商務(wù)合同翻譯..復(fù)習(xí)課程

1、商務(wù)英語翻譯商務(wù)英語翻譯(fny)Translation of Business English第一頁，共69頁。 商務(wù)(shngw)合同與協(xié)議翻譯n商務(wù)(shngw)合同與協(xié)議的詞匯特征n商務(wù)(shngw)合同與協(xié)議的文體特征n商務(wù)(shngw)合同與協(xié)議的翻譯第二頁，共69頁。商務(wù)(shngw)合同nContract: an agreement establishing, modifying and terminating the civil rights and obligations between subjects of equal footing, that is, between

2、 natural persons, legal persons or other organizations.n合同是平等(pngdng)主體的自然人、法人、其他組織之間設(shè)立、變更、終止民事權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系的協(xié)議。第三頁，共69頁。商務(wù)合同(h tong)的構(gòu)成n國際通用的英文商務(wù)合同內(nèi)容大致可以分為三個部分：n 一、 約首(the head): 包括合同標(biāo)題和前言。前言中包括 n 1） 訂約時間 date of signingn 2) 訂約地點 place of signing n 3) 合同當(dāng)事人 signing parties n 4) 當(dāng)事人合法依據(jù) each partys authori

3、ty n 5) 定約(dn yu)緣由 Recitals of “whereas” Clause第四頁，共69頁。商務(wù)合同(h tong)的構(gòu)成n國際通用的英文商務(wù)合同內(nèi)容大致可以(ky)分為三個部分：n 二、 本文(the body): n 1) 一般條款 general terms and conditionsn 2) 特殊條款n三、約尾（the tail): 合同份數(shù)、使用的文字及其效力、合同附件的效力、簽名、蓋章條款等。第五頁，共69頁。商務(wù)(shngw)合同及協(xié)議的詞匯特征n1 使用(shyng)古體詞ne.g. 1) This agreement shall begin on th

4、e date hereof and shall continue for 5 years thereafter.n2) In the event of the death of any partner, this partnership shall not be thereby dissolved.n3) For any business transacted between governments of both Parties, Party A may handle such direct dealings as authorized by Party As government with

5、out binding himself to this Agreement. Party B shall not interfere in such direct dealings nor shall Party B bring forward any demand for compensation wherefrom.第六頁，共69頁。naforesaidnaforementionednforthwithnhereafternherebynhereinnhereonn 前述的n 上述的n 隨即(suj) n 之后n 據(jù)此n 本文件中n 于是；關(guān)于這個 第七頁，共69頁。nhereofnthe

6、reinntheretonthereinafterntheretoforenthereuntonthereuponn 于此n 在其中n 到那里n 以下(yxi)；在下文n 直到那時n 在那里n 就該事 第八頁，共69頁。ntherewithnthereonnhereundernherewithnheretoforenhereinbeforenhereinafternthereaboutn 與此n 關(guān)于(guny)n 在下文n 隨附n 迄今為止n 此前n 大約第九頁，共69頁。nthereafternthereatnwhereasnwhereonnwherebynwhereinnhitherto

7、nwhereasnin witness whereofn 此后(c hu)，據(jù)此n 因此n 鑒于n 關(guān)于那；在其上n 由是；憑那個n 在其中n 迄今n鑒于n以茲為證第十頁，共69頁。n合同中還會出現(xiàn)一些(yxi)少見的詞匯n e.g. The total Contract price to be paid by Party A pursuant to the Content and Scope of the Contract as stipulated in Section 2 of the Contract is _.n 按本合同第二章規(guī)定的合同內(nèi)容和范圍，甲方向乙方支付的合同總價為_。n

8、pursuant to: according to第十一頁，共69頁。商務(wù)(shngw)合同及協(xié)議的詞匯特征n2 使用外來詞n pro rate tax rate 比例稅率(shul)n in lieu of 代替n force majeure 不可抗力n agent ad litem 委托代理人n insurance premium per capita 人均保險費第十二頁，共69頁。商務(wù)(shngw)合同及協(xié)議的詞匯特征n3 選詞(xun c)正式n n因為(yn wi)n財務(wù)年度末n在之前n關(guān)于n開始n停止做n事實上n認(rèn)為n愿意做n by virtue ofn at the close

