簡(jiǎn)單句-并列句和復(fù)合句

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)專心-專注-專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句句子種類:按句子的用途可分四種：1) 陳述句(肯定句、否定句) ：He is a lovely boy. She didnt work hard before.2) 疑問句(一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句、反意疑問句)：Do you like skating? How much is it? Is he six or seven years old? Lucy can play the piano, cant she?3) 祈使句：Be on

2、time, please! Dont arrive late for school!4) 感嘆句：How hard-working they are! What a nice girl she is! How time flies!按句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可分三種：1) 簡(jiǎn)單句：只有一個(gè)主語(或并列主語) 和一個(gè)謂語(或并列謂語) 。He often reads English in the morning.一主語，一謂語Tom and Mike are American boys.并列主語，一謂語She likes writing and often writes articles for newspa

3、pers.一主語，并列謂語簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型(其他各種句子都可由這一種基本句型擴(kuò)展、變化或省略而構(gòu)成。)主謂: He left.主謂賓: Henry bought a dictionary.主謂雙賓: My father bought me a car.主謂賓補(bǔ): Tom made the baby laugh.主系表: He is a student.主語: 句子說明的人或事物。謂語: 說明主語的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和特征。表語: 系動(dòng)詞之后的成分，表示主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征。賓語：1. 動(dòng)作的承受者動(dòng)賓。2. 介詞后的名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞介賓。補(bǔ)語：賓補(bǔ)，對(duì)賓語的補(bǔ)充。主補(bǔ)，對(duì)主語的補(bǔ)充。定語：修飾

4、或限制名詞或代詞。狀語：表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。2) 并列句：由并列連詞把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句連在一起構(gòu)成。 You help him and he helps you.并列句的分類 = 1 * GB3 表并列。 常用連詞有and, not onlybut also, neithernor, then等。 The teachers name is Smith, and the students name is John.He could neither read nor write.He not only studies hard, but also lik

5、es sports. = 2 * GB3 表選擇。 常用連詞有or, eitheror, otherwise等。 Hurry up, or youll miss the train.Either you didnt understand this, or you were not careful = 3 * GB3 表轉(zhuǎn)折。 常用連詞有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。 He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes live

6、ly and interesting.Tom was not there but his brother was (there). There was no news, nevertheless, she went on hoping. = 4 * GB3 表因果，常用連詞有so, for, therefore等。 August is the time of the year for rive harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.He hurried, for it was getting dark. He liked the b

7、ook very much, so I gave it to him3) 復(fù)合句：含有一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上從句的句子。包含：名詞性從句(主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句) 、定語從句和狀語從句等。從句就是一個(gè)從句在主句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分，如主語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語等。從句在句子中作什么成分就叫什么從句。 1.主語從句 用作主語的從句叫作主語從句。(1)由what, whatever, whoever等代詞引導(dǎo)主語從句。 如: What she likes is watching the children play Whatever you have heard must be kept se

8、cret Whoever fails to pass the exam will be dismissed (2)that引導(dǎo) It is tight that you told him the truth (3)由連接副詞whether, when, how, where, why引導(dǎo)主語從句。 如：Why the fire broke out at night remains a mystery Whether we can help you is a difficult question When the meeting will be held has not been decided

9、 (4)主語從句后移主語從句雖然可以放在謂語的前面，但是當(dāng)主語從句較長而謂 語較短時(shí)，常用代詞作形式主語，而把主語從句放到句子后邊。 如：It is uncertain whether he wants to go or not It turned out true that he had done nothing wrong 2. 表語從句 用作表語的從句叫作表語從句，通常由that, what, where, why, ho 等連接詞引導(dǎo)。 (1) if, whether, that引導(dǎo)表語從句，有時(shí)也用as, because, as if, as though, lest引導(dǎo)表語從句。

10、如：The question is that we must be good at learning from others. It looks as if its going to rain (2) what, which, who等連接代詞。 如: That is what I want to tell you The question is which of the classes we choose to be the excellent one (3)how, when, where, why等連接副詞。 如：The question is how we can help him T

