英語(yǔ)名詞講解

1、漢堡包 水果 西紅柿 大米；米飯草莓 雞肉 牛奶 吃 面包 健康的 事物 hamburger fruit tomato rice strawberry chicken milk eat bread healthy thing 容易的 在.后面 梨子 食物蔬菜 胡蘿卜 習(xí)慣 午餐早餐 晚餐 肥胖的 easy after pear food vegetable carrot habit lunch breakfast dinner fat名詞（名詞（n.）：）：概念：概念： 是表示人、事物、是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名稱(chēng)的詞。抽象概念等名稱(chēng)的詞。根據(jù)其詞匯意義，名詞根據(jù)其詞匯意義，名詞可分為可分為

2、 專(zhuān)有名詞專(zhuān)有名詞和和普通名普通名詞詞。名詞：nouns普通名詞：普通名詞：指表示一類(lèi)人、東西、抽象概念的名詞。 例如：例如： 表示東西、事物的表示東西、事物的。 如如book、computer、tree、chopsticks(筷子筷子) 表示一類(lèi)人的。表示一類(lèi)人的。如如 boy 、girl、woman、man、teacher、father 表示抽象概念，像人的情感、品質(zhì)、精神表示抽象概念，像人的情感、品質(zhì)、精神的的。如。如 happiness 、trouble、pleasure（愉（愉快、快樂(lè)）、快、快樂(lè)）、industry（勤勞）（勤勞）辨認(rèn)下列哪些是名詞，哪些不是名詞：computer，

3、 take coffee， water，run. notebook. bring, table, sport interesting, Monday age new actor sell 專(zhuān)有名詞專(zhuān)有名詞: 指表示人、地方、機(jī)構(gòu)、組織等指表示人、地方、機(jī)構(gòu)、組織等的的專(zhuān)有名稱(chēng)專(zhuān)有名稱(chēng)。 具體說(shuō)來(lái)，它包括人名、具體說(shuō)來(lái)，它包括人名、國(guó)家、國(guó)家、地名、月份、星期、節(jié)日、書(shū)名、電地名、月份、星期、節(jié)日、書(shū)名、電影名以及某些抽象名詞等影名以及某些抽象名詞等。Jim 吉姆吉姆 China 中國(guó)中國(guó) Mr. Smith 史密斯先生史密斯先生July 七月七月 Friday 星期五星期五 the Yello

4、w River 黃河黃河Christmas 圣誕節(jié)圣誕節(jié) English 英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ) A Tale of Two Cities 雙城記雙城記名詞名詞：可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)變變可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化：1. 可數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化的規(guī)則變化：(1) 一般情況加詞尾一般情況加詞尾 -s，如，如 book-books, desk-desks等。等。(2) 以以 s, x, sh, ch 等結(jié)尾的名詞，通常加詞等結(jié)尾的名詞，通常加詞尾尾 -es：bus -buses, box -boxes, dish-dishes，match-matches（

5、比賽），（比賽），watch-watches等。等。Practice:There are many (bus) and (car) on the street.I have two (watch), so I give a (watch) to my sister.Yesterday I went to the supermarket and bought some （dish）carsbuseswatcheswatchdishes3) 以以“o”結(jié)尾的名詞結(jié)尾的名詞,有生命詞尾有生命詞尾es；如如tomato- tomatoes； potato- potatoeshero(英雄英雄)-her

6、oes 無(wú)生命的無(wú)生命的名詞名詞，加詞尾，加詞尾s；如；如radioradios（收音機(jī)）；（收音機(jī)）； piano-pianos但注意但注意photophotos（相片）（相片）4) 以以y 結(jié)尾的名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成要分兩種情結(jié)尾的名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成要分兩種情況：況：以以“輔音字母輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的名詞，將結(jié)尾的名詞，將 y 改為改為ies；如：如： city-cities, baby-babies以以“元音字母元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的名詞，直接加詞尾結(jié)尾的名詞，直接加詞尾-s：如：如：toy / toys, holiday / holidays 等。等。5)以以f或或fe結(jié)尾的名詞，多數(shù)變結(jié)尾的

7、名詞，多數(shù)變f或或fe為為v加加es:如：如： wife-wives, knife-knives（小刀），（小刀），Leaf-leaves（樹(shù)葉）；（樹(shù)葉）；life-lives(生命生命)，scarf-scarves(圍巾圍巾) 記住以下記住以下10個(gè)要把個(gè)要把f或者或者fe改成改成v加加es的單詞：的單詞：wife(妻子)，life(生命)，knife(小刀)，leaf(樹(shù)葉)，thief(賊)，half(一半)，self(自己)，shelf(架子)，loaf(面包)，wolf(狼)。重點(diǎn)但但roof-roofs(屋頂屋頂)是例外！是例外！練習(xí)：練習(xí)：寫(xiě)出下列單詞的單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式frien