9、of the fiscal yearn prior ton as regards/concerning/relating ton commencementn cease to don in effectn deemn intend/desire to do第十三頁，共69頁。商務(wù)合同(h tong)及協(xié)議的詞匯特征n3 選詞(xun c)正式n n賠償n出租n終止(zhngzh)n違約n理解合同n其他事項n何時開會并由某某主持n indemnitiesn leasen terminaten breachn construe/comprehend a contractn miscellaneou

10、sn the meeting shall be convened and presided by sb.第十四頁，共69頁。商務(wù)(shngw)合同及協(xié)議的詞匯特征n3 選詞正式n e.g. Any event or circumstance beyond the control of the Parties shall be deemed an event of Force Majeure and shall include, but not be restricted to, fire, storm, flood, earthquake, explosion, war, rebellion,

11、 insurrection, epidemic and quarantine restriction.n 雙方如遇有無法控制的事件(shjin)或情況應(yīng)視為不可抗力事件(shjin)，但不限于火災(zāi)、風(fēng)災(zāi)、水災(zāi)、地震、爆炸、戰(zhàn)爭、叛亂、暴動、傳染病及瘟疫。n 第十五頁，共69頁。商務(wù)合同及協(xié)議(xiy)的詞匯特征n4 多用術(shù)語ne.g. In processing transactions, the manufactures never have title either to the materials or the finished products.n在加工貿(mào)易中，生產(chǎn)方對原材料和產(chǎn)成品都

12、沒有所有權(quán)。nThe lead Partner submits a copy of the short term cash flow which covers the period September 2005 to February 2006. Mr. Smith highlights the main items of the cash flow which are the Endowment fund the Advance Payment as far as the Receipt is concerned and the down payment for TBMs and plant

13、s, purchase of fixed assets and the advance payment to subcontractors for the Expenditures.n 責(zé)任方遞交了一份從2005年9月到2006年2月間的短期(dun q)現(xiàn)金流量表。史密斯先生強調(diào)指出：主要的現(xiàn)金流就收入款項而言有集資款和預(yù)付款，就支出款項而言有TBM(隧洞掘進(jìn)機(jī)）設(shè)備定金、固定資產(chǎn)購置費和分包商預(yù)付款。第十六頁，共69頁。商務(wù)(shngw)合同及協(xié)議的詞匯特征n4 多用術(shù)語(shy)nEx Works (named place) 工廠交貨（指定地點）nFCA: Free Carrier (n

14、amed place) 貨交承運人（指定地點）nFAS: Free Alongside Ship(named port of shipment)船邊交貨（指定裝運港）nFOB: Free On Board(named port of shipment) 船上交貨（指定裝運港）nCFR: Cost& Freight (named port of destination)成本加運費（指定目的港）nCIF: Cost, Insurance and Freight (named port of destination) 成本，保險加運費（指定目的港）第十七頁，共69頁。商務(wù)合同及協(xié)議的詞匯(c

15、hu)特征n4 多用術(shù)語nCPT: Carriage Paid To (named place of destination) 運費付至（指定目的港）nCIP: Carriage and Insurance Paid To (named place of destination) 運費保險費付至（指定目的港）nDAF: Delivered at Frontier (named place) 邊境(binjng)交貨（指定地點）nDES: Delivered ex Ship(named port of destination) 船上交貨（指定目的港）nDEQ: Delivered ex Quay

16、 (named place of destination)碼頭交易（指定目的地）nDDU: Delivered Duty Unpaid (named place of destination) 未完稅交貨（指定目的地）nDDP: Delivered Duty Paid (named place of destination) 完稅后交貨（指定目的地）第十八頁，共69頁。商務(wù)合同及協(xié)議的詞匯(chu)特征n 5 多用并列結(jié)構(gòu)ne.g. This agreement is made and entered into by and between Party A and Party B.n本協(xié)議由甲

