語法填空解題技巧-PPT課件

1、高考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)語法填空訓(xùn)練及考點(diǎn)突破11、閱讀、理解語篇的能力;2、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力;3、熟練運(yùn)用語法,短語的能力。考查目標(biāo)2全國高考語法填空題兩類“空”：純空格（3個(gè)）給詞空 (7個(gè)）1.謂語（時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)數(shù)）2.非謂語（to do-doingdone)3.詞類轉(zhuǎn)換(名形副）冠、代、介、連、及一些副詞32014-2015年全國高考語法填空詞類分布： 純空格 給詞空1個(gè)助動(dòng)詞4解題技巧1 ：句中沒有謂語，或者雖然已有謂語動(dòng)詞，但中間有并列、轉(zhuǎn)折或從屬連詞時(shí)，需填的詞則是謂語動(dòng)詞。時(shí)態(tài)考慮要瞻前顧后。例1. In 1969, the pollution was terrible. It _ (b

2、e) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.was例2. A boy on a bike _ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.caught5例3. People stepped on your feet or _ (push) you with their elbows (肘部)，hurrying ahead to get to bargain.pushed例4. .The country life he was used to _

3、 （change ）greatly since the opening policy.例5. Im afraid this is the best way we can think of _ (help) you.has changedto help6例6. Nobody knows what _(happen) if she had refused to pay.would have happened例7. He walked in as if he _(buy) the school.had bought7大家應(yīng)該也有點(diǎn)累了，稍作休息大家有疑問的，可以詢問和交流8 括號內(nèi)給出動(dòng)詞的原形，做

4、題時(shí)首先找出句子的主干，確定主句，如果缺謂語，就要根據(jù)上下文語境和意思確定動(dòng)詞的數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和語氣。1、考查在語境中判斷動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。常考的時(shí)態(tài)為：現(xiàn)在:一般現(xiàn)在、一般將來、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行、現(xiàn)在完成。過去:一般過去、過去進(jìn)行、過去將來、過去完成。2、時(shí)間、條件、等狀語從句中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)(主將從現(xiàn)) (if/unless/as soon as/after/before/when等);3、時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志；4、時(shí)態(tài)一致性原則；5、上下文語境；9解題技巧2 ：若句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞，又不是并列謂語或從句時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是非謂語動(dòng)詞。若是非謂語動(dòng)詞就要確定用 doing形式，done形式，還是 to do 形式。非謂語的形

5、式一定要考慮它與其邏輯主語之間 的關(guān)系。10例1. but it is not enough only _(memorize) rules from a grammar book.to memorize 例2. _(speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed, on the contrarySpeaking 注意 ：作主語或賓語時(shí)，通常用doing / being done形式表示習(xí)慣或一般情況； 用to do / to be done形式表示具體情況或?qū)恚挥胔aving done / having been done表示

6、已發(fā)生。s.v.p.s.v.11例3. _(complete) the project as planned, we will have to work two more hours a day.To complete 例5. Some people say that children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely _(success.)to succeed 注意 ：作目的狀語或者在固定結(jié)構(gòu)中，一般用to do形式。例4. The young student did all that he could _ (pass)the

7、 examinations.to passs.v.s.v.o.adverbialadverbial12例6. He saw the stone, _(say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.”saying 注意 ：分詞作伴隨狀語，原因狀語，條件狀語等時(shí)，要看它與邏輯主語的關(guān)系確定形式。s.v.o.13例7. There will be a meeting, _(start) later this year to review the film.learned 注意 ：1. 分詞做狀語時(shí)，主要看它與句子主語之間的關(guān)系確定形式。2.分詞做后置定語

8、時(shí)，主要看它與被修飾詞之間的關(guān)系確定形式。starting 例8. .Lessons_(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. s.v.o.s.v.14 非謂語動(dòng)詞，包括V-ing形式、V-ed形式和動(dòng)詞不定式。 做題時(shí)確定所給出的詞與其所修飾的詞或其邏輯主語的關(guān)系。如果與中心詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系， ； 如果與中心詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系， ； 如果表示將來或目的，一般用V-ing形式一般用V-ed形式一般用動(dòng)詞不定式。15例11. He spit the water out, _(say) it was awful.sayin

9、g例12. Can you tell me the way you thought of _ (work )out the problem.to work16技巧2 ：詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題要先確定在句中的成分。dangerous例1. In a _(danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to 例2. There must be something_ (serious) wrong with our society.seriously17harder例4. The other frog went on jumpi

10、ng as hard as he could. He jumped even _(hard) and finally made himself out.unnecessary例3. Your mistake caused a lot of _(necessity) work in the office.18uselessdifferentlyappearancepersonal Most of the people in the town showed pity on him, but it was _(use). But a recent study saw things quite _ (

11、different). The order in which they finished would decide the order of their _ (appear) in the Chinese calendar., so Im very careful not to give out my _(person) information.exercises19cheaperworst5.One of the _ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Ms Chen. 6.For a

