(word完整版)高中狀語(yǔ)從句導(dǎo)學(xué)案

1、狀語(yǔ)從句13思維導(dǎo)圖易考易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)總結(jié) 狀語(yǔ)從句包括時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句、原因狀 語(yǔ)從句、 目的狀語(yǔ)從句和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。 對(duì)狀語(yǔ)從句的考查主要集中在連接詞上， 尤其要重 視 as, until, before, since, when, in case 等連詞的各種語(yǔ)義功能和語(yǔ)法功能。具體來(lái)說(shuō)主要包 括： 1考查狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。要掌握各個(gè)連詞的含義及其用法，還有它們之間的區(qū)別。如：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的連詞有 while, when ，as，as soon as，until ，not until ，before, after, since 等；條件狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有 if ，

2、 unless, in case, on condition that, provided (that), supposing, suppose (that)等；結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有 so that(如此以至于 ), such that(如此以 至于 )等。2考查固定搭配和習(xí)慣用法的連接詞。如：no soonerthan，hardlywhen，scarcelybefore，the moment/minute ，directly 。 3考查不同性質(zhì)的連詞在不同的語(yǔ)境中所表達(dá)的不同意義。如： as既能引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，又能引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；where 能引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句等。

3、4考查狀語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)。 主要考查在時(shí)間、 條件、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)及用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去 將來(lái)時(shí)的用法。5考查狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。在時(shí)間、原因、條件、方式、讓步等狀語(yǔ)從句中，常常省略相同的主語(yǔ)或作主語(yǔ)的代詞it 以及 be動(dòng)詞，保留現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式等成分。如果從句中有“it is形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，也可以省略it is。6考查狀語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、簡(jiǎn)單句和并列句的句式結(jié)構(gòu)。如： when 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候” ，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句意為“什么時(shí)候” ； if 引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句意為“如果” ，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句意為“是否”等。一狀語(yǔ)含義：修飾 _詞、 詞、 詞或 ，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作或

4、狀態(tài)特征的句子成分 .二狀語(yǔ)從句：在主從復(fù)合句中做狀語(yǔ)的從句。結(jié)構(gòu)為：句子+引導(dǎo)詞作狀語(yǔ)。如：He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. 三狀語(yǔ)從句分類(lèi)： 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句 原因狀語(yǔ)從句 條件狀語(yǔ)從句 目的狀語(yǔ)從句 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 方式狀語(yǔ)從句 比較狀語(yǔ)從句 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句名 稱(chēng)常用連詞時(shí)間When, while, as,as soon as, hardly when, no sooner than, scarcely.w since(自從),once,whenever, before, after ,till

5、, until, the moment(the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly,instantly,),by the time, every time, each time, as long as(=so long as)地點(diǎn)Where, wherever條件If, unless, once(一旦就),in case(that)(萬(wàn)一) ,so long as(as long as),on condition that ,as far as(so far as)原因Because, since既( 然),now th

6、at, as , ,seeing that看( 到 ),considering that(考 慮到)結(jié)果Such(a, an) that, so that, so, so that, that目的So that in order that, for fear that, in case(以防，以免)讓步Though, although, as, ever if= even though, whatever, whenever, wherever, however, whichever, whoever, whomever, no matter what, no matter when, no

7、matter where, no matter how no matter which, no matter who, no matter whom, whether or not= whethero不r n管ot( 與否 )比較Asas, not so/as as, more than, less than方式As, just as, as if=as though練習(xí)題1. While I was walking along the street, I found many beatiful buildings ( )2. Where there is a will, there is a

8、 way. ()3. Now that/Since everybody is here, le't s begin our meeting. ()4. I'll speak slowly so that you can understand me. ()5. So clever was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems. ( )6. As long as you don't lose heart, you' ll succeed. ()7. Try as he might, he

9、 could not find a job. ()8. The old lady treats the boy as if he were his own son. ()9. He is taller than I am.(一 . 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句常用 1)When, while, as, 2)as soon as, hardlywhen/before , no soonerthan, scarcely.when,whenever3)since(自從 ),once, before, after ,till, until,4) the moment(the minute, the sec

10、ond, the instant, the day,the year ,)by the time, every time, each time,next time，any time . the first time ,the second time 5) immediately, instantly，directly), 等詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)。例如：It was raining hard I got to school yesterday. he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. he walked along the lake, he sang h

