2022年八上8單元知識點(diǎn)

1、Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake .1.短語1打開 turn on 2切碎 cut up 3奶昔 milk shake 4把 倒入 pour into 5剝?nèi)憬?peel three bananas 6把 放入 putinto 7一杯酸奶 a cup of yogurt 8兩勺蜂蜜 two spoons of honey 2. Turn on the blender. 打開攪拌機(jī)turn on 意為“ 打開”,反義詞組是 turn off 關(guān)上 ；turn on 接通 電流、煤氣、水等 ,打開點(diǎn)撥 turn on 的反義詞組是 turn

2、off 關(guān)上 ；都是“動詞 +副詞”構(gòu)成的短語后接代詞作賓語時,要將代詞放在 turn 和 on/off 之間 ；如后接名詞作賓語 ,就該名詞位于副詞前后都可以；Kate, I want to watch TV. Please turn it on. 凱特,我想看電視,請打開它；拓展 turn up 調(diào)大 音量等 ；turn down 調(diào)小 音量等 ；拒絕turn over 把 翻轉(zhuǎn)過來；turn around 轉(zhuǎn)身【辨析】turn on, open 1turn on 開,打開 ,通常指打開水龍頭、煤氣及電視、電燈、電腦、收音機(jī)等電器的開關(guān) ,反義詞組為 turn off 關(guān)掉 ；Mother

3、 is asleep. Youd better not turn on the TV set.媽媽睡覺了；你最好別開電視機(jī)；2 open 開 ,打開 ,開啟 ,指打開門、窗、箱、盒、書等物品 ,反義詞為 close；close 的形容詞是 closed. open 仍可以作形容詞 ,意為“ 開著的、睜著的”；The boy is opening the window. 這個男孩正在開窗戶；3. Cut up the bananas. cut up 切碎 ,切開 ,相當(dāng)于 cut into pieces, cut up 屬于“動詞 +副詞 ” 構(gòu)成的短語 ,故接代詞it/them 時,要放在 c

4、ut up 中間 ,接名詞時放后邊和中間都可以；Cut up the apple. 切碎那個蘋果；Cut them up. 把它們切碎；【拓展】cut sth. into/in sth.將某物切成 ,cut down 砍倒 cut up 切碎She cut it up with a knife. She cut it into pieces with a knife. 她用刀把它切碎了；拓展 cut down 砍倒,削減；cut off 切除；cut out 刪除,刪去；Cut.in half 把. 切成兩半4. Pour the milk into the bender. pour 是及物動

5、詞 ,意為“ 傾倒 ,灌,澆” ,后可以接名詞 / 代詞作賓語； pour 可以接雙賓語或介詞短語 ,即 pour sb.sth.=pour sth.for sb. pour in意為“ 把 倒入 /灌入 ”,pourout 把 倒出； Shall I pour you a cup of tea. =Shall I pour a cup of tea for you. 需要我給你倒杯茶嗎 . Dont pour waste into the river.不要將垃圾倒進(jìn)河里；5. Put the bananas and ice-cream in the blender. put in 把 放進(jìn)

6、里,強(qiáng)調(diào)放入的結(jié)果；put into 把 放進(jìn) 里去 ,強(qiáng)調(diào)放入的過程 , into 意為“ 進(jìn)入 里”,是表示動態(tài)的復(fù)合介詞 , in 意為“ 在 里”,是表示靜態(tài)的介詞 ,在 put,throw,break,lay,fall 等動詞之后 ,既可以用 in,也可以用 into ；He put the books in/into the desk. 他把書放到書桌里去了；6. How much yogurt do we need. how much 表示“ 多少”,后面跟不行數(shù)名詞；How much water do you drink every day. 你每天喝多少水 . 【拓展】how

7、 much 仍可用來詢問價錢或運(yùn)算的結(jié)果；How much does this bike cost. =Whats the price of this bike. 這輛自行車值多少錢 . How much is two plus two. =Whattwo plus two. 二加二是多少 . 【辨析】how many , how much 1how many 后面接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) ,對數(shù)量的“ 多少” 進(jìn)行提問；How many students took part in the school sports meeting in your class. 你們班有多少同學(xué)參加了學(xué)校運(yùn)動會 . 2

