動(dòng)詞常用來表示事物的特征，這時(shí)要用主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義，而且常與well,quite,easily,badly等副詞連用。lock（鎖）；wash（洗）;sell（賣）;read（讀）;wear（穿）;blame（責(zé)備）；

16、ride（乘坐）；write（寫）；Glassbreakseasily.玻璃容易破碎。Thecarridessmoothly.這車走起來很穩(wěn)。Thecaselockseasily.這箱子很好鎖。Thebooksellswell.這本書很暢銷?？键c(diǎn)三：一些常用經(jīng)典被動(dòng)句型：Itissaid,Itisreported,Itiswidelybelieved，Itisexpected,Itisestimated，這些句子一般翻譯為“據(jù)說“人們認(rèn)為而“以前人們認(rèn)為貝U應(yīng)該說：Itwasbelieved,Itwasthought時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)100練1. “Idon'tliketotravel.”“H

17、aveyoueverinA.flyingB.flewC.flowedD.flown2. Thecenterofgravityofthehumanbodybehindhisjoint.AlocatedB.locatingC.tolocateD.islocated3. “Todayisverycold,isn'tit?”“Yes,theriverisA.freezedB.freezeC.frozenD.freezing4. “Whathappenedinthatnewarea?”“Newhousesthere.”A.arebuiltB.buildC.havebuiltD.havebeenb

18、uilt5. “Whendidyougotowork?”“Assoonastheycame,wework.”A.wentB.weregoingC.hadgoneDgo6. “Didyouwaitforhimverylong?”“Yes,Itointhemorning.”A.didgoB.didn'tgoChadgoneD.went7. Perhapsitwillbealongtimefromabroad.AwhenTomcomesbackB.whenTomwillcomebackC.beforeTomcomesbackD.thatTomcomesback8. Tommathematic

19、sthroughouthiscollegelife.AboredB.boredwithC.wasboredD.wasboredwith9. thatdresswhenIfirstsawyouatthestation?anairplane?over.recentlyovertobeduntilfiveAWereyouwearingB.HaveyouwornC.DidyouwearD.doyouwear10.MrWutoworkbybuseveryday.A. hasbeentravelingB.hastraveledC.travelsDistraveling11. Don'tdistur

20、bhim.Hetotheweatherforecast.A. listensB.isbeinglistenedC.haslistenedD.islistening12. MyEnglishteachermytest.A. hasnotyetgradedB.hasnotyetbeengradedC.isnotyettobegradedD.isnotyetgraded13. Weonitformanyhours,butwehavenotyetreachedanyconclusion.A.arebeingworkedB.areworkingC.havebeenworkingD.havebeenwor

21、ked14.ShanghaiontheHuangpuRiver.A.standB.standsCisbeingstandD.hasstood15. “Tellthestudentstostopshouting.Weouressaysnow.”A.writeB.havebeenwritingC.arewritingD.havewritten16. “yourbest?It'snotsatisfactory.I'mafraidyouwillhavetodoitagain.”A.DoyoutryB.HaveyoutriedC.AreyoutryingD.Haveyoubeentryi

22、ng17. ChinesemarriedcoupleredpacketstochildrenandtheunmarriedduringtheChinesenewYear.AgiveB.havebeengivingC.aregivingD.havegiven18. Myuncle,Sam,managerofthefirm.A.hasjustmadeB.isjustbeingmadeC.hasjustbeenmadeD.isjustmade19. ThisisthefirsttimethestudentstoHydePark.A. havegoneB.havebeengoneC.havebeeng

23、oingD.arebeinggone20.Shehermother'sworksinceshewasadmittedintohospital.A. isdoingB.hasbeendoingC.hasdoneD.hasbeendone21.I theincidentasifitwereyesterday.A. amstilltorememberB.havestillbeenrememberingC.ambeingstillrememberedD.stillremember22.I swimmingintheriverandIalwaystoswimwhenIcan.A.amliking

24、/havegoneB.ambeingliked/amgoingC.like/goD.haveliked/havebeengoing23. Wehavesometimesaccidentsonthisline,butnoaccidentssincelastwinter.A.occurB.haveoccurredC.havebeenoccurringD.areoccurring24. Heonthisessayfortwentyminutesbutheonlyahundredwords.A.hasbeenworking/haswrittenB.isworking/writesB. hasworke