11、appily.He had learned a little Chinese he came to China. he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.He was ill I saw him.No sooner had she heard the news he cried.1. 連接詞 when 的用法小結(jié)1) when 可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以 是 ，也可以是 的。如： the film ended, they went back. I lived there, I used to

12、 go to the seashore on Sundays.2) . When 常用于下列句式：意為“就在那時(shí)”。如：was doing somethingwhenwas about to dowhenwas on the point of doing sth. whenhad donewhen3) when 可以表“既然”，如：How can I help them to understand they wo'n t listen to me?練習(xí)題 -填空1.We were swimming in the lake suddenly the storm started.2. He

13、 was about to tell me the secret someone patted him on the shoulder.3. He transplanted the little tree to the garden it was the best time for it.4. Did Jack come back early last night? Yes. It was not yet eight o'clock he arrived home.5. He was about halfway through his meal a familiar voice cam

14、e to his ears.2. 連接詞 while 的用法小結(jié)1. while 可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，意為“ ”；引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作必須是 _，如：Please don' t talk so loud others are working.2. while 作為并列連詞，意為“ ”，表示對(duì)比。Jane was dressed in brown Mary was dressed in blue.3. while也可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)，意為“ ”；相當(dāng)于 _ I admit that the problems are difficult , I don 't agree that they

15、can' t be solved.4 趁的情況趕緊做 , 否則來(lái)不及了Strike the iron is hot.練習(xí)1. The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, the quality oflife is probably one of the highest.A. sinceB. when C. as D. while2. I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.A. WhileB. Since C. Befor

16、e D. Unless3. it is true that a student's most important goal is to do well in his or herstudies, it doesn't need to be the only goal.A when B As C While D Before4. Mary made coffeeher guests were finishing their meal.全（ 國(guó) ）A. so thatB. althoughC. while D. as if3. as用法小結(jié)1. 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：強(qiáng)調(diào)同時(shí)發(fā)生或緊接

17、著發(fā)生，動(dòng)作無(wú)先后。當(dāng)時(shí)候 一邊一邊 隨著2. 引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句： 3. 引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句： _4. 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句： , 必須用 5. 引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句： as as6. 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句： 7. 介詞： 練習(xí)題猜測(cè)詞義， as 用法小結(jié)1. As I left the house, I forgot the key.2. As I get older, I get more optimistic.3. He hurried home, looking behind as he went.4. As the weather is so bad, we have to stay home.5.

18、You can do it as you like.6. Old as he is, he is still energetic.7. He speaks English as fluently as a native speaker.4.比較 while, when, as類(lèi)別作用例句asas 表示 “當(dāng) 的時(shí)候 ”，往往和 when/ while 通用， 但它著重強(qiáng)調(diào)主 句與從句的動(dòng)作或事情同時(shí)或幾 乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。She came up as I was cooking.（ 同時(shí) ） The runners started as the gun went off.（ 幾乎同時(shí) ）when(a

19、t or during the time that ) 既可以表 示在某一點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，又可表示在某 一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，主句與從句的動(dòng)作或 事情可以同時(shí)發(fā)生也可以先后發(fā) 生。It was raining when we arrived.（ 指時(shí) 間點(diǎn)）When we were at school, we went to the library every day.（ 在一段時(shí)間內(nèi) ）whilewhile 意思是 “當(dāng) 的時(shí)候 ”或 “在 某一段時(shí)間里 ”。主句中的動(dòng)作或事Please don ' t talk so loud while others are working.情在從句中的動(dòng)作或事

20、情的進(jìn)展 過(guò)程中發(fā)生，從句中的動(dòng)詞一般要 用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。在 when 表示 a period of time 時(shí)，兩者可以互換。He fell asleep while/when reading. Strike while the iron is hot.（用 as 或 when 不可，這里的 while 意思是 “趁”）注意事項(xiàng)：a. as, when 引導(dǎo)短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞。例如：Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to m我e. 一剎車(chē)， 有 一個(gè)人向我走來(lái)。b. 當(dāng)從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生于主句動(dòng)作之前，只能用 wh

21、en 引導(dǎo)這個(gè)從句，不可 用 as 或 while 。例如：When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.c. 從句表示 "隨時(shí)間推移 " 連詞能用 as，不用 when 或 while。例如： As the day went on, the weather got worse. 日子一天天過(guò)去， 天氣越變?cè)綁摹?練習(xí)題 -用 while, when, as 填空： I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of the stor

