初中英語代詞課件--李莉

1、代 詞 ( pron.) by Lily中考總復(fù)習(xí)之中考總復(fù)習(xí)之一、人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞一表清 分類人稱、作用人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性第一人稱單數(shù)Imemyminemyself復(fù)數(shù)weusouroursourselves第二人稱單數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourself復(fù)數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人稱單數(shù)hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself復(fù)數(shù)theythemtheirtheirsthemselves作用主語賓語、表語定語主語、表語、賓語賓語、表語、同位語

2、（一）人稱代詞的語序： 單數(shù)形式：（二、三、一） 即：you/ he/ I 復(fù)數(shù)形式：（一、二、三） 即；we/ you/ they（二）、名詞性物主代詞和形容詞性物主代詞 形容詞性物主代詞在句中做定語修飾名詞，一般不單獨使用。 名詞性物主代詞常用來避免與前面提及的名詞重復(fù)，相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”。 eg: This is my dictionary. Where is yours? This is not our room. Ours is over there. (our room = ours) 名詞性物主代詞可用在of 后面做定語，相當(dāng)于“ of +名詞所有格” ，表示帶有部

3、分概念或有一定的感情色彩。 eg: He is a friend of mine.二、it的用法 it既是賓格又可以做主格，有時也可以指人。 1. 代表前面提到過的事物。如： My pen is missing. I cant find it anywhere. 2. 用來指人，主要指嬰兒或者身份不明的人。 -Who is knocking at the door? -It is me. The woman had a baby. It was five months old.二、it的用法 3. 表示時間、距離、天氣等。如： It will be sunny tomorrow. 4. 作形式

4、主語或者形式賓語。如： I found it difficult to learn English well first. It is impossible for us to learn a foreign language.三、反身代詞的用法 定義：反身代詞又稱自身代詞，由第一人稱、第二人稱形容詞性物主代詞和第三人稱人稱代詞賓格，單數(shù)加詞尾self、復(fù)數(shù)加詞尾selves 構(gòu)成，可用口訣簡記如下： 反身代詞表自身，self與selves單數(shù)、復(fù)分。 一、二人稱形代后，第三人稱改用賓。 在句子中，反身代詞可作動詞或介詞的賓語、表語、主語或者賓語的同位語，也可用口訣簡記： 反身代詞三成分：賓、

5、表同位反自身。三、反身代詞的用法 （一）作動詞的賓語 反身代詞可以與enjoy, hurt, teach, look after等詞連用，表明動作的承受者就是主語本身。 1. enjoy oneself = have a good time Did you enjoy yourself at the party last night? 2. help oneself (to sth.) 隨便吃點什么，后面可接食物，一般用在宴會當(dāng)中，用來招呼客人的用語。 Help yourselves to some fruit, children.三、反身代詞的用法 3. hurt oneself 傷著自己

6、She didnt hurt herself. 4. teach oneself = learn by oneself自學(xué) Did you teach yourself English ?= Did you learn English by yourself? 5. look after oneself 照顧自己 I can look after myself well, thanks.學(xué)在荊州P15-16 一.考點集錦1.me 6.yours 2.him/her 7.ours3.them 8.mine4.you 9.yourself5.our 10.myself實戰(zhàn)演練1.I / we ,y

7、ou 6.his2.your ,you 7.yours, it, me3.he 8.you, it, ours4.her 9.you, you, I, myself5.you ,your 10.they , themselves四、指示代詞this/ that/ these/ those單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)用法1用法2thisthese近指指下文將要提及的事thatthose遠指指前面剛提過的事【辨析】one, it, that it 常用來特指上下文提到的同類事物，用來指可數(shù)名詞或者不可數(shù)名詞，one泛指上下文提及的同類事物中的一份子，用于代替可數(shù)名詞，that常用在比較等級中，代表前面提到的名詞，以避

