初二英語語法知識重點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、初二英語語法知識重點(diǎn)總結(jié) 一、知識強(qiáng)化1掌握本單元的重點(diǎn)詞匯及句 型。2談?wù)撟詈米瞿呈潞驼_做某事，培養(yǎng)提高自己的交際能力。3正確使用should和ought to。二、重難點(diǎn)知識講解1First, we decided to elect the chief editor.首先我們決定選出主編。decide動詞，意為 “決定 ”，常用結(jié)構(gòu)：decide (not) to do sth.決定(不)做某事decideon doing sth決定做某事decide +疑問代詞/副詞+不定式 決定.decide +從句 決定 .e.g.I decided to go to Beijing on Mon

2、day.我決定星期一去北京。He has decided on going for a trip next week.他已決定下周去旅行。He decided when to go to Beijing.他已經(jīng)決定了什么時(shí)候去北京。We decided that we didn t take part in the basketlblma atch.我們決定不參加籃球比賽。2We should choose Joyce because she has experience.我們應(yīng)該選喬伊斯因?yàn)樗苡薪?jīng)驗(yàn)。1）experience n.經(jīng)驗(yàn)；經(jīng)歷1經(jīng)驗(yàn) （不可數(shù)名詞）e.g.He is a ma

3、th teacher with 5 years experience.他是一名有五年工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的數(shù)學(xué) 老師。2經(jīng)歷 （可數(shù)名詞 ）e.g.It was a strange experience.真是一次奇特的經(jīng)歷。Please tell us your experiences in America.請你告訴我們你在美洲的經(jīng)歷。（2）experience v.體驗(yàn)；經(jīng)歷e.g.Our country has experienced great changes in the last thirty years.我國在過去三十年經(jīng)歷了巨大變化。3Then we all voted for her.然后

4、我們都投票贊成（選喬伊斯為主編）vote for sb.意為 “投票贊成某人 ”。e.g.I shall vote for Ben because he has experience.我將投票選本因?yàn)樗薪?jīng)驗(yàn)。Vote for Johnsonthe people s friend!請投約翰遜一票 他是人民的支持者。vote against意為“投票反對 ”。e.g.People vote against Henry.人們投票反對亨利。4Then Joyce took charge of the meeting.于是，喬伊斯主持會議。take charge of意為 “主管，主持；負(fù)責(zé) ”。e.

5、g.Who will take charge of the meeting?誰將主持這次會議？She took charge of the family business after her father died.父親去世后，家務(wù)事全由她負(fù)責(zé)。The department was badly organized until she took charge（of it）這個(gè)部門在她負(fù)責(zé)管理以前組織工作做得很差。5Then the others voted for me.于是其他人投票選我。句中的the others指參加會議的除我以外的所有人即：Lucy, Joyce, Tony和Jessic

6、a。辨析：other, the other, the others與another（1）other表示“其他的 ”，表示泛指，沒有特定的范圍。e.g.Lei Feng always helped other people.雷鋒總是幫助別人。 （指其他的任何人 ）（2）the other意為 另一個(gè)” 一般用于兩者之間。其句型為：onethe other 一個(gè)另一個(gè)e.g.The old man has two sons. One is a soldier, the other is a worker.那位老人有兩 個(gè)兒子，一個(gè)是士兵，另一個(gè)是工人。注意：the other和other后均可加名

7、詞，但意思有所不同，“the other名詞”表示一定范圍內(nèi)除一部分外其余的全部，而“othe齊名詞”表示除去部分以后的另一 些，但不是剩下的全部。（3）the others特指一定范圍內(nèi)的其余的全部人或事物。e.g.I have three pencils. One is long, and the others are short.我有三支鉛筆，一支是長的，另外（兩個(gè)）是短的。（代詞）（4）another表示三者或三者以上的其他任何一個(gè)，意為 “再一；又一e.g.Would you like another cup of tea?你還要一杯茶嗎?6You will be responsib

8、le for different sections of the paper.你們將負(fù)責(zé)報(bào)紙的不同部分be responsible for意為 對 . 負(fù)責(zé)”。e.g.Who is responsible for breaking the mirror?鏡子是誰打破的?The bus driver is responsible for the passengers safety.負(fù)責(zé)。7Should it be free for readers, or should they pay for it?讀者應(yīng)免費(fèi)閱讀還是花錢購買呢？辨析：pay, spend, cost與take四個(gè)單詞都可以表示

9、 “花費(fèi) ”，但用法卻不盡相同。（1）pay的基本用法是：1pay（sb.）money for sth.付錢（給某人 ）買某物。e.g.I have to pay them 20 pounds forthis room each month.英鎊的房租。2pay for sth.付某物的錢e.g.I have to pay for the lost book.我不得不賠償丟失的書款。3pay for sb.替某人付錢e.g.Don t worry! I ll pay for you.別擔(dān)心，我會給你付錢的。（2）spend的主語必須是人，常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：1spend time/ money o

10、n sth.在某物上花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢。e.g.I spent two hours on this maths problem.這道數(shù)學(xué)題花了我兩個(gè)小時(shí)。2spend time/ money（in）doing sth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢做某事。e.g.They spent two years（in）building this bridge.造這座橋花了他們兩年時(shí)間。（3）cost的主語是物或某種活動，還可以表示 “值”，常見的用法如下：1“sth. cost（sb.）+金錢”表示 某物花了（某人）多少錢”e.g.A new computer costs a lot of money.買一臺新電腦要花一

11、大筆錢。2“（doing）sth. cost（sb.）+時(shí)間”表示 做某事）某物花了（某人）多少時(shí)間”e.g.Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.他花了大量的時(shí)間才記住了這些新單詞。（4）take常見的用法有以下幾種：1“It takes/took sb. +時(shí)間+ to do sth.表示 做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間”e.g.It tookthem three years to build this road.他們用了三年時(shí)間修完了這條路。2“doi ng sth. takes sb. +時(shí)間”表示做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間”e.g.

