2023屆天津市第二南開中學(xué)高三第一次模擬考試英語試卷含解析

1、2023屆高考英語模擬試卷注意事項：1答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1When the admission letter from Harvard University arrived, Bens parents were and threw a big party.Ain the red Btickled

2、pinkCas white as a sheet Din a blue mood2 Mary looks hot and dry. So _ you if you had a high fever.AcouldBwouldCmayDmust3Excuse me, sir, didnt you see the red light?Sorry, my mind _ somewhere else.Ahas been wanderingBwas wanderedCwas wanderingDhas been wandered4Ever since the new park was opened to

3、the public last month, I _ a walk in it every morning.Aam takingBtakeChave takenDhave been taking5The main issue at the APEC meeting was a climate-change plan _ by Australias Howard and backed by Bush.Aput outBput offCput awayDput forward6John, _ money was now no problem, started a new company with

4、his friends.Afor whoseBof whoseCof whomDfor whom7If we surround ourselves with people _our major purpose, we can get their support and encouragement.Ain sympathy withBin terms ofCin honour ofDin contrast with8Though winters in Britain are cold and there is usually snow, there are _ places for skiing

5、.AsomeBmanyCfewDa few9- Why didnt you help the little boy?- Oh, he had struggled to his feet _ I could run over and offered any help.AbeforeBafterCwhenDsince10The debate here will be limited in two main respects，_ the time available.Ain view of Bin return forCin addition to Din comparison with11Crit

6、icized as online games are, they never fail to _ a large number of teenagersAappeal toBobject toCrefer toDturn to12-Hi, Johnson, any idea where Susan is?-It is class time, so she _ in the classroom now.Acan beBmust have beenCmight have beenDshould be13The climate conference was attended by 11,000 pe

7、ople, it the largest UN gathering ever held.AmakingBto makeCmadeDto be making14Im most awfully grateful to you. I cant think what I _ without you.Acould doBwould doCshould have doneDmust have done15Would you please wait for a moment while I telephone the reception desk to check?_.AI wouldnt mind tha

8、tBSound like funCI mean itDYou wish16-But for your timely warning, we into great trouble. -Well, you know were friends.Awould getBmust have gotCwould have gotDcant have got17The first decade in the 21st century _ the rapid rise of China as a world economic power.AwitnessBhas witnessedCwill witnessDh

9、ave witnessed18More and more people prefer to live in the countryside, _ appeal for them lies in the quiet and slow-paced life.AwhoBWhichCwhoseDwhat19If the new security system _ into effect, such accidents would never have happened.Awould be putBwere putCshould be putDhad been put20When he was runn

10、ing after his brother, the boy lost his _ and had a bad fall.AbalanceBchanceCmemoryDplace第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21（6分）No spacecraft will ever land on the sun. the sun is a flaming ball of gas that reaches thousands of degrees Fahrenheit. But next year, a ship from Earth wil

11、l fly closer to it than any man made craft has flown before. The mission(任務(wù))is a big development for scientists and, maybe, for everyone else.In September 2018, NASA plans to launch the Parker Solar Probe. After a journey of nearly 90 million miles, it will fly within 3.8 million miles of the sun. w

12、ithin two months of launching, the probe is expected to reach the suns corona(日冕). Thats the suns outer atmosphere of gases.Getting there wont be easy. Designing a spacecraft tough enough to hold up to the suns heat has proved difficult. But that hasnt stopped engineers from trying. Temperatures in

13、the corona can reach millions of degrees. The probe will limit itself to regions where things get no hotter than 2,10oF. Thats still a heavy heat load for a spacecraft. But a 4.5-inch-thick heat shield(罩)will protect the probes camera and scientific instruments.NASA says the data the probe collects

14、could provide knowledge into the physics of stars. Our sun is special to us. But as a star, its rather common. So the better we understand how it works, the better we understand all stars of its mass and color.Perhaps the most important is what the probe may show us about solar storms. During solar

15、storms, charged particles stream through the solar system. They can disable communications satellites and shut down powder systems. One study has found that a very intense solar storm could cause up to $2 trillion in damage in the US alone. It could also black out the East Coast for a year.Understan

