虛擬語(yǔ)氣在非真實(shí)條件句中運(yùn)用

1、期中考試中期中考試中如果我知道答案，我如果我知道答案，我就請(qǐng)你吃飯！就請(qǐng)你吃飯！第三題答案是什么？第三題答案是什么？如果你告訴我答案，如果你告訴我答案，我放學(xué)請(qǐng)你吃飯。我放學(xué)請(qǐng)你吃飯。告訴我吧！告訴我吧！疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣祈使語(yǔ)氣條件句什么是虛擬語(yǔ)氣？什么是虛擬語(yǔ)氣？語(yǔ)氣陳述語(yǔ)氣疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣祈使語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣動(dòng)作是一種只存在于只存在于講話人想象中講話人想象中的“假假設(shè)設(shè)”或或“推測(cè)推測(cè)”。用來(lái)表達(dá)說(shuō)話人的愿愿望、請(qǐng)求、意圖、建望、請(qǐng)求、意圖、建議、驚奇、設(shè)想議、驚奇、設(shè)想等虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣1.1.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的用法件句中的用法真實(shí)條件句真實(shí)條件句虛擬條件句虛擬條件句2.2.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在某虛擬語(yǔ)

2、氣在某些從句中的運(yùn)用些從句中的運(yùn)用主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句3.3.虛擬語(yǔ)氣的其他虛擬語(yǔ)氣的其他用法用法1.1.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句條件句中的用中的用法法條件句條件句真實(shí)條件句真實(shí)條件句虛擬條件句虛擬條件句可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的條件句可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的條件句不能實(shí)現(xiàn)不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的條件句的條件句虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣如果你告訴我答案，我放學(xué)請(qǐng)你吃飯。如果你告訴我答案，我放學(xué)請(qǐng)你吃飯。If you If you tell tell me the answer, I will treat you after schoolme the answer, I will t

3、reat you after school. .真實(shí)條件句：真實(shí)條件句：實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性非常大，在條件句中常用實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性非常大，在條件句中常用現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示表示將來(lái)時(shí)將來(lái)時(shí)。Eg: 如果明天下雨，我就待在家里。Ifit_ (rain)tomorrow,Iwillstayathome.rains虛擬條件句的瞎想虛擬條件句的瞎想對(duì)對(duì)過(guò)去過(guò)去的猜測(cè)的猜測(cè)對(duì)對(duì)現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在的猜測(cè)的猜測(cè)對(duì)對(duì)未來(lái)未來(lái)的猜測(cè)的猜測(cè)如果我知道答案，我就請(qǐng)你如果我知道答案，我就請(qǐng)你吃飯！吃飯！虛擬條件句往往指虛擬條件句往往指不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的或或純假想純假想的情況。的情況?？梢詫?duì)可以對(duì)過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在、未來(lái)過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在、未來(lái)進(jìn)行假設(shè)。進(jìn)行

4、假設(shè)。如果我昨天有如果我昨天有100100萬(wàn)，我就會(huì)給你萬(wàn)，我就會(huì)給你5050萬(wàn)。萬(wàn)。If IIf I hadhad had had one million RMB yesterday, one million RMB yesterday, I I would have would have givengiven you half. you half.（一）、對(duì)過(guò)去情況的假設(shè)（一）、對(duì)過(guò)去情況的假設(shè)如果我當(dāng)時(shí)知道你的電話號(hào)碼，我就給你打電話了。如果我當(dāng)時(shí)知道你的電話號(hào)碼，我就給你打電話了。If I If I hadhad known known your telephone numberyou

5、r telephone number, ,I I would have would have calledcalled you. you. If .had done ., would have done .If .had done ., would have done .If If 引導(dǎo)的從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)（引導(dǎo)的從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)（had donehad done）, ,主句用主句用would/should/might/would/should/might/could+have+donecould+have+done. . （一）、對(duì)過(guò)去情況的假設(shè)（一）、對(duì)過(guò)去情況的假設(shè)If .had done