12、Repairi ng thiscar took him the whole afternoon.公共汽車司機(jī)應(yīng)對乘客的安全我每個(gè)月要付給他們20他花了一整下午修這輛小汽車。8Well, I usually try to get one for free from outside the library哦，我通常試圖從圖書館外免費(fèi)拿一份try to do sth.,意為“盡力、設(shè)法去做某事 ”，強(qiáng)調(diào)付出一定的努力或想方設(shè)法地去 完成。I ll try to come early tomorrow.我明天盡量早點(diǎn)兒來。辨析：try doing sth.意為 “嘗試著做某事e.g.If you li

13、ke, you can try watching it.如果你喜歡，你可以試著看一下。拓展：try/do one s best to do stlh.為 盡某人全力去做某事 ”e.g.We should try our best to practice speaking English.我們應(yīng)盡力來練習(xí)說英語。try on意為試穿”e.g.Can I try it on?我可以試穿一下嗎?3try也可用作名詞，意為 嘗試”e.g.I can t open this doorwill you have a try?我打不開這扇門 你來試試行嗎?9I also have the habit of

14、reading English for half an hour every morning.我也有每天早上讀半小時(shí)英語的習(xí)慣。have the habit of doi ng意為“有干某事的習(xí)慣 ”。e.g.My mother has the habit of getting up early.，不一定付出很大努力我媽媽有早起的習(xí)慣。He has habit of smoking during meals.他有吃飯時(shí)吸煙的習(xí)慣。10Were you nervous before the speech?在演講前你緊張嗎?nervous意為“焦慮的，緊張的 ”，形容詞作表語，可以與動詞get/

15、feel，系動詞be連用。e.g.Don t be nervous! The doctor just wants to help you.別緊張!醫(yī)生只是想幫助你。I felt very nervous when I went into his office.當(dāng)我走進(jìn)他的辦公室時(shí)，我感到很緊張。11She was on her way to the library to return the books.她正走在去圖書館還書的路上。(1) the way to ?意為 去.的路”其中the可以用物主代詞替換。如果表示 地點(diǎn)的詞是副詞home, there, here等時(shí)，則不用介詞to。way

16、為名詞，意為“路； 道路” 其常用的搭配還有on one s wy to + n.或on one s wa屮adv.,意為 在 去的路上”e.g.I see some beautiful flowers on my may home.在回家的路上，我看到一些美麗的花。On my way to the school I met my head teacher.上學(xué)路上我遇到了班主任。( 2) return在句中意為 “歸還 ”，相當(dāng)于give sth. back.e.g.Return the book to the library.把書歸還給圖書館12 . but I haven t felt

17、Ionely at a但我一點(diǎn)也不感到孤獨(dú)。(1 )辨析：lonely與aloneIonely一般只用作形容詞，表示 孤單的，孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的”，在句中既可作表 語，又可作定語。lonely修飾物時(shí)，意為 “荒涼的 ”。e.g.When his wife and two little children left him, he was very lonely.妻子和兩個(gè)孩子離他而去后，他很孤獨(dú)。This is a lonely mountain village.這是一個(gè)荒涼的小山村。alone作形容詞時(shí)，意為單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的；獨(dú)一無二的”，通常只用作表語。 用作 副詞，表示 “獨(dú)自地，單獨(dú)地 ”之

18、意，相當(dāng)于by oneself。此外，alone用在 名 詞或代詞之后，意為 “只有，唯有，僅僅 ，。e.g.Tom alone knew what had happened.只有湯姆知道發(fā)生了什么事。3Ionely指人孤獨(dú)寂寞， 或指地方荒無人煙， 有濃厚的傷感色彩。alone表示單 獨(dú)， 獨(dú)自一人 ， ，不含感情色彩。e.g.He doesn t feel lonely though he lives alone.盡管他獨(dú)自生活，但他并不感到孤獨(dú)。(2) notat all意為一點(diǎn). 也不；根本不”，是完全否定。e.g.1 don t like it /them at a我根本不喜歡它(它們)。He can not swim at all.他根本就不會游泳。She doesn t love me at all.她根本就不愛我。三、語法點(diǎn)撥 should與ought to的用法1 .一般說來，兩者可替換，只是ought to語氣稍重。e.g.You ought to (should) go and see Mary sometime.你應(yīng)該什么時(shí)候去看看瑪麗The train ought to (should) have arrived at six.火車本應(yīng)該6點(diǎn)鐘到的。Such things