22、e. John arrived, I was cooking lunch. he grew older, he lost interest in everything except gardening. How can he get good grades he won 't study? （ 他不好好學(xué)習(xí)卻能得高分， 他是怎么做到的？ When 表示雖然 ） I was wandering through the street I caught sight of a tailor ' s shop. the grandparents love the children, th

23、ey are strict with them.對(duì)比練習(xí) 1. We were about to leave it began to rain.2. She thought I was talking about her son, , in fact, I was talking about my son.3. Hardly had I finished my composition the bell rang.A. whenB. while C. as D. during5. 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞除上述外還有：till, until 和 not until1.until/till 從句用

24、于肯定句時(shí)，主句的動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)作，意為“ ”。如： We waiteduntil/till he came.2用于否定句時(shí)，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，意為“ ”。如： He won ' t go tobed until her father returns.3 till 不可以置于句首，而 until 可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it.4not until 句型中的強(qiáng)調(diào)和倒裝說(shuō)法：It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.Not until you told m

25、e did I have any idea of it. 練習(xí)題1. Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?Yes. He had never praised him he became one of the top students inhis grade.A. after B. unless C. until D. when2. (03 上海) A good storyteller must be able to hold listeners ' curiosity hereaches the end o

26、f the story.A. when B. unless C. after D. until3. It was not she took off her dark glasses I realized she was a famousfilm star.A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then6. 連接詞 before 的小結(jié)說(shuō)出 before 含義1 We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.2 We hadn't run a mil

27、e before he felt tired.3 Please write it down before you forget it.4 Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.before 的有關(guān)句型1) It will be/ 段時(shí)間 before“還要過(guò)多久才”It will be two years before he leaves the country.2) It was +時(shí)間段 +before 從句 (動(dòng)作已發(fā)生)It was three weeks before he came back3) It will not b

28、e long before “不多久就會(huì)”It won' t be long before she comes back4) It was not long before“不多久就了”如： It wasn't long before he left the country.5) It is時(shí)間 since如：It is three years since she was in the army.It is three years since she joined the army.7. since 的用法1) . I have returned home four times

29、since I came here.2) . She has been working here since he left school.3) . I have seen her twice since he lived here.4) . It is three years since the war broke out.5) . It was years since I had seen her.譯： 總結(jié)：It is +some time + since + did.It was +some time + since+ had done.練習(xí)題1. He made a mistake,

30、 but then he corrected the situation it got worse.A. untilB. whenC. before D. as2. Scientists say it may be five or six years it is possible to test this medicineon human patients.A. since B. after C. before D. when3. Why didn' t you tell him about the meeting? He rushed out of the roomI could s

31、ay a word.A. beforeB. until C. when D. after4. It is almost five years we saw each other last time.A. beforeB. since C. after D. Because對(duì)比練習(xí)1. It will be years we meet again.2. It is ten years I came to this town.3. It is ten years ago I came to this town.A. whenB. thatC. beforeD. since8. hardly / s

32、carcely W/bheefonre , no sooner than, as soon表 as示 “一 就 ”， once（一旦 ）.如果 hardly 或 no sooner 或 scarcely 置于句首，句子必須倒裝。Hardly /scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. I have finished it , I'll give you a call. you show any fear, he will attack you.We had hardly got into the country it began to

33、 rain.=when it began to rain.用部分倒裝 ）No sooner had he arrived / He had no sooner arrived she started complaining.9. directly, immediately,instantly , the moment, the minute 一就 He made for the door he heard the knock.10. 一些含有 time 的名詞短語(yǔ)，如 the first /second/last time,every time, each time, next time, b

34、y the time 等，也可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。The first time I drove the car, I felt very nervous.Next time you come, please bring your composition. 注意：表示未來(lái)情況，主句用將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 在時(shí)間和條件從句中， 主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)， 從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將來(lái) 或者用現(xiàn)在完成表示將來(lái)完成。e.g. We'll go outing if it doesn 't rain tomorrow.I' ll write to you as soon as I ge

35、t to Shanghai.Don't get off the bus until the bus has stopped .練習(xí)題1. Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Yes. I gave it to her I saw her.A. whileB. the moment C. suddenly D. although2. I thought her nice and honest I met her.A. first timeB. for the first timeC. the first timeD.

