甘肅省武威第十八中學(xué)2020-2021學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語+Word版含解析.docx

1、202（）.2021學(xué)年甘肅省武威第十八中學(xué)高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語試題第I卷第一部分閱讀理解（兩節(jié)共20小題，每小題2分，滿分40分）第一節(jié)：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A,B,C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答 題卡上將該項涂黑。（每小題2分，共30分）APOETRY CHALLENGEWrite a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.Prizes3 Grand Prizes:Trip to Washington, D.C. f

2、or each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winners choice. Trip includes round-trip air tickets, hotel stay for two nights, and tours of the National Air and Space Museum and （he office of National Geographic World.6 First Prizes:The book Sky Pioneer:A Photobiography of Amelia Ea

3、rhart signed by author Corinne Szabo and pilot Linda Finch.50 Honorable Mentions:Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earharts final flight.RulesFollow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.Write a poem using 100 words or fewer

4、. Your poem can be any format, any number of lines.Write by hand or type on a single sheet of paper. You may use both the front and back of the paper.On the same sheet of paper, write or type your name, address, telephone number, and birth date. Mail your entry to us by October 31 this year.1. How m

5、any people can each grand prize winner take on the free trip?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Six.2. What will each of the honorable mention winners get?A. A plane ticket.B. A book by Corinne Szabo.C. A special T-shirt.D. A photo of Amelia Earhart.3. Which of the following will result in disqualification?

6、A. Typing your poemout.B. Writing a poem of 120 words.C. Using both sides of the paper.D. Mailing your entry on October 30.【答案】l.A 2.C3. B【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文是一篇詩歌大賽的征稿啟事。文章就參賽作品的內(nèi)容、獎項、參賽規(guī)則等 做了介紹?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們僅坐了幾個小時的火車就到達(dá)了這座美麗城市的中心。A. remote遙遠(yuǎn) 的：B. warm溫暖的：C. beautiful美麗的；D. industrial!業(yè)的。根據(jù)下

7、文對作者和朋友到阿姆斯特丹旅 行的描述可知，這座城市在作者的眼里是很美麗的。故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們一下火車就被令人驚嘆的建筑和如織的運(yùn)河包圍了。A. train火車；B. taxi 出租車：C. boat船；D. flight航班。由上文第3小題信息可知，我和朋友們是坐火車到達(dá)這座城市的。 故選A項。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們一下火車就被令人驚嘆的建筑和如織的運(yùn)河包圍了。A. strange奇怪的：B. modern 現(xiàn)代的；C. low 低的；D. amazing 令人驚嘆的。巾下文中 14 空的 fantastic architecture

8、and canals可知，建筑在作者眼里是令人驚嘆的。故選D項。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:我喜歡住青年旅社。A. regret后悔；B. enjoy喜歡；C. imagine想象；D. miss 想念。下文提到作者認(rèn)為住青年旅社給他提供絕佳的機(jī)會來認(rèn)識世界各地的朋友，由此可以判斷作者是 喜歡住青年旅社的。故選B項?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：住青旅是一個絕佳的機(jī)會來認(rèn)識世界各地的朋友。A. difference不同；B. pity 遺憾；C. decision決定；D. chance機(jī)會。a great chance lo do sth表示“做某事的絕佳機(jī)會”。故選D項。

9、【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：住青旅是一個絕佳的機(jī)會來認(rèn)識世界各地的朋友。還可以和他們分享不同的經(jīng) 歷和文化。A. protect保護(hù)；B. declare宣稱：C. share分享；D. ignore忽視。認(rèn)識朋友之后就可以和他 們分享經(jīng)歷、文化。故選C選項?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：住青旅是一個絕佳的機(jī)會來認(rèn)識世界各地的朋友。還可以和他們分享不同的經(jīng) 歷和文化。A. clothes衣服：B. cultures文化；C. attitude態(tài)度；D. knowledge知識。這里的空格處的詞 和experiences成并列關(guān)系，因為青旅的旅客來自世界各地，所以這里指分享不同