8、免重復(fù)。The book is mine. It is very interesting.I have some apples. You can have one.The weather of Dalian is much wetter than that of Lanzhou.五、不定代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等 （一）some 與 any some 常用于肯定句中，當(dāng)說話者期望得到對方的肯定回答或表示請求建議時，可以用在疑問句中；any常用于否定句和疑問句中，當(dāng)any表示“任何”時，可用于肯定句。 There are

9、nt any students in the classroom. -Would you like some bread? -Yes, please.五、不定代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等 （二）辨析both, neither, either, all, none both, neither和 either這三個詞用于兩者或兩者之間，both表示“兩者都”，用于肯定句；neither與both互為反義詞，意為“兩者都不”；either表示“兩者之中任何一個”（或者用于否定句中，表示“也”）。all和none都用于三者或者三

10、者以上，all表示“全部、都”，none表示“沒有任何人或物”。五、不定代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等 【辨析】so/ neither+助動詞+主語！和so/ neither+主語+助動詞！ so +（be、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞）+主語，意為“也”，“同樣”。表示前面所說的情況也適合于另一個人（物），此句是一倒裝句。neither用法與之相反。 so +主語+（be、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞），表示“贊同”，意為“不錯、的確、確實”。注意：前后兩個句子指的是同一個人。同樣，neither的用法與之相反。練一練1.Her mother

11、is a warm-hearted old lady.- .A.So my mother is B.So is my motherC.Is my mother so D.my mother so is2.She didnt go for a walk after super. - .A.Neither do I B.Neither did IC.I didnt neither D.Did neither I3.He likes singing and dancing. .A.So he does B.So does heC.he does so D.does he soBBA五、不定代詞som

12、e, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等 （三）many&much many 和much都有“許多”的意思，many用來修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，much用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞。 名詞修飾語一覽表常修飾可數(shù)名詞的詞或短語常修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞或短語既可修飾可數(shù)名詞又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞或短語each, every, several, few, a few, many, too many, a number of, many a/an, only a few, quite a fewlittle, a little, much,too much, a bit

13、 of, a cup of,two pieces ofsome, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, enough, all the rest of五、不定代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等 （四）a few, a little, few, little few / a few 修飾可數(shù)名詞 little / a little 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 few, little 表示否定意義, 譯為“沒有幾個”，“沒有多少” a few, a little 表示肯定意義, 譯為“有幾個”，“有一點” 五、

14、不定代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all, none等 each和every“每一個”each=everyShe knows each student of the class.她認識班級中的每個學(xué)生。She knows every student of the class.她認識班級中的所有學(xué)生。Each of them doesnt smoke.每個人都不吸煙。every卻只有形容詞詞性，不可單獨使用。each作代詞，與of連用重于個體強調(diào)整體五、不定代詞some, any, each, every, both, neither, all

15、, none等 （六）圖解other系列不定代詞 one（一個） the other（另一個） one（一個） another（其余的任一個） one（一個） the others（其余的全部） some（一些） others（其余的一部分）some（一些） the others（其余的全部）六、復(fù)合不定代詞指物指人everythingeveryone， everybodysomethingsomeone， somebodyanythinganyone，anybody nothingno one, nobody八、疑問代詞及關(guān)系代詞 （一）疑問代詞 1. who，whom都表示“誰”，作主語時

16、用who，作賓語時用whom。Who在特殊疑問句中可以替換whom，但當(dāng)疑問詞作介詞賓語時，且介詞又置于句首時，只能用whom。 With whom did you talk just now? Who (whom) are you waiting for? 2. which, what在特殊疑問句作定語時，后面必須緊跟一個名詞。 What class are you in? which book do you like best?八、疑問代詞及關(guān)系代詞 （二）關(guān)系代詞 This is the doctor who came here yesterday. The man whom you saw last week has left the town. I know the woman whose husband is a doctor. The room which you can see by the river is a reading room.主格賓格所有格指人whowhomwhose指人或物which /學(xué)在荊州P17 一.考點集錦1.this, thi