8、 how much 可單獨(dú)使用 ,或后面接不行數(shù)名詞 ,對錢等數(shù)量的“ 多少” 進(jìn)行提問；How much did you pay for the coat. 你買這件外套花了 多少錢 . How much water is there in the glass. 杯子里有 多少 水. 7. Then add the cabbage, tomatoes and onion and cook for another 10 minutes. add v.增加 ;添加； 指在原有的基礎(chǔ)上再添加；Please add some salt to the soup. 請往湯里加點(diǎn)鹽；【辨析】add to

9、,add to 1 add to 把 加到 上,把 加到 中；假如 to 的賓語在上文中已經(jīng)提到 ,就可省略賓語和 to ；This soup is too salty.Please add some hot water to the soup. 2 add to 是“ 增加 ,增加” 的意思 ；這湯太咸了；請加些熱水；Your coming added to our pleasure. 你的到來增加了我們的歡樂； another 10 minutes 另外非常鐘 , “ another + 數(shù)字 + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) ”表示 “又 ,再 ” , 相當(dāng)于“ 數(shù)字+ more + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) ”；They

10、 worked for another two hours after twelve o 他們在十二點(diǎn)后又工作了 2 個小時；【拓展】another 通常用于三個以上或不確定數(shù)量中的任意一個人或物體 ,意思是“ 另一個 ,再一個” ；This pair of shoes is too small for me. Please show me another pair.我拿一雙；8. Half a cup. half a/an/the 半 、一半 ； half a cup of 半杯的 ；It took us half an hour to go half a mile. 我們花半小時走了半英里

11、；這雙鞋我穿太小了； 請?jiān)俳oPlease give me half a cup of tea. I am a little thirsty. 請給我半杯茶；我有點(diǎn)兒渴了；【留意】half of作主語 ,of 后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 /不行數(shù)名詞或代詞賓格 it 時,謂語動詞用單數(shù);如接復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或代詞賓格 them 時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；Half of the students are good at English. 一半的同學(xué)善于英語；Half of his money is lost.他一半的錢丟了；9. First, put some butter on a piece of bread.

12、piece n.片;塊 ;段； piece 是可數(shù)名詞 ,主要用于表示名詞的數(shù)量 He ate a piece of cake. 他吃了一塊蛋糕；10.people usually eat traditional food on special holidays. traditional adj.傳統(tǒng)的 ;慣例的；作表語或定語；,常用“ 數(shù)詞 +pieces+名詞 ”The traditional education should be changed. 傳統(tǒng)的訓(xùn)練需要轉(zhuǎn)變了；【拓展】 tradition n.傳統(tǒng) ,慣例 ,in the tradition of 具有 的風(fēng)格 ,by tra

13、dition 根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗；11. It is always on the fourth Thursday in November,and is a time to give thanks for food in the autumn. autumn n.秋天 ,秋季 ；It is cool in the autumn. 秋每天氣涼快；【固定搭配】in the autumn 在秋季 ,in the late autumn 在晚秋；12. These days, most Americans still celebrate this idea of giving thanks by having

14、 a big meal celebrate v.慶祝 ;慶賀；名詞形式為 celebration 慶祝 ,慶祝會；We celebrated the Spring Festival with a party at school.在學(xué)校我們舉辦聚會慶祝春節(jié)； by+v.-ing 構(gòu)成方式狀語 ,表示 “ 以某種方式、手段做某事” ,by 后可接名詞、代詞、動名詞形式；He teaches himself the violin by practicing the whole night.他通過整夜的練習(xí)自學(xué)小提琴；【拓展】對 by 引起的方式狀語提問時 ,常用疑問副詞 how ； How can

15、you change ice into water. 你怎樣才能把冰變成水 . By heating it. 通過加熱；13. Here is one way to make turkey for a Thanksgiving dinner. 這是個倒裝句；句式結(jié)構(gòu)為“Here is/Here are + 主語 +”, 其中的謂語動詞形式要與后面的主語的數(shù)保持一樣；如主語為代詞時 ,使用不完全倒裝 主語在前 ,謂語在后 ；Here is a ticket for you. 這里有一張票；Here are some bananas for them. 這兒有些香蕉給他們；Here she com

