BusinessEnglishUsingEmotioninCaseStudyRolePlays商務(wù)英語使用情感案例研究角色扮演課件

1、The problem with motivation as a researcherWhy computer games?- Tell our own story - 1) motivation - 2) clear mission - 3) try different ways to succeed - 4) quantified success - 5) make a difference in my online worldHighly effective researchers stay motivatedWe need excitement and purpose in our r

2、esearch第1頁，共75頁。Writing research is telling our own storyResearch is interesting for the same reasonsResearch can “tell our story” - motivation ( background ) - mission (objective) - try different ways to succeed (methods) - quantified success (results) - impact (implications or discussion)We must f

3、ind motivation in our research第2頁，共75頁。Abstract Elements Mirror the Paper1) Reason for writing: MotivationWhy should we be interested? 2) Problem: Clear missionWhat problem do we attempt to solve? 3) Methodology: Ways to succeed What approach do we use to solve the problem?4) Results: Quantify progr

4、essWhat happened?5) Implications: Making a difference in the worldHow does this work add to the body of knowledge on the topic? 第3頁，共75頁。Simpler abstract structure6 questionsWhy this study?What did you investigate? What did you do? What did you find out? What do your results mean? So what? 第4頁，共75頁。

5、Heroes vs. ResearchersBoth are judged by their problemsBoth use methods to achieve their resultsBoth serve as a lesson for othersBoth can live or die but keep their hero status if the problem is interesting第5頁，共75頁。Stories vs. ResearchBoth must be interesting or they wont be retold or citedInteresti

6、ng = help solve a problemBoth can end good or badBoth must be well told - Sometimes the way we tell the story is more important than the story itself 第6頁，共75頁。Reasons for major revision or rejection of Taiwanese journal papers第7頁，共75頁。Why is an abstract important?Used for conferences and papersPubli

7、shed in computerized databases and printed indexes abstracts for scholars Often you are cited based only on abstractIndicative and informative and descriptiveWe will discuss the structured informative第8頁，共75頁。Purpose of the abstractLike a movie preview -15 secondsShould create a “why” for reading th

8、e paper, something feared or neededUnlike a movie preview it should be able to stand alone and be read as a separate unit Apple example第9頁，共75頁。Choose an interesting titleIf the title is boring, readers will avoid your paper. Your paper wont be cited. Never try to put all the content of your paper i

9、n the title. One line is best. Never use more than two lines. Avoid starting with On the. It implies that the paper is a note. 第10頁，共75頁。The Title Informative title = the key concept, the device or group studied and your argument. Title and subtitle separated by a colon is often a good way to maximi

10、ze information Choose a title after writing the abstract 第11頁，共75頁。第12頁，共75頁。第13頁，共75頁。第14頁，共75頁。第15頁，共75頁。第16頁，共75頁。TitlesA good title should contain the fewest possible words that describe the contents of a paperConvey the main findings of the researchBe specific and concise without focusing on on

11、ly part of the contentAvoid jargon, non-standard abbreviations and unnecessary detailComply with word limitsSome journals also require a shorter running title第17頁，共75頁。TitlesPoor title:Mouse BehaviorA better title would be:The Effects of Estrogen on the Nose-Twitch Courtship Behavior in MiceWhy? Bec

12、ause the key words identify a specific behavior, a modifying agent, and the experimental organism. Or give the resultEstrogen Stimulates Intensity of Nose-Twitch Courtship Behavior in Mice第18頁，共75頁。1) MotivationWhy did you study the problem?We need a “why” before we care about “how”Why do you want t

13、o kill the monster?Dont assume people knowFear and relevance - Fear of not understanding the solution must be stronger than fear of reading the paper第19頁，共75頁。Context and background History of the problem( A long, long, time ago, in a land far, far, away)We mention other heroes or researchers who ha

14、ve fought similar problems with similar weapons第20頁，共75頁。Example of motivation in an abstract“Previous research on GPS calibration focused mainly on the methods of integrating costly auxiliary hardware, ignoring the users context information and basic demands.”第21頁，共75頁。Example of Motivation“Researc