11、hat is why he has been late3. 賓語從句 在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句。賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞和主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞相同。賓語從句可以作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語，作短語動(dòng)詞的賓語，介詞的賓語。及物動(dòng)詞的賓語Everybody knows that money doesnt grow on trees.短語動(dòng)詞的賓語Please go and find out when the train will arrive.介詞的賓語I am interested in what she is doing.否定的轉(zhuǎn)移I dont suppose youre used to this die

12、t.我想你不習(xí)慣這種飲食。I dont believe shell arrive before 8.我相信她8點(diǎn)之前不會(huì)到。4. 同位從句 一般跟在某些名詞如answer(答案)，hope(希望)，fact(事實(shí))，belief (信仰)，news(消息)，idea(主意；觀念)，promise(承諾)，information(信息)，conclusion(結(jié)論)，order(命令)， suggestion(建議)，problem(問題)，thought (想法)等后面。I had no idea that you were here.She told us her hope that she

13、 would become a pianist.He made a promise that he would never come late.He hasnt made the decision whether he will go there.I have small doubt whether he is suitable for the job.I have no idea what he is doing now.Its a question how he did it 5.狀語從句 = 1 * GB3 地點(diǎn)狀語從句。地點(diǎn)狀語從句通常由where, wherever 引導(dǎo)。Where

14、ver I am I will be thinking of you. = 2 * GB3 方式狀語從句 方式狀語從句通常由as, (just) asso, as if, as though引導(dǎo)。1) as, (just) assoAlways do to the others as you would be done by.你希望人家怎樣待你，你就要怎樣待人。As water is to fish, so air is to man.我們離不開空氣，猶如魚兒離不開水。Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas f

15、rom our minds.正如打掃房屋一樣，我們也要掃除我們頭腦中落后的東西。2) as if, as though兩者的意義和用法相同，引出的狀語從句謂語多用虛擬語氣，表示與事實(shí)相反，有時(shí)也用陳述語氣，表示所說情況是事實(shí)或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可能性較大。漢譯常作仿佛似的，好像似的，They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.他們完全忽略了這些事實(shí)，就仿佛它不存在似的。(與事實(shí)相反，謂語用虛擬語氣。)He looks as if (as though)he had been hit by lighting.

16、他那樣子就像被雷擊了似的。(與事實(shí)相反，謂語用虛擬語氣。)It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.看來天氣很快就會(huì)好起來。(實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較大，謂語用陳述語氣。) = 3 * GB3 原因狀語從句 Because he is very hard-working, he passed the exam. = 4 * GB3 目的狀語從句 表示目的狀語的從句可以由that, so that, in order that, in case等詞引導(dǎo)：You must speak louder so that /in order that you

17、can be heard by all.Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. = 5 * GB3 結(jié)果狀語從句 結(jié)果狀語從句常由so that 或 suchthat引導(dǎo):The boy is so young that he cant go to school.He is such a young boy that he cant go to school = 6 * GB3 條件狀語從句 連接詞主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等。.if 引導(dǎo)的條件句有真實(shí)條

18、件句和非真實(shí)條件句兩種。非真實(shí)條件句已在虛擬語氣中闡述。Lets go out for a walk unlessyou are too tired.If you are not too tired, lets go out for a walk. = 7 * GB3 讓步狀語從句 Although its raining, they are still working in the field.Well make a trip even though the weather is bad.Whether you believe it or not, it is true.No matter

19、what happened, he would not mind.Whatever happened, he would not mind. = 8 * GB3 時(shí)間狀語從句由時(shí)間連接詞引導(dǎo)的狀語從句叫做時(shí)間狀語從句。1.由when, while, just, just as, as，after, before, since, until, as soon as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。When you think you know nothing, then you begin to know something.(當(dāng)你以為自己一無所知的時(shí)候，你就是在開始知道一些事物了。）You can feel