36、 by the first time3. entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report.A. He hardly hadB. Had he hardlyC. Hardly had heD. Hardly he had二 . 條件狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有 :If “如果” , unless 相當(dāng)于 if not “除非，如果不” , as /so long as只要, in case假 使, 如果, provided/providing( that), 假如 Suppose/supposing( t

37、hat)假, 如, on condition that條件是 As (so) far as - 據(jù)所知 given ( that),鑒于、考慮1.if “如果”，表示正面的條件 .“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陳述句” 在意思上相當(dāng)于 一個(gè)帶有條件狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。例如：Hurry up, or you 'll be late.=If you don't hurry up, you'll be late.Study hard and you will pass the exam.=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.

38、If you work harder,you will succeed.Work harder, you will succeed.Work harder, you won't succeed. harder,you will succeed.2. on condition that, suppose(that), supposing (that)(假如)in case(萬(wàn)一),provided (that), providing (that)倘若)等也可引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。e.g.You may borrow the book, that you do not lend it to o

39、thers. (that)I don 't have a day off, what shall ？we do (that) there is no opposition, I will act as the representative of our school. 練習(xí)題1. I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.A. Because B. As far as C. If D. Even if2.I always take something to read when I go

40、to the docto'r s I have to wait.Ain caseBso thatCin order Das if三. 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞有 though, although ，even though, even if, as( 倒裝),while(盡管)whoever, whatever, however, no matter=what/when/who/how, whether oertc.1) though, although 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，后面的從句不能有 _，但是可和 (and)yet可連用。例如：Although it's raining, th

41、ey are still working in the field.He is very old, but he still works very hard.Though the sore may be healed, yet a scar may remain傷. 口雖愈合，但傷疤留下了。2) as引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)提前(形容詞、副詞、分詞、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提 前)。例如： Child as he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. Though也可以用于倒裝，但其可倒裝可不倒裝。Child though he was, he knew

42、 what was the right thing to do.3) ever if, even though 即使。 例如： Well make a trip even though the weather is bad.4) whether or 不管都。例如： Whether you believe it or not, it is true.5) "no matter +疑問(wèn)詞" 或"疑問(wèn)詞+后綴 ever" 。例如：No matter what happened, he would not mind. =Whatever happened, h

43、e would not mind.替換 no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoever no matter when = whenever no matter where = wherever no matter which = whichever no matter how = however(+形容詞 /副詞 +主 語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)) 注意： no matter 不能引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句。6) while 也可一代讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是 “盡管 ” e.g.While I admit his good points, I can see his

44、shortcomings. 練習(xí)題1. I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.A. WhileB. SinceC. BeforeD. Unless2. Allow children the space to voice their opinions, they are different from yourown.A. until B. even if C. unless D. as though3. He tried his best to solve the problem, _ difficult i

45、t was.A. howeverB. no matter C. whatever D although4. The old tower must be saved, the cost.Ahowever B whatever C whichever D wherever5. English and French are taught here. You can choose you like.A. no matter which B. whicheverD. Whatever對(duì)比練習(xí)1. He would have a look at the bookstores he went to town

46、.2. We decide to finish the work on time, happens.3. If we work with a strong will, we overcome any difficulty, great it is.4. I'll give the book to likes English.A. whenever B. Whoever C. whatever D. however四 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句1.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句常由 so that ,so that或 suchthat 引導(dǎo)。sothat與 suchthat 之間可以轉(zhuǎn)換。例如：The boy is s

47、o young that he cant go to school. =He is such a young boy that he can t go to schoolThere is not much noise here so that I feel very comfortable.2. so that ,such that 的區(qū)別： So為副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞，不能修飾 名詞； such 是形容詞，用來(lái)修飾名詞。常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)有：2) such+ a +adj名詞 +that clause such+(adj)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)3) so +adj./adv. +that clause4) so

48、 + many/few + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 +that clausemuch/little (少) +不可數(shù)名詞e.g.Mike is _ an honest worker that we all believe him.(= Mike is _honest an worker that we all believe him).It is good weather that we all want to go out.He earned little money that he couldn't support himself.It's not surprising that lit