16、ding solar storms might allow us to predict them and protect ourselves. That could make even a mission with a billion-plus price tag one of NASAs great bargains.1、What can we learn about the probe?AItll fly closer to the sun that the previous onesBIts the first man made instrument to fly to the sunC

17、Itll get to the core of the sun in nearly two monthsDItll fly about 3.8 million miles to reach the corona.2、What is the challenge for the engineers?ADirecting the probe to collect dataBReducing the temperature of the probeCBuilding a shield against the heatDLimiting the probe to proper regions3、What

18、 might be the best title?AExploring the stars BGetting close to the sunCDesigning a spaceship DProtecting the earth4、Where does the value of the mission lie?AMonitoring satellites BExploring solar energyCDeveloping scientific instruments DForecasting solar storms22（8分）Historian Tom Holland is the aw

19、ard-winning author of Rubicon, Persian Fire and Millennium. He appears regularly on radio, TV and in print. His latest book Dynasty is published in paperback by Abacus.Moominsummer MadnessBy Tove JansoonWhat I love about this book, as a child and still today, is its mix of the fantastical and normal

20、. On the one hand, its about a family and their friends all enjoying themselves, quite happy not doing much. On the other hand, its about characters that can change into odd shapes, magicians coming down from the moon and peculiar creatures emerging from the roof. That mix of the familiar and the ex

21、traordinary informs all my writing.The HistoriesBy HerodoTusBy the time I was 12, I was obsessed by Ancient Greece and Rome. At first, I found the early section of The Histories a real grind because its like a long shaggy dog story that never gets to the point.In the second half I was rewarded with

22、the stories Id been waiting for, like the battles of Marathon, Salamis and Thermopylae. Over the years, I come to value the infectious curiosity of the first half and the portrait of the world in the fifth century BC seen through the eyes of this extraordinary Greek historian.A Distant MirrorBy BarB

23、ara W TucHmanTuchmans book The Guns of August won the Pulitzer Prize, but its this slightly less well-known work that provided me with a role model for my own writing. Both scholarly and interesting, its a portrait of the 14th century in Western Europe and vividly evokes medieval civilization buffet

24、ed by cataclysms: the Black Death, the Peasants Revolt and the Great Papal Schism. I felt I knew what it was to die of the plague or to have a sword put through me real stories told remarkably436、Tom Holland now finds the first half of The Histories _.Aoff the pointBculture-centeredCreally boringDqu

25、ite entertaining1、Which book does Tom Holland appreciate and try to copy its style?AThe HistoriesBA Distant MirrorCThe Guns of AugustDMoominsummer Madness23（8分） Everybody hates it, but everybody does it. A recent report said that 40%of Americans hate tipping. In America alone, tipping is a $ 16 bill

26、ion-a-year industry. Consumers acting politely ought not to pay more than they have to for a given service. Tips should not exist. So why do they? The common opinion in the past was that tips both rewarded the efforts of good service and reduced uncomfortable feelings of inequality. And also, tippin

27、g makes for closer relations. It went without saying that the better the service, the bigger the tip.But according to a new research from Cornell University, tips no longer serve any useful function. The paper analyzes numbers they got from 2,547 groups dining at 20 different restaurants. The connec

28、tion between larger tips and better service was very weak. Only a tiny part of the size of the tip had anything to do with the quality of service.Tipping is better explained, by culture than by the money people spend. In America, the custom came into being a long time ago. It is regarded as part of

29、the accepted cost of a service. In New York restaurants, failing to tip at least 15% could well mean dissatisfaction from the customers. Hairdressers can expect to get l5%-20%, and the man who delivers your fast food $ 2. In Europe, tipping is less common. In many restaurants the amount of tip is de

30、cided by a standard service charge. In many Asian countries, tipping has never really caught on at all. Only a few have really taken to tipping. According to Michael Lynn, the Cornell papers author, countries in which people are more social or outgoing tend to tip more. Tipping may reduce anxiety ab

