2012高考英語復(fù)習(xí)：高考英語詞匯400題及詳解（一）

1、1. In this factory, suggestions often have to wait for months before they are fully _.A.admitted B.acknowledged  C.absorbed  D.considered答案 D. considered注釋 considered 考慮; admit 承認(rèn); absorb 吸收。注意acknowledge 1) (=agree or admit the truth of; confess) 承認(rèn), 供認(rèn); A. He acknowledged his mistake. (他

2、承認(rèn)了他的錯(cuò)誤。) B. 接動(dòng)名詞 He acknowledged having been beaten. (他承認(rèn)被打敗了。) 2) (express thanks for) 致謝; A. Mary acknowledged the gift with a pleasant letter. (瑪麗致函感謝饋贈(zèng)的禮物。) B. His long service with the company was acknowledged with a present. (向他贈(zèng)送禮品以感謝他長期來對(duì)公司的服務(wù)。)2. The boy slipped out of the room and headed

3、for the swimming pool without his parents' _.A. command   B. conviction   C. consent  D. compromise答案 C. consent注釋 consent 同意, 贊成, 答應(yīng)。conviction 深信, 確信。compromise 妥協(xié), 折中。command 命令, 指令; 掌握, 運(yùn)用能力。3. Our research has focused on a drug which is so _ as to be able to change

4、brain chemistry.A. powerful B. influential   C. monstrous  D. vigorous答案 A. powerful注釋 powerful (=having or producing great power) 強(qiáng)有力的。在這里四個(gè)形容詞中, 只有powerful (有效力的) 可與表示藥物的名詞搭配。influential 有影響的, 有勢(shì)力的, monstrous 異常大的, vigorous 精力旺盛的, 強(qiáng)健有力的。4. The lost car of the Lees was found _ in the

5、 woods off the highway.A. vanished  B. abandoned  C. scattered  D. rejected答案 B. abandoned注釋 abandoned (=give up completely) 放棄, 拋棄; 1) The scientist abandoned his research for lack of fund. 2) The sailors abandoned the burning ship注意abandon 暗指某人對(duì)其所拋棄的人或物將會(huì)發(fā)生什么事情不感興趣, 如把撞壞的汽車拋棄在路旁。van

6、ish (=suddenly disappear; go out of existence) vi.消失, 絕跡; 1) The airplane vanished into the clouds.2) Many kinds of animals have vanished form the earth. (許多種類的動(dòng)物以在地球上絕跡。)   scatter (=send, go in different direction) 驅(qū)使, 使分散; The police scattered the crowed. (警察驅(qū)散人群。) (=throw or put in var

7、ious directions) 撒, 到處放; He scattered his clothes all over the room. reject (=refuse to accept) 拒絕接受; She rejected my suggestion5. Henry's news report covering the conference was so _ that nothing had been omitted.A.understanding   B.comprehensibleC.comprehensive   D.understa

8、ndable答案 C. comprehensive.注釋 comprehensive 完全的無所不包的; comprehensible 能懂的, 可以理解的; understandable 可以理解的, 主要用來指人的行為。understanding 用來指人時(shí), 表示"善于理解別人或別人問題的 (人) 。"注意下面的搭配：a comprehensive map (街區(qū)詳圖) ; a comprehensible remark (聽得懂的話) ,an understandable mistake (可以理解的錯(cuò)誤) ; an understanding friend (一位

9、能理解人的朋友) 。6. She was afraid that unless the train speeded up she would lose her _ to Scotland.A. ticket    B. place    C. seat    D. connection答案 D. connection注釋 lose one's connection to 誤了到.地方去的 (汽車、火車、輪船的) 聯(lián)運(yùn); The train was late and I missed my conn

10、ection.7. The ship was _ in a storm off Jamaica.A. drowned    B. sunk   C. wrecked   D. submitted答案 C. wrecked注釋 wreck vt. 撞壞, 毀壞; 1) My son wrecked my car. 2) My car was completely wrecked in the accident.sink vt. 下沉, 沉沒, 該動(dòng)詞也可作及物動(dòng)詞用, 意為“使下沉”, 但按本題句意看, 用被動(dòng)語態(tài)不妥。 dr