6、 ., If .had done ., would/could/might/should have done . would/could/might/should have done .If If 引導(dǎo)的從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)（引導(dǎo)的從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)（had donehad done）, ,主句用主句用would/should/might/would/should/might/could+have+donecould+have+done. . 1.1.如果當(dāng)初你智商高如果當(dāng)初你智商高,(have a high IQ),(have a high IQ),我就不會(huì)和你離婚了我就不會(huì)和你離婚了. .Ify

7、ou_ (Ifyou_ (have)ahave)a high IQ, high IQ,I_(not I_(not divorce)youdivorce)you2.2.如果我昨天不把它寫(xiě)下來(lái)，我是會(huì)忘記的。如果我昨天不把它寫(xiě)下來(lái)，我是會(huì)忘記的。If I _( not If I _( not write)itwrite)it down yesterday, down yesterday, I _ _( I _ _(forget)itforget)it. .had had had had wouldnothavedivorcedwouldnothavedivorced(Divorce (Divorc

8、e sbsb.) .)had not written had not written should have forgotten should have forgotten （二）、對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的假設(shè)（二）、對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的假設(shè)如果我現(xiàn)在有如果我現(xiàn)在有100100萬(wàn)，我會(huì)給你萬(wàn)，我會(huì)給你5050萬(wàn)萬(wàn)If I If I hadhad one million now, one million now,I I would/could/might/shouldwould/could/might/should give give you half.you half.如果我現(xiàn)在有戒指，我們就結(jié)婚。如果我現(xiàn)在有戒

9、指，我們就結(jié)婚。If I If I hadhad a ring now, a ring now,We We wouldwould get get marriedmarried. . 如果我是你，我會(huì)選擇買(mǎi)一枚金戒指。如果我是你，我會(huì)選擇買(mǎi)一枚金戒指。If I If I werewere you youI I wouldwould choose choose to buy a gold ring.to buy a gold ring.如果沒(méi)有音樂(lè)，世界將會(huì)非常單調(diào)如果沒(méi)有音樂(lè)，世界將會(huì)非常單調(diào)If there If there werewere no music, no music,the wo

10、rld the world wouldwould be be very dull.very dull.If.didIf.did., ., .would/could/miwould/could/might/should ght/should do.do.If.wereIf.were., ., .would/could/migwould/could/might/should do.ht/should do.If.did/were., .If.did/were., .would/could/might/should do.would/could/might/should do.If.did/were

11、., .would/could/might/should do.If.did/were., .would/could/might/should do.（二）、對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的假設(shè)（二）、對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的假設(shè) 條件從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去式，條件從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去式， 主句主句would/could/might/should + would/could/might/should + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形1.1.很抱歉，我很忙。如果我有時(shí)間，我會(huì)去看你的。很抱歉，我很忙。如果我有時(shí)間，我會(huì)去看你的。I am sorry I am very busy now. I am sorry I am very b

12、usy now. If I _ (have) time, I _ (If I _ (have) time, I _ (come)tocome)to see you. see you.2.2.如果我是你，我就不會(huì)那么做。如果我是你，我就不會(huì)那么做。If I _ (be) you, I _ ( not do) that.If I _ (be) you, I _ ( not do) that.3.3.如果胡子就是知識(shí)的象征，那么山羊也會(huì)成為蘇格拉底如果胡子就是知識(shí)的象征，那么山羊也會(huì)成為蘇格拉底If a beard _(be) a sign of knowledge, If a beard _(be

13、) a sign of knowledge, the goat _ (be )Socrates.the goat _ (be )Socrates.had had would comewould comewere were should not doshould not dowerewerewould be would be （三）、對(duì)未來(lái)情況的假設(shè)（三）、對(duì)未來(lái)情況的假設(shè)如果我明天有如果我明天有100100萬(wàn)，我就會(huì)給你萬(wàn)，我就會(huì)給你5050萬(wàn)萬(wàn)If I If I had/had/shouldshould have/ have/ were to were to have have one mi