17、方和乙方共同制定。nThis agreement and any rights or obligations hereunder are not transferable or assignable by one party to this Agreement without the consent of the other party hereto.n本協(xié)議以及本協(xié)議所規(guī)定的權(quán)利或義務(wù)，未經(jīng)另一方同意不得擅自轉(zhuǎn)讓。nThe buyer is responsible for the following costs and charges in the sale and transport of

18、 goods.n買方承擔(dān)貨物運輸和銷售(xioshu)中的成本和費用。第十九頁，共69頁。商務(wù)合同及協(xié)議的詞匯(chu)特征n 6 May, shall, must, may not (或shall not) 的使用n nmay 旨在約定當(dāng)事人的權(quán)利（可以做什么）nshall約定當(dāng)事人的義務(wù)（應(yīng)當(dāng)做什么時候(sh hou)）n must 用于強制性義務(wù)（必須做什么）n may not (或shall not)用于禁止性義務(wù)（不得做什么）nmay do 不能說成can do，shall do，不能說成should do 或ought to donmay not do 在美國一些法律文件可以用sh

19、all not，但絕不能用can not do或must not。第二十頁，共69頁。Case StudynThe parties hereto shall, first of all, settle any dispute arising from or in connection with the contract by friendly negotiations. Should such negotiations fail, such dispute may be referred to the Peoples Court having jurisdiction on such disp

20、ute for settlement in the absence of any arbitration clause in the disputed contract or in default of agreement reached after such dispute occurs. n雙方首先應(yīng)通過友好協(xié)商，解決因合同而發(fā)生的或與合同有關(guān)的爭議。如果協(xié)商未果，合同中又無仲裁條款約定或爭議發(fā)生后未就仲裁達(dá)成協(xié)議的，可將爭議提交(tjio)有管轄權(quán)的人民法院解決。 第二十一頁，共69頁。Practicen下述簽署(qinsh)人同意在中國制造新產(chǎn)品。n合同生效后，當(dāng)事人就質(zhì)量、價格或者報

21、酬、履行地點等內(nèi)容沒有約定或者約定不明確的，可以協(xié)議補充。n買賣雙方同意按下述條款購買出售下列產(chǎn)品并簽訂合同。第二十二頁，共69頁。nThe undersigned hereby agrees that the new products are to be made in China.nIf, after the contract made by and between the parties becomes effective, there is no agreement regarding quality, price, or remuneration and place of perfo

22、rmance, etc.or such agreement is unclear, the parties may, through consultation, agree upon supplementary terms and provisions.nThis Contract is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller, whereby the Buyer agrees to buy and the Sellers agrees to sell the undermentioned commodity subject to the te

23、rms and conditions stipulated below.第二十三頁，共69頁。PracticenThis letter of intent is confidential and shall not be disclosed to anyone other than the parties and their employees, attorneys and accountants and the possible lenders of the Possible Buyer. The terms of the transaction being discussed are at

24、tached hereto, but the terms (and the possible sale itself) are not binding unless and until they are set forth in a written contract signed by the Possible Seller and the Possible Buyer.第二十四頁，共69頁。n本意向書為保密文件。除了本意向書雙方及其雇員、律師、會計師和可能買方的可能貸款方之外，任何一方不得向任何其他第三方透露。隨附本次協(xié)商交易條款，但除非且直到可能的買賣雙方簽署書面協(xié)議，這些條款（及可能銷售

25、本身(bnshn)）將不具有約束力。第二十五頁，共69頁。商務(wù)合同與協(xié)議(xiy)的文本特征n1 多用陳述句和現(xiàn)在時n陳述句： 闡述、解釋、說明(shumng)、規(guī)定和判斷，語言顯得比較客觀、平實。n現(xiàn)在時：在合同所涉及的內(nèi)容中，將來的事情遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于現(xiàn)在，但是對此類事物的講述一律用現(xiàn)在時，而不用將來時。第二十六頁，共69頁。商務(wù)合同(h tong)與協(xié)議的文本特征n2 多用條件句nIn case a third party brings a charge of infringement, licensor shall be responsible for dealing with the thi