16、es.她來了； 介詞 for 在句中的意思是“ 對于,就 而言”, havefor breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner結(jié)構(gòu)表示“ 某餐吃什么”；What shall we have for breakfast, mom.媽媽,我們早餐吃什么？14. First, mix together some bread pieces, onions, salt and pepper. mix v.使 混合 ;融合；Dont mix business with pleasure.不要把工作和消遣摻和在一起；【拓展】1mix up 是動詞短語 ,意為“把 混合在一起 ,攪拌 ,攪勻

17、” ,它的賓語是名詞時 ,放在詞組中間或后面都可 ,如是代詞 it/them, 必需放在詞組中間；She mixed two drinks up in a glass. 她把兩種飲料在玻璃杯里混合；2mix into/to是指“把 和 混合在一起 ” ,指把兩種不同類的事物混合在一起；Mix an egg into batter. 把面糊中加進(jìn)一個雞蛋；15. Next,fill the turkey with this bread mix. fill v.使布滿 ;裝滿； fill with 用 裝滿 ,其主語通常是人；She filled the bottle with cola. 他往瓶

18、子里裝滿了可樂；被動式為 be filled with, 相當(dāng)于 be full of ；The bottle is filled with cola.The bottle is full of cola. 瓶子里裝滿了可樂；16. When it is ready, place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy. cover v.掩蓋 ,遮擋 ;n.封面 ,蓋子； cover with 用 把 掩蓋 ;be covered with 被 所覆蓋； Three fourths of the surface of the ea

19、rth 掩蓋著；is covered with water. 地球表面的四分之三被水You can see a cock on the cover of the book. 你能在這本書的封面上看到一只公雞；17.Finally,cut the turkey into thin pieces and eat the meat with vegetables like carrots and potatoes. cut into thin pieces 把 切成薄片；Please cut the potato into thin pieces.請把這個土豆切成薄片； the meat with

20、vegetables是一個名詞短語,中心詞為 meat, 介詞短語 with vegetables 作后置定語 ,修飾 meat, 此處 with 表示某物帶有 / 具有某種特點(diǎn)；Tom is an English boy with short and curly hair.湯姆是一個頭發(fā)短而卷曲的英國男孩；18.serve it to your friends with some vegetables. serve v.接待 ;服務(wù) ;供應(yīng)； service n. 服務(wù)Air hostesses all smile when they serve the passengers.【拓展】ser

21、ve 的常用結(jié)構(gòu) : 1 “serve+ 名詞 /代詞 ” 供應(yīng)某物 The company will serve a meal at noon to all workers.2serve sb.sth.= serve sth.to sb. 款待某人某物；空姐們?yōu)槌丝头?wù)時總是滿臉笑容；該公司將為全部工人供應(yīng)午餐；The waiter served tea to his customer. 那個服務(wù)員給他的顧客上茶；3serve sb.with sth. 用某物款待某人；The old man served us with milk tea yesterday.老人昨天用茶奶款待了我們；4 “

22、serve+ 賓語 +賓語補(bǔ)足語 形容詞 ”表示 “供應(yīng) ”；Please serve the milk hot. 請供應(yīng)熱牛奶；19.cook it at a very high temperature for a long time. temperature n.溫度 ;氣溫 ;體溫；一般用high 和 low 形容溫度的高低；The temperature outside is below zero. 外面溫度是零下；【固定搭配】 take one s temperature量某人的體溫；Do you take your temperature. 你量體溫了嗎 . 20. To make

23、 this special food, you need to have rice noodles,chicken soup,chicken,lettuce and eggs. To make this special food, 是動詞不定式短語 ,在句中作目的狀語 ,動詞不定式作目的狀語通常放在句子后面 ,假如放前面 ,應(yīng)用逗號隔開；To master a foreign language, you must work hard at it. They have gone out to do some shopping. 為了熟知一門外語,你必需努力學(xué)習(xí)它；【拓展】另外不定式短語作狀語時 ,仍可以表示“ 緣由、結(jié)果”；We were surprised to hear the news. 聽到這個消息我們很驚訝；表緣由 21. Now,its time to enjoy the rice noodles. It s time to do sth. 和 It s time for sth. 都表示“ 該到 時候了”,to 是不定式符號 ,故后要接動詞原形 ,for 是介詞 ,故其后要接名詞或 doing sth. ；It s time to have supper.=It s time for supper. 到吃晚飯的時