11、own 溺死, 淹死： (vt.) He drowned his wife. (vi) He drowned in the river. (他在河里淹死了。) submit 1) (=put oneself under the control of another) 提交, 呈送 (to) ： Should a wife submit herself to her husband? (妻子應(yīng)順從他丈夫嗎？) 2) (=put forward for option, discussion, decision ect.) 提出 (供評(píng)論、討論決定等) You must submit your re

12、quest to the committee. 3) (=surrender (to) , give in) 屈服,投降：After being defeated, they submitted to the enemy. (打敗后, 他們向敵人投降了。)8. No one has _ been able to trace the author of the poem.A. still   B. yet   C. already   D. just答案 B. yet注釋 yet 常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句中, 意為“尚, 還”。9. M

13、ore than one-third of the Chinese in the United States live in California, _ in San Francisco.A. previouslyB. predominantlyC practicallyD. permanently答案 B. predominantly.注釋 predominantly (=mostly; mainly) 主要地。 previously (=coming earlier in time or order) 先前, 早先; This is better than any solution pre

14、viously. (這個(gè)辦法比以前提出的任何解決辦法都好。) practically (=really; in a practical way) 實(shí)際上。permanently (=going on for a long time) 永久地。本題譯文：在美國, 華人中有三分之一居住在加利福尼亞洲, 其中主要是在舊金山。10. The new secretary has written a remarkably _ report only in a few pages but with all the details.A. concise   B. clear &#

15、160; C. precise   D. elaborate答案 A. concise.注釋 concise (=brief; giving much information in few words) 簡明扼要的：He gave a concise report of the meeting. (他對(duì)會(huì)議作了簡明扼要的報(bào)道。) clear 清楚的。precise (=exact; correctly stated; free form error) 精確的, 明白無誤的; Please tell me the precise measurements. (請(qǐng)告訴我精確的尺

16、寸。) elaborate (=worked out with much care; carefully prepared) 精心制作的, 豐盛的：Peter worked out an elaborate scheme for raising the money. (彼得制定了一項(xiàng)詳盡得計(jì)劃來籌集著筆款項(xiàng)。) 孤立地看, 似乎4個(gè)形容詞均能修飾report, 但從句子的邏輯關(guān)系看, 后半句中有only in a few pages but with all the details, 故concise 是最貼切的選擇了。11. The managing director took the _

17、for the accident, although it was not really his fault.A. guilt    B. charge    C. blame   D. accusatio答案 C. blame.注釋take the blame for 對(duì).承擔(dān)責(zé)任。Take charge of 負(fù)責(zé)管理 (照顧) 。注意charge 前無冠詞the.12. The worker agreed to _ the strike if the company would satisfy their d

18、emands.A. call for    B. call forth    C. call off    D. call up 答案 C. call off      注釋 詳見III,25,26注釋。13. I could just see a car in the distance, but I couldn't _ what color it was.A. look out  B. make out   C.

19、get across   D. take after答案 B. make out      注釋 詳見III,123注釋。14. He has impressed his employers considerably and _ he is soon to be promoted.A. eventually    B. yet    C. finally    D. accordingly答案 D. accordingly.注釋acco

20、rdingly (=for that reason, therefore) 因此, 所以。15. It was a great _ for him to be pleasant to people he didn't like.A. attempt    B. trouble   C. power    D. effort答案 D. effort.注釋 effort (作可數(shù)名詞用) (=vigorous attempt) 努力的嘗試：Does it require a great effort of wi

21、ll to give up smoking? (戒煙需要堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的毅力嗎？)16. The firemen managed to _ the fire in time.A. extinguish    B. prevent    C. suppress    D. ruin答案 A. extinguish.注釋 extinguish (=put out) vt. 撲滅 (火焰等) 。Stop the fire雖然也可以搭配, 但按本句題意用extinguish為最佳。17. What is most obvi

22、ous in this book are all those details of daily living which make Mrs. Richard _ common.A. nothing butB. anything butC. above all D.rather than答案 B. anything but.注釋 anything but (=far from being) 根本不; The boys knew they bad broken the rules, and they were anything but happy when they were called to

23、the office. (=They were unhappy and afraid.) nothing but 只不過; Don't have him for a friend; he's nothing but a criminal. (不要把他當(dāng)朋友, 他只不過是個(gè)罪犯。) I have nothing but two dollars. (我只有2美元。) above all最重要的。rather than 而不是18. The car was completely _ and the driver seriously injured.A. broken off B. t