14、llion tomorrow, one million tomorrow, I I would/could/should/mightwould/could/should/might give give you half.you half.如果明天下雪，我們就不出去了。如果明天下雪，我們就不出去了。If it If it snowed/snowed/shouldshould snow/ snow/ were to were to snow snow tomorrow, tomorrow, We We would would not not gogo out. out.If did/should

15、do/ were to do ,If did/should do/ were to do , would/could/might/should do. would/could/might/should do.對(duì)未來(lái)情況的預(yù)測(cè)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用對(duì)未來(lái)情況的預(yù)測(cè)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should do/were to do/did,should do/were to do/did,主句用主句用would/could/might/should do.would/could/might/should do.If did/should do/ were to do ,If did/should do/ were to

16、do , would/could/might/should do. would/could/might/should do.對(duì)未來(lái)情況的預(yù)測(cè)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用對(duì)未來(lái)情況的預(yù)測(cè)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should do/were to do/did,should do/were to do/did,主句用主句用would/could/might/should dowould/could/might/should do（三）、對(duì)未來(lái)情況的假設(shè)（三）、對(duì)未來(lái)情況的假設(shè)1.1.如果我們明天能來(lái)，就能見(jiàn)到總經(jīng)理。如果我們明天能來(lái)，就能見(jiàn)到總經(jīng)理。If we _(If we _(come)tomorrowcome)tomo

17、rrow, , we _(we _(meet)themeet)the general manager. general manager. 2.2.如果明天下雨的話，我們就不去野炊了。如果明天下雨的話，我們就不去野炊了。If it If it _(_(rain)_tomorrowrain)_tomorrow, , we _ (not we _ (not go)forgo)for a picnic. a picnic.came/should come/ were to comecame/should come/ were to comecould meetcould meetwere to rai

18、n/should rain/ rained were to rain/should rain/ rained would not go would not go 如果我昨天有如果我昨天有100100萬(wàn)，我就會(huì)給你萬(wàn)，我就會(huì)給你5050萬(wàn)萬(wàn)。If IIf I hadhad had had one million yesterday, one million yesterday, I I would have would have givengiven you half. you half.如果我現(xiàn)在有如果我現(xiàn)在有100100萬(wàn)，我會(huì)給你萬(wàn)，我會(huì)給你5050萬(wàn)萬(wàn)If I If I hadhad o

19、ne million now, one million now,I I would/could/might/shouldwould/could/might/should give give you half.you half.如果我明天有如果我明天有100100萬(wàn)，我就會(huì)給你萬(wàn)，我就會(huì)給你5050萬(wàn)萬(wàn)If I If I had/had/shouldshould have/ have/ were to were to have have one million tomorrow, one million tomorrow, I I would/could/should/might would/c

20、ould/should/might give give you half.you half.主句謂語(yǔ)主句謂語(yǔ)和和從句謂語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作在表示的動(dòng)作在時(shí)間上不一致時(shí)間上不一致如果我過(guò)去長(zhǎng)得帥一點(diǎn)，現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)單身了EgEg: : 如果如果當(dāng)時(shí)當(dāng)時(shí)你聽(tīng)我的勸，你你聽(tīng)我的勸，你現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)有麻煩的。就不會(huì)有麻煩的。If you had taken had taken (take)my advice then, you wouldnt be wouldnt be (be) in trouble now.如果如果昨晚昨晚下雨的話，下雨的話，今天今天就會(huì)很冷了。就會(huì)很冷了。If it If it ha

21、d rained had rained last night, it last night, it might be might be very cold today.very cold today.1.1.如果他起床早一些，現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)遲到了。如果他起床早一些，現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)遲到了。If he _(get If he _(get up)earlierup)earlier, , he _ (not he _ (not be)latebe)late now. now.2.2.如果昨晚下雨了，今天地面就是濕的。如果昨晚下雨了，今天地面就是濕的。If it _(If it _(rain)lastrain)

