中職英語語文版基礎(chǔ)模塊下冊Unit 11 Career Planning- Grammar 主謂一致教案

1、主謂一致一、定義1.主謂一致是指主語和謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上必須保持一致。2.主謂一致應(yīng)遵循的原則:語法一致原則，意義一致原則，就近一致原則。二.用法1.語法一致原則:謂語動詞的數(shù)和主語一致。當(dāng)and或bothand連接的名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Both Tom and Mike are teachers. 湯姆和麥克都是老師。不定代詞every，each，either，neither，one of，no one修飾主語及復(fù)合不定代詞everyone，nothing，somebody等作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 Each of us has a new notebook. 我們每個(gè)

2、人都有一個(gè)新筆記本。The boy is so clever that everybody likes him.那個(gè)男孩那么聰明，大家都喜歡他。不定式或動名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。 To see is to believe. 眼見為實(shí)。Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火是危險(xiǎn)的。 “a number of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，“the number of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 A number of trees are cut down. 許多樹木被砍伐了。在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動詞的形式和前面的A部分保持一致。togethe

3、r with /along with/with（和一起）besides/but/except（除了之外）A+ as well as（還有）,including （包含） + B rather than（而不是）, in addition to（還有）The boy together with his parents goes to the museum once a week. 那個(gè)男孩同他父母每周一起去一次博物館。表示成對的名詞(trousers，shoes，glasses，)作主語,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；當(dāng)前面有pair of等單位詞修飾時(shí)，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于pair等詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。 My

4、 glasses were broken. 我的眼鏡碎了。This pair of trousers is too tight for me. 這條褲子我穿太緊了。由“some of, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, most of ,the rest of, half of”等名詞短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動話常與of后的名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致.Half of the apples have been rotten. 一半的蘋果都已腐爛。 the apples 是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Half of the apple has been rotten. 半個(gè)蘋果已腐爛。

5、the apple 是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。none作主語指代不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；指代可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，復(fù)數(shù)都可以。-Is there any milk in the cup?- No，there is none.杯子里有牛奶嗎?沒有，一點(diǎn)也沒有。None of them has / have arrived. 他們之中還沒有人到達(dá)。在倒裝句中，謂語動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)和它后面主語的數(shù)保持一致。There comes the bus. 公共汽車過來了。2.意義一致原則:謂語動詞的變化由主語所表達(dá)的既念而定。主語為family、class，team, group等集體名詞時(shí),如果側(cè)

6、重一個(gè)整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù);如果側(cè)重其中的個(gè)體成員，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。His family are all friendly, so his family is a happy one.他的家人都很友好，因此他的家庭很幸福。時(shí)間、金錢、距離、長度等名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Two hundred miles is a long distance.兩百英里是一段很長的距離。有些名詞形式上是單數(shù)，如:people，police, cattle等，但表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，它們作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Cattle provide us with milk and beef. 牛給我們提供牛奶和牛肉。“th

7、e+姓氏名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式”表示“一家/夫婦”,當(dāng)它在句中作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。The Blacks have been in China for five years.布萊克一家已經(jīng)在中國待了5年了。“the+形容詞/分詞”作主語,表示一類人時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù).The old are taken good care of in this town.這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)上的老人受到很好的照顧。 分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞要與它們所指代的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)保持-致。Four fifth of the juice is orange. 4/5的果汁是橙汁。3.就近一致原則在there be 句型中，謂語動詞要與緊挨著be的主語保持一致。There is a table and two chairs in the room.There are two chairs and a table in the room.由“or ,eitheror, neithernor, not only but also”等連接兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí)，謂語動詞的數(shù)與最鄰近的主語的數(shù)保持-致。Either you or he is going to attend the meeting.要么你要么他去參加會議。Neither my fa