2019年高考英語(yǔ)完形填空解題思路與技巧課件公開(kāi)課

1、英語(yǔ)高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題課Cloze test2018.3.23 contents： 考綱分析2.主要特點(diǎn)3.技巧點(diǎn)撥5.課堂小結(jié)6.真題演練4.經(jīng)典例解考綱分析2.主要特點(diǎn)考綱分析1.高考完形填空詞數(shù)250左右，選材以記敘文為主，夾敘夾議，設(shè)空20個(gè)，首句不設(shè)空2.文章主題明確，條理清晰，邏輯性強(qiáng)，語(yǔ)言地道，內(nèi)容頗有教育意義，有助于學(xué)生形成正確的情感態(tài)度和價(jià)值觀3.做該類題時(shí)間為15分鐘，文章難度相當(dāng)于必修教材句內(nèi)層次題：是指空格的答案由空格所在句子決定(容易)句組層次題：是指空格的答案與空格相距不遠(yuǎn)的一組句子決定(較易)語(yǔ)篇層次題：是指空格的答案與語(yǔ)篇文章的內(nèi)涵決定(較難)1.語(yǔ)境為主，語(yǔ)法極

2、少：2.干擾性強(qiáng)，重細(xì)微辨析3.實(shí)詞為主，虛詞為輔4.縱觀歷年英語(yǔ)高考，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)有些詞和語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)是命題組特別偏愛(ài)的，例：名詞:voice,customer;形容詞:surprise,impossible;副詞:immediately,successfully;動(dòng)詞:go,come,annoy,continue等經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在選項(xiàng)中，且多為正確5.，四個(gè)答案通常各5個(gè)，6.文章中出現(xiàn)的詞在選項(xiàng)中復(fù)現(xiàn)，常為答案2.主要特點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)完形填空解題步驟速覽全文，把握大意。細(xì)讀首句，摸清文路。瞻前顧后，準(zhǔn)確選擇。復(fù)核全文，調(diào)整答案。做完形填空必須讀懂文章，前后邏輯一致；完形填空每個(gè)小題的正確答案都是有充分根據(jù)的，可以

3、在文章匯總找到具體的突破口也就是信息點(diǎn)。解題時(shí)應(yīng)聯(lián)系上下文尋找相關(guān)線索，如某一個(gè)詞的原詞、指代詞、同義詞、近義詞、上義詞、下義詞和概括詞等。2mins10mins2mins1mins3.技巧點(diǎn)撥1.首尾句進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)2.語(yǔ)法分析3.固定搭配4.固定句型5.復(fù)現(xiàn)信息原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)6.排除法 7.上下文邏輯關(guān)系8.背景常識(shí)9.對(duì)比結(jié)構(gòu)10注熟詞新義A.跳讀首尾句進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)一般來(lái)講，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳讀這兩句，便可判斷體裁，猜想它要講什么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四個(gè)W，那么就是記敘文，很可能就是一個(gè)故事；若首句是提出或解釋說(shuō)明某事物，一般來(lái)說(shuō)是說(shuō)明文

4、；若首句提出一個(gè)論點(diǎn)，那么就是議論文。首句往往開(kāi)宗明義，是文章的主題。細(xì)讀首句可啟示全文。而尾句又往往是對(duì)文章主題的總結(jié)。所以，它們是了解文章大意的一個(gè)窗口，對(duì)我們理解全文有著重要的啟示作用。Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist (打擊樂(lè)器獨(dú)奏演員) in spite of her disability.本文主要講述的是蘇格蘭第一位女打擊樂(lè)器獨(dú)奏演員Evelyn Glen

5、nie在耳聾的情況下成功學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂(lè)器的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)首句給出的信息，下面我們可以猜想Evelyn Glennie學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂(lè)器過(guò)程必然充滿困難，而能夠在耳聾的情況下學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂(lè)器，Evelyn Glennie對(duì)音樂(lè)肯定也是充滿熱情的。4.經(jīng)典例解_do you suppose he asked for them? A. What B. How C. Who D. Which 演練：_ I had been born in the 16th century, I would have had no job. A. Because B. While C. If D. Since B.語(yǔ)法分析【解析】本題中

