5被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的翻譯

1、漢語(yǔ)被動(dòng)意義的表達(dá)方式“為”字結(jié)構(gòu) “茅屋為秋風(fēng)所破” “被”字式不幸語(yǔ)態(tài) “被捕”， “被剝削”，“被壓迫”，“被殺” “讓”、”給”、”叫”、“挨”、“受”、“遭”、“蒙”讓大水沖跑了。The crops were washed away by the flood.這股敵人全給游擊隊(duì)消滅了。The whole horde of enemy soldiers was wiped out by the guerrillas.1“是的” 表示靜態(tài)的句子 這些產(chǎn)品是我國(guó)制造的。“的是” 推薦我的是一位教授?！凹右?予以”組成倒置的賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 。2使用受事主語(yǔ)大量的“當(dāng)然被動(dòng)句”困難克服了，工作完成了

2、，問(wèn)題也解決了。The difficulties have been overcome, the work has been finished and the problem solved.3被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的翻譯4翻譯方法翻譯成漢語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句 “加以”,“經(jīng)過(guò)”,“用來(lái)” 增補(bǔ)泛指性的詞語(yǔ)(人們,大家等)作主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)譯成賓語(yǔ)翻譯成漢語(yǔ)的無(wú)主句翻譯成帶表語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句 “是的譯成漢語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)漢語(yǔ)句中有“被”、“遭受”等詞譯成“為所”的結(jié)構(gòu) 譯成“把”、“使”和“由”字句 5翻譯成漢語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句 “加以”,“經(jīng)過(guò)”,“用來(lái)” Otherquestionswillbediscussedbriefly. Nucle

3、arpowersdangertohealth,safety,andevenlifeitselfcanbesummedupinoneword: radiation. 核能對(duì)健康、安全,甚至對(duì)生命本身構(gòu)成的危險(xiǎn)可以用一個(gè)詞輻射來(lái)概括。 62.增補(bǔ)泛指性的詞語(yǔ)(人們,大家等)作主語(yǔ)Itisgenerallyacceptedthattheexperiencesofthechildinhisfirstyearslargelydeterminehischaracterandlaterpersonality. 人們普遍認(rèn)為 孩子們的早年經(jīng)歷在很大程度上決定了他們的性格及其未來(lái)的人品。 7Itcouldbea

4、rguedthattheradioperformsthisserviceaswell,butontelevisioneverythingismuchmoreliving,muchmorereal. 可能有人會(huì)指出, 無(wú)線電廣播同樣也能做到這一點(diǎn),但還是電視屏幕上的節(jié)目要生動(dòng)、真實(shí)得多。 8Itisassertedthat有人主張 Itisbelievedthat有人認(rèn)為 Itisgenerallyconsideredthat大家(一般人)認(rèn)為 Itiswellknownthat大家知道(眾所周知) Itwillbesaid有人會(huì)說(shuō) Itwastoldthat有人曾經(jīng)說(shuō) 93.主語(yǔ)譯成賓語(yǔ)Byt

5、heendofthewar,800peoplehadbeensavedbytheorganization,butatacostof200BelgianandFrenchlives. 這個(gè)組織拯救了八百人， 大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束時(shí), 但那是以二百多比利時(shí)人和法國(guó)人的生命為代價(jià)的（但二百多比利時(shí)人和法國(guó)人卻為此付出了生命代價(jià))。 104.翻譯成漢語(yǔ)的無(wú)主句 Greateffortsshouldbemadetoinformyoungpeopleespeciallythedreadfulconsequencesoftakingupthehabit of smoking. 應(yīng)該盡最大努力告誡年輕人吸煙的危害,特別是

6、吸上癮后的可怕后果 11Newsourceofenergymustbefound,andthiswilltaketime. Itishopedthat希望 Itisreportedthat據(jù)報(bào)道 Itissaidthat據(jù)說(shuō) Itissupposedthat據(jù)推測(cè) Itmaybesaidwithoutfearofexaggerationthat可以毫不夸張地說(shuō) Itmustbeadmittedthat必須承認(rèn) Itmustbepointedoutthat必須指出 Itwillbeseenfromthisthat由此可見 125. 翻譯成帶表語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句 “是的”Thedecisiontoatta

7、ckwasnottakenlightly. 進(jìn)攻的決定不是輕易作出的。 In the old society，women were looked down upon. 在舊社會(huì)，婦女們是受歧視的。 13譯成漢語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 “被”,“給”,“遭”,“挨”,“為所”,“使”,“由”,“受到”等表示。Earlyfiresontheearthwerecertainlycausedbynature,notbyMan. 地球上早期的火肯定是由大自然而不是人類引燃的。 The window pane was broken by the child. 窗上玻璃被這小孩打碎了 14I was so impre

