物理學(xué)專有名詞英漢版

1、激光器 laser量子qua ntum能量en ergy晶體crystal光學(xué)optical光纖fiber方程equatio n計算calculated薄膜films測量measureme nt非線性non li near散射scatteri ng電子electro n輸出output脈沖pulse衍射diffractio n等離子體plasma物理physics耦合coupli ng頻率freque ncy半導(dǎo)體semic on ductor光束beam of light磁場magn etic波長wavele ngth吸收absorpti on光柵grati ng/raster/raster

2、display相互作用in teracti on相位 phase原子 atom輻射radiatio n強(qiáng)度inten sity相干cohere nt波導(dǎo)waveguide空間space離子ion發(fā)射emissi on噪聲no ise系數(shù)coefficie nt介質(zhì)medium電場Electric field折射率Refractive in dex厚度thick ness矩陣matrix增益gai n光譜spectra色散dispers ion粒子particle閾值threshold相變phase cha nge誤差error自旋spi n電荷charge/electric charge共振r

3、es onance能級en ergy近似approximati on放電discharge激發(fā)excitati on液晶liquid crystal躍遷tran siti on /jump/jump ing金屬metal干涉in terfere nee光場Optical field磁性magn etic相對論relativistic熒光fluoresce nee超導(dǎo)superc on duct ing咼斯gaussia n光子phot on玻璃glass中子n eutr on濺射sputteri ng基態(tài)ground state真空vacuum混沌chaotic量子力學(xué)quantum晶格lat

4、tice固體solid壓縮squeez ing沉積depositi on調(diào)制modulati on峰值peak紅外in frared壽命lifetime退火ann eali ng襯底substrate偏振polarizati on電磁場electromag netic導(dǎo)出derived反射reflect ion金剛石diam ond量子阱well缺陷defects染料dye傳播propagati on4日 參量parameters物理學(xué)physics實(shí)驗(yàn)中experime nt光強(qiáng)inten sityof light透射tran smissi on電磁electromag netic全息hol

5、ographic傳輸propagati on對稱性symmetry非晶amorphous碰撞collisio n電壓voltage激發(fā)態(tài)excited state常數(shù)con sta nt矢量vector脈沖激光Pulsed laser推導(dǎo)derived拉曼rama n振幅amplitude輸運(yùn)tran sport弛豫relaxati on透鏡lens擴(kuò)散diffusi on物理實(shí)驗(yàn)experiment電離ioni zati on觀察到observed孤子solit on損耗loss符合agreeme nt寬度width合金alloy波函數(shù)wave fun cti on可調(diào)諧tun able相干

6、態(tài)cohere nt動量mome ntum介電dielectric光源Optical source振子oscillator光子晶體photonic經(jīng)典classical光學(xué)系統(tǒng)optical位相phase咼斯光束gaussian beam入射in cide nee高能en ergy成像imagi ng自發(fā)spontan eous器件devices大學(xué)物理physics激光脈沖laser burst周期periodic摻雜doped激光束laser光柵 grat ing 探測器 detector電子結(jié)構(gòu) electronic structure吸收光譜absorpti on spectrum微擾

7、perturbati on能譜energy spectrum極化polarizati on超導(dǎo)體superc on ductor掃描sca nning冷光lumin esce nee算符operator解析an alytical梯度gradie nt反射率reflectivity物質(zhì)matter /material衰變decay靈敏度sen sitivity非線性光nonlinear optical學(xué)能帶band/en ergy band傅里葉fourier喇曼rama n濺射sputteri ng夸克quark各向異性anisotropic聲子phonon電子束electro n beam多

8、層multilayer干涉儀in terferometer傳感器sensor等效equivale nt環(huán)形ring鐵電ferroelectric單模mode展開expa nsion裝置In stallati on /device帶電charged規(guī)范磁場中g(shù)auge magn etic液體liquid諧振子/oscillator振蕩器調(diào)qq-switched勢能pote ntial分形fractal雜質(zhì)impurity光波導(dǎo)optical waveguide擬合fitt ing電磁波electromag netic wave電阻率resistivity化合物compo unds糾纏entan

9、gleme nt陣列array束縛bound瞬態(tài)tran sie ntstate團(tuán)簇clusters射頻rf (radio frequency)振蕩oscillati on聚合物polymer質(zhì)子proto n聚焦focus ing幾率probability脈沖寬度pulse width散斑speckle鎖模mode-locked光致發(fā)光 photoluminescenee定理theorem準(zhǔn)分子excimer靜電electrostatic格林gree n正電子positr on光折變photorefractive光學(xué)特性 opticalproperty放大器amplifier混頻 mixi