26、rd party and bear full legal and financial responsibilities which may arise.n若第三方起訴侵權(quán)，出讓方應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)處理第三方事物，并承擔(dān)全部相應(yīng)的法律(fl)和財政責(zé)任。第二十七頁，共69頁。商務(wù)合同與協(xié)議(xiy)的文本特征n2 多用條件句nShould the effect of Force Majeure continue more than one hundred consecutive days both parties shall settle the further execution of the Contr

27、act through friendly negotiations as soon as possible.n如不可抗力事故延續(xù)(ynx)到一百天以上時，雙方應(yīng)通過友好協(xié)商盡快解決繼續(xù)執(zhí)行合同的問題。第二十八頁，共69頁。商務(wù)合同與協(xié)議(xiy)的文本特征n2 多用條件句nWhere there come up special requirements or questions in relation to local circumstances, the Chinese Party may take them into consideration in preparing the desig

28、n. n若遇有特殊要求及涉及地域性問題(wnt)，中方可在設(shè)計中加以考慮。nTitle will be transferred to the buyer while goods are delivered to New York port, provided that the buyer has paid.n如果買方已向賣方付款，在貨物到達(dá)紐約港時所有權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)至買方。第二十九頁，共69頁。商務(wù)合同與協(xié)議的文本(wnbn)特征n3 多用被動語態(tài)n Any dispute arising out of or in connection with this Contract shall be submi

29、tted to the competent court in the Peoples Republic of China.n因本合同產(chǎn)生的或與本合同有關(guān)的任何爭議，都應(yīng)交由中華人民共和國有管轄權(quán)的法院管轄。nIt is understood that the Seller shall not be liable for any discrepancy of the goods shipped due to the causes for which the Insurance Company, Shipping Company, other transportation organization

30、s and Post Office are liable.n賣方對于由保險公司、船舶公司和其他轉(zhuǎn)運單位或郵政部門(bmn)造成的損失不承擔(dān)責(zé)任。第三十頁，共69頁。商務(wù)合同與協(xié)議(xiy)的文本特征n3 多用長句(chn j)n In the event of a Subcontractor having undertaken towards the Contractor in respect of the work executed; or the goods, materials, Plant or services supplied by such Subcontractor, any

31、continuing obligation for a period exceeding that of the Defects Liability Period under the Contract, the Contractor shall at any time, after the expiration of such period, as sign to the Employer, at the Employers request and cost, the benefit of such obligation for the unexpired duration thereof.第

32、三十一頁，共69頁。n當(dāng)分包商在所進(jìn)行的工作，或其提供的貨物、材料、工程設(shè)備或服務(wù)等方面，為承包商承擔(dān)了合同規(guī)定的缺陷責(zé)任期限結(jié)束后的任何(rnh)延長期間須繼續(xù)承擔(dān)的任何(rnh)連續(xù)義務(wù)時，承包商在根據(jù)雇主的要求和由雇主承擔(dān)費用的情況下，在缺陷責(zé)任期滿之后的任何(rnh)時間，將上述未終止的此類義務(wù)的權(quán)益轉(zhuǎn)讓給雇主。第三十二頁，共69頁。Case StudynParty A further unconditionally and irrevocably agrees to indemnify Party B against all actions, proceedings, claims,

33、 demands, losses, liabilities, damages, costs, charges and expenses of whatever nature which may result or which Party B may incur or sustain directly or indirectly arising from or in connection with the Guarantee and to repay to Party B immediately all amount paid by Party B in connection with said