8、dcattreessquestionsskeystoysphotostomatoespotatoesleaf /leaveszoosradiosholidaysbaby/babiescity/citiesroofsbusesboxesWe need more (potato), can you go and take some , please ?(Knife) are used for cutting things.When we saw his face, we knew the (news) was bad.Please remember give the horse some tree

9、 (leaf).potatoesKnivesnewsleaves單復(fù)數(shù)同形單復(fù)數(shù)同形: 英語(yǔ)中，有些名詞的英語(yǔ)中，有些名詞的單數(shù)與復(fù)數(shù)同行單數(shù)與復(fù)數(shù)同行:例：例：people、Chinese、Japanese、 fish 、 deer（鹿）、（鹿）、 sheep（綿（綿羊）羊）e.g: There are many fish in the river. We have a fish for lunch.名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化 有的名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，沒(méi)有一定的規(guī)有的名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，沒(méi)有一定的規(guī)則，需特別記憶：則，需特別記憶：man / men 男人男人 woman / wom

10、en 女女人人child / children 小孩小孩 tooth / teeth 牙牙齒齒foot / feet 腳腳 goose / geese 鵝鵝mouse / mice 老鼠老鼠 ox / oxen 公公牛牛(二) 不規(guī)則變化 男人女人 a 變 e，鵝足牙 oo 變 ee； 老鼠虱子也好記，ous 變 ic； 孩子加上 ren，魚(yú)鹿綿羊不用變。6. 名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化需要特別記憶。例如man men, woman women, goose geese, foot feet, tooth teeth, mouse mice, louse (虱子) lice, child child

11、ren, fish fish, deer (鹿) deer, sheep sheep 等。 不可數(shù)名詞常用a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a bottle of等 來(lái)表示不可數(shù)名詞的量，單復(fù)數(shù)表現(xiàn)在在of前面的名詞上。 如：桌子上有一杯橙汁。 There is a glass of orange juice on the table. 這張紙是紅色的。This piece of paper is red. 這兩雙襪子5美元。These two pairs of socks are 5 dollars名詞做主語(yǔ)，名詞做主語(yǔ)，一定要注意主謂一致一定要注意主謂一致

12、 用適當(dāng)?shù)腷e動(dòng)詞填空My mother _ a beautiful woman.This pair of pants _ 20 dollars.My socks _ red.Whose pens _ there？Anns family _ all teachers.Her family _ a large one in this place.There _ a cup of coffee on the desk.These strawberries _ fresh. 寫(xiě)出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、 piano 6、child 7、

13、shelf 8、bed 9、country 10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo 16、army 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20、knife 22、sheep orangesclassestexts monkeyschildrenshelvesbedscountriesfamilies toysJapaneseradiosphotostomatoesfoxes pianosfeetwomenknivessheeparmies二、用所給的單詞的復(fù)數(shù)的正確形式填空：1There are so many

14、_(wolf)in the forest. 2.There are three _(chair) in the classroom. 3.These _ (tomato) are red. 4._(hero) are great. 5My brother looks after two _(baby) 6There are some _(deer) eating the grass.7My father likes to eat _(potato). 8 Chinese _(people)like to eat noodles.9I have a lot of _(toy) in my bed

15、room. 10I help my mother wash _(dish) in the kitchen. wolveschairstomatoesHeroes babiesdeerpotatoespeopletoysdishes11I have two_ (pencil-box). 12There are some _(bus)in the street.13Peter has eight _(foot). 14Linda has three _(tooth).15There are some _(child) in the garden. 16Michael likes the _(mou

16、se). 17There are some _(goose)in the river. 18My uncle and father are _(man). 19Tom and King are _(boy). 20Linda has three _(tooth). pencil-boxesbusesfeetteethchildrenmicegeesemenboysteeth1I can see three _ in the zoo. A monkeies B monkeys C monkey2.The pig has four _. A. foot B. feet C. foots3.My t

17、wo brothers are both _. A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen4.There are four _ in the class.A.Japanese B. Japaneses C. Japan 5.I can see ten _ in the picture.A.sheep B. dog C. pig6.The _ has three_.A.boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches7.Can you see _on the plate? A. bread B. breads C. bre

18、adesABCBACA8.The girl often brushes her_ before she goes to bed.A. tooth B. toothsC. teeth9.Mr Black often drink some _.A.milk B. milks C.milkes10.There are some _ on the floor.A.child B. water C. books11. _ will learn English. A.Woman B. Women C. Man 12.Lucy will show us some new _ of hers.A.photo

19、B. photos C. photoes13. I drank two _ .A. bottles of orange B. bottle of orangeC. bottles of oranges14.The cat eats two _ last night. A. mouses B. mice C. mouseABCCABB1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful.A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos2.This kind of car made in Shangh

20、ai. A. is B .are C .were D .has3. There are four and two in the group.A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans4. Thats art book. A. an B. a C. the D are5. The boys have got already.A.two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of breadABDAC6. The old man wants . A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes