最新考研新題型密押模擬題《英語(yǔ)一》

1、考研新題型密押模擬題英語(yǔ)一新題型一、七選五或填空式閱讀Passage1English has become the world s number one language in the 20th century. In every country where is not the native language, especially in the Third World, people must strive to learn it to the best of their abilities, if they want to participate fully in the develop

2、ment of their countries.41).42) .Nonetheless, a world full of different language willdisappear if the present trend in many countries to use English to replace the national or official languages in education, trade and even politics continues.43) .The Third World countries that are now using English

3、 as a medium of instruction are depriving 75 per cent of their future leaders of a proper education. According to many studies, only around 20 to 25 per cent of students in these countries can manage to learn the language of instruction as well as basic subjects at the same time. Many leaders of the

4、se Third World countries are obsessed with English and for them English is everything. They seem to believe that if the students speak English, they are already knowledgeable.44) .All the greatest countries of the world are great because they constantly use their own languages in all national develo

5、pment activities,including education. From a psychological point of view, those who are taught in their own language from the start will develop better self-confidence and self-reliance. From a linguistic point of view, the best brains can only be produced if students are educated in their own langu

6、age from the start.45) .There is nothing wrong, however, in learning a foreign language at advanced levels of education. But the best thing to do is to have a good education in one s native language first, then go abroad to have a university in a foreign language.A) If this situation continues, the

7、native or official languages of these countries will certainly die within two or three generations. This phenomenon has been called linguistic genocide. A language dies if it is not fully used in most activities, particularly as a medium of instruction in schools.B) Those who are taught in a foreign

8、 language form the start will tend to be imitators and lack self-confidence. They will tend to rely on foreign consultants.C) Suppose you work in a big firm and find and find English very important for your job because you often deal with foreign businessmen. Now you are looking a place where you ca

9、n improve your English, especially your spoken English.D) But many people are concerned that English s dominance will destroy native languages.E) These leaders speak and write English much better than their national languages. If these leaders deliver speeches anywhere in the world they use English

10、and they feel more at home with it and proud of their ability as well. The citizens of their countries do not understand their leader s speeches because they are made in a foreign language.F) Here are some advertisements about English language training from newspapers. You may find the information y

11、ou need.G) A close examination reveals a great number of languages have fallen casualty to English. For example, it has wiped out Hawaiian, Welsh, Scotch Gaelic, Irish, native American languages, and many others. Luckily, some of these languages are now being revived, such as Hawaiian and Welsh, and

12、 these languages will live again, hopefully, if dedicated people continue their work of reviving them.Passage 2In 1959 the average American family paid $ 989 for a year s supply of food. In 1972 the family paid $1,311. That was a price increase of nearly one third. Every family has had this sort of

13、experience. Everyone agrees that the cost of feeding a family has risen sharply. But there is less agreement when reasons for the rise are being discussed. Who is really responsible?Many blame the farmers who produce the vegetables, fruit, meat, eggs, and cheese that stores offer for sale. According

14、 to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the farmer s share of the $1,311 spent by the family in 1972 was $521. This was 31 percent more than the farmer had received in 1959.But farmers claim that this increase was very small compared to the increase in their cost of living. Farmers tend to blame oth

15、ers for the sharp rise in food prices. They particularly blame those who process the farm products after the products leave the farm. These include truck drivers, meat packers, manufacturers of packages and other food containers, and the owners of stores where food is sold. 41) .Of the $1,311 family

16、 food bill in 1972, middlement received $ 790, which was 33 percent more than they had received in 1959. It appears that the middlemen s profit has increased more than farme rs. But some economists claim that the middleman s actual profit was very law. According to economists at the First National C

17、ity Bank, the profit for meat packers and food stores amounted to less than one per cent. During the same period all other manufacturers were making a profit of more than 5 per cent.42) .43) .Vegetables and chicken cost more when they have been cut into pieces by someone other than the one who buys

18、it. A family should expectto pay more when severalTV dinners ”are taken hthoemset ofroem.These are fully cooked meals, consisting of meat, vegetables, andsometimes desert, all arranged on a metal dish. The dish is put into theover and heated while the housewife is doing something else. Such a conven

19、ience costs money. 44) .Economists remind us many modern housewives have jobs outsidethe home. They earn money that helps to pay the family food bills. The housewife naturally has less time and energy for cooking after a day s work. She wants to buy many kinds of food that can be put on her family s

20、 table easily and quickly. 45) .It appears that the answer to the question for rising prices is not a simple one. Producers, consumers, and middlemen all share the responsibility for the sharp rise in food costs.A) Thus, as economists point out: ” Some of the basic reasons for widening food price sp