10、ng 諧振腔res on ator精確exact疊加superpositi on超導(dǎo)電性 superconductivity局域local立方cubic不穩(wěn)定性in stability導(dǎo)體con ductor一致agreeme nt同步synchroni zati on蒙特mon te偶極dipole標(biāo)量scalar陰極cathode鐵磁ferromag netic載流子carrier放大amplificati on帶隙band gap漲落fluctuati on帶寬ban dwidth受激stimulated激光系統(tǒng)laser system倍頻Freque ncy doubli ng調(diào)諧tu

11、ning超晶格superlattice近似下approximati on變分variatio n衰減atte nu ati on衍射效率 diffractionefficiency重復(fù)repetiti on離子束ion beam/cluster二極管diode溶膠sol-gel菲涅耳fres nel多晶polycrystalli ne氧化物oxide重復(fù)頻率 Repeat frequency rate 位錯dislocati on非晶態(tài) amorphous壓縮效應(yīng) squeezing /pinch effect 磁致電阻 magnetoresistanee多模multimode氣壓pressu

12、re濾波器filter極化子polaro n孔徑aperture激光晶體laser crystal同步加速器syn chrotr on庫侖coulomb比熱Specific heat線寬lin ewidth卡羅carlo量子點(diǎn)dots?可見光visible light相移phase shift ing介電常數(shù)dielectric coefficie nt開關(guān)switch傅里葉fourier拉曼光譜 raman spectrum壓強(qiáng)pressure角動量angular momentum蒙特卡羅monte守恒con servati on襯底上substrate （基底，基片）棱鏡prism功率Po

13、wer/capacity激發(fā)子exciton （電子空穴對）反常ano malous平面波pla ne wave夕卜腔exocoele自發(fā)輻身寸 spontaneous radiation 簡并dege nerate場分布fielddistributio n藍(lán)寶石sapphire吸收系數(shù)absorpti on coefficie nt聲場Sou nd field基片substrateza.、1久 綠光gree n light結(jié)合能binding energy萬有弓丨力 gravitational激光等離子體 Laser plasma受激準(zhǔn)分Excimer laser子激光器觀測到的observ

14、ed混沌系統(tǒng)chaotic system吸收譜absorpti on spectrum條紋Stripe/stria共軛conjugate ?張量te nsor磁矩magn etic mome nt量子理論 quantum theory全息圖hologram阻抗impeda nee光學(xué)元件optical eleme nt糾纏態(tài)entan gle state多光子multiphot on湮沒anni hilati on依賴dependence蒸氣vapor組態(tài)con figurati on ?磁化magn etizati on角分布angular distribution制作fabricati o

15、n消光exti nction成核現(xiàn)象nucleation相圖一phase diagram球面spherical surface振子強(qiáng)度oscillator stre ngth勢壘barrier發(fā)散diverge nee退火溫度annealing temperature分光儀spectrometer裂變fissio n光學(xué)性能optical property腔內(nèi)Intra cavity ?頻譜Frequency spectrum粗糙度rough ness探針probe帶電粒子 charged particle金剛石薄膜diam ond film微結(jié)構(gòu)microstructure能帶Energy

16、band測量結(jié)果measureme ntresult麥克斯韋maxwell電導(dǎo)率con ductivity束縛態(tài)bound state ?非彈性in elastic焦距focal磁化強(qiáng)度magnetization (intensity )結(jié)晶crystal諧波harm onic wave級聯(lián)cascade conn ecti on熒光光譜fluoresce nee spectrum ?不確定度uncertainty紅外光線的in frared多層膜multilayer film發(fā)射光譜emission spectrum波陣面wavefr ont費(fèi)米fermi吸收峰absorptio n pea

17、k量子化qua ntizati on微觀的Microcosmic手征的chiral自由電子Free electron 沉積（物）depositionquartz dispersi on electrostatic顯微鏡microscope耦合系數(shù)coupling coefficient耦合器coupler分?jǐn)?shù)的fracti onal偏振光polarized light分裂splitti ng晶化crystallizatio n幅度amplitude相對論性relativistic折射refractio n疊加態(tài)superpositi on振蕩器oscillator光散射scatteri ng光