22、last night, night, the ground _ (the ground _ (be)wetbe)wet now. now.had got up had got up would not be would not be had rained had rained would be would be 多虧你幫了我，不然的話?！叭绻麤](méi)有你?！?”要不是你幫我?！昂詈顥l件句條件句有些句子雖然有些句子雖然不含有條件從句不含有條件從句，但，但意思和條件句差不多意思和條件句差不多，這種句子稱為這種句子稱為“含蓄條件句含蓄條件句”。這種句子有時(shí)會(huì)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。這種句子有時(shí)會(huì)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。Wit

23、hout(Without(如果沒(méi)有如果沒(méi)有), but for), but for（要不是）（要不是）, , otherwiseotherwise（ 不然，否則）不然，否則）, or, or（否則（否則）等。）等。如果沒(méi)有電，世界將會(huì)一片黑暗。如果沒(méi)有電，世界將會(huì)一片黑暗。WithoutWithout electricity, the world electricity, the world would be would be dark.dark.= If there = If there werewere no electricity, the world no electricity, t

24、he world would be would be dark.dark.我我本應(yīng)能本應(yīng)能多幫你一些的，但我當(dāng)時(shí)太忙了。多幫你一些的，但我當(dāng)時(shí)太忙了。I I might have givenmight have given you more help, but I was too busy. you more help, but I was too busy.沒(méi)有如果（if）如果沒(méi)有空氣，人類將不能生存。如果沒(méi)有空氣，人類將不能生存。Without air, human being Without air, human being would not be would not be able

25、to survive. able to survive. 如果不是你的幫助，我們就完不成任務(wù)。如果不是你的幫助，我們就完不成任務(wù)。But for your help, we But for your help, we should not have completed should not have completed this task.this task.But for the help of my English teacher, I_ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.A.would not win B. would

26、not have won C. would win D. would have won虛擬條件句虛擬條件句中，如果有中，如果有should, had, were to do should, had, were to do 結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)構(gòu)，可以可以把把if if 去掉去掉，然后把，然后把 had, should, were had, should, were 提到主語(yǔ)前面提到主語(yǔ)前面。如果時(shí)光倒流，我會(huì)加倍努力。如果時(shí)光倒流，我會(huì)加倍努力。If If time time were were to go back, I would work double hard.to go back, I woul

27、d work double hard.如果我當(dāng)時(shí)努力學(xué)習(xí)的話，我肯定會(huì)成功的。如果我當(dāng)時(shí)努力學(xué)習(xí)的話，我肯定會(huì)成功的。If If I I hadhad worked hard, I would have surely succeeded. worked hard, I would have surely succeeded.假如明天天氣好，我們就去郊游。假如明天天氣好，我們就去郊游。If If it it shouldshould be fine tomorrow, we would go for an outing. be fine tomorrow, we would go for an

28、outing. WereWere time to go back, I would work double hard. time to go back, I would work double hard.= = HadHad I worked hard, I would have surely succeed. I worked hard, I would have surely succeed.= = ShouldShould it be fine tomorrow, we would go for an outing. it be fine tomorrow, we would go fo

29、r an outing.虛擬條件句虛擬條件句中，如果有中，如果有should, had, were to do should, had, were to do 結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)構(gòu)，可以可以把把if if 去掉去掉，然后把，然后把 had, should, were had, should, were 提到主語(yǔ)前面提到主語(yǔ)前面。如果我當(dāng)時(shí)知道你的電話號(hào)碼，我就給你打電話了。如果我當(dāng)時(shí)知道你的電話號(hào)碼，我就給你打電話了。If If I I had had known your telephone number,known your telephone number,I would have called

30、you. I would have called you. HadHad I known your telephone number. I known your telephone number.如果明天下雨的話，我們就不去野炊了。如果明天下雨的話，我們就不去野炊了。If If it it were to rain were to rain tomorrow, we would not go for a picnic.tomorrow, we would not go for a picnic.WereWere it to rain tomorrow, we would not go for