15、h reported by Daly, Miller, and their colleagues suggests that writing apprehension is related to a number of factors we do not yet fully understand.”第22頁，共75頁。Problem statement or ObjectiveProblem:What problem does this work attempt to solve? What does the monster look like? Are you trying to kill

16、it? 第23頁，共75頁。Solutions and problemsDont think your reader will know what your problem is If we dont know where we are going we cant get there and there is no way to evaluate success第24頁，共75頁。Problem statement or ObjectiveOur “mission” in a computer game and research uses a “to” statement“to save th

17、e princess”“to kill the monsters”“to obtain the treasure”第25頁，共75頁。Example abstract problem statementThis paper presents an approach for calibrating GPS position by using the context awareness technique from Pervasive Computing. The paper proposes a novel approach, called Perceptive GPS (PGPS) to im

18、prove GPS positioning accuracy directly from the contextual information of received GPS data.第26頁，共75頁。Example abstract problem statementThe theoretical modeling of the wave forms that would be produced in particular systems will expedite the search and analysis of the detected signals. The characte

19、ristic formulation of GR is implemented to obtain an algorithm capable of evolving black holes in 3D asymptotically flat spacetimes. 第27頁，共75頁。Methodology:Methodology:What did you do? An abstract may include specific models or approaches. How did you kill the monster?第28頁，共75頁。MethodsWhat weapon did

20、 we use to kill our monster? A sword? Shield? Spear? Or something novel? If the method is commonly known in our field we dont need detailIf it is novel we need to define it so following heroes can imitate our method第29頁，共75頁。Sample abstract - methodologyTo utilize the characteristics of GPS sequenti

21、al and temporal data, PGPS starts by sampling received GPS data and builds a stable Transition Probability Matrix (TPM), based on a derived Newton Markov Model (NMM), to learn the carriers behavior.第30頁，共75頁。Sample abstract - methodologyUsing compactification techniques, future null infinity is incl

22、uded in the evolved region, which enables the unambiguous calculation of the radiation produced by some compact source. A module to calculate the waveforms is constructed and included in the evolution algorithm.第31頁，共75頁。ResultsResults:What did you find out? Include specific data that indicates the

23、results of the project.Did we kill the monster or did it kill us?.第32頁，共75頁。ResultsBe specific: Conclude that something is faster, cheaper, smaller, or better than something elseAvoid general words such as very, small, or significant. Dont mix with the methods section第33頁，共75頁。Sample abstract - resu

24、ltsSignificant differences in levels of belief in giftedness were also found among students who differed in their perceptions of the most important purpose for writing, with students who identified to express your own feelings about something as the most important purpose for writing having the high

25、est mean level of belief in giftedness.”第34頁，共75頁。Sample Abstract - Results“The results showed that signals do improve a readers comprehension, particularly comprehension two weeks after the reading of a passage and comprehension of subordinate and superordinate inferential information.”第35頁，共75頁。Im

26、plicationsWhat do your results mean?Who cares? What changes should be implemented because of your research? How does this research add to the knowledge on the topic? How could you have done better defeating your monster?What lessons can other heroes learn for fighting their monsters?第36頁，共75頁。Implic

27、ationsWhat are the implications of your answer? Is it going to change the world?Be a significant contribution?Be a nice project?Or warn other researchers that this area is a waste of time? All of these are appropriate conclusions. 第37頁，共75頁。Implications (continued)Can mention “we” here in the discus

28、sion section. “We believe” “It is our opinion that”“They lived happily ever after”第38頁，共75頁。Sample abstract - implications“The code carefully excises a region surrounding the singularity and accurately evolves generic black hole spacetimes with apparently unlimited stability.”第39頁，共75頁。Sample abstra

29、ct - implications“Although the validity of the notion that writing ability is a special gift is not directly addressed, the results suggest that belief in giftedness may have deleterious effects on student writers.”第40頁，共75頁。Previous research on GPS calibration focused mainly on the methods of integ