6、，do you suppose為插入成分。he asked for them是一個(gè)相對(duì)獨(dú)立和完整的句子，因此空格處應(yīng)該用副詞How來(lái)修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞asked，而不能用代詞What, Who或 Which?！窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)后面的I had been born in the 16th century可知這只是個(gè)假設(shè)，是一個(gè)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的條件句。故前面要用if引導(dǎo)BCTheycouldtreadorwrite.Theydidntliketoworkandtheynever_baths.A.tookB.washedC.ranD.covered演練：Several thoughts _my mind as I w

7、atched him work.He wasnt well-dressed.He had on a pair of shorts and a(n) simple T-shirt.A.crossed B. slipped C. disturbed D. inspiredC.固定搭配【解析】本題考查的是固定搭配takeabath，意為“洗澡”。AA【解析】本題考查的是固定搭配cross ones mind ，意為涌上心頭 I havent had a phone in the house for three weeks now, and its several days _ I used a ph

8、one box. A. as B. when C. if D. since 演練：It wasnt long _the police caught the thief. A. after B. when C. before D. until D.固定句型【解析】本題考查的是itssince句型，意為“自從已(多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了)”。這句話的意思是“自從我上次打投幣電話已經(jīng)有好幾天了”?！窘馕觥縄t wasnt long before是常用句型，意為“不久就”。這里說(shuō)的是不久警察就把小偷捉到了。 DCE.復(fù)現(xiàn)信息 I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to

9、 my surprise, the room wasnt empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy, my new _, dressed neatly. A. roommate B. classmate C. neighbor D. companion 【分析】名詞同現(xiàn)，空格前出現(xiàn)了room, furniture, curtains, a TV等同現(xiàn)信息可知坐在鋪好的床上的是“我”的室友。A演練：Fir

10、st of all, I respected his _ to teaching. Because his lectures were always well-prepared and clearly delivered, students crowded into his classroom.A.attention B. introduction C. relation D. Devotion He put the books into the return box. And after a brief _ in the toilet, he would be on his way to t

11、he playground to meet Eric. A. rest B. break C. walk D. stop F.排除法 【解析】此題答案為D。人不可能在廁所里休息（rest, break）或是散步（walk），由此排除另外三個(gè)選項(xiàng)。 演練：the woman looked carefully at me _ through her glasses, and then questioned me in a low voice. A.as usual B. for a while C. in a minute D. once againG.上下文邏輯關(guān)系充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，

12、找到對(duì)選擇有提示作用的詞或句，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境答題。Mrs. Black would ask me for my _. She wanted to know how I thought we should _things. At first I had no idea how to answer because I know_ about stage design!2.A.opinion B. impression C. information D. intention4.A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything AhandleCH.背景常識(shí)

13、After _ the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves before they started the 950-mile journey back. A. Growing B. putting C. planting D. laying 演練：Salina Joe began to _ when she was one-year old. A. say B. cry C. sing D. talk 【解析】根據(jù)常識(shí)，南極地區(qū)冰雪覆蓋，須費(fèi)好大的勁將旗插進(jìn)極地，plant在這里的意思是“安插”“插牢”，

14、故答案為C 【解析】根據(jù)常識(shí)判斷，嬰兒在一歲的時(shí)候應(yīng)該是開(kāi)始學(xué)說(shuō)話，而不是學(xué)哭或?qū)W唱歌，故答案只能在A、D之間選出。又因?yàn)閟ay是及物動(dòng)詞，其后面需接賓語(yǔ)，而talk是不及物動(dòng)詞，其后不需要接賓語(yǔ)，故正確答案為D。I.對(duì)比結(jié)構(gòu) A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and_room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. A. furnished B. expensi

15、ve C. comfortable D. suitable 【分析】本題利用相似短語(yǔ)之間的對(duì)比關(guān)系來(lái)命題。設(shè)空部分與下文的a small, noisy room with the television on存在對(duì)比關(guān)系。作者想借此說(shuō)明“相同的作業(yè)”對(duì)于“不同家庭背景的學(xué)生”所表現(xiàn)出的事實(shí)上的不公平。答案為C。J.熟詞新義1.三維設(shè)計(jì)(63頁(yè))I had been picked to be the princess in the school play ,and for weeks my mother had practiced my _with me . A. Points B. films