31、a picnic. it to rain tomorrow, we would not go for a picnic.1、四種語(yǔ)氣、四種語(yǔ)氣2、條件句包括、條件句包括.3.虛擬條件句的四種瞎想虛擬條件句的四種瞎想4、虛擬語(yǔ)氣的含蓄表達(dá)、虛擬語(yǔ)氣的含蓄表達(dá)-5、虛擬條件句的倒裝、虛擬條件句的倒裝對(duì)過(guò)去的猜測(cè)對(duì)過(guò)去的猜測(cè)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的猜測(cè)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的猜測(cè)對(duì)未來(lái)的猜測(cè)對(duì)未來(lái)的猜測(cè)錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句沒(méi)有如果（沒(méi)有如果（IFIF）had had should should were to do were to do 竅門(mén)：竅門(mén)： 記住例句記住例句 “學(xué)英語(yǔ)雖易，堅(jiān)持學(xué)不易，且行且珍惜學(xué)英語(yǔ)雖易，堅(jiān)持學(xué)

32、不易，且行且珍惜?！?.You did not let me drive. If we _ in turn, you_ so tired.A. drove; didnt get. B. drove; wouldnt getC. Were driving, wouldnt get D. had driven; wouldnt have got.D2. _ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit.A. Were B. Should C. Would D.WillB3. Had you listened to the doctor,

33、you _ all right now.A. Are B. Were B. Would be D. would have beenC C4. We _ last night, but we went to the cinema instead.A.Must have studied B.might studyC. Would study D. would have studied. D虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣1.1.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的用法件句中的用法真實(shí)條件句真實(shí)條件句虛擬條件句虛擬條件句2.2.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在某虛擬語(yǔ)氣在某些從句中的運(yùn)用些從句中的運(yùn)用主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句

34、表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句3.3.虛擬語(yǔ)氣的其他虛擬語(yǔ)氣的其他用法用法2.2.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在某虛擬語(yǔ)氣在某些從句中的運(yùn)用些從句中的運(yùn)用主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句1.1. It is/was important(It is/was important(necessary, appropriate, proper, necessary, appropriate, proper, right , essential, vital, etcright , essential, vital, etc) that) that. . s

35、hould +should +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形這種句型中，這種句型中，should should 常譯為常譯為“應(yīng)該應(yīng)該”“”“必須必須”。虛擬語(yǔ)氣用虛擬語(yǔ)氣用“should+should+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形”，或?qū)⒒驅(qū)hould should 省略，只用動(dòng)詞原形。省略，只用動(dòng)詞原形。這種主語(yǔ)從句由連詞這種主語(yǔ)從句由連詞that that 引導(dǎo)。常用于以下三種句型中：引導(dǎo)。常用于以下三種句型中：It is necessary that It is necessary that I I (should) return (should) return it right now.it right n

36、ow.我有必要馬上把它還回去我有必要馬上把它還回去It is necessary that It is necessary that we we (should) speak (should) speak politely.politely.我們說(shuō)話要有禮貌，這是很重要的。我們說(shuō)話要有禮貌，這是很重要的。重要的是照顧好病人重要的是照顧好病人Itsimportantthatwe_(Itsimportantthatwe_(take)goodtake)good care ofthepatient care ofthepatient(should)take(should)take2. It is/wa

37、s 2. It is/was unnatural/unthinkable/strange/surprisingunnatural/unthinkable/strange/surprising. thatthat. . should +should +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形 這種句子中，這種句子中，should should 常翻譯為常翻譯為“竟然竟然”It is strange that It is strange that he he (should ) be (should ) be so rude.so rude.真奇怪，他竟然這么粗魯。真奇怪，他竟然這么粗魯。It seems unthink

38、able that It seems unthinkable that you you (should) make (should) make such a mistake.such a mistake.你竟然犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤，真不可思議。你竟然犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤，真不可思議。他考試失敗了，真是不可思議。他考試失敗了，真是不可思議。It is unthinkable that he _(It is unthinkable that he _(fail)thefail)the exam. exam.(should) fail (should) fail 3. It is/was 3. It is/was

39、suggested(requested/required/ordered/suggested(requested/required/ordered/Proposed/decided etcProposed/decided etc).). that that. . should +should +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形 建議父母應(yīng)該花更多時(shí)間和孩子在一起。建議父母應(yīng)該花更多時(shí)間和孩子在一起。It is suggested that It is suggested that parents parents (should )spend(should )spend more time with their

40、 children. more time with their children.我們應(yīng)該坐九點(diǎn)的車我們應(yīng)該坐九點(diǎn)的車It is proposed that It is proposed that we we (should ) take (should ) take the 9:00 train.the 9:00 train.學(xué)校要求學(xué)生必須學(xué)一門(mén)外語(yǔ)學(xué)校要求學(xué)生必須學(xué)一門(mén)外語(yǔ)It is required that It is required that the students the students (should) learn (should) learn a foreign lan

41、guage.a foreign language.建議每天喝水建議每天喝水It is suggested that we _(It is suggested that we _(drink)waterdrink)water everyday. everyday.(should) drink (should) drink It is/was Important/necessary/appropriate/proper/right/Essential/vitaletc.Unnatural/strange/surprising/unthinkable.Suggested/requested/requ

42、ired/ordered/proposed/decided,etc.that that + (should) do 3.3.表示表示“建議，命令，要求，堅(jiān)決做建議，命令，要求，堅(jiān)決做”等等 的動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句1. Wish 1. Wish 后的賓語(yǔ)從句后的賓語(yǔ)從句用用過(guò)去式過(guò)去式- - 表示表示現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在的情況的情況用用過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)-表示表示過(guò)去過(guò)去的情況的情況用用would/couldwould/could - - 表示表示將來(lái)將來(lái)2.Would rather 2.Would rather 后的賓語(yǔ)從句后的賓語(yǔ)從句用用過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)表示表示現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在/ /將來(lái)將來(lái)的情況的

43、情況用用過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)-表示表示過(guò)去過(guò)去的情況的情況一堅(jiān)持一堅(jiān)持 insistinsist 二命令二命令 order , command,order , command,三建議三建議 suggest, advisesuggest, advise, , proposepropose四要求四要求 require, request, desire, demandrequire, request, desire, demand. .1. Wish 1. Wish 后的賓語(yǔ)從句后的賓語(yǔ)從句用過(guò)去式- 表示現(xiàn)在的情況用過(guò)去完成時(shí)-表示過(guò)去的情況用would/could+do - 表示將來(lái)我要是你就好

44、了我要是你就好了( (對(duì)現(xiàn)在的假設(shè)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的假設(shè)) )I wish I I wish I werewere you. you.你要是參加了婚禮就好了（對(duì)過(guò)去的假設(shè)）你要是參加了婚禮就好了（對(duì)過(guò)去的假設(shè)）I wish you I wish you had come had come to the wedding.to the wedding.但愿你但愿你明天明天能來(lái)參加派對(duì)（對(duì)未來(lái)的假設(shè)）能來(lái)參加派對(duì)（對(duì)未來(lái)的假設(shè)）I wish you I wish you could come could come toto the party tomorrow.the party tomorrow.2.Wou

45、ld rather 2.Would rather 后的賓語(yǔ)從句后的賓語(yǔ)從句用用過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)表示表示現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在/ /將來(lái)將來(lái)的情況的情況用用過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)-表示表示過(guò)去過(guò)去的情況的情況我寧愿你給我講真話我寧愿你給我講真話( (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在) )I would rather you I would rather you told told me the truth.me the truth.我倒寧愿你沒(méi)把這個(gè)秘密泄露出去。（過(guò)去）我倒寧愿你沒(méi)把這個(gè)秘密泄露出去。（過(guò)去）I would rather you I would rather you hadnt let hadnt let out the