20、 the air moving as your hand pushes through it.( 當(dāng)你的手在空氣中揮動(dòng)的時(shí)候，你就能感覺到空氣在流動(dòng)。)Our headmaster laughed as she spoke.(我們的校長邊談邊笑。)When she came in, I stopped eating.她進(jìn)來時(shí)，我停止吃飯。(瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞)While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. We always sing as we walk.我們總是邊走邊唱。（as表示“一邊一邊”）As we were going

21、out, it began to snow.當(dāng)我們出門時(shí)，開始下雪了。（as強(qiáng)調(diào)句中兩個(gè)動(dòng)作緊接著先后發(fā)生，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)開始下雪的特定時(shí)間）I didnt go to bed until（till） my father came back.直到我父親回來我才上床睡覺。It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.直到散會(huì)之后他才開始教我英語。I worked until he came back.我工作到他回來為止。He will call you as soon as he arrives ther

22、e.2.由before和after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。It will be four days before they come back. 他們要過四天才能回來。My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.我父親恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔細(xì)考慮過以后，告訴我你是怎樣決定的。After we had finished the work, we went home.完成工作之后，我們回家了。（從句

23、用過去完成時(shí)，主句用一般過去時(shí)）3.由by the time引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。注意時(shí)態(tài)的變化：在一般情況下，如果主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)；如果主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用將來完成時(shí)（主將從現(xiàn)）。By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回來時(shí)，我已經(jīng)寫完這本書了。By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work. 你明天來這兒的時(shí)候，我將已經(jīng)完成此工作了。4.由each time, every ti

24、me和whenever引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me. 他每次來哈爾濱，總是來看我。Whenever that man says“To tell the truth”, I suspect that hes about to tell a lie.每當(dāng)那個(gè)人說“說實(shí)在話”的時(shí)候，我猜想他就要說謊了。You grow younger every time I see you. 每次遇到你，見你更年輕了。練習(xí)1初中部分1. Give me one more minute _ Ill be able to fini

25、sh it.A. and B. or C. if D. so2. Its the third time that John has been late, _?A. hasnt he B. isnt he C. isnt it D. hasnt it3. _ joyful he was to meet his brother again!A. How B. What C. What a D. What an4. Let us pass, _?A. shant we B. shall we C. wont weD. will you5. I suppose hes serious, _ ?A. d

26、o I B. dont I C. is he D. isnt he6. You had better not smoke here, _?A. will you B. had you C. shall you D. have you7. Train as hard as you can _ youll win the swimming competition.A. then B. but C. and D. or8. Im sorry to have to say this, _ you forgot to turn off the lights when you left the room

27、last night.A. and B. but C. so D. because9. John has not yet passed the driving test, and _.A. Henry hasnt too B. Henry also has not either C. neither Henry has D. neither has Henry10. There are many sports lovers in his office. Some love climbing, _ others enjoy swimming.A. or B. for C. while D. so

28、11. - Do you feel like going out _ would you rather have dinner at home?- Id like to go out. A. or B. and C. but D. so12. - “_ is the temperature today?” -“Its 38 degrees.”A. Which B. How C. How hot D. How high13. - Your uncle isnt an engineer, is he? - _.A. Yes, he isnt B. No, he isnt C. No, he is

29、D. He is14. _ friendly _ to everyone!A. How, is she B. What, is she C. How, she isD. What, she is15. Mary went to bed early, _ she felt very tired.A. or B. so C. for D. yet16. Mother _ a dress when she cut her finger.A. was making B. makes C. is making D. made17. He lay in bed _ read something borro

30、wed from library.A. but B. and C. or D. yet18. - Id really like some lunch but I have so much work to do.- _ what you want and I can get it for you.A. Tell me B. If you would say to me C. You will tell me D. If you tell me19. As he is strong, _ can lift one hundred pounds.A. yet he B. but he C. and

31、D. he20. - I thought you had an umbrella. - I had, _ Ive lost it.A. since B. but C. becauseD. so21. _ down the radio - the babys asleep in the next room.A. Turning B. To turn C. Turned D. Turn22. - I dont like chicken _ fish. - I dont like chicken _ I like fish very much.A. and, and B. and, but C. o