34、 Guarantee, together with all costs of collection, including reasonable attorneys fees if permitted by law, which may be incurred by way of legal proceedings or otherwise.第三十三頁，共69頁。n甲方進(jìn)一步無條件和不可撤消地同意就任何性質(zhì)的直接或間接因有關(guān)保證引起或與有關(guān)保證相關(guān)而可能導(dǎo)致或乙方可能招致或蒙受的一切訴訟、法律程序、索賠、要求、損失、法律責(zé)任、損害賠償、成本、收費(shu fi)和支出向乙方作出賠償，并連同所有收

35、款費用，包括法律程序或其他方式可能發(fā)生并為法律所容許的合理的律師代理費，立即向乙方償還乙方就上述有關(guān)保證支付的所有款額。第三十四頁，共69頁。商務(wù)合同(h tong)與協(xié)議的文本特征n5 條目化和程式化nA) subject to/without prejudice tone.g. The determination of quality of Rock Phosphate is subject to the results of analysis of the representative samples drawn from the actually landed cargo, condu

36、cted by the China Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau after arrival of the goods at destination.n磷酸巖質(zhì)量的確定，以代表性樣品的化驗結(jié)果為準(zhǔn)。代表性樣品在貨物達(dá)到目的地后自實際到貨中抽取，抽樣及化驗均由中國出入境檢驗(jinyn)檢疫局辦理。第三十五頁，共69頁。商務(wù)(shngw)合同與協(xié)議的文本特征n5 條目化和程式化nA) subject to/without prejudice tone.g. Subject to this section, an appeal shall

37、be brought in such manner and shall be subject to such conditions as are predicted by rules made under subsection.n在符合本條(bn tio)的規(guī)定下，上訴須按根據(jù)款訂立的規(guī)則內(nèi)訂明的方式提出，并須受該規(guī)則所訂明的條件規(guī)限。第三十六頁，共69頁。nWithout prejudice to your powers and discretions, we hereby authorize you or your agents to take any actions including

38、but not limited to the following.n不使貴行權(quán)利和任意決定受到損害，本公司茲授權(quán)貴行或貴行代理，采取包括但不限于以下(yxi)的任何行動。第三十七頁，共69頁。商務(wù)合同(h tong)與協(xié)議的文本特征n 5 條目化和程式化nB) otherwise ne.g. Unless otherwise specified in the Contract, the supplied goods shall be packed by standard protective measures.n除非合同另有規(guī)定，賣方所提供的全部貨物，均應(yīng)按標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的保護(hù)措施進(jìn)行包裝。nNo cl

39、aim shall be recoverable hereunder if the benefit of the contract herein contained shall become vested in any other person or persons at law or in equity otherwise than by will or operation of law, unless the written consent of the insurer thereto shall have first been obtained.n如果本單所包含的合約利益，不用遺囑或不運

40、用法律的方式歸于正在打官司的其他任何人，就不可取得(qd)所索的賠償，除非首先得到承保人對此的書面同意。第三十八頁，共69頁。商務(wù)(shngw)合同與協(xié)議的文本特征n 5 條目化和程式化nC) for the purpose of ne.g. For the purpose of this Agreement, each of the following terms shall have the following meaning respectively.n就本協(xié)議目的而言，下列各用語(yngy)分別具有下述意義。nFor the purposes of subsection (3) per

41、mission shall be in writing and n就第（3）款而言，許可須為書面形式而且第三十九頁，共69頁。商務(wù)合同(h tong)與協(xié)議的翻譯n1 謹(jǐn)慎選用極易混淆的詞語謹(jǐn)慎選用極易混淆的詞語 n 英譯商務(wù)英譯商務(wù)(shngw)合同時，常常由于選同不當(dāng)而合同時，常常由于選同不當(dāng)而導(dǎo)致詞不達(dá)意或者意思模棱兩可，有時甚至表達(dá)的是導(dǎo)致詞不達(dá)意或者意思模棱兩可，有時甚至表達(dá)的是完全不同的含義。如下列詞語：完全不同的含義。如下列詞語： nAshipping advice 與與 shipping instructions nBabide by 與與 comply with nC. ch