49、tle child can manage it.注意：so that 表 示 目 的 和 結(jié) 果 的 區(qū) 別 ： 目 的 狀 語(yǔ) 從 句 謂 語(yǔ) 常 含 有 can/could/may/might/will/would 等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。They set out early so that they might arrive in time. （）They set out early so that they arrived in time（. ）五.原因狀語(yǔ)從句 引導(dǎo)詞有 because, since, now that,（既然 ） as 和 for 比較 because, since, as和

50、for ：1）because語(yǔ)勢(shì)最強(qiáng)，用來(lái)說(shuō)明人所不知的原因，回答 why 提出的問(wèn)題。當(dāng)原 因是顯而易見(jiàn)的或已為人們所知，就用 as 或 since。例如：I didn t go, because I was afraid.Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.2）由 because引導(dǎo)的從句如果放在句末，且前面有逗號(hào)，則可以用 for 來(lái)代替。 但如果不是說(shuō)明直接原因，而是多種情況加以推斷，就只能用for 。例如：He is absent today, because/ for he is ill. He

51、 must be ill, for he is absent today.3）since 表示對(duì)方已經(jīng)知曉，無(wú)需加以說(shuō)明的原因或事實(shí)，語(yǔ)氣比because弱。I'll do it for you since you are busy.4）now that 意為“既然”，與 since同義，但更突出事實(shí)本身。Now that I am well again, I can go on with my work.5）as表示的往往是十分明顯的原因，聽(tīng)者或讀者已經(jīng)知道或可以看出來(lái)，語(yǔ)氣 較弱，比較口語(yǔ)化。As you object, I'll change my plan.六.目的狀語(yǔ)

52、從句表示目的狀語(yǔ)的從句可以由 so that, in order that, les（t 以防， 免得，以免）, for fear that（以防，免得，以免） , in case（以防，免得，以免）等詞引導(dǎo)。例如：You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all.你 必須大點(diǎn) 聲，別人就能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)了。He wrote the name down for fear that（lest） he should forget it. 他寫(xiě)下了這個(gè) 名字以免以后忘記。a.目的狀語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)常含有 can/could/ma

53、y/might/will/would 等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。 b.連接詞“ in case， lest， for fear that”可以用來(lái)引導(dǎo)虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 其形式通常為： “ lest （in case， for fear that） + 主語(yǔ) + should + 動(dòng)詞原形” 。Lest， for fear that 句中的 should 可以省去， in case 句中的 should 通常不省去，但是 in case 句中可以不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而用陳述語(yǔ)氣。 Lest， for fear that 后面也可以接其他 形式。例如：He took his coat with him in case it

54、 should rain.他帶著雨衣以防下雨。I will not make a noise for fear that I （ should/ might） disturb you.我不會(huì)做聲的， 以免打擾你。Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow（ should） occur.在使用這以方法的時(shí)候要謹(jǐn)慎小心，以免發(fā)生溢流現(xiàn)象七 . 比較狀語(yǔ)從句比較狀語(yǔ)從句通常由 asas, not as/soas,than, the morethe more引導(dǎo)。1) as/soas e.g Tom is as tall as John.

55、 Tom is not so/as tall as John. 注意： as as既可以用于肯定句又可以用于否定句 ; soas只用于否定句。2) than e.g He runs faster than I (run).3) the morethe more e.g The harder he tries, the better result he will get.八 . 方式狀語(yǔ)從句方式狀語(yǔ)從句通常由 as if,; as though; as,（; just） as ,so 引,導(dǎo)。1）as,（ just） as so引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句通常位于主句后， 但在（ just） asso 結(jié)

56、構(gòu)中位于句首，這時(shí) as從句帶有比喻的含義，意思是 " 正如"，" 就像"，多用 于正式文體。例如：Always do to the others as you would be done by.你 希望人家怎樣待你，你就 要怎樣待人。As water is to fish, so air is to man.Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. 2）as if, as though兩者的意義和用法相同，引出的狀語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)多用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表

57、示與事實(shí)相 反，有時(shí)也用陳述語(yǔ)氣，表示所說(shuō)情況是事實(shí)或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可能性較大。漢譯常作 " 仿佛似的"，"好像似的"。例如：They completely ignore these facts as if （as though） they never existed.他們完全忽略了這些事實(shí)，就仿佛它不存在似的。 （與事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)用虛 擬語(yǔ)氣。）He looks as if （as though） he had been hit by lighting.他那樣子就像被雷擊了似的。（與事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。） It looks as if the weathe