32、r, and D. or, but23. - Would you like to come to dinner tonight?- Id like to, _ Im too busy.A. and B. so C. as D. but24. Would you like a cup of coffee _ shall we get down to business right away?A. and B. then C. or D. otherwise25. She set out soon after dark _ home an hour later.A. arriving B. to a

33、rrive C. having arrived D. and arrived26. “Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice.A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointed27. She thought I was talking about her daughter, _, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.A. whom B. where C. which D. while28. _

34、 it with me and Ill see what I can do.A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave29. - Alice, you feed the bird today, _? - But I fed it yesterday.A. do you B. will you C. didnt you D. dont you30. _ him and then try to copy what he does.A. Mind B. Glance at C. Stare atD. Watch15 ACADD 610 BCBDC

35、 1115 ADBCC 1620 ABADB 2125 DDDCD 2630 ADDBD練習(xí)2高中部分1. Excuse me for breaking in, _ I have some news for you. A. andB. yetC. soD. but2. - Dont you enjoy helping me? - _ A. Yes, Im afraid not.B. No, sure enough.C. Yes, I do enjoy it.D. No, certainly I do3. In Shenzhou VI, Chinese astronauts are not on

36、ly spaceship drivers, _ machine repairers and scientists. A. soB. orC. andD. but4. Some people waste a lot of food _ others in the world havent enough to eat. A. afterB. whenC. asD. while5. Stop making so much noise _ the neighbor will start complaining. A. or elseB. but stillC. and thenD. so that6.

37、 Mr. Lee never said he hated school when he was a child, _ ? A. was heB. wasnt heC. did heD. didnt he7. There is no light or sound in the house. They must have gone to the cinema, _ ? A. didnt heB. dont theyC. mustnt theyD. havent they8. They were playing in the garden _ they heard a scream. A. whil

38、eB. asC. untilD. when9. Mum, Ive reviewed my lessons for a whole day. Let me play the computer games for a little while, _ ? A. shall I B. can I C. will youD. dont you10. _ some teenagers dont realize is _ difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs. A. What; howB. That; howC. That; whatD

39、. What; what a11. _ on a clear day, far from the city crowds, the mountains give him a sense of infinite peace. A. If walkingB. While walkingC. WalkingD. When one is walking12. _ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your email account. A. What is requiredB. What r

40、equiresC. It is requiredD. It requires13. These shoes look very good. I wonder _ . A. how much cost they areB. how much do they costC. how much they costD. how much are they cost14. Doris success lies in the fact _ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others. A. whichB. thatC. whenD. why15. _

41、 is often the case, he succeeded in this examination again. A. WhatB. SoC. WhichD. As16. They are discussing in the next room _ will go to the conference on behalf of the manager. A. howeverB. whoC. whatD. whomever17. - Was it under the tree _ you were away talking to a friend? - Sure. But when I ge

42、t back there, the car was gone. A. thatB. whereC. whichD. while18. They began to think about _ could be made of these valuable materials. A. how useB. full useC. betterD. what use19. A good ad often uses words _ people attach positive meanings. A. in whichB. to whichC. whichD. that20. We cant bear t

43、he idea that some people might be better than us, _ hard we tried. A. no matterB. howeverC. asD. what21. Its believed that parks are to the city _ lungs are to the body. A. whatB. likeC. thatD. which22. _ our country has so many good table-tennis players, we have to decide on the best ones to take p

44、art in the game. A. AlthoughB. SinceC. IfD. While23. The Grand Theatre is located on one corner of _ is called the Peoples Square. A. whichB. whatC. the placeD. that24. _ much progress you can make in all your subjects in the future, you should keep modest. A. HoweverB. WhateverC. WhatD. How25. The

45、news _ Shenzhou-6 spaceship safely returned from space on October 17th, 2005 excited all the Chinese people. A. whichB. thatC. /D. what26._ the window, my finger was seriously cut. A. Having cleanedB. To cleanC. While cleaningD. While I was cleaning27. Id like to settle down somewhere _ the climate