21、reads are easily traceable to the increasing use of convenience foods, which transfer much of the time and work of meal preparation from the kitchen to the food processo r s plant. ”B) They are among the “ middlemen ” who stand between the farmer and the people who buy and eat the food. Are middleme

22、n the ones to blame for rising food prices?C) “ If the housewife wants all of these.” The economists say, her privilege, but she must be prepared to pay for the services of the those who make her work easier.D) Who then is actually responsible for the size of the bill a housewife must pay before she

23、 carries the food home from the store? The economists at First National City Bank have an answer to give housewives, but many people will not like it. These economists blame the housewife herself for the jump in food prices. They say that food costs more now because women don t want to spend much ti

24、me in the kitchen. Women prefer to buy food which has already been prepared before it reaches the market.E) However, some economists believe that controls can have negative effects over a long period of time. In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can

25、charge for an apartment.F) Economists do not agree on some of the predictions. They also do not agree on the value of different decisions. Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it.G) By comparison with other members of the economic system both farmers and middlemen hav

26、e profited surprisingly little from the rise in food prices.Passage3Growing cooperation among branches of tourism has proved valuable to all concerned. Government bureaus, trade and travel association carriers and properties are all working together to bring about optimum conditions for travelers.41

27、) .They distribute materials to agencies, such asjournals, brochures and advertising projects.42) .Tourist counselors give valuable seminars to acquaint agents with new programs and techniques in selling. 43) .Properties and agencies work closely together to make the most suitable contracts, conside

28、ring both the comfort of the clients and their own profitable financial arrangement. 44) .45) .Carriers are dependent upon agencies to supplypassengers,a nd agencies are dependent upon carriers to present them with marketable tours. All services must work together for greater efficiency, fair pricin

29、g and contented customers.A) The same confidence exists between agencies and carriers including car-rental and sight-seeing services.B) They offer familiarization and workshop tours so that in a short time agents can obtain first-hand knowledge of the tours.C) Travel operators, specialists in the fi

30、eld of planning, sponsor extensive research programs. They have knowledge of all areas and all carrier services, and they are experts in organizing different types of tours and in preparing effective advertising campaigns.D) As a result of teamwork, tourism is flouring in all countries.E) Agencies r

31、ely upon the good services of hotels, and , conversely, hotels rely uponagencies, to fulfill their contracts and to send them clients.F) In this way agents learn to explain destinations and to suggest different modes and combinations of travel- Planes, ships, trains, motorcoaches, car-rentals, and e

32、ven car purchases.G) Consequently, the agencies started to pay more attention to the comfort of travel.Passage 4Fields across Europe are contaminated with dangerous levels of the antibiotics given to farm animals. The drugs, which are in manure sprayed onto fields as fertilizers, could be getting in

33、to our food and water, helping to create a new generation of antibioticr-esistant “ superbugsThe warning comes from a researcher in Switzerland who looked at levels of the drugs in farm slurry.41) .Some 20,000 tons antibiotics are used in the European Union and the US each year. More than half are g

34、iven to farm-animals to prevent disease and promote growth. 42) .Most researchers assumed that humans become infected with the resistant strains by eating contaminated meat. But far more of the drugs end up in manure than in meat products, says Stephen Mueller of the Swiss Federal Institute for Envi

35、ronmental Science and Technology inDubendorf. 43) .With millions of tons animals manure spread onto fields of cops such as wheat and barley each year, this pathway seems an equally likely route for spreading resistance, he said. The drugs contaminate the crops, which are then eaten. 44) .Mueller is

36、particularly concerned about a group of antibiotics called sulphonamides. 45) .This concentration is high enough totrigger the development of resistance among bacteria. But vets are not treating the issue seriously.There is growing concern at the extent to which drugs, including antibiotics, are pol

37、luting the environment. Many drugs given to humans are also excreted unchanged and broken down by conventional treatment.A) They don t easily degrade or dissolve in water. His analysis found that Swiss farm manure contains a high percentage of sulphonamides; each hectare of field could be contaminat

38、ed with up to 1 kilogram of the drugs.B) And manure contains especially high levels of bugs that are resistant to antibiotics, he says.C) Animal antibiotics is still an area to which insufficient attention has been paid.D) But recent research has found a direct link between the increased use of thes

39、e farmyard drugs and the appearance of antibiotic-resistant bugs that infect people.E) His findings are particularly shocking because Switzerland is one of the few countries to have banned antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feed.F) They could also be leaching into tap water pumped from rocks

40、beneath fertilized fields.G) There is no doubt that the food and drink is always important to the health.Passage 5The main problem in discussing American popular culture is also one of its main characteristics: it won t stay American. No matter what it is, whether it is films, food and fashion, musi