24、aken off C. written off D. picked up答案 C. written off.注釋 write off報(bào)廢, 參看III, 200.注釋; break off參看III.13.注釋; take off參看III.170.注釋; pick up參看III.130,129.注釋。19. On this happy occasion, I'd like to say that we are _ much obliged to you for your kind cooperation.A. even so   B. ever so 

25、  C. as yet   D. so far答案 B. ever so.注釋ever so (=very) 非常; It's ever so cold.與名詞搭配時(shí)則用ever such, 如：She's ever such a nice girl. (她是一位非常好的姑娘。) even so (=although that is true, nevertheless; still) 即使如此：The fire was out, but even so, the smell of smoke was strong. (=The fire was

26、out, but the smell was still there.)20. His new appointment takes _ from the beginning of next month.A. place    B. effect   C. post    D. office、答案 B. effect.  注釋take effect 生效。21. The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and _ him of speeding.

27、A. charged    B. accused    C. blamed    D. deprived答案 B. accused.注釋accuse sb. of. 控告某人犯有., warn sb. of警告、告戒某人有.deprive sb. of sth.剝奪某人某事。charge sb. with murder (指控某人犯有殺人罪) 。22. Mr. Smith gradually _ a knowledge of the subject.A. attained   

28、; B. achieved    C. required    D. acquired答案 D. acquired.注釋acquired (=gain for oneself by skill or ability, by one's own efforts or behavior) (由技術(shù)、能力、努力或行為) 獲得; 得到：He has acquired a good command of English language. (他已精通英語。) achieve, vt. 取得 (勝利、成功等) , 實(shí)現(xiàn) (目標(biāo)、目的等)

29、。 attain, vt. 達(dá)到 (目的等) , 取得 (成就等) ：1) I hope you will attain your object. (我希望你會(huì)達(dá)到你的目的。) 2) He attained success through hard work. 23. This is the _ piano on which the composer created some of his greatest works.   A. actual    B. genuine    C. real  

30、;  D. original答案 A. actual   注釋本題中actual (=existing in fact, not imaginary) 實(shí)際使用過的。actual, read, genuine是同義詞, 有時(shí)可以互換, 如：an actual (or real) event in history, (歷史上的真實(shí)事件) , real (or genuine) banknotes (真鈔票), 其反義詞是false (假的) ; original (原來的) , 其反義詞是duplicate (復(fù)制的) 。從不同的角度看, 似乎任何一個(gè)選擇都說得過去

31、, 但按照題意選A. actual 最佳, 因?yàn)轭}中強(qiáng)調(diào)的不是鋼琴的真假, 而是指作曲家“實(shí)際使用過的”。本題譯文：這是作曲家創(chuàng)作他的一些杰出作品時(shí)實(shí)際使用過的那臺(tái)鋼琴。24. My camera can be _ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.   A. treated    B. adopted    C. adjusted    D. remedied答案 C. adjusted.注釋adjust (=arrange

32、, put in order or agreement; make suitable or convenient for use) 強(qiáng)調(diào), 調(diào)節(jié), 使適應(yīng); The body adjusts itself to change of temperature. (身體能自行調(diào)節(jié)以適應(yīng)溫度的變化。) My eyes have not been adjusted to dark yet. (我的眼睛還沒有適應(yīng)黑暗。) 本句中adjust是不及物動(dòng)詞。I must adjust my watch. It's slow. (我必須調(diào)一下我的表。它走得慢了。)25. According to the

33、 psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, wisdom comes from the _ of maturity.   A. fulfillment      B. achievement   C. establishment    D. accomplishment答案 B. achievement注釋achievement (=something successfully finished or gained especially through ski

34、ll and hard work) 取得, 達(dá)到, 成就。例如：achievement age智力成熟年齡。fulfilment (=the act of fulfilling or condition of being fulfilled) 履行, 實(shí)行。如：He was willing to face any hardship in fulfilment of his duties. (他愿意迎向困難去履行他得職責(zé)。) establishment 建立,建設(shè)。Accomplishment (順利) 完成：It was a great accomplishment to finish the

35、 house cleaning in two days. (兩天內(nèi)打掃完這棟屋子是件很了不起的事。)26. The number of tickets _ will be determined by the size of the stadium.A. adaptable B. acceptable  C. advisable  D. available答案 D. available.注釋 available. (=capable of being used; that may be obtained) 可用的, 有效的, 可得到的。例如：1) There are no d