10、的文化。故選B項。31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我和個阿根廷人住一個房間，我們很快就成了朋友。還-起度過了很長段 時間。A. time 時間；B. money 金錢；C. energy 精力；D. effort 努力。根據(jù)本段中的 We stayed in a room with an Argentinian, who we befriended right away . together 可知，作者和朋友跟一個阿根廷人住 同一個房間，大家很快就成為了朋友，還一起度過了很長一段時間（time）。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在旅行期間，我和朋友確保我們最大限度地享受到了

11、阿姆斯特丹能夠給予我們 的一切。A. create 創(chuàng)造；B. teach 教；C. offer提供；D. promise 承諾。根據(jù)空前的 During our stay, we made sure to make the most of what Amsterdam .可知，在旅行期間，作者和朋友確保他們最大限 度地享受到了阿姆斯特丹能夠“給予（offer） ”他們的一切。故選C項。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們乘船穿過了這座城市。A. cily城市；B. country國家；C. field領(lǐng)域、田 地；D. bridge橋梁。前面一句話提到他們要盡情享受阿姆斯特丹的美景，可

12、以判斷這里指他們乘船游覽 整個城市。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們乘船穿過了這座城市，建筑以及河道的美景盡收眼底。A. news新聞；B. expectations 期望；C. views 景色；D. ideas 觀點。根據(jù)本段中的 We took a boat trip through . the fantastic architecture and canals可知，作者和朋友坐著船游覽這座城市，看到了這里建筑以及河道的 美景。故選C項。【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們還參觀了梵高博物館，那里收藏有大量梵高的作品。A. recent最近的：B. huge大

13、量的；C. daily每天的;D. growing增長的。a huge collection of表示“大量的”。故選B項。【36題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我和朋友還參觀了梵高博物館，那里收藏有大量梵高的作品，還有許多他的人 生故事以及另夕I、一些與他交好的藝術(shù)家的作品。A. performance表演；B. life生活；C. team小組；D. progress 進(jìn)步。detail of his life表示“他的生平事跡”。故選B項。【37題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我喜歡的另一段旅行是去參觀安妮弗蘭克博物館，盡管這與一個悲傷的故 事有關(guān)。A. interesting有趣的;

14、B. terrible可怕的；C. crazy瘋狂的；D. sad悲傷的。由下文可知，這個 猶太小姑娘和父母藏在家中兩年，后來納粹發(fā)現(xiàn)了他們，把他們送去了死亡集中營。這是一個令人悲傷的 故事。故選D項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個猶太小姑娘和父母藏在家中兩年，后來納粹發(fā)現(xiàn)了他們，把他們送去了死 亡集中營。A. found發(fā)現(xiàn)；B. served提供、服務(wù)；C. blamed指責(zé)；D. misunderstood誤解。他們藏起來 了，所以納粹應(yīng)該是后來找到了他們?nèi)缓笏偷郊袪I。故選A項?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一段動人的經(jīng)歷，非常值得一看。A. subjecti

15、ve主觀的；B. common 普通的：C. direct直接的；D. moving動人的。市前面對猶太小女孩事跡的描述，可知這次值得一看的經(jīng) 歷是動人的。故選D項?！?0題詳解】 考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：阿姆斯特丹是我最喜歡的城市之一，我希望有一天白己能再回到這里。A. visit 參觀；B. travel旅行；C. relum回來；D. go去。站在作者的角度，他現(xiàn)在在描述自己去阿姆斯特丹的經(jīng) 歷，他希望自己有一天能再來這個城市。有再來的意思只有C項。故選C項。第II卷第二節(jié) 語法填空(給出詞的填詞的正確形式，沒有給出詞的填冠詞，介詞，連詞或副詞。 每空1.5分，共15分。)閱讀下面材料，

16、在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(I個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Christmas is no fun when youre poor. Twenty years ago, I was a young, 41 (struggle) substitute teacher (代課老師)whose calls into work had been few. Money was tight, but bills were due and my wife and I couldnt even afford 42 (get) Christmas gifts for each other. The only gi