30、rating costly auxiliary hardware, ignoring the users context information and basic demands. This paper presents an approach for calibrating GPS position by using the context awareness technique from Pervasive Computing. The paper proposes a novel approach, called Perceptive GPS (PGPS) to improve GPS

31、 positioning accuracy directly from the contextual information of received GPS data. To utilize the characteristics of GPS sequential and temporal data, PGPS starts by sampling received GPS data and builds a stable Transition Probability Matrix (TPM), based on a derived Newton Markov Model (NMM), to

32、 learn the carriers behavior. From the perceptive data of the stable TPM and online received GPS data, PGPS infers the behavior of the GPS carrier to verify the rationality of the GPS data and then interactively rectifies received GPS data online. Preliminary experimental results show the proposed a

33、pproach effectively improves the accuracy of GPS positioning.NCU class homework第41頁，共75頁。Research reported by Daly, Miller, and their colleagues suggests that writing apprehension is related to a number of factors we do not yet fully understand. This study suggests that included among those factors

34、should be the belief that writing ability is a gift. Giftedness, as it is referred to in the study, is roughly equivalent to the Romantic notion of original genius. Results from a survey of 247 postsecondary students enrolled in introductory writing courses at two institutions indicate that higher l

35、evels of belief in giftedness are correlated with higher levels of writing apprehension, lower self-assessments of writing ability, lower levels of confidence in achieving proficiency in certain writing activities and genres, and lower self-assessments of prior experience with writing instructors. S

36、ignificant differences in levels of belief in giftedness were also found among students who differed in their perceptions of the most important purpose for writing, with students who identified to express your own feelings about something as the most important purpose for writing having the highest

37、mean level of belief in giftedness. Although the validity of the notion that writing ability is a special gift is not directly addressed, the results suggest that belief in giftedness may have deleterious effects on student writers.Palmquist, M., & Young, R. (1992). The Notion of Giftedness and Stud

38、ent Expectations About Writing. Written Communication, 9(1), 137-168.第42頁，共75頁。The problem of detecting gravitational radiation is receiving considerable attention with the construction of new detectors in the United States, Europe and Japan. The theoretical modeling of the wave forms that would be

39、produced in particular systems will expedite the search and analysis of the detected signals. The characteristic formulation of GR is implemented to obtain an algorithm capable of evolving black holes in 3D asymptotically flat spacetimes. Using compactification techniques, future null infinity is in

40、cluded in the evolved region, which enables the unambiguous calculation of the radiation produced by some compact source. A module to calculate the waveforms is constructed and included in the evolution algorithm. This code is shown to be second-order convergent and to handle highly non-linear space

41、times. In particular, we have shown that the code can handle spacetimes whose radiation is equivalent to a galaxy converting its whole mass into gravitational radiation in one second. We further use the characteristic formulation to treat the region close to the singularity in black hole spacetimes.

42、 The code carefully excises a region surrounding the singularity and accurately evolves generic black hole spacetimes with apparently unlimited stability.Luis Lehner, Gravitational radiation from black hole spacetimes Ph.D. University of Pittsburgh, 1998 DAI-B 59/06, p. 2797, Dec 1998第43頁，共75頁。This

43、study investigated the role of signaling in helping good readers comprehend expository text. As the existing literature on signaling, reviewed in the last issue of the Journal, pointed to deficiencies in previous studies methodologies, one goal of this study was to refine prose research methods. Two

44、 passages were designed in one of eight signaled versions each. The design was constructed to assess the individual and combined effect of headings, previews, and logical connectives. The study also assessed the effect of passage length, familiarity and difficulty. The results showed that signals do

45、 improve a readers comprehension, particularly comprehension two weeks after the reading of a passage and comprehension of subordinate and superordinate inferential information. This study supports the hypothesis that signals can influence retention of text-based information, particularly with long,