46、is mild and the sun shines all year long. A. whichB. thatC. whereD. when28. My grandpa sowed the flower seeds in the garden _ it was the best time for them to grow. A. whereB. whenC. thatD. until29. They always give the vacant seats to _ comes first. A. whoB. whoeverC. whomD. whomever30. I would app

47、reciate it _ you can help me with my English this afternoon. A. becauseB. untilC. whenD. if31. I like to have my photos taken _ there are mountains and rivers. A. thereB. in whichC. whenD. where32. Mr Hopkins has not yet answered my question _ I can go with him to _ he calls the Underground Treasure

48、 House next week. A. that; whichB. that; whereC. whether; thatD. whether; what33. When Edison invented the light bulb, he tried over 2000 experiments _ he got it to work. A. asB. afterC. whenD. before34. I thought he was a warm-hearted and trustworthy person _ I met him. A. first timeB. for the firs

49、t timeC. the first timeD. by the first time35. - How do you find the new job? - I dont care what it is _ I can make a living. A. unlessB. even ifC. whileD. as long as36. I was advised to arrange for insurance _ I needed medical treatment. A. neverthelessB. althoughC. in caseD. so that37. He never sa

50、id that he was good at mathematics, _ ? A. was heB. wasnt heC. did heD. didnt he38. If you want helpmoney or anything, let me know, _ you? A. dontB. willC. shallD. do39. - I reminded you not to forget the appointment. - _ . A. So you didB. So I do notC. So did youD. So do I 40. _ and Ill get the wor

51、k finished. A. Have one more hourB. One more hourC. Given one more hourD. If I have one more hour41. A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which _ will promote its economic development. A. in natureB. in returnC. in turnD. in fact42. At the foot of the mountain _ . A. a village

52、 lieB. lies a villageC. does a village lieD. lying a village43. Mrs Black doesnt believe her son is able to design a digital camera, _ ? A. is heB. isnt heC. doesnt sheD. does she44. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and _ . A. hed like to collect coins as wellB. he feels like collecting coins, tooC. t

53、o collect coins is also his hobbyD. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure45. An awful accident _ , however, occur the other day. A. doesB. didC. has to D. had to46. _ some of this juiceperhaps youll like it. A. TryingB. TryC. To tryD. Have tried47. There arent many cafes, and lets stop at t

54、he next place we see, _ ? A. are thereB. will youC. shall weD. dont you48. Do you want _ to be a lot of trees around your cottage? A. it B. thereC. thatD. one49. - The project wasnt difficult for him, was it? - _ . He should have been given a more difficult one. A. No, it wasB. Yes, it wasC. Yes, it

55、 wasntD. No, it wasnt50. _ it or not, his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles. A. To believeB. BelievedC. BelievingD. Believe51. The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get. A. whicheverB. howeverC. whateverD. whenever52. Id like to arrive 20 minutes early _ I can have tim

56、e for a cup of tea. A. as soon asB. as a resultC. in caseD. so that 53. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, _ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup. A. thatB. whileC. whichD. when54. It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. A. beforeB. sinceC

57、. afterD. when55. He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning _ his teammates had done. A. whatB. whichC. whyD. while56. One advantage of playing the guitar is _ it can give you a great deal of pleasure. A. howB. whyC. thatD. when57. _ in the regulations that you should not tell oth

58、er people the password of your e-mail account. A. What is requiredB. What requiresC. It is requiredD. It requires58. _ made the school proud was _ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A. What; becauseB. What; thatC. That; whatD. That; because59. It was a matter of _ w

59、ould take the position. A. whoB. whoeverC. whom D. whomever60. _ , I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. A. However the story is amusingB. No matter amusing the story is C. However amusing the story isD. No matter how the story is amusing 61. After _ seemed half an hour th

60、e teacher gave us the correct answer. A. thatB. whatC. whichD. it62. Without facts, a person cant form a correct opinion, for he needs to have actual knowledge _ his thinking. A. which to be based onB. on which to baseC. which to be basedD. which to base63. Do you doubt _ he will help us if we are i