31、out being served by strangers. And Mr. Lynn says, “In America, where people are expressive and eager to mix up with others, tipping is about social approval. If you tip badly, people think less of you. Tipping well is a chance to show off.”1、This passage is mainly about .Adifferent kinds of tipping

32、in different countriesBthe relationship between tipping and customCthe origin and present meaning of tippingDmost American people hate tipping2、Which of the following best explains the underlined phrase “caught on”?Abecome popular.Bbeen hated.Cbeen stopped.Dbeen permitted3、Among the following situat

33、ions, in your opinion, who is likely to tip most?AA Frenchman just quarreled with the barber who did his hair badly in New York.BAn American just had a wonderful dinner in a well known restaurant in New York.CA Japanese businessman asked for a pizza delivery from a Pizza Hut in New York.DA Chinese s

34、tudent enjoyed his meal in a famous fast food restaurant in New York.4、We can infer from this passage that .Atipping is no longer a good way to satisfy some customers themselvesBtipping is especially popular in New YorkCtipping in America can make service better nowDtipping has something to do with

35、peoples character24（8分）Let me tell you about my relationship with the school desk.From my first day at Penny Camp Elementary School in 1982,it was terrible.This is how it went down: five seconds into class, the foot start bouncing;10 seconds in, both feet; 15 seconds,I burst out the drums ! After a

36、few minutes,its all over. Im trying to put my leg behind my neck.No,that desk and I didnt get along.Sitting still was hard enough,but I also struggled with reading.Reading out loud in class was a special kind of hell(地獄).By the third grade I had progressed from being one of “those kids” to being the

37、 “special kid”. I was found to have multiple language-based learning disabilities and attention deficit disorder (ADD) (注意力缺陷障礙癥). I was turned into a “patient” who needed treatment rather than a human being with differences.I struggled with severe anxiety and depression at age 10.I survived this ti

38、me in my life because of my mom. She knew in her heart that her child wasnt broken and didnt need to be fixed.My mom was right. When I think back on my school experience, I realize it wasnt the ADDthat disabled me. What disabled me were limitations not in myself but in the environment. Ive come to b

39、elieve that I did not have a disability, as it is common to say, but experienced disability in environments that could not accommodate and accept my differences.In the fall of 1977,after two years at Loyola Marymount University,where my learning differences were fully accommodated, I transferred to(

40、轉(zhuǎn)學(xué))Brown University, where I graduated with an honors degree in English literature. I still cant spell or sit still,but I now use support and technology to relieve my weakness and build a life on my strengths. I dont feel stupid anymore and I know that Iand others like mecan live good lives despite

41、these challenges.1、What does the author want to tell us in the first paragraph?AHe didnt like to study. BHe used to be active at school.CHe suffered from a broken desk. DHe had trouble sitting still in class.2、How did the author probably feel in class in his early school years?AExited. BUneasy.CInte

42、rested. DBored.3、Which of the following is correct according to the last paragraph?AHe is living a good life with his weakness.BHis disability has been cured by technology.CHe got his honors degree in English literature in the fall of 1997.DHe was transferred to Brown University because of his disab

43、ility.4、From the passage we learn that_.Aa disability is nothing but a differenceBfamilys support is the most importantCdisabled people cant live well however hard they workDsometimes limitations of the environment disable a person25（10分）Lack of inexpensive, reliable energy delivery is one of the ch

44、ief barriers to growth and development in sub-Saharan Africa. Nearly seventy percent of people living in the region lack access to electricity, forcing them to spend significant amounts of their income on costly and unhealthy forms of energy such as diesel (柴油) fuel to run generators and kerosene (煤

45、油) for lanterns.But if there is one thing Africa is not lacking, it is sunshine. And that means a lot; indeed, for some of the worlds poorest people, it makes all the difference in the world.A little more than a year ago, Power Africa a U.S. Government initiative (倡議) coordinated by the U. S. Agency

46、 for International Development, or USAID and Power Africas partners, the United Kingdom Department for International Development, Shell Foundation, and the African Development Bank, started the Scaling Off-Grid Energy Grand Challenge for Development, with a focus on pay-as-you-go solar home systems.