12、family of four, for example, it is more convenient as well as _ (cheap) to sit comfortably at home, 20 括號內(nèi)給出形容詞或副詞，要根據(jù)上下文語境確定用原級、比較級還是最高級形式。形容詞 修飾名詞/代詞 副詞 修飾動(dòng)詞/形容詞/副詞/句子It is/was +形容詞 （+for/of sb) +to do21 括號內(nèi)給出單詞的其他形式，通過分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷句子缺少什么成分（修飾什么詞），再用正確的單詞形式補(bǔ)充完整，該空同時(shí)考查同學(xué)們的單詞拼寫能力。22 Read the following s

13、entences and fill in the blanks according to the requirements. Then find out the rules . 純空格類考點(diǎn)講解：1.冠詞2.代詞3.介詞4. 連詞或副詞5. 引導(dǎo)詞23An only child will succeed for _ same reason. You can now make _ educated decision about what career to pursue.The author of the study suggested that encouraging more books r

14、eading might be _ useful way to prevent childhood accidents.the ana冠詞24 如果空格后是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，就應(yīng)該考慮空格處是否需要填不定冠詞(a, an)，如果是特指，就要定冠詞the。 如果空格后是序數(shù)詞、最高級或提及上文提到過的人或物等時(shí)，就應(yīng)該考慮空格處是否需要填定冠詞(the)。25Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear _ spoken. 2.The little boy pulled _right hand out of the pocket and

15、studied a number of coins in it. 3.I patiently walked to the library, took my seat and did some deep breathing to help relax _. it myselfhis代詞26 首先找出代詞所指代的名詞，根據(jù)其在句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞执_定用哪個(gè)代詞。 如果空格后是名詞，就應(yīng)該考慮空格處是否用物主代詞(my, your, his等)、指示代詞(this, that等)、不定代詞(few, little, many, much, all, each, every, both, neither,

16、 other等)、名詞所有格或形容詞等進(jìn)行修飾。27Television is now playing a very important role _ our life.more than nine thousand young Americans, dissatisfied with their training at home, went to Germany _advanced study. It was in this very room that I gave birth _ Linda seventeen years ago. fortoin 介詞28介詞可位于名詞之前。如at n

17、ight, on Sunday等； 也可位于形容詞之后，如be interested in, be good at等； 還可位于不及物動(dòng)詞之后，如listen to, arrive at, look for等。 掌握一些常用介詞的用法、含義和固定搭配；29If a family has many children, the middle one sometimes gets lost in the crowd. The youngest child, _, often gets special treatment. As the ox came ashore, the rat jumped o

18、ff and finished the race first. _ the rat got the first year named after him and the ox got the second year. I asked my classmates about her interest _ then I made my final decision. howeverandSo/Thus連詞或副詞30 空格前后兩個(gè)句子都含有主謂結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，則要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，選擇適當(dāng)?shù)母痹~或連詞。 表示遞進(jìn)：so, for, therefore, thus等； further, furthermo

19、re, moreover, in addition等； but, nevertheless, however, yet, while, although, though, 等。 表示轉(zhuǎn)折：表示因果： 表示并列：and , or等；31thatwhothat 引導(dǎo)詞One day, he came up with an idea _ he would pick up all of his crop a few inches. Some people say that oldest children, _ are smart and strong-willed, are very likely t

20、o succeed. So careless was I _ I had forgotten all about that. 32 空格前后都是一個(gè)句子,做題時(shí)應(yīng)該從句子的意義去判斷是屬于什么類型的復(fù)合句（定語從句、名詞性從句或者狀語從句），再確定填什么引導(dǎo)詞。 33如何判斷從句類型？空格前是名詞空格前是及物動(dòng)詞 空格前是系動(dòng)詞 空格在句首定語從句同位語語從句主語從句狀語從句所填詞在后面句子中充當(dāng)成分不充當(dāng)成分所填詞在后面句子中充當(dāng)主賓表所填詞在后面句子中充當(dāng)各類狀語賓語從句表語從句判斷狀語從句類型時(shí)還可以根據(jù)前后句子之間的意思及邏輯關(guān)系來判斷是什么狀語從句34一步來把全文看，把握主旨邏輯線；

21、二步開始做答案，容易做的先做完；難題放在第三步，上下文里找答案；四步復(fù)讀很關(guān)鍵，保證全文意貫通。解題四步口訣：35真題再現(xiàn)362012年廣東英語高考語法填空題Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, _16_ (wear) sun glasses . He walked in as if he _17_(buy) the school. And the word quickly got around that he was from New York Cit

22、y. For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt _18_ (please ), because there were many empty seats in the room .But she quickly realized that it wasnt her, it was probably the fact that she sat in _19_last row . _20_ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It mig

23、ht have made it a little _21_(hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didnt stop the kids in the class . Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, _22_made her feel like a star. wearinghad boughtpleasedtheAlthoughharderwhich37“Do you need

24、 those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head.”Then Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when Im speaking to you.” The new boy looked at the teacher _23_ a few seconds and all the other students wondered _24_ the boy would

25、 do .Then he took _25_ off , gave a big smile and said “That is cool”.forwhatthem382011年廣東高考英語語法填空One Sunday morning in August I went to local music festival. I left early because I had an appointment _16_(late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 17 the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a s