17、fts we could get for our children 43 (be) a few soft toys that I had found(sell) at half price in (he supermarket. I opened (he door and broughtin the gifts I had hidden in our old cars trunk. Then I handed them to my son 45 daughter. I watched with a sad smile as they did their best to tear off the

18、 wrapping (包裝)paper. As they pulled out their 46 (toy), though. I noticed their eyes lit up and they jumped up and down. My daughter 47 (happy) hugged her toy and then hugged her mom and me as well. I laughed as I watched my children play with their toys 48 hours, and I thanked God for the 49 (great

19、) gift I had ever been given. Till today I still treasure the gift of pure love50 my son and daughter gave me that day.【答案】41. struggling42. to get 43. were44. sold45. and46. toys47. happily48. for 49. greatest50. that【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。對于沒有錢的人來說，圣誕節(jié)是個非常尷尬的日子，二十多年前，作者因為 財力有限，只能給孩子們買了超市打折的玩具當(dāng)禮物，但是當(dāng)孩子們看

20、到玩具時那歡快的表情卻讓作者心 情立馬愉悅起來。孩子們的笑聲也成了送給作者最好的圣誕禮物。(41題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：二I年前，我是一名年輕的、努力工作的代課老師。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處是做定語， 被修飾名詞teacher與struggle之間是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故填struggling?！?2題詳解】考查短語。句意：手頭很緊，但賬單到期了，我和妻子甚至沒有錢給對方買圣誕禮物。afford to do sth.負(fù)擔(dān) 得起做某事。故填to geto【43題詳解】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：我們能給孩子們的唯一禮物是幾件毛絨玩具，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這些玩具在超市里以半 價出售。句中主語為復(fù)數(shù)名詞gi

21、fts,所以謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。陳述過去的事情，用一般過去時。故填were。【44題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我們能給孩子們的唯-禮物是幾件毛絨玩具，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這些玩具在超市里以半價出 售。句中名詞soft toys與sell之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作定語。故填sold?！?5題詳解】考查連詞。句意：然后我把它們遞給我的兒子和女兒。根據(jù)句意可知，這里用并列連詞and連接兩個名詞。 故填ando【46題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：然而，當(dāng)他們拿出玩具的時候。我注意到他們的眼睛一亮，欣喜若狂。根據(jù)前文中 a few soft toys和形容詞性物主代詞lheir提示可知，用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填toy

22、s。47題詳解】考查副詞。句意：我的女兒高興地抱著她的玩具，然后又抱著她的媽媽和我。修飾副詞hugged,用副詞形 式o故填happilyo【48題詳解】考查介詞。句意：當(dāng)我看著我的孩子們玩了幾個小時的玩具時，我笑了。表示時間的長短用介詞for+時間 段。故填for?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞最高級。句意：我感謝上帝給了我有生以來最好的禮物。根據(jù)句意以及后面出現(xiàn)的ever可以判 斷此處應(yīng)該用形容詞最高級做定語。故填greatesto【50題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：直到今天，我仍然珍惜我的兒子和女兒那天給我的純潔愛的禮物。句中先行詞為the gift of pure love,在定語從句中作gi

23、ve的賓語，指物，所以用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)。故填that。第三部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié) 短文改錯（共10小題:每小題1分，滿分10分）51. 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯 誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（/）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余 詞用斜線（）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1 .每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2. 只允許修改10處，多者（從第II處起）不計分。I have always dreamt ret

24、urning to my childhood. Just as many people say, childhood is the happier time in ones life.I grow up in the countryside. There are many highly mountains, colorful flowers and different kind of trees. Often my parents took me to go hiking and catching insects. My grandma, whose seemed to be full of

25、memories, always shared his stories with me. She told me that I was such gentle and quiet that she never felt worried about me. Now it has been 5 years since （hen she passed away. I still miss her very much!【答案】1. dreamt后加of/about2. happier happiest3. grow grew4. highly high5. kind kinds6. catching