25、d/hasbeenwritingD.works/iswriting25. ElectionseveryfouryearsandCongressmeetsonceayear.A.aretakenplaceB.aretobetakenplaceC.tookplaceD.takeplace26. careless,oryouwillmakemistakes.A.BenotB.NotbeC.Don'tD.Don'tbe27. TheNo.8bustoChengducollegeofGeology,andnottoSichuanUniversity.A. aregoneB.isbeing

26、goneC.goesD.aregoing28.Oil,exportedfromIrantoEurope,bytankers.A.usedtobetransported/havebeenbuiltupB. usedtobeingtransported/havebuiltupC. wasusedtobetransported/hadbeenbuiltupD. wasusedtobeingtransported/willbebuiltup29.Ifit,thematchwillbepostponed.A.hasbeenrainedB.doesrainC.rainsD.israined30.Assoo

27、nasIthetools,Ishallbeginwiththework.A.haveB.amhavingC.havebeenhavingD.havebeenhad31.Onceyoutheknackofit,youwillhavenofurtherdifficulty.A.shallhaveB.hadhadC.arehavingD.have32. Everytimeheme,heisrudetome.A.willseeB.seesC.isseeingD.isseen33. JohntoldMarythathewhathewasdoingduringthevacation.A.wasjustas

28、kedB.wasjustaskingC.hadjustbeenaskedD.hadjustasked34. Nowthatyou,whatareyougoingtodo?A.arebingreturnedB.havebeenreturningC. havebeenreturnedD.havereturned35.I startedmyteachingcareerattheschool.Thatwasmorethantwentyyearsago,andIthereeversince.A.wasB.hadbeenC.willbeD.havebeen36.Everythingontheearthal

29、lthetime.A.ischangingB.ischangedC.haschangedD.hasbeenchanged37.Wefineweatherforthepastfewdays.A.haveB.arehavingC.havebeenhadD.havebeenhaving38.Iteverydaysofarthismonth.A.israiningB.rainsC.hasrainedD.hasbeenrained39. noonecanprovethattheearthnotround.A.isbeingB.istobeC.isD.hasbeen40. “Thereshe!Weneed

30、n'twaitanylonger.”A.comesB.hasbeencomeC.hasbeencomingD.istocome41. Thelittlegirlbythedrug-pushertocarrydrugsintothecountry.A.wasmadeuseB.wasmadeusedC.wasmadeuseofD.wasmadeusedof42.I shalltellyouwhatheatthreeo'clockyesterdayafternoon.A.haddoneB.woulddoC.wasdoingD.hadbeendone43. Bytheendoflast

31、yearthey1,000machines.A.turnedoutB.hadturnedoutC.wouldturnoutD.hadbeenturnedout44. Hewassixty-eight.Intwoyearsheseventy.A.wouldbeB.wasC.hadbeenD.wasbeing45. Howlongagoplayingfootball?A.hadyoustoppedB.wouldyoustopC.didyoustopD.wereyoustopping46. Uptillthenwehalfthedistance.A.hadonlycoveredB.coveredC.

32、wouldonlycoverD.wouldbeonlycovered47. WhileItelevision,thedoorbell.A.watched/wouldringB.wouldwatch/hadrungB. waswatching/rangD.hadbeenwatched/wasringing48. Theywithusforthetimebeing.A.wouldstayB.willstayC.havebeenstayingD.willbestaying49.I neverdreamedIherediscussingstateaffairswiththeotherdeputies.

33、A.willbesittingB.wouldbesittingC. willhavebeensittingD.wouldhavebeensitting50. Johntoldusthatbytheendoftheyeartheytogetherforthirtyyears.A.wouldhavebeenlivingB.wouldhavelivedC.wouldhavebeenlivedD.willhavebeenliving51. Thenewtypeofmachinetheyearafternext.A.isgoingtoturnoutB.isgoingtobeingturnedoutC.i

34、sgoingtohaveturnedoutD.isgoingtobeturnedout52. Largesumsofmoneyeachyearinpaintingthesteelworkofbridges,ships,andotherexposedstructures.A.havespentB.havetobespentC.havetospendD.spend53. Thepoliceinwhattheinformerreported.A.interestedB.hadinterestedC.wereinterestingD.wereinterested54. Acandidateforthe

35、postatthemoment.A.isinterviewingB.beinginterviewingC.interviewingD.isbeinginterviewed55. Bytheendoflastyeartherailway.A.wasbeingcompletedB.wouldbecompletedB. hadbeencompletedD.hadcompleted56.I tovisittheircountrybeforelong.A.havebeeninvitedB.ambeinginvitedC. hadbeeninvitedD.shallbeinvited57.Theorywi

