用作賓補的幾種常見形式

1、用作賓補的幾種常見形式崔長平河南遂平一高（463100）中學(xué)教材中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)一些復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)，含有復(fù)合賓語的句型為：主語（s）+及物動詞（vt.）+賓語（o）+賓補（o.c）能充當(dāng)賓補的形式有:1.名詞Ifanyonecametosetmefree,Iwouldmakehimkingovertheworld.In1849,hewenttoEnglandandmadeLondonthebaseforhisrevolutionarywork.說明：1）常用名詞作賓語的動詞有：find,make,elect,name,call,consider,think,choose等。2）表示職位、官銜的名詞作賓

2、補時，其前不用冠詞或用定冠詞總是暗指正職,如用不定冠詞，表示該職位或官銜不是唯一的，暗指副職。2.形容詞或副詞Theguardbroughtouthisknifeandcutonebootopen.Imadeapromisethatifanyonesetmefree,Iwouldmakehimveryrich.Veryloudnoisecanmakepeopleill,hurttheirears,orevendrivethemmad.說明：1）常接形容詞或副詞作賓補的動詞有:believe,cut,consider,think,prove,get,make,drive,want,keep,tu

3、rn,set,find,wish,wash,leave等。2）當(dāng)賓語是不定式或從句時，用it作形式賓語，并將不定式或從句移到賓補的后邊。Theywanttomakeitcleartothepublicthattheydoanimportantandnecessaryjob.HefounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia.不定式（短語）Shewantedhimtosingforherfriends.Nothingcouldmakemeturnagainstmycountry.Heorderedasoldiertobringanationalflagan

4、dcoveredtheboysbodywithit,leavinghisfaceexposed.說明：1）常跟不定式作賓補的詞有：ask,beg,tell,advise,persuade,invite,allow,likelove,prefer,hate,expect,warn,summon,permit,get,force,oblige,forbid,teach,urge,askfor,longfor,request,require,callon等。2）常跟不定式作賓補的詞還有：see,observe,watch,make,let,have,help等。為了方便記憶，可利用下面的make,l

5、et,have,help等。為了方便記憶，可利用下面的notice,lookat,hear,listento,feel“順口溜”：不定式，作賓補，下列詞后不帶to:與have,外加一個help,帶否均可較特殊to不可省；等屬固定用法；to不帶to均可；order,forbid,compel,lead等,雖也有“五看”，“二聽”，“一感覺”；make,let如果主動變被動，賓補隨之變主補，這時切記要帶to。需要指出的是：（1）feel后由tobe不定式短語作補語時，（2）beletgo,beletfall,beletslip（3）let用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)時，作主補的不定式帶（4）動詞get,set,c

6、ause,force,oblige“使，”“迫使”，“命令”，“禁止”等“使役”含義，但它們后跟不定式作賓補時須帶to分詞Dontkeepyourmotherwaiting.Tokeeptheenemyoutofhisempire,EmperorQinShiHuanghadallthewallsjoinedup.Hisclothesseemedtobejustpulledontokeephimcovered,likeablankettokeeponewarm.說明：1）常跟分詞作賓補的詞有：keep,have,send,find,smell,leave,lookat,listento,have

7、,have,get,make,prefer,hear,watch,feel,notice,observe等。2）get,listento,lookat,smell等動詞常用現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）作賓補，及feel,get,have,like,want,wish等動詞用過去分詞作賓補只能用于SVOC句型中。as詞組作賓補Theyalsohopedthattheworldwouldlookonthepyramidsasmonumentstothem.,hetaughtitasatruthtohisstudents.Theysetupastateoftheirown,wheretheywouldbefreetokeepNegroesasslaves.說明：