26、catch7. whose who8. his her9. such so10. 去掉 then【解析】【分析】這是-篇記敘文。文章講述了作者關(guān)于童年生活的回憶，也表達(dá)了作者對奶奶的思念?！驹斀狻?.考查固定短語。句意：我一直夢想回到我的童年.句中涉及固定短語“dreamof/about doing sth.” , 意為“夢想做某事”，句中指我一直夢想回到我的童年，符合句意。故在dreamt后加。f/about。2. 考查形容詞最高級。句意：正如許多人所說，童年是一個人一生中最快樂的時光。根據(jù)句中“inoncslifc” 和定冠詞“the”可知，句了應(yīng)用最高級，表示“一生中最快樂的時光”，ha

27、ppy意為“快樂的”，形容詞 詞性，最高級為happiest。故將happier改為happiest。3. 考查時態(tài)。句意：我在鄉(xiāng)下長大。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章在回憶自己的童年生活，故應(yīng)用一般過去時， 動詞要用過去式，“grow叩”意為“長大”，為動詞短語，grow的過去式為grew。故將grow改為grew。4. 考查形容詞。句意：那里有許多高山，五顏六色的花和不同種類的樹。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，mountains 意為“山”，名詞詞性，前面應(yīng)用形容詞修飾,highly意為“非常，高度地”，副詞詞性，對應(yīng)的形容詞 為high,意為“高的”，句中指高山。故將highly改為high。5. 考查固定

28、短語。句意：那里有許多高山，五顏六色的花和不同種類的樹。句中涉及固定短語differentkinds of”，意為“不同種類的，各種各樣的”，句中指不同種類的樹，符合句意。故將kind改為kinds。6. 考查固定短語。句意：我父母經(jīng)常帶我去遠(yuǎn)足和捉昆蟲。句中涉及固定短語“take sb. to do sth.,意為 “帶某人去做某事”，to后接動詞原形，句中t。后是由and連接的兩個并列短語，故catching應(yīng)用原形catch,表示“捉昆蟲”。故將catching改為catch。7. 考查定語從句。句意：我奶奶，似乎充滿了回憶，總是和我分享她的故事。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知， 句了為非限制性

29、定語從句，先行詞為grandma,為人，在從句中作主語，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)從句。 故將whose改為who。8. 考查代詞。句意：我奶奶，似乎充滿了回憶，總是和我分享她的故事。根據(jù)句意可知，句子主語為“My grandma”，是奶奶和我分享“她的”故事，stories意為“故事”，為名詞詞性，前應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞 修飾，her意為“她的”，為形容詞性物主代詞，句中指“她的故事” o故將his改為her。9. 考查固定句型。句意：她告訴我，我是如此的溫柔和安靜，以至于她從不為我擔(dān)心。句中涉及固定句型 “so+adj./adv.+that+從句”,意為“如此以至于,gentle意為“溫柔的

30、”,形容詞詞性，quiet意為“安靜的”，形容詞詞性，故前面應(yīng)用so, such后一般接名詞，不符合句子內(nèi)容。故將such改為so。10. 考查固定句型。句意：現(xiàn)在她己經(jīng)去世五年了。句中涉及固定句型u It is/has bccn+段時間+since從 句，意為“自從以來己經(jīng)多久了 ，since后接從句，從句用一般過去時，since then意為“從那以 后”，不符合句式和句意。故將then去掉。第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）52. 假如你是李華，你的英國朋友George不久前去美國留學(xué)，他給你發(fā)email說很不適應(yīng)那里的生活、請 你根據(jù)以下提示用英語給他回一封email,鼓勵他勇敢面對。1.

31、 尊重當(dāng)?shù)氐娘L(fēng)俗習(xí)慣2. 與美國學(xué)生多交流；3. 積極參加戶外活動。注意：1、詞數(shù)100左右，文章開頭和結(jié)尾己給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。2. 可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。3. 參考詞匯：禮儀manners；適應(yīng)adapt toDear George,How nice to hear from you again!Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear George,How nice to hear from you again! I think it is natural for you not to get used to the life there. Here I

32、have some suggestions for you.First of all, you should respect (he local customs there and try to involve yourself in the natives lives. Just as the saying goes, When in Rome, do as Romans do. Secondly, dont be afraid to communicate with American students and make friends with them. Friendship will

