江蘇開放大學綜合英語（進階）形考作業(yè)三

1、我的課程綜合英語（進階）階段性小結(jié)三形成性考核作業(yè)三（占總成績7. 5%）作業(yè)詳情0Cl. Fill in the blanks with the words or expressions given in a word bank below. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each blank.A.motivatingB.pay a big priceC es down to D.enlightening E. violatesF. wou

2、ld rather G. make concessionsH e in handy I.prejudicedJ. composeIf you be alone, we will leave here.The Prime Minister has made it clear that he wont to the strikers.It is a good opportunity for us to invest in the project, but it money in the end;that is how much money we can afford to invest.You w

3、ill need to prove the noise made by your neighbor the regulations.She frowned at the sales report, making an effort toherself before she talked to the employees.Although personally we believe this to be of only secondary importance, its potential rolein innovative acts cannot be ignored.Please don，t

4、 forget the Tourist Guide, which should when you travel to different places in Asia and Europe for the next few weeks.She didn，t want to marry him and was against him because he didnt meet her expectations for marriage.You will for not learning English;you never know how much you will miss without b

5、eing able to speak English.To study a number of subjects in the humanities has been both enjoyable and, providing me with a new and different perspective on the world in which we live.客觀題總分值：20分得分：20分第1空分值：2分第2空分值：2分第3空分值：2分第4空分值：2分第5空分值：2分第6空分值：2分第7空分值：2分第8空分值：2分第9空分值：2分第10空分值：2分正確答案：F； G； C； E； J；

6、 A； H； I； B； D學生答案：F； G； C； E； J； A； II； I； B； D老師點評:答案解析:C2. Read the passage and select one word for each blank.A.vanishB.absolutelyC.rivalD. impliesE.accumulatingF. betterG.TheoreticallyIL ratherI.becauseJ. probabilityIn my opinion, making a decision 1 that there are several options for us to thi

7、nk about. Sometimes, we have to choose from 2options, and in such a case we want not only to identify as many of these difficult choices as possible, but also to choose the one that has the highest 3of success. To achieve this goal, every carefully chosen decision must be made in the light of a pres

8、et standard. Also,，zDo itorDont do itdoes not qualify as a set of alternative choices. OnlyDo thisorDo something elsez，really qualifies. (By Steven)the winning strategy of decision-making is to sufficiently reduce uncertainty to allow a reasonable choice to be made. However, many of us are expectedl

9、y unreasonable. We can，t bear to let any opportunities 5 nor can we even stand the temporary pain. We have a tendency to seek more information than required to make a complicated decision. However, when too much information is sought and obtained, 6 than restricted options,several problems can arise

10、. (By Judy)Thats 7 true.For example, when so much information is available, our decision-making ability actually declines 8 the information can no longer be managed with conscious effort. A major problem caused by information overload is forgetfulness. We are naturally prejudiced that more is 9. How

11、ever, when too much information is taken into memory, especially in a short period of time, some of the information that was received earlier will be pushed out. Therefore, 10evidence shows that more is not necessarily better. (By Jason)客觀題總分值：20分得分：20分第1空分值：2分第2空分值：2分第3空分值：2分第4空分值：2分第5空分值：2分第6空分值：2

12、分第7空分值：2分第8空分值：2分第9空分值：2分第10空分值：2分正確答案：D； C； J； G； A； H； B； I； F； E學生答案：D； C； J； G； A； H； B； I； F； E老師點評:i3IC3. Reading comprehension. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.For millions of years before the appearance of the electric light, shift work, all-night cable TV and the Interne

13、t, earths creatures evolved on a planet with predictable and reassuring 24-hour rhythms. Our biological clocks are set for this daily cycle. Simply, our bodies want to sleep at night and be awake during the day. Most women and men need between eight and eight and a half hours of sleep a night to fun

14、ction properly throughout their lives. (Contrary to popular belief, humans don，t need less sleep as they age.)But on average, Americans sleep only about seven and a half hours per night,a marked drop from the nine hours they averaged in 1910. Whats worse, nearly one third of all Americans get less t

15、han six hours of sleep on a typical work night. For most people, thats not nearly enough.Finding ways to get more and better sleep can be a challenge. Scientists have identified more than 80 different sleep disorders. Some sleeping disorders are genetic. But many problems are caused by staying up la

16、te and by travelling frequently between time zones or by working nights. Dr. James F. Jones at National Jewish Medical and Research Centre in Denver says that sleep disorders are often diagnosed as other discomforts. About one third of the patients referred to him with possible chronic fatigue syndr

17、ome actually have treatable sleep disorders. Before we do anything else, we look at their sleep, /zJones says.Sleep experts say that most people would benefit from a good look at their sleep patterns. z，My motto (座右銘)isSleep defensively, says Mary Carskadon of Brown University. She says people need

18、to carve out sufficient time to sleep,even if it means giving up other things. Sleep routines一like going to bed and getting up at the same time every day一are important. Pre-bedtime activities also make a difference.As with Elsner, who used to suffer from sleeplessness, a few life style changes一avoid