46、 secret.out the secret.我寧愿你下周六來(lái)（將來(lái)）我寧愿你下周六來(lái)（將來(lái)）I would (Id ) rather you I would (Id ) rather you camecame next Saturday. next Saturday.3.3.表示表示“建議，命令，要求，堅(jiān)決做建議，命令，要求，堅(jiān)決做”等的動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句等的動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句, , 常用（常用（shouldshould）+ +動(dòng)詞原形的結(jié)構(gòu)。動(dòng)詞原形的結(jié)構(gòu)。一堅(jiān)持一堅(jiān)持 insistinsist 二命令二命令 order , command,order , command,三建議三建議 sug

47、gest, advisesuggest, advise, , proposepropose四要求四要求 require, request, desire, demandrequire, request, desire, demand. .他他堅(jiān)持堅(jiān)持自己做決定自己做決定He He insisted that insisted that he he (should) make (should) make his decision.his decision.媽媽媽媽要求要求Tom Tom 八點(diǎn)睡覺(jué)八點(diǎn)睡覺(jué)Mom Mom ordered that ordered that Tom Tom (shou

48、ld) go (should) go to bed to bed at 8 oclock in the evening.at 8 oclock in the evening.專家專家建議建議他少吃甜食他少吃甜食The The expert suggested/advised/proposed that expert suggested/advised/proposed that he he (should) eat (should) eat less dessert.less dessert.學(xué)校學(xué)校要求要求學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)外語(yǔ)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)外語(yǔ)The school The school requi

49、red/requested/desired/demanded thatrequired/requested/desired/demanded that the students the students (should) learn (should) learn a foreign language.a foreign language.3.3.表示表示“建議，命令，要求，堅(jiān)決做建議，命令，要求，堅(jiān)決做”等的動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句等的動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句, , 常用（常用（shouldshould）+ +動(dòng)詞原形的結(jié)構(gòu)。動(dòng)詞原形的結(jié)構(gòu)。一堅(jiān)持一堅(jiān)持 insistinsist 二命令二命令 order ,

50、 command,order , command,三建議三建議 suggest, advisesuggest, advise, , proposepropose四要求四要求 require, request, desire, demandrequire, request, desire, demand. .他他堅(jiān)持說(shuō)堅(jiān)持說(shuō)他沒(méi)有偷錢(qián)他沒(méi)有偷錢(qián)他的表情他的表情說(shuō)明說(shuō)明他對(duì)這個(gè)演講并不感興趣。他對(duì)這個(gè)演講并不感興趣。他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，做早操對(duì)身體有益他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，做早操對(duì)身體有益當(dāng)當(dāng) suggest suggest 意味意味“暗示、表明暗示、表明” insist insist 意味意味 “堅(jiān)持說(shuō)，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為

51、堅(jiān)持說(shuō)，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí)，時(shí)，從句中應(yīng)該用陳述語(yǔ)氣。從句中應(yīng)該用陳述語(yǔ)氣。他臉上的微笑表明他同意這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃他臉上的微笑表明他同意這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃 (agree to)(agree to)The smile on his face suggests that he _ to this plan.The smile on his face suggests that he _ to this plan.agreesagreesHe insists that doing morning exercise He insists that doing morning exercise _ (do) good to p

52、eoples health._ (do) good to peoples health.does does 2.2.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在某虛擬語(yǔ)氣在某些從句中的運(yùn)用些從句中的運(yùn)用主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句1. As if, as though 引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句中用虛擬語(yǔ)氣2. 2. 與表示與表示“決定、主張、要求、建議、命令決定、主張、要求、建議、命令”等的動(dòng)詞相對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞（等的動(dòng)詞相對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞（suggestion, proposal, advice,suggestion, proposal, advice,Demand , order, req

53、uirement Demand , order, requirement 等）構(gòu)成的表語(yǔ)從句中，等）構(gòu)成的表語(yǔ)從句中，常用常用“ “（shouldshould）+do”+do”結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)。與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)；若表示若表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，用，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)；表示表示將來(lái)將來(lái)的可能性不大，用的可能性不大，用would (might, could)+would (might, could)+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形：1. As if, as though 引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句中用虛擬語(yǔ)氣He acts as if he knew me.