41、c, casual sports or slang, it s soon at home elsewhere in the world. There are several theories why American popular culture has had this appeal.One theory is that is has been “ advertised an” d marketed through American films, popular music, and more recently, television. 41) .They are, after all,

42、in competition with those produced by other countries.Another theory, probably a more common one, is that American popular culture is internationally associated with something called spirit of America .” 42).The final theory is less complex: American popular culture is popular because a lot of peopl

43、e in the world like it.Regardless of why its spreads, American popular culture is usually quite rapidly adopted and then adapted in many other countries. 43). Black leather jackets worn by many heroes in Americanmovies could be found, a generation later, on all those young men who wanted to make thi

44、s manly-look their own.Two areas where this continuing process is most clearly seen are clothing and music. Some people can still remember a time. When T-shirts, jogging clothes, tennis shoes, denim jackets, and blue jeans were not common daily wear everywhere .Only twenty years ago, it was possible

45、 to spot an American in Paris by his or her clothes. No longer so: those bright colors, checkered jackets and trousers, hats and socks which were once made fun in cartoons are back again in Paris as the latest fashion. 44) .The situation with American popular music is more complex because in the beg

46、inning, when it was still clearly American, it was often strongly resisted. Jazz was once thought to be a great danger to youth and their morals, and was actually outlawed in several countries. Today, while still showing its rather American roots, it has become so well established. Rock “ n” roll an

47、d all its variations, country & western music, all have more or less similar histories. They were first resisted, often on America as well, as being “ low-class, a” nd then as “ ad anger to our nation syouth. ” 45). And then the music became accepted and wasextended and was extended and develope

48、d, and exported back to the U.S. A) As a result, its American origins and roots are often quickly forgotten.“ happy birthday to you, ” for instance, is such an everyday song that its source, its American copyright, so to speak, is not remembered.B) But this theory fails to explain why American films

49、, music, and television, programs are so popular in themselves.C) American in origin, informal clothing has become the world s first truly universal style.D) The BBC, for example, banned rock and roll until 1962.E) American food has become popular around the world too.F) This spirit is variously des

50、cribed as being young and free, optimistic and confident, informal and disrespectful.G) It is hardly surprising that the public concern contributes a lot tothe spread of their culture.Passage 6Albert Einstein, whose theories on space time and matter helped unravel the secrets of the atom and of the

51、universe, was chosen as “ Person of the Century by Time magazine on Sund. ayA man whose very name is synonymous with scientific genius, Einstein has come to represent more than any other person the flowering of 20th century scientific thought that set the stage for the age of technology.“ The world

52、has changed far more ni the past 100 years than in any other century in history. The reason is not political or economic, but technological-technologies that flowed directly from advances in basic science, w” rote theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking in a time essay explaining Einstein s significan

53、ce. 41) .Time chose as runner-up President Franklin Roosevelt to represent the triumph of freedom and democracy over fascism, and Mahatma Gandhi as an icon for a century when civil and human rights became crucial factors in global politics.“ What we saw was Franklin Roosevelt embodying the great the

54、me of freedom s fight against totalitarianism , Gandhi personifying the great theme of individual struggling for their rights, and Einstein being both a great genius and a great symbol of a scientific revolution that brought with it amazing technological advances that helped expand the growth of fre

55、edom, ” said Time Magazine Editor Walter Isaacson.Einstein was born in Ulm , Germany in 1879. 42) .Hecould not stomach organized learning and loathed taking exams.In 1905, however, he was to publish a theory which stands as one of the most intricate examples of human imagination in history. 43) . Ev

56、erything elsemass, weight, space, even time itselfis a variable. And he offered the world his now famous equation: energy equals mass times the speed of light squared -E=mc244) .45) . Einstein did not work on the project. Einstein diedin Princeton, New Jersey in 1955.A) “ Indirectly, relativity pave

57、d the way for a new relativism in morality, art and politics,” Isaacson wrote in an essay ex plsa ining Timechoices. ” There was less faith in absolutes, not of time and space but also of truth and morality.in” Es infasmteous equation was also the seed thatled to the development of atomic energy and

58、 weapons. In 1939, six years after he fled European fascism and settled at Princeton University, Einstein, an avowed pacifist, signed a letter to President Roosevelt urging the United States to develop an atomic bomb before Nazi Germany did.B) How he thought of the relativity theory influenced the g

59、eneral public s view about Albert Einstein.C) “ Clearly, no scientist better represents those advances than Albert Einstein. ”D) Roosevelt heeded the advice and formed the“ Manhattan Projectthat secretly developed the first atomic weapon.E) In his early years, Einstein did not show the promise of what h