19、ing stimulants and late meals, exercising hours before bed-time, relaxing with a hot bathyield better sleep.What do we learn about human sleep from the second paragraph?A)Most people need less sleep when they grow older.B)Most people need seven and a half hours of sleep every night.C)On average,peop

20、le in the US today sleep less per night than they used to. D)For most people, less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night is enough.For our bodies to function properly, we should.A)sleep for at least eight hours per nightB)believe that we need less sleep as we ageC)adjust our activities to

21、the new inventionsD)be able to predict the rhythms of our biological clocksAccording to the author, many sleeping disorders are caused by.A)other diseasesB)improper sleep patternsC)pre-bedtime exercisesD)chronic fatigue syndromeWhich of the following measures can help you sleep better?A)Having late

22、meals.B)Travelling between time zones.C)Staying up late.D)Taking a hot bath.What does the author mean by sayingSleep defensively77 (Para. 4) ?A)People should go to a doctor and have their problems diagnosed.B)People should exercise immediately before going to bed every night.C)People should sacrific

23、e other things to getting enough sleep if necessary.D)People should give up going to bed and getting up at the same time every day. 客觀題總分值：10分得分：10分第1空分值：2分第2空分值：2分第3空分值：2分第4空分值：2分第5空分值：2分正確答案：C； A； B； D； C學生答案：C； A； B； D； C老師點評:答案解析:1-11C4. Passage Two. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following p

24、assage.Some 23 million additional US residents are expected to become more regular users of the US health care system in the next several years, thanks to the passage of health care reform. Digitizing medical data has been promoted as one way to help the already burdened system manage the surge in p

25、atients. But putting people，s health information in databases and online is going to do more than simply reduce redundancies(冗余).It is already shifting the very way we seek and receive health care.“The social dynamics of care are changing,，zsays John Gomez, vice president and chief technology strate

26、gy officer at Eclipsys, a medical information technology company. Most patients might not yet be willing to share their latest CT scan images over Facebook, he notes, but many parents post their babiesultrasound (超聲 波)images, and countless patients nowadays use social networking sites to share infor

27、mation about conditions, treatments and doctors.With greater access to individualized health information一whether that is through a formal electronic medical record, a self-created personal health record or a quick instant-messaging session with a physician一the traditional roles of doctors and patien

28、ts are undergoing a rapid transition. z，F(xiàn)or as long as weve known, health care has been，I go to the physician, and they tell me what to do, and I do it, says Nitu Kashyap, a physician and research fellow at the Yale Center for Medical Informatics. Soon more patients will be arriving at a hospital or

29、 doctor，s office having reviewed their own record,latest test results and recommendedarticles about their health concerns. And even more individuals will be able to skip that visit altogether, instead sending a text message or e-mail to their care provider or consulting a personal health record or s

30、mart-phone application to answer their questions.These changes will be strengthened by the nationwide shift to electronic medical records, which has already begun. Although the majority of US hospitals and doctors，offices are still struggling to start the changeover, many patients already have elect

31、ronic medical records一and some even have partial access to them.The MyChart program, in use at Cleveland Clinic,the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre at Dallas and other facilities, is a Web portal (門戶)through which patients can see basic medical information as well as some test result

32、s.Medical data is getting a new digital life, and it is jump-starting afundamental change in how care is provided”, Gomez says.online?A) It B)It Olt D)ItWhat does the author say about putting patient information in databases and enables more Americans to join the health care system, contributes to t

33、he passage of health care reform, increases the burden of the US health care system, changes how people seek and receive health care.Gomez?A) ToB) ToC) ToD) ToWhat do many patients use social networking sites to do according to John improve their social interactions.post their latest CT scan images,

34、 share information about their health care, show their babies，recent pictures.According to Nitu Kashyap, more patients in the future will.A)refuse to follow their doctors，adviceB)be more dependent on their doctorsC)leave out their visit to doctors，offices and hospitalsD)have their illness cured thro

35、ugh e-mailIt is stated in the fifth paragraph that.A)nationwide digitalization of medical data will begin soonB)most of US hospitals and doctors are against the shiftC)patients are worried about the security of their health informationD)patients are starting to make use of their electronic medical r

36、ecords5. The best title for A)The Future of Your B)Challenges Against C)Benefits of the USthis passage could be. Medical Data Doctors and Hospitals Health Care Reform客觀題總分值 第1空分值 第2空分值 第3空分值D)How to Access and Share Your Health Information10分得分：10分2分2分2分第4空分值：2分第5空分值：2分正確答案：D； C； C； D； A學生答案：D； C； C

37、； D； A老師點評：答案解析:C5. Passage Three. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.“Sushi tastes amazing. A great steak is just amazing. z，Those are not the words you expect to hear from a leader of the vegetarian movement. But thats how Graham Hill, founder of the sustainability website Tree Hu

38、gger,feels about the fleshier components of his diet. He is a self-describedz，weekday vegetarian”, a compromise that came about after years of trying一and failing一to adhere to a strictly vegetarian diet.For the past year, Hill has preached the cause of partial vegetarianism to help fight global warmi