18、斑spot解析表達(dá)式-an alytical激光技術(shù)laser曲率curvature托卡馬克tokamak相干性cohere nee列陣array均勻性uni formity表示represe ntati on標(biāo)度scali ng能隙gap湍流turbule nee外場field超短脈沖ultrashort激光光束laser中文英文原子核 的nuclear石英散射 靜電的場論 field沒positr on電勢pote ntial介子mes on俘獲capture輸出能量output雙折射birefri ngence宏觀macroscopic雙穩(wěn)bistable絕熱adiabatic雙原子di

19、atomic窗口wi ndow勢能函數(shù)potential石墨graphite聲學(xué)acoustic子數(shù)nu mber散射問題scattering輝光discharge聚變fusi on激光能量en ergy中文英文溶膠-凝sol-gel膠輻射場radiati on隧穿tunn eli ng單脈沖pulse激勵excited耗散dissipative軌道orbital磁通flux非均勻in homoge neous核磁共振nmr正電子湮光激光器laser 水熱hydrothermal提拉法czochralski牛頓n ewt on失諧det uning環(huán)形腔 ring禁帶傳感band sensin

20、g泵浦功率pump格林函數(shù)gree n s中文英文普通物理physics核子nucleon摻y(tǒng)byb濾光片filter相干光cohere nt勢阱well光波light電子態(tài)states增益系數(shù)gain離子注入ion反射鏡mirror藍(lán)光blue場理論field波段wavele ngth格點(diǎn)lattice玻色子bos on磁化率 susceptibility 熔體 melt 相位共軛conjugation熱傳導(dǎo)中文heat英文光吸收absorpti on壓縮態(tài)squeezed依賴關(guān)系dependence真空態(tài)vacuum場發(fā)射emissi on磁體magnet基底substrate聲波wave

21、薄膜厚度thickness紅外光譜in frared空位 駐波 能量分布 周期性vacancy sta nding en ergy periodic媒質(zhì)medium外磁場field晶格常數(shù)lattice鈣鈦礦perovskite腔場cavity偏壓bias中文英文磁性能magn etic可見visible拉曼散射rama n傳輸特性propagation非對稱asymmetric非線性效non li near應(yīng)硬度hard ness光子數(shù)phot on無限infinite光路optical光線ray點(diǎn)陣lattice晶須whiskers寬帶broadba nd速率方程equation有序ord

22、ered愛因斯坦einstein空穴hole中微子n eutri no演示dem on strati on中文英文電弧arc激光作用laser自由能en ergy最大值maximum誤差分析error中心波長wavelength光開關(guān) 傅立葉optical fourier藍(lán)寶石sapphire釘扎pi nning強(qiáng)度分布intensity加速器acceleratornd: yagyag頻移shift彩虹rain bow輸運(yùn)性質(zhì)transport起伏fluctuati on塞曼zeema n腔長cavity外差heterod yne中文英文透過率tran smissi on層厚度thick ne

23、ss全固態(tài)laser熱導(dǎo)率con ductivity偏轉(zhuǎn)deflecti on反鐵磁an tiferromag netic分岔bifurcati on波動方程equation電容capacita nee鐵氧體ferrite離解dissociati on光通信optical非平衡non equilibrium磁電阻效應(yīng)mag netoresista nee球形spherical多量子qua ntum勢模型pote ntial發(fā)散角diverge nee宇宙線cosmic法拉第 faraday 中文英文霍爾hall導(dǎo)電con duct ing四極quadrupole諧振res onance電位po

24、te ntial紅寶石ruby微擾理論perturbation 超精細(xì)hyperfi ne紅外激光laser 調(diào)制器modulator二次諧波harmonic 電子能譜spectroscopy 壓縮特性squeezing 電場強(qiáng)度field 時空space-time電導(dǎo)con ducta nee損傷閾值threshold 聲速sound成象imagi ng約束confin eme nt中文英文成像系統(tǒng)imaging 薄膜結(jié)構(gòu)films 布里淵brilloui n嚴(yán)格 exact刻蝕etchi ng激光測距l(xiāng)aser矯頑力coercivity相互作用勢pote ntial全息術(shù)holograph

25、y強(qiáng)子hadro n移動 shift 矩陣方法matrix ktp晶體ktp像差aberratio n場作用field輝光放電glow算子operator電介質(zhì)dielectric中文英文順磁paramag netic散射特性scatteri ng展寬broade ning凝聚condensed光調(diào)制器modulator膜厚thick ness穆斯mossbauer高溫超導(dǎo) superc on duct ing穆斯堡爾mossbauer微觀結(jié)構(gòu)microstructure變分法variatio nal喇曼散射rama n半導(dǎo)體材料semic on ductor非彈性散in elastic射磁光