33、bring you happiness. Whats more, it is better for you to join in more outdoor activities with your friends, which may help you relax and have fun. Finally, mind your won manners and remain modest and honest when getting along with your friends.I do hope my suggestions will help. May you adapt to you

34、r new life and enjoy your stay there.Yours sincerely, Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，要求考生寫一封回夏詢問信，得知不久前去美國留學(xué)的英國朋友George 很不適應(yīng)那里的生活，鼓勵他勇敢面對。【詳解】第一步：審題體裁：應(yīng)用文時態(tài)：根據(jù)提示，時態(tài)應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時。結(jié)構(gòu)：總分法總分法指把主題句作為總說，把支持句作為分說，并以這種方式安排所寫內(nèi)容。要求：1.收到來信，得知對方的情況并引出建議。2. 具體建議1）尊重當(dāng)?shù)氐娘L(fēng)俗習(xí)慣2）與美國學(xué)生多交流3）積極參加戶外活動。第二步:列提綱（重點詞組）hear from:

35、get used to； involve .in； communicate with； make friends with； whats more； have fun: gel along with: adapt to 第三步：連詞成句1.1 think it is natural for you not to get used to the life （here.2. Here I have some suggestions fbr you.3. First of all, you should respect the local customs there and try to invol

36、ve yourself in the natives* lives.4. Just as the saying goes, When in Rome, do as Romans do.5. Whats more, it is better fbr you to join in more outdoor activities with your friends, which may help you relax and have fun.6. Finally. mind your won manners and remain modest and honest when getting alon

37、g with your friends.7.1 do hope my suggestions will help.根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞（組）進(jìn)行遣詞造句，注意主謂一致和時態(tài)問題。第四步：連句成篇（銜接詞）1 .表文章結(jié)構(gòu)順序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second- And （hen. Finally, In the end. At last2. 表并列補(bǔ)充關(guān)系：What is more. Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only-but （also）, inc

38、luding,3. 表轉(zhuǎn)折對比關(guān)系：However, On the contrary, but. Although+clause（從句），In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand,On the other hand Some , while others .as fbr, so-that-4. 表因果關(guān)系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result連句成文，注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過渡，書寫一定要規(guī)范清晰，第五步：潤色修改【點睛】范文內(nèi)容完整，要點全面，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)，上下文意思連貫，符合

39、邏輯關(guān)系。 作者在范文中使用 了較多主從復(fù)合句，如：Whats more, it is better for you to join in more outdoor activities with your friends, which may help you relax and have fun.這句話運(yùn)用 了 which 引導(dǎo)的定語從句，使用了一些固 定詞組,如 hear from； get used to； involve .in； communicate with； make friends with 等。全文中沒有中國 式英語的句式，顯示了很高的駕馭英語的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、

40、層次分明，上下句轉(zhuǎn)換自然，為文 章增色添彩。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Prizes 部分中第一段中的Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winners choice,可知，每位獲獎?wù)叨伎梢詭?名家長和另名由獲獎?wù)哌x擇的人員。因 此，每位獲獎?wù)呖梢詭蓚€人。故選A。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Prizes 部分中第三段 t450 Honorable Mentions: Judges will choose upto 50 honorable mention wi

41、nners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earharts final flight”可知，每位優(yōu)秀獎獲獎?wù)叨紝@得一 件紀(jì)念埃爾哈特最后一次飛行的T恤。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后部分中的Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification. Write a poem using 100 words or fewer可知，所寫的詩字?jǐn)?shù)不能超過10。字。否則，將會被取消資格。故結(jié)合選項，B選項（寫一 首120字的詩）是會被取消資格的。故選B。BGetting les

42、s sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids. According to a new survey（調(diào)查）by the National Sleep Foundation, 51 % of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7- to 12-year-okl

43、s said they felt tired during the day, and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. Babies need a lot of rest: most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Aduhs need about eight hours. For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal（理想的）.But the new

44、National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10- to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours. And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime? Watch TV.More children are going to bed with TVs on, and there are more opportunities（機(jī)會）to stay awake, with more homewor