36、octors available in the remote areas. (在邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)沒有大夫。) 2) There tickets are available for on month. (這些票有效期一個(gè)月。)acceptable 可以接受的：None of the suggestions was acceptable. advisable 明智的, 可取的, 適當(dāng)?shù)模篒 think it advisable that he be assigned to the job. (我認(rèn)為指派他干這項(xiàng)工作是可取的。) adaptable 能適應(yīng)的：He is an adaptable man a

37、nd will soon learn the new work.27. Too many hotels have been built and this has _ prices, making holidays cheaper.   A. cut short    B. cut out    C. cut off    D. cut down答案 D. cut down.注釋 cut down 參閱III,38注釋。28. He is a very honest official a

38、nd never _ any gifts from the people who sought his help.   A. accepted    B. received    C. took up    D. excepted答案 A. accepted注釋 receive 收到, 接到, 指“收, 接”這一動(dòng)作; 而accept 是經(jīng)過考慮“接受”下來, 表示當(dāng)事人的態(tài)度, 如：I received the present, but I did not accept it. (我

39、收到了這件禮物, 但我沒有接受。)29. He was not _ to the club because he wasn't a member.A. allowed  B. admitted  C. permitted  D. approved答案 B. admitted.注釋 admit sb. to (=allow sb. or sth. to enter; let in) 允許某人某物進(jìn)入; 讓.進(jìn)入：1) Children are not admitted. (兒童免進(jìn)。) Only one hundred boys are admitted t

40、o the school the school every year. (這所學(xué)校每年只收100名男生。) admit (=acknowledge; confess) 承認(rèn), 供認(rèn)：1) We have to admit that he is a highly competent man. (我們不得不承認(rèn)他是一位能力很強(qiáng)的人。) 2) The thief admitted his crime. 3) She admitted having read the letter, 4) I admit breaking the window. 注意admit后可接動(dòng)名詞的一般式或完成式。5) We

41、must admit the task to be difficult。注意admit也可以接復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。allow和permit后均可接sb. to do sth., 故不合本題題意。approve sth. 批準(zhǔn); approve of doing sth. (=think well of) 贊成, 贊許：1) I am afraid they won't approve of your going there. (恐怕他們不會(huì)贊成你去那里的。) 2) I don't approve of your way of looking at things. (我不贊同你看待事情的方

42、法。)30. Although he doesn't like that law, he will _ with it. A. confine    B. conform    C. comply    D. contend 答案 C. comply    注釋 comply with 遵守。31. Motorists _ of speeding may be banned from driving for a year. A. convicted 

43、0;  B. arrested    C. charged    D. judged答案 A. convicted.注釋be convicted to 被判有. (罪) ：He was convicted of murder. (他被法院判有謀殺罪。)32. The reason why he adapted to the new situations quickly is that he has a _ attitude.A. changeable  B. alternate  C. movable&#

44、160; D. flexible答案 D. flexible.注釋 flexible 靈活的, 可變通的; We need a foreign policy that is more flexible.33. Will all those _ the proposal raise their hands?   A. in relation to    B. in excess of   C. in contrast to    D. in favor of答案 D. in favor of.注釋

45、 in favor of 贊成。in excess of 超過。in relation to 關(guān)系到。in contrast to 與.相對(duì)照。例如：1) Everyone in the class voted in favor of the party. (=All of the children voted to have a party.)2) We got $5000 in excess of the fixed sum. (我們盯定額多收入5000美元。)3) This appears small in contrast to (with) that. (這個(gè)同那個(gè)對(duì)比起來顯得小了。

46、)4) I have a lot to say in relation to that affair. (我對(duì)那件事有許多話要說。)5) We must plan in (with) relation to the future. (我們定計(jì)劃時(shí)要考慮到將來。)本題譯文：請(qǐng)所有贊成此項(xiàng)建議的人舉手。34. An early typewriter produced letters quickly and neatly; the typist, _ couldn't see his work on his machine.A. however    B. th

47、erefore    C. yet    D. although答案 A. however.注釋 however 然而。本題譯文：早期的打字機(jī)打起字來又快又整齊, 然而打字員不能看著機(jī)器鍵盤打字。35. We are interested in the weather because it _ us so directly - what we wear, what we do, and even how we feel.A. benefits    B. guides   