42、ange A to B 與與 change A into B nD. ex 與與 per nE. in 與與 after nF. on/upon 與與 after nG. by 與與 before 第四十頁，共69頁。nA shipping advice 與shipping instructionsnshipping advice: 裝運通知(tngzh)，是由出口商發(fā)給進(jìn)口商的。nshipping instructions: 裝運須知，是進(jìn)口商發(fā)給出口商的。nvendor& vendee: 賣主& 買主nconsignor& consignee: 發(fā)貨人&收貨

43、人第四十一頁，共69頁。nB abide by與comply withnabide by: 遵守，主語須是“人”ncomply with: 遵守，主語是非(shfi)人稱。ne.g. Both parties shall abide by/All the activities of both parties shall comply with the contractual stipulations.n雙方都應(yīng)遵守/雙方的一切活動都應(yīng)遵守合同規(guī)定。第四十二頁，共69頁。nC change A to B與change A into Bnchange A to B: 把A改為Bnchange A

44、into B: 把A折合(zhh)成/兌換成Bne.g. Both parties agree that change the time of shipment to August and change US dollar into RMB.n交貨期改為8月并將美元折合(zhh)成人民幣。第四十三頁，共69頁。nD ex與pernex: 由某輪船“運來”的貨物nper: 由某輪船“運走”的貨物nby: 由某輪船“承運”ne.g. The last batch per/ex/by S.S. “Victoria” will arrive in London on October 1st.n由“維多

45、利亞”輪運走/運來/承運的最后一批貨將于10月1日抵達(dá)(dd)倫敦。第四十四頁，共69頁。nE in與afternin: “多少天之后(zhhu)”的確切的一天nafter:“多少天之后(zhhu)”的不確切的任何的一天ne.g. The goods shall be shipped per M.V. “Dong Feng” on November 10 and are due to arrive at Rotterdam in 41 days.n該貨于11月10日由“東風(fēng)”輪運出，41天后抵達(dá)鹿特丹港。第四十五頁，共69頁。nF on/upon與afternon/upon: 到后，就naft

46、er: “之后”的時間不明確(mngqu)ne.g. The invoice value is to be paid on/upon arrival.n發(fā)票貨值必須貨到付給。第四十六頁，共69頁。nG by與beforenby: 在翻譯終止時間時，比如(br)在“某月某日之前”，如果包括所寫日期，就用by.nbefore: 如果不包括所寫日期，即指到所寫日期的前一天為止，就用before.ne.g. The vendor shall deliver the goods to the vendee by June 15（before June 16)n賣方須在6月15日前將貨交給買方。第四十七頁

47、，共69頁。n2 慎重處理合同慎重處理合同(h tong)的關(guān)鍵細(xì)目的關(guān)鍵細(xì)目 nA. 限定責(zé)任限定責(zé)任 na. and/or ne.g. 如果上述貨物對船舶和（或）船上其他貨如果上述貨物對船舶和（或）船上其他貨物造成任何損害，托運人應(yīng)負(fù)全責(zé)。物造成任何損害，托運人應(yīng)負(fù)全責(zé)。n The shipper shall be liable for all damage caused by such goods to the ship and /or cargo on board.第四十八頁，共69頁。nb. by and between ne.g. 買賣雙方同意按照下述條款(tiokun)購買、出售

48、下列商品并簽訂本合同。nThis Contract is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller, whereby the Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell under mentioned commodity subject to the terms and conditions stipulated below.第四十九頁，共69頁。n2 慎重處理合同的關(guān)鍵細(xì)目慎重處理合同的關(guān)鍵細(xì)目 nB. 限定時間限定時間(shjin) na. on and after/on or befo