45、k, the Internet and the phone, says Dr. Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School. She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make il hard fbr them to calm down and sleep. Other experts say part of the problem is chemical. Changing levels of body ch

46、emicals called hormones not only make teenagers bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard fbr teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.Because sleepiness is such a problem fbr teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. Three yea

47、rs ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7:25 am to 8:30 am. Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the results.4. What is the general idea of the first paragraph?A. All American kids get less sleep.B. American kids have bad habits.C. Most Americans kids get less sle

48、ep and the bad influence of it.D. American kids feel asleep in class.5. Which of the following statements is correct?A. When you sleep depends on your age.B. Most children watch TV before they sleep.C. Sonic children arc lacking in sleep.D. Adults will be healthier if they get more sleep.6. Why do c

49、hildren find it hard to fall asleep?A. They get too excited before 11 p.m.B. Hormones get high at night.C. Their bodies develop adult characteristics.I）. They may watch too much TV.7. What is the authors attitude toward the change of school start time?A. ObjectiveB. IndifferentC. PositiveD. Negative

50、【答案】4.C5.C6.D7. A【解析】【分析】這是篇記敘。睡眠不足己成為大多數(shù)美國孩子的壞習(xí)慣。短文介紹了不同年齡人的睡眠時間， 孩子難以入睡的原因以及一些學(xué)校采取的措施。【4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第-段Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids. Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7- （o 12-year-olds said （hey felt tired during the day, and 15% said they ha

51、d fallen asleep at school.（睡眠不足己成為大多數(shù)美國孩子的壞習(xí)慣。去年，該基金會報告稱，7至12歲的 孩子中，近60%的人白天感到疲勞，15%的人說他們在上課時睡著了。）由此可知，第一段主要在說大多 數(shù)美國孩子睡眠不足及其不良影響。故選C項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第段 aGetting less sleep has become a bad habi（ for most American kids.（睡眠不足己 成為大多數(shù)美國孩子的壞習(xí)慣）由此可知，有些孩子缺乏睡眠。故選C項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段u More children are goin

52、g to bed with TVs on, ”（越來越多的孩子在上床睡 覺時還在看電視）由此判斷出，孩子難以入睡的原因可能是因為他們看了太多的電視。故選D項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后段 *Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the results.（

53、因為困倦對青少年來說是個大問題，一些學(xué)區(qū)已經(jīng)決定推遲高中課程的上課時間。學(xué)生、家長 和老師都對結(jié)果感到滿意。）由此可知，作者只是說了學(xué)生、家長、老師對于改變上學(xué)時間的態(tài)度，并沒 有說明自己是支持還是反對，由此判斷出作者的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選A項。CEarthquakes usually happen on the edges of large sections of the Earths plates. These plates slowly move over a long period of time. Sometimes the edges, which are called fault

54、lines, can get stuck, but the plates keep moving. Pressure slowly starts to build up where the edges are stuck and, once the pressure gets strong enough, （he plates will suddenly move causing an earthquake.Generally before and after a large earthquake there will be smaller earthquakes. The ones that

55、 happen before are called foreshocks. The ones that happen after are called aftershocks. Scientists dont really know if an earthquake is a foreshock until the bicker earthquake occurs.Shock waves from an earthquake that travel through (he ground are called seismic waves (地震波).They are most powerful

56、at the center of the earthquake, but they travel through much of the earth and back to the surface. They move quickly at 20 times the speed of sound.Scientists use seismic waves to measure how big an earthquake is. They use a device called a seismograph (地 點儀)to measure the size of the waves. The si

57、ze of (he waves is called (he magnitude.To tell (he strength of an earthquake scientists use a scale called the Moment Magnitude Scale or MMS (it used to be called the Richter scale). The larger the number on the MMS scale, the larger the earthquake. You usually wont even notice an earthquake unless

58、 it measures at least a 3 on the MMS scale. Here are some examples of what may happen depending on the scale:4.0-Could shake your house as if a large truck were passing close by. Some people may not notice.5.0-If you arc in a car, it may shake. Glasses and dishes may rattle. Windows may break.6.0- Items will