46、 unfamiliar, or difficult passages. Ref. Houp & Pearsall, Reporting Technical Information, 7th edition, Macmillan Publishing Co., 1992 第44頁，共75頁。Conclusion to abstractWe are looking for a motivation, mission, quantified success and impact, so we are attracted to online games because they keep us mot

47、ivatedWe must find ways to motivate ourselves in our research writing lifeWe are telling stories, we are solving problems, we do have a mission, we are successful, we are making an impactBut none of this is possible unless we first believe we are. 第45頁，共75頁。Conference Abstracts第46頁，共75頁。Why go to co

48、nferences?To get published-Meet your reviewersStay at the conference hotelBuy coffeeBirds of a feather (BOFs) and Special interest groups (SIGs)-Meet your editorGet invited to submitSee what the editor wants-Meet coauthorsShare your research with your fieldGet feedback that can make your work better

49、第47頁，共75頁。ProceedingsFast way to get a publicationAsk about being included in this book or CDMay become a textbook第48頁，共75頁。What are the different conference typesTheme based conferencesGeneral conferencesProfessional conferencesTypes:COLLOQUIUMSYMPOSIUM- single or multiple trackWEB CONFERENCINGWEBI

50、NAR第49頁，共75頁。Conference Paper TypesPaper with RespondentPanel Presentation Roundtable WorkshopPoster, Poster Talk, Poster Presentation, Poster Discussion第50頁，共75頁。When to submit a conference abstractWhen you have data and analysis. Dont submit if you have not started your studyYour study does not ne

51、ed to be completed when you submit the abstract. The conference paper is the first step to publication. You can submit an abstract for research you have already submitted for publication. As long as the paper has not been published when you submit the abstract. Unlike academic journal papers, its ac

52、ceptable to present the same research at more than one conference.第51頁，共75頁。Make a Good First ImpressionMeet the deadline. Late submissions suggest preparation.Prepare a clear, easy to read abstract. Clean, printed copies using the guidelines for your area makes your abstract easy to read. If you mu

53、st FAX or e-mail your abstract to meet the deadline, also send a hard copy by mail.第52頁，共75頁。Customize your abstract for the conferenceShow that you wrote this abstract for this conference. Do not send the entire paper, a section of paper, or anything that does not summarize what your paper says. 第5

54、3頁，共75頁。Talk about the theme of the conferenceCarefully read the Call for Papers/Proposals/Abstracts. Use keywords from the list of acceptable topics in the call.If the conference is sponsored by a journal, look at a copy of the journal for a statement of its philosophy, inside the front cover.Know

55、your audience. What do they already know about your topic? Do they need any background information to understand your research? 第54頁，共75頁。Select a narrow topicConference talks are only 15 to 20 minutes long. You cannot present your entire dissertation or an entire research article. You should choose

56、 a small sample of data that makes a single point; choose either one long piece of data or several smaller pieces that offer interestingly different perspectives to your argument. 第55頁，共75頁。Be clear and simpleRemove generalizations, extra words and little known technical words. Use strong and specif

57、ic language. Ask a friend read your abstract.If your reader cannot understand a sentence immediately; rewrite it. Conference organizers read hundreds of abstracts. Do not make them work hard to understand yours. 第56頁，共75頁。Word limitYour abstract should be single-spaced in an easy-to-read 12pt font,

58、like Times New Roman. Come as close as possible to the word limit, but dont go over. If your abstract is too long, either it will be rejected or someone else will shorten it. Your paper will be better if you shorten it. A typical conference abstract word limit is 300 to 500 words. A typical paper ab

59、stract word limit is 150-200 words.第57頁，共75頁。Donts for abstractDo not use company names, acronyms, abbreviations or symbols in your abstract. You dont have the space to explain theseDo not refer in the abstract to information that is not in the document. Do not want to tell your reader that your stu

60、dy has information it does not have. 第58頁，共75頁。TenseIn writing the abstract, do not use the future tense, even to say In my presentation, I will. if you use the future tense some abstract reviewers may think you havent completed the research. Dont confuse verb tenses: use present tense to describe r