49、re ne.g. 自自9月月20日起，甲方已無權(quán)接受任何訂單或收據(jù)。日起，甲方已無權(quán)接受任何訂單或收據(jù)。n Party A shall be unauthorized to accept any orders or to collect any account on and after September 20.n我公司的條件是，我公司的條件是，3個月內(nèi)，即不得晚于個月內(nèi)，即不得晚于5月月1日，支付日，支付現(xiàn)金?，F(xiàn)金。n Our terms are cash within three months, i.e. on or before May 1st.第五十頁，共69頁。n2 慎重處理合同的關(guān)

50、鍵細(xì)目慎重處理合同的關(guān)鍵細(xì)目 nB. 限定時間限定時間 nb. not (no) later than ne.g. 本合同簽字本合同簽字(qin z)之日起一個月內(nèi)，即不之日起一個月內(nèi)，即不遲于遲于12月月15日，你方須將貨物裝船。日，你方須將貨物裝船。n Party B shall ship the goods within one month of the date of signing this Contract, i.e., not later than December 15.第五十一頁，共69頁。n2 慎重處理合同的關(guān)鍵細(xì)目慎重處理合同的關(guān)鍵細(xì)目 nB. 限定時間限定時間 nc.

51、include的相應(yīng)形式的相應(yīng)形式(xngsh)： inclusive; including; included.ne.g. 本證在北京議付，有效期至本證在北京議付，有效期至1月月1日。日。n This credit expires till January 1st (inclusive) /till and including January 1st for negotiation in Beijing.n如果不包含如果不包含1月月1日，則翻譯為日，則翻譯為 till and not including January1st第五十二頁，共69頁。n2 慎重處理合同的關(guān)鍵細(xì)目慎重處理合同的關(guān)鍵

52、細(xì)目nC. 限定金額限定金額 na. 大寫大寫(dxi)文字重復(fù)金額文字重復(fù)金額 ne.g. 聘方每月付給受聘方美元聘方每月付給受聘方美元500元整。元整。nParty A shall pay Party B a monthly salary of US $500 (SAY FIVE HUNDRED US DOLLARS ONLY).第五十三頁，共69頁。n2 慎重處理合同的關(guān)鍵細(xì)目慎重處理合同的關(guān)鍵細(xì)目nC. 限定金額限定金額 nb. 正確使用正確使用(shyng)貨幣符號貨幣符號 n$ 即可以代表即可以代表“美元美元”也可以代表其他地方的也可以代表其他地方的貨幣。貨幣。n金額數(shù)字必須緊靠貨

53、幣符號金額數(shù)字必須緊靠貨幣符號 e.g. US$400. 此外，此外，還要注意小數(shù)點和逗號，務(wù)必看清楚。還要注意小數(shù)點和逗號，務(wù)必看清楚。第五十四頁，共69頁。涉外商務(wù)合同翻譯中句子成分涉外商務(wù)合同翻譯中句子成分(j zichngfn)的轉(zhuǎn)換的轉(zhuǎn)換1） 主語的轉(zhuǎn)換主語的轉(zhuǎn)換 A. 主語轉(zhuǎn)換為謂語主語轉(zhuǎn)換為謂語原文的主語為動作性的名詞，且采用被動原文的主語為動作性的名詞，且采用被動語態(tài)。譯成漢語語態(tài)。譯成漢語(Hny)時，須將英語的時，須將英語的被動語態(tài)調(diào)整為漢語被動語態(tài)調(diào)整為漢語(Hny)的主動語態(tài)，的主動語態(tài)，進(jìn)行翻譯轉(zhuǎn)換。進(jìn)行翻譯轉(zhuǎn)換。第五十五頁，共69頁。Case StudynDeliv

54、ery must be effected within the time stated on the purchase order, otherwise the Buyer may at its option cancel the order without cost to him, and charge the Seller for any loss incurred as a result of the latters failure to make such delivery.n賣方必須(bx)在購貨訂單規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)交貨，否則，買方可取消合同，而不承擔(dān)任何損失，并要求賣方賠償由不交貨所造