36、thpractice.A.mustbecombiningB.mustcombineC.musthavebeencombinedD.mustbecombined58.Hesaidsuchathingtohappen.A.oughttobenotallowedB.oughtnottobeallowingB. oughtnottohaveallowedD.oughtnottobeallowed59.Shetoldmethatherproposal.A.neededtotakeintoconsiderationB. neededtobetakenintoconsiderationC. neededto

37、betakingintoconsiderationD. neededtohavetakenintoconsideration60. Theschoolauthoritiesandtheteachersovertheadvantagesofthedemeritsystem.A.werealwaysarguedB.werealwaysarguingC. hadalwayshadarguedD.hadalwaysbeenargued61. Hefulfilledtheplanearlierthanhe.A.hadexpectedB.expectingC.shouldexpectD.wouldexpe

38、ct62. whenthebellrang.schoolschoolA.HardlywouldhereachschoolB.HardlyhadhereachedC.HardlyhereachedschoolD.Hardlyhewasreaching63. WeweredeterminednottodoitunlessJulieit,too.A.haddoneB.wasdoingC.wasdoneD.did64. Theyweresuretheyfinalvictory.A.werewonB.wouldbewonC.wouldwinD.hadbeenwon65. Whentogiveusanan

39、swer?A.willyoubeableB.willyouhavebeenableC.willyouableD.willyouhaveabled66. Weontheprojectbytheendofnextweek.A.shallhavefinishedtoworkB.shallfinishtoworkC.shallhavefinishedworkingD.shallfinishworking67. Heforsixyearsbythetimehetakeshisexamination.A.shallhavefinishedtoworkB.shallfinishtoworkB. shallh

40、avefinishedworkingD.shallfinishworking68.I promiseyouthatIyouapresentnextweek.A.willgiveB.willhavegivenC.shallgiveD.shallhavegiven69.I hopethatshetothedemandsofthenaughtyboys.A.willnothaveagreedB.willnotbeagreedC. willnotagreeD.willnothavebeenagreed70.Inthelongrunyourmoneyinbonds.A.wasmoresafelyinve

41、stedB.ismoresafelyinvestedC.willbemoresafelyinvestedD.aremoresafelyinvested71. Mr.WilsonaskedmeiftheseislandstoJapan.A.belongB.arebelongingC.arebelongedD.havebeenbelonged72. Beforetheendofthenineties,airpollutionaseriousproblemthatendangersthehealthofthehumanrace.havebeenstartsA.willbebecomeB.willbe

42、comeC.willhavebecomeD.willbecome73. Thetrainateighttonight.A.willbestartedB.willhavestartedC.shallbestartedD.74. WeanEnglisheveningtonight.A.arebeinghavingB.arehavingC.willbehadD.shallbehad75. TheyforBeijingforpractice.A.areleavingB.arebeingleftC.willhaveleftD.willbeleft76. meoraren'tyou?A.Willy

43、ouhelpB.ShallyouhelpC.AreyougoingtohelpD.Willyouhavehelped77. Anewpowerstationthere.A.willbegoingtobuildB.isgoingtobebuiltC.willbegonetobuildD.isgonetobebuilt78. ameetingthisafternoon.A.TheregoingtobeB.TherewillbegoingtobeC.ThereisgoingtobeD.Therewillgoingtobe79. Weanewexperimentthisafternoon.A.shal

44、lbetoperformB.willbetoperformC.aretobeperformedD.aretoperform80. ThegovernmenttoapprovetheuseofwidespreadsurveillancewhentheJusticeDepartmenttookobjections.A.isgoingB.hadbeenC.wasaboutD.iscoming81. Yououghttoatestinphysicsthedaybefore,Ithink.A.havetakenB.takeC.betakenD.betaking82. Keplerprovedthatth

45、esunthecenterofthesolarsystem.A.isB.wasC.hadbeenD.wouldbe83. Thisisoneofthebestnovelsthatthisyear.A.appearsB.isappearingC.hasappearedD.haveappeared84. Myfriendherelastweek,buthecouldn't.A.wastohavecomeB.musthavecomeC.cameD.hadtocome85. Hedidnotarriveuntilthemeetingwasnearlyover,forthesimplereasonisthatheasleepwhilewatchingtelevision.A.hadfallenB.hasfallenC.fellD.wasfallingplatesoffoodforus.86. WehadhardlysatdownwhensheA.broughtB.hasbroughtC.hadbroughtD.wasb