54、他顯得認(rèn)識(shí)我似的。他顯得認(rèn)識(shí)我似的。They treat me as though I were a stranger. 他們待我如陌生人。他們待我如陌生人。He talks as if he had been abroad. 他說(shuō)起話來(lái)好像曾經(jīng)出過(guò)國(guó)。他說(shuō)起話來(lái)好像曾經(jīng)出過(guò)國(guó)。2. 2. 與表示與表示“決定、主張、要求、建議、命令決定、主張、要求、建議、命令”等的動(dòng)詞相對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞（等的動(dòng)詞相對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞（suggestion, proposal, advice,suggestion, proposal, advice,Demand , order, requirement Demand , o

55、rder, requirement 等）構(gòu)成的表語(yǔ)從句中，等）構(gòu)成的表語(yǔ)從句中，常用常用“ “（shouldshould）+do+do” ”結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)。我們決定推遲會(huì)議。我們決定推遲會(huì)議。Our Our decisiondecision is that the meeting ( is that the meeting (should) be should) be put off.put off.我建議走回家我建議走回家My My suggestionsuggestion is that we is that we (should) walk (should) walk homehome要求每

56、位學(xué)生學(xué)一門(mén)外語(yǔ)要求每位學(xué)生學(xué)一門(mén)外語(yǔ)The The requirementrequirement is that every student is that every student (should ) learn (should ) learn a foreign language.a foreign language.2.2.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在某虛擬語(yǔ)氣在某些從句中的運(yùn)用些從句中的運(yùn)用主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句與表示與表示“決定、主張、要求、建議、命令決定、主張、要求、建議、命令”等的動(dòng)詞等的動(dòng)詞相對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的同位語(yǔ)從句常用相對(duì)應(yīng)的

57、名詞構(gòu)成的同位語(yǔ)從句常用”( ”(should)+doshould)+do” ” 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)如如suggestion, proposal, advice, demand, order, suggestion, proposal, advice, demand, order, requirementrequirement等等他提議舉行一次英語(yǔ)演講比賽他提議舉行一次英語(yǔ)演講比賽He made a He made a suggestionsuggestion that they that they (should ) hold (should ) hold an English speech cont

58、est.an English speech contest.醫(yī)生建議我們多注意自己的身體。醫(yī)生建議我們多注意自己的身體。Doctors give us some Doctors give us some adviceadvice that we that we (should) pay(should) pay more attention to our health more attention to our healthHe made the suggestion that she _ by train.He made the suggestion that she _ by train.A

59、. Shall go B. go C. will go D. should have gone.A. Shall go B. go C. will go D. should have gone.2.2.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在某虛擬語(yǔ)氣在某些從句中的運(yùn)用些從句中的運(yùn)用主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句1.1.由由as if as if 或或as thoughas though引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣表可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示示與事實(shí)不符或與事實(shí)相反與事實(shí)不符或與事實(shí)相反的情況的情況2.2.目的狀語(yǔ)從句目的狀語(yǔ)從句The teacher treat

60、s the pupil The teacher treats the pupil as if as if hehe were were her own child. her own child. 這位老師對(duì)待這位學(xué)生就像自己的親生孩子一樣。這位老師對(duì)待這位學(xué)生就像自己的親生孩子一樣。（這位學(xué)生并不是她的親生孩子）（這位學(xué)生并不是她的親生孩子） I felt I felt as though as though we we had known had known each other for years.each other for years. 我感覺(jué)我們好像認(rèn)識(shí)多年了。（其實(shí)并沒(méi)有認(rèn)識(shí)多年）