47、 The Challenges goal is to provide 20 million off-grid (離網(wǎng)) households in sub-Saharan Africa with clean, affordable electricity by 2030. So far, the Challenge has made 40-plus investments in early-stage, off-grid energy companies, which are expected to result in some 4.8 million new electrical conne

48、ctions.One reason for the success of the start-up companies that have won grants (資助) from the Challenge is the fact that the cost of solar technology is falling fast, so it is within the means of those who live away from traditional power grids. And thanks to the new system of mobile money and pay-

49、as-you-go financing, they can purchase the solar power-generating equipment they need and pay for it in daily installments (分期付款) from their telephones, for as little as 15 cents a day.Thanks to these technological and financial innovations (創(chuàng)新), many people are getting electricity for the first tim

50、e every day. In these newly-electrified communities, businesses can boom, clinics can safely store vaccines and students may study long after dark. Indeed, access to clean and reliable electricity can enable entire communities to escape the cycle of extreme poverty.1、What is the main problem people

51、in sub-Saharan Africa are faced with, according to Paragraph 1?AThey are lack of electricity.BThey are lack of diesel fuel and kerosene.CThey are lack of money.DThey are lack of sunshine.2、Whats the aim of Power Africa?ATo make people richer.BTo make people healthier.CTo provide people with clean fo

52、od and water.DTo provide people with inexpensive electricity.3、Which is NOT the reason for the success of the start-up companies?AThe cost of solar technology is dropping.BThey live away from traditional power grids.CThey can use the new system of mobile money and pay-as-you-go financing.DThey can p

53、ay for the equipment in daily low installments.4、The text is especially helpful for those who care about _.Aagriculture BenvironmentCtechnology Deducation第三部分 語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項26（30分） I understood Chinese cultures only seen on TV and in books bu

54、t only made little headway learning Chinese. 1 , it did not matter. The patience, generosity and 2 of strangers left me pleasantly surprised with Beijing.I 3 needed Chinese On my birthday, for example, I was 4 in the city. Everyone I knew was out of town, so I decided to 5 a day of it myself. I went

55、 shopping. After three happy hours, I went confidently up to the 6 and for a minute, I 7 everyone spoke English.But after 8 my items, the woman behind the counter spoke in Chinese, and all I could do was stare 9 .I thought she was asking cash or card, so I pulled out some notes, but she 10 her head.

56、 We stood there for a few minutes 11 another cashier said, “A couple of your 12 are part of the sale and cannot be exchanged or 13 once bought.”Another day, I went to the police station as I had lost my wallet in a 14 land During that 20-minute talk, I realized the eagerness and 15 of people.Speakin

57、g in a mix of Chinese and English, the young police officer did all he could to put me 16 . He knew that as foreigners we were nervous at the police station, so he smiled and spoke. In the end, the 17 took a couple of hours and the wallet did not 18 anymore. I had made a friend.There are many 19 and

58、 unforgettable memories of getting by without 20 , but perhaps without the friends help, Beijing may not have been so easy to navigate.1、ALastlyBHoweverCInsteadDThus2、AsacrificeBeffortsCwarmthDpromise3、ArarelyBbasicallyCcompletelyDtotally4、AstillBevenConlyDalone5、AmakeBneedCdoDplan6、AexitBstoreCcoun

59、terDhall7、ArealizedBrecognizedCguaranteedDassumed8、Aringing upBshowing upCassessingDexamining9、ApoorlyBhelplesslyCquicklyDpatiently10、AwavedBnoddedCshookDhung11、AuntilBasCafterDfor12、AexpensesBpurchasesCsuppliesDparcels13、AacceptedBcanceledCreturnedDbroken14、AforeignBsameCdifferentDnew15、AhappinessB

60、wisdomCexcitementDkindness16、Afor sureBat easeCin orderDin place17、AincidentBprocedureCquestionDsurvey18、AmatterBstayCchangeDreturn19、AinterestingBamusingCpleasantDadmiring20、Acell phoneBpolice officersCChineseDcashiers第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27（15分）Police in America have s