26、magn eto-optical連續(xù)波cw無序disorder重整化reno rmalizati on相互作用系統(tǒng)in teract ing液態(tài)liquid中文英文激光波長wavelength雙原子分.子diatomic光闌aperture維數(shù)dime nsion偶極子dipole膠子glu on激光泵浦pumpedraman 散射1 Cll 1 IC1I 1衍射分析diffraction光譜研究spectra 最大輸出output 輸出激光laser圓柱cyli ndrical非相干in cohere nt向列n ematic限幅limit ing金剛石膜diamond導(dǎo)率con ducti

27、vity迭加superpositi on中文英文行波wave原子力顯 微鏡afm載流子濃度carrier單晶體crystal遷移率mobility弛豫時間relaxati on回旋cyclotr on格子lattice光折變晶 體photorefractive燒蝕ablati on光學(xué)勢 optical 反射系數(shù)reflection熔化melt ing光纖通信optical 準(zhǔn)分子激 .光器 excimer對比度 con trast 度面粗糙roughness泵浦光猝滅pumpque nching規(guī)范場gauge歸一化no rmalized矩陣法matrix奇偶eve n中文英文天線anten

28、na能量轉(zhuǎn)換en ergy脈沖能量en ergy脈沖激光口一 口laser器引力場field干涉條紋fringes感生in duced外加applied集團(tuán)cluster熒光壽命lifetime測量誤差error光電子能譜-photoelectron光輸出output色散補(bǔ)償dispersion重復(fù)率repetiti on可飽和saturable宇稱parity莫爾moire本征值eige nv alue四方tetra gonal量子數(shù)qua ntum漸近asymptotic擾動perturbati on自旋波spi n被動調(diào) q q-switched超導(dǎo)薄膜superc on duct in

29、g定諤schrodi nger數(shù)目nu mber信號增益gain偏置bias包層claddi ng勢函數(shù) 高溫超導(dǎo) 體 動能pote ntialsuperc on ductorsen ergy頻域freque ncy電荷密度charge薛定諤schrod in ger偏振特性polarization色心cen ters光譜儀spectrometer力場field紅光red光聲photoacoustic光放大器amplifier共焦con focal發(fā)射譜emissi on測不準(zhǔn)un certa inty光電子photoelectr on光柵衍射diffractio n拋物parabolic激光

30、照射laser織構(gòu)texture量子纟片纏entanglement晶系crystal端面endkerr 介質(zhì) kerr激光掃描laser對流conv ecti on抽運(yùn)功率pump 展開法 expa nsion 中文 英文狹義相對 論小信號增益relativitygain表象represe ntati on量子效率quantum磁場強(qiáng)度magnetic凝聚態(tài) conden sed 傳輸線tran smissi on擴(kuò)散系數(shù)diffusion 雙穩(wěn)態(tài) bistability kdp晶體kdp 數(shù)量級 magn itude 離子源 ion 斯托克斯stokes本征in tri nsic寶石激光sa

31、pphire器曝光 exposure 波分復(fù)用wavelength偏振態(tài)polarizati on列相n ematic高次諧波harm onic傳播特性propagation自由電子激光fel電子發(fā)射emissi on聲源source膜層film色散特性dispersion光速light定態(tài)statio nary單相phase原子能en ergy混沌同步 svnchronization光譜學(xué)spectroscopy喇曼光譜rama n熱釋電pyroelectric單光子phot on消光比exti nction強(qiáng)耦合coupli ng亮度bright ness雪崩avala nche荷電cha

32、rged淀積depositi on無規(guī)ran dom基體substrate光伏photovoltaic光電離photo ioni zati on中光light激活能en ergy近似方法 approximation濺射法sputteri ng水聽器hydroph one退火后ann eali ng耦合系統(tǒng)coupling電動力學(xué) electrodynamics受激喇曼 散射rama n凝固solidificati on粉末衍射diffraction工科physics基質(zhì)hostraman 光譜rama n斯塔克stark濺射方法sputtering薄膜表面films玻色-愛bose-e in ste in因斯坦能量損失en ergy紅外吸收infrared磁共振magn etic隧道結(jié)jun cti ons整形shap ing電場分布field阻擋barrier向列相n ematic換能器tran sducer康普頓compt on口徑aperture互作用in teractio n分壓pressur