8、ssed by these words that I used them later for a Christmas card. 我為這些話所深深感動(dòng)，后來(lái)我就把它們寫在圣誕卡上了。 15譯成“把”、“使”和“由”字句 The famous hotel had been practically destroyed by the big fire. 大火使這家著名的旅館幾乎全部毀壞。The plan is going to be examined first by the research group。 計(jì)劃將先由研究小組加以研究。 16Microsoft chairman Bill Gates

9、 is inundated with up to four million e-mails a day - most of them junk. 微軟總裁比爾蓋茨現(xiàn)在每天都被淹沒(méi)在多達(dá)四百萬(wàn)封電子郵件中，其中絕大多數(shù)都是垃圾郵件。 inundate : to cover with water, especially floodwaters（淹沒(méi)）17The English language is being destroyed by a deadly virus of management speak which has infected the mouths and minds of pol

10、iticians like Tony Blair and George W. Bush, a leading UK journalist said recently. 最近，一位英國(guó)資深記者說(shuō)，英語(yǔ)正在遭到一種“官腔語(yǔ)言的致命病毒”的侵害，這種病毒已經(jīng)感染了許多政治家的談吐和思想，其中包括托尼布萊爾和喬治布什。 18Palestinian Authority President Yasser Arafat, 75, the leader who passionately sought a homeland for his people but was seen by many Israelis

11、 as a ruthless terrorist and a roadblock to peace, died early Thursday in Paris. 75歲的巴勒斯坦民族權(quán)力機(jī)構(gòu)主席阿拉法特于本周四（11月11日）凌晨逝世。他用滿腔熱血為巴勒斯坦人民尋找一個(gè)家園，但很多以色列人卻把他視為冷酷無(wú)情的恐怖分子和通往和平的路障。 19Arafat had been sick with an unknown illness that had been variously described as the flu, a stomach virus or gallstones. 阿拉法特一直身

12、患某種不知名的疾病，關(guān)于他的癥狀有多種描述：流感、胃病毒感染和膽結(jié)石等。 20In 1994, Arafat was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, along with Israeli leaders Yitzhak Rabin and Shimon Peres, for their work on the Oslo accords, seen at the time as a breakthrough toward an independent Palestinian state and a permanent peace with Israel. 1994年

13、，阿拉法特和以色列領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人伊扎克拉賓和希蒙佩雷斯共同獲得了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，他們?yōu)楹炇稹皧W斯陸協(xié)議”所做的努力在當(dāng)時(shí)被視作通往一個(gè)獨(dú)立的巴勒斯坦國(guó)、實(shí)現(xiàn)巴以永久和平的“重大突破” 21P106As a result of the productivity survey carried out in the factory, more rapid and more efficient ways of operation are now being applied. 由于我廠進(jìn)行了生產(chǎn)率的檢查，促使廠內(nèi)（全廠）普遍采取了更迅速有效的操作（管理）方法。22In the factory, productivit

14、y has been increased by over 50 percent. The management intends to apply these same methods to office staff in order to reduce costs. 現(xiàn)在，我廠的生產(chǎn)率已經(jīng)提高了百分之五十以上。經(jīng)理部（管理部門）擬在辦公室職工中開展同樣的查制度以降低成本。23Our company must adapt in a competitive world. We aim to find ways of avoiding unnecessary actions by all stall

15、. 為了適應(yīng)外部環(huán)境的激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，我們的意圖是（將）尋求減少不必要的工作環(huán)節(jié)的方法。24We therefore propose to pay a months extra salary to any person who in the managements opinion has put forward the more practical suggestion to improve a particular office routine. 經(jīng)理部鼓勵(lì)職工提出改進(jìn)辦公室工作常規(guī)的建議，并將給與提出最切實(shí)可行的建議者一個(gè)月額外的嘉獎(jiǎng)。25All suggestions should be se

16、nt to the Managing Directors office before the end of next month.請(qǐng)予下月底前將建議提交總經(jīng)理辦公室。26ExerciseBankers drafts drawn by one branch on the Head office or another branch are not cheques, because the Head Office and all the branches are considered to be one institution, whereas the drawer and drawee must

17、be distinct parties.All commercial papers went for collection must be accompanied by a remittance letter giving complete and precise instruction. 27As most countries are vigorously promoting exports and also because of the tremendous growth of multinational corporations, the international market, in

18、 most instances, is characterized by intense competition on an extensive scale.The financial information provided by an accounting system is needed by managerial decision makers to help them plan and control the activities of the economic entity.28If a letter of credit is not used by the beneficiary, it may be returned to the applicant for cancellation.You are requested to look into the matter and give us an early reply.Four major stages in the product life cycle have been identified : introduction, growth, maturity and decline.29Partial shipments are allowed, unl