16、C. lines D. actions2.三維設(shè)計(jì)(75頁(yè))At 18 she married and _a family.A. invented B. selected C. offered D. started三維設(shè)計(jì)(140頁(yè))3.She told him to bring their son and her _set of car keys, because her keys were in the stolen purse. A. own B. other C. rest D. spare4.三維設(shè)計(jì)(158頁(yè)) If a mother is the cement that hold

17、s a family together, then the father is _that strengthens that cementA. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing (臺(tái)詞) (組建，創(chuàng)建）(備用的）(重要人物）完形填空三忌：忌不看首句，直奔空格處作答。忌當(dāng)做語(yǔ)法填空來(lái)做。完形填空很多選項(xiàng)必須根據(jù)上下文才能選出，不是孤立的看本句話。忌先入為主，一氣呵成。做題時(shí)先填把握的空格，對(duì)不是很有把握的先放一放，在后文的到答案或在做完全文后回頭看才會(huì)獲得答案。5.課堂小結(jié)Thank you二輪復(fù)習(xí)心得一學(xué)生做什么？1.拆分高考真題拆分

18、近五年高考真題進(jìn)行練習(xí),分析每一模塊的考題特點(diǎn)和體裁，分析答題策略，如何快速找到答案2.制訂詳細(xì)學(xué)習(xí)規(guī)劃二輪復(fù)習(xí)是備考的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期，科學(xué)分配學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間有助于快速提高成績(jī)考生根據(jù)自己實(shí)力和能力，在老師的建議下,在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成一定量的模塊高考真題3.及時(shí)總結(jié)總結(jié)與練習(xí)同等重要，考生每完成一個(gè)模塊練習(xí)要及時(shí)總結(jié)，制作好糾錯(cuò)集，寫好做題思路,反思和學(xué)習(xí)心得4.請(qǐng)求老師幫助請(qǐng)求老師對(duì)自己進(jìn)行診斷,詳細(xì)分析自己知識(shí)缺限和做題習(xí)慣，改進(jìn)策略.同時(shí)考生要針對(duì)自身特點(diǎn)做好改進(jìn)方案,并在平時(shí)做題時(shí)寫出做題思路交給老師審閱5.樹立自信，明確目標(biāo)高考不僅考知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備和能力，還考心態(tài)考生要建立明確的高考目標(biāo)和理想學(xué)校，從

19、每一個(gè)小題得分算起,不斷向目標(biāo)分靠攏.成績(jī)的不斷提高，學(xué)習(xí)自然就有了動(dòng)力和自信二.老師做什么？1. 幫助學(xué)生建立知識(shí)框架2. 拆分高考真題，教會(huì)學(xué)生規(guī)范答題和解題技巧3. 模塊限時(shí)訓(xùn)練，教會(huì)學(xué)生科學(xué)利用時(shí)間4. 分析學(xué)生個(gè)體差異，指導(dǎo)學(xué)生如何盡量提分5. 少批評(píng)多鼓勵(lì)，幫助學(xué)生正確看待高考預(yù)祝同學(xué)高考成功！預(yù)祝老師樂(lè)于施教！祝大家身體健康！Home work: finish the cloze test on the exercise paper.5.真題演練（2015年全國(guó)II卷）In our discussion with people on how education can help

20、them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory 1 course about 20 years ago. The professor 2 the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans(豆), and invited the students to 3 how many beans the jar contained. After 4 shouts of wildly wrong gue

21、sses,the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the 5 answer, and went on saying, “You have just 6 an important lesson about science. That is: Never 7 your own senses.” Twenty years later, the 8 could guess what the professor had in mind. He 9 himself, perhaps, as inviting his students to sta

22、rt an exciting 10 into an unknowns world invisible（無(wú)形的）to the 11 , which can be discovered only through scientific 12 . But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or even 13 the invitation. She was just 14 to understand the world .And she 15 that her firsthand experience could be the 16 . The

23、professor, however, said that it was 17 . He was taking away her only 18 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute（替代）. “I remember feeling small and 19 .” The woman says, “and I did the only thing I could do. I 20 the course the afternoon, and I havent gone near science since.”原詞重現(xiàn) 1Aart B. history C. science D. math詞匯辨析 2Asearched for B. looked at C. got through D. marched into原詞重現(xiàn)