55、成的一切損失。第五十六頁，共69頁。nB. 主語轉(zhuǎn)換為賓語n原文的主語往往為普通名詞，且常常采用被動語態(tài)。譯成漢語時，將英語的被動語態(tài)改譯成漢語的主動語態(tài)，主語轉(zhuǎn)換為賓語。如：nShould all or part of the Contract and its appendices be unable to be fulfilled owing to the fault of one party, the breaching party shall bear the responsibilities thus caused.n由于一方(y fn)過失，致使不能履行或不能完全履行本合同及其附件

56、時，由過失方承擔(dān)違約責(zé)任。第五十七頁，共69頁。nC. 主語轉(zhuǎn)換為定語n如果主語和賓語之間的關(guān)系密切，或賓語本身就是主語的一部分，譯成漢語時，為使譯文符合漢語的表達(dá)(biod)習(xí)慣，往往把原文的主語轉(zhuǎn)換為定語：nEach Party is liable to the Joint Venture Company only up to the limit of the capital subscribed by it.n各方對合資公司的責(zé)任以各自認(rèn)繳的出資額為限。第五十八頁，共69頁。n2） 賓語的轉(zhuǎn)換賓語的轉(zhuǎn)換nA. 賓語轉(zhuǎn)換為主語賓語轉(zhuǎn)換為主語n合同英語中的某些動詞賓語，在邏輯合同英語中的某些

57、動詞賓語，在邏輯(lu j)上是應(yīng)說明上是應(yīng)說明的主體，為使其突出醒目，翻譯時一般將其轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語的主體，為使其突出醒目，翻譯時一般將其轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語的主語。的主語。nParty A shall send twice its technical personnel to Party Bs factory for training, and the total number of the participants shall not exceed 320 (excluding the interpreter).n甲方的技術(shù)人員將分兩批赴乙方接受培訓(xùn)，參加培訓(xùn)人甲方的技術(shù)人員將分兩批赴乙方接受培訓(xùn)，參加

58、培訓(xùn)人員不超過員不超過320人（翻譯人員除外）。人（翻譯人員除外）。第五十九頁，共69頁。nB. 賓語轉(zhuǎn)換為謂語n如果原文的謂語動詞不易處理成漢語的謂語，而原文中的賓語又是含有動作意義的名詞，那么(n me)在漢譯時可以將原文中的賓語轉(zhuǎn)換成漢語的謂語，或與原文動詞一起合譯為漢語的謂語。如：nThe Licenser will, at its own cost, take such actions to eliminate infringement of the Licensed Patents as may be reasonably necessary and proper in its o

59、wn opinion. n許可方應(yīng)在其認(rèn)為有必要的時候，以適當(dāng)?shù)姆绞?，自費采取行動，消除對特許專利的侵權(quán)。第六十頁，共69頁。n3） 表語的轉(zhuǎn)換表語的轉(zhuǎn)換nA. 表語轉(zhuǎn)換為主語表語轉(zhuǎn)換為主語n在英語中，當(dāng)用名詞作表語時，主語和表語在英語中，當(dāng)用名詞作表語時，主語和表語所表達(dá)內(nèi)容往往所表達(dá)內(nèi)容往往(wngwng)是一致的。在譯是一致的。在譯成漢語時，為使上下文連貫，或突出表語所成漢語時，為使上下文連貫，或突出表語所述內(nèi)容，可將原文句中的表語轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語的述內(nèi)容，可將原文句中的表語轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語的主語。主語。 nThis is the final arbitration award and bindin

60、g on both Contracting Parties. n這一仲裁是終局性的，對雙方均有約束力。這一仲裁是終局性的，對雙方均有約束力。第六十一頁，共69頁。nB. 表語轉(zhuǎn)換為謂語n當(dāng)介詞和名詞構(gòu)成短語作表語時，其功能類似于漢語的謂語部分，一般可選擇一個適當(dāng)?shù)臐h語動詞作為謂語來處理譯文。 nIn the course of arbitration, the Contract shall be continuously executed by both parties except the part of the Contract which is under arbitration.n在仲裁過程(guchng)中，除了正在仲