48、C. affects    D. effects答案 C. affects.注釋 affect (=have an influence or effect on) 影響：The climate affected his health. (氣候影響損害了他的健康。)注意affect vt. 影響。effect n. (=influent) 影響, 作用：Some films have a misleading effect on children. effect vt. (=bring about) 實(shí)行, 進(jìn)行, 產(chǎn)生.后果:1) I will effect my

49、 purpose: no-one shall stop me! 2) We hope to effect an improvement. (我們希望能引起改進(jìn)。)注意兩個(gè)常用的習(xí)語:1) to that effect 那個(gè)意思的 (話) ：She said she hated spinach, or words to that effect. (她說她不喜歡吃菠菜或那個(gè)意思的話。) 2) to the effect that. 意思時(shí)說, 表示下述意思：I said a few words the effect that all he had told us was already well

50、known. (我說了幾句話, 意思是說他告訴我們的一切都已眾所周知。)36. I can meet you at eight o'clock; _ you can call for me.   A. incidentally     B. actually   C. alternatively    D. accordingly答案 C. alternatively注釋alternatively (=as an alternative) 作為一個(gè)替代辦法：If however

51、 is used, but is not needed; or alternatively omit however. (如果使用however,就不需要but;或者作為一個(gè)替代辦法省去however。)注意alternately 和 alternatively的區(qū)別:alternately (交替地) ：At a Chinese dinner, the guests and the hosts sit alternately at a round table.37. He has the _ of an athlete: he really goes all out to win.A. in

52、stants B. instances C. instincts  D. intelligences答案 C. instincts.注釋 instinct 天生的本領(lǐng)。instant n. 瞬間, 時(shí)刻; adj. 立即的, 直接的。如：instant coffee 速溶咖啡; instant food (s) 方便食品。例如：Spaceships are stocked with a variety of instant foods. (宇宙飛船上備有各種個(gè)樣的方便食品。)38. A university is an educational institution which _

53、degrees and carries out research.   A. rewards    B. awards    C. grants    D. presents答案 B. awards.注釋awards sb. sth. 授于某人某物。如：They awarded John the first prize. (他們授于約翰一等獎(jiǎng)。)對(duì)比：reward sb with sth. 以某物酬謝某人, 須加介詞with; They rewarded the boy with $5

54、 for bringing back the lost dog. (他們給這男孩5美元酬謝他把丟失的狗找回來。) grant (=consent to give or allow what is asked for) 同意 (給予) , 答應(yīng) (請(qǐng)求) ：The firm granted him a pension. (公司同意給予他退休金。) present sb. with sth. 贈(zèng)送：Our class presented the school with a picture. (我們班給學(xué)校送了一幅畫。) present 頒發(fā), 呈遞：1) The principal will pr

55、esent the diplomas. (校長將頒發(fā)文憑。) 2) We shall present a complete report to the Annual Conference. (我們將向年會(huì)遞交一份全面的報(bào)告。)本題句意是：大學(xué)是授予學(xué)位和進(jìn)行研究的教育機(jī)構(gòu)?？梢? 本題應(yīng)選award.39. The old lady can't hope to _ her cold in a few days.   A. get over    B. get off    C. hold back 

56、;   D. hold up答案 A. get over   注釋 參閱III,55注釋。40. Jim's plans to go to college _ at the last moment.A. fell out B. gave away  C. gave off    D. fell through 答案 D. fell through，未能實(shí)現(xiàn)      注釋 參閱III,49注釋。41. The Department is also deepl

57、y _ in various improvement schemes.A. connected    B. included    C. involved    D. implied答案 C. involved.注釋be involved in 參與。Be included in 包括在.中。42. Keys should never be hidden around the house since thieves _ know where to look.A. virtually B. variousl

58、y  C. unavoidably  D. invariably答案 D. invariably.注釋invariably 總是, 不變地。Virtually 事實(shí)上, 實(shí)際上。unavoidably不可避免地。43. The boy had a _ escape when he ran across the road in front of the bus.A. close    B. short    C. narrow    D. fine答案 C. narrow.  注釋have a narrow escape 幸免遇難。44. Do you mind if I _ with my work while you are getting tea ready. A. get through