39、ng. According to the UN, the livestock industry produces 18%of the world，s green house gases. Part-time vegetarians, also known as flexitarians, choose what to eat and when. The popular Meatless Monday movement, which began in 2003, has been backed by many celebrities, including Paul McCartney, who

40、has spearheaded($ 先)his own Meat Free Monday campaign. Last year the Belgian city of Ghent picked Thursday as its Veggieday, calling for meat-free options to be served that day in schools and public institutions.The drive to avoid eating meat on certain days is not new. Catholics have long been urge

41、d to abstain(自我克制)on Fridays. But environmentalists have only recently caught onThe surge is due to a sense of a plateau. You，ve already reached out to the base of strict vegetarians, and it，s hard to get beyond those numbers, z，says Peter Singer, a Princeton philosophy professor and the author of A

42、nimalLiberation. People should go further, but its progressed in the right direction.，zAlthough the American Dietetic Association(ADA)doesn，t track the number of part-timers, the group says roughly 2. 5%of Americans are strictly vegetarian, a diet that poses no health risks as long as practitioners

43、get enough protein from beans and other nonmeat sources. Z，A partial-vegetarian plan is a little more user-friendly,，zsa.ys Dawn Jackson Blatner, a flexitarian and ADA spokesperson.The goal for many activists is simply to get more people to eat less meat. Absolute purists should be living in a cave,

44、 “says Ingrid Newkirk, president of People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals(PETA). Anybody who witnesses the suffering of animals and has a glimmer of hope of reducing that suffering can，t take the position that its all or nothing. We have to be pragmatic. Screw the principle. z，The first quote

45、of the passage is intended to show that.A)sushi and steak are both HilT s favorite foodB)the vegetarian movements are popularC)Hill isn，t a qualified leader of the vegetarian movementD)its difficult to be a strict vegetarianWhat is said about Graham Hill?A)He doesn，t eat meat only on weekdays.B)He d

46、oesnt want to be a strict vegetarian.C)He is an environmentalist.D)He failed to lose weight.Why does Paul McCartney support the Meatless Monday movement?A)He wants to help fight global warming.B)He，d like to take this to promote his popularity.C)He is a Catholic avoiding eating meat on Mondays.D)He

47、is an advocate of protecting animals.What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?A)Part-time vegetarians account for nearly 2. 5%of Americans.B)A fully vegetarian diet may have no bad effect on health.C)Partial vegetarians are healthier than strict vegetarians.D)Many celebrities are part-time vegetarians.

48、According to Ingrid Newkirk,.A)people should adhere to a strictly vegetarian dietB)everybody should act to fight global warmingC)a partial-vegetarian plan works more sensiblyD)people should stop eating meat since its bad for health客觀題總分值：10分得分：10分第1空分值：2分第2空分值：2分第3空分值：2分第4空分值：2分第5空分值：2分正確答案：D； C； A；

49、 B； C學生答案：D； C； A； B； C老師點評：答案解析：C6. Translation. Translate the following passage into Chinese.When women work for women, a different dynamic often takes over. Susan, a cashier in a Toronto auction house, says that she has explored friendships with some of her female bosses and feels she can rely on

50、 them more. While women may feel more at ease with a female boss, men often have to make concessions to the new working styles. Brian, a marine biologist, says, Z/It took me a couple of years before I felt comfortable enough to relax around a female manager. In fact, my relations with her were much

51、more businesslike.主觀題總分值：10分得分：10分正確答案：當女性為女上司工作時，往往會用一種不同的工作和交流方式。蘇珊是多倫多一家拍賣 行的收銀員，她說，她與一些女上司建立起了友誼，她感到她們更能夠依靠。雖然女性可能 會覺得與女上司相處時更自然，男性卻往往不得不作出改變以適應女上司新的工作方式。海 洋生物學家布賴恩說：“我花了幾年時間才能在與女經(jīng)理共事時感到輕松自如。事實上，之 前我與她的關系更多只是一種務實的工作關系。”學生答案：當婦女為婦女工作時，一種不同的動力往往取而代之。多倫多一家拍賣行的收銀員蘇珊 (Susan)說，她和一些女老板建立了友誼，覺得自己可以更多地依賴

52、她們。雖然女性可能對 女老板更放心，但男性往往不得不對新的工作方式做出讓步。海洋生物學家布賴恩(Brian) 說，“過了幾年，我才覺得與一位女老板在一起很舒服。事實上，我和她的關系更像商業(yè)關 系。”老師點評：C7. Writing.Write an essay of no less than 150 words on the topic of“Why people make poor decisions?.主觀題總分值：20分得分：15分正確答案：Sample for reference:Were confronted with choices every day. Sometimes we

53、get them wrong, and som etimes right. Why do we sometimes decide poorly?There are two major reasons for making poor decisions:We tend to use bad data and lack good information.The first reason for poor decision-making is that people tend to use bad da ta. They are not very rational when making a dec

54、ision. Consider a simple example. When people choose cell phone service, they need to look at objective ratings fo r customer service. However, if someone they know says he or she had a bad experi ence with a particular cell phone service provider,they tend to give that one o pinion more weight than any of the thousands of consumer reports.Consequently,t hey