中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法動(dòng)詞填空專項(xiàng)課件

1、專題（一）如何做動(dòng)詞填空題？請(qǐng)大家來(lái)看這十道題（寫出你們的答案和做題方法）：Tom hurt himself _ (play) soccer yesterday.I sent an e-mail to my parents _ (tell) them about my life in another city.Ms. Zhang asks us _(do) our homework carefully.Tom enjoys _ (play) soccer._ (volunteer) here is a dream come true for me.Jane _ (call) up her pa

2、rents every weekend.The old man is _ (repair) his bike now.Thank you for _ (invite) me to the party.The ideas that he came up with _ (work) out fine.You mustnt _ (cross) the road when the light is red and we should _ (follow) the traffic rules.一般動(dòng)詞填空題，一考謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，二考非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。Tips 做題技巧：所以，第一步先判斷填空處是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，還是非謂語(yǔ)

3、動(dòng)詞。請(qǐng)做分類，哪些題考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，哪些是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞？（注意圈畫）1. Tom hurt himself _ (play) soccer yesterday.2. I sent an e-mail to my parents _ (tell) them about my life in another city.3. Ms. Zhang asks us _(do) our homework carefully.4. Tom enjoys _ (play) soccer.5. _ (volunteer) here is a dream come true for me.6. Jane _ (ca

4、ll) up her parents every weekend.7. The old man is _ (repair) his bike now.8. Thank you for _ (invite) me to the party.9. The ideas that he came up with _ (work) out fine.10. You mustnt _ (cross) the road when the light is red and we should _ (follow) the traffic rules.非謂非謂非謂謂非謂謂非謂非謂謂謂謂一般考動(dòng)詞填空，一考謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)

5、詞，二考非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。先判斷填空處是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。第一類考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，就知道謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是緊跟在主語(yǔ)后的動(dòng)詞，全句的眼睛。填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要考慮時(shí)態(tài)和人稱。判斷時(shí)態(tài)就要找時(shí)間詞。回憶我們學(xué)過的時(shí)態(tài)，他們每個(gè)的結(jié)構(gòu)是什么，然后正確填空。Tips 做題技巧：32145如何做動(dòng)詞填空題？6. Jane _ (call) up her parents every weekend.7. The old man is _ (repair) his bike now.9. The ideas that he came up with _(work) out fine.10. You mustnt _ (cr

6、oss) the road when the light is red and we should _ (follow) the traffic rules.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：主 + be/do/doescalls現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：主 + am/is/are + doingrepairing考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞畫圈的是定語(yǔ)從句，本題考查主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,從句時(shí)態(tài)決定主句時(shí)態(tài)workedcrossfollow畫圈的是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后邊永遠(yuǎn)跟do一般考動(dòng)詞填空，一考謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，二考非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。所以，第二類考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在英語(yǔ)中有三類：動(dòng)詞不定式to do/do、動(dòng)名詞doing、分詞有現(xiàn)在分詞doing和過去分詞

7、done），注意動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞長(zhǎng)得一樣。我們目前沒有學(xué)過去分詞done，但有見過過去分詞作定語(yǔ)（如a broken clock, my lost pen, fallen leaves）。我們就先研究動(dòng)詞不定式to do/do、動(dòng)名詞doing 和現(xiàn)在分詞doing。Tips 做題技巧：32145填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，要結(jié)合句意。：動(dòng)詞不定式to do/do表目的，句子翻譯成為了，有時(shí)跟在固定動(dòng)詞（如tell, ask, advise，agree等）后面有時(shí)是在特殊句型（如神句），有時(shí)用省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式(let，make, had better后)；動(dòng)名詞doing跟在介詞或者固定動(dòng)詞（mind，

8、put off等）之后，或有時(shí)作主語(yǔ)；現(xiàn)在分詞doing作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ), 或作定語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于形容詞（如training class).Tips 做題技巧：876910It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth.make it adj. for sb. to do sth.It takes sb. st. to do sth.adj. enough for me to do sth.如何做動(dòng)詞填空題？請(qǐng)大家來(lái)看這幾道題：1. Tom hurt himself _ (play) soccer yesterday.2. I sent an e-mail to my paren

9、ts _ (tell) them about my life in another city.3. Ms. Zhang asks us _ (do) our homework carefully.4. Tom enjoys _ (play) soccer.5. _ (volunteer) here is a dream come true for me.8. Thank you for _ (invite) me to the party.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞playing結(jié)合句意，現(xiàn)在分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)to tell結(jié)合句意，表目的，為了to doplayingVolunteeringinviting

10、固定搭配ask sb. to do sth.固定搭配enjoy doing sth.介詞后面動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ),謂單小試牛刀(記得用我教給你們的方法哦！)1. My aunt _ (carry) her daughter upstairs to bed just now.2. What about _ (go) shopping this afternoon?3. He is old enough so let him _ (dress) himself.4. Teachers often tell us _ (not play) computer games too much.5. _ (e

11、at) a lot of vegetables and fruit is good for our health.6. Could you _ (take) out the rubbish when you _ (go）out?Keys: 1. carried 2. going 3. dress 4. not to play 5. Eating 6. take, goTo do 動(dòng)詞不定式(infinitives)“to+動(dòng)詞原形”被稱為動(dòng)詞不定式，常寫作to do (有時(shí)to可以省略)，否定形式為not to do。該形式在句中除了不能作謂語(yǔ)外，可作其他成分，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。下列動(dòng)詞不定

12、式都在哪里呢？1. You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up.2. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.3. I am making some signs to put up around the school.4. It is not enough to just get good grades at school.5. I am too tired to do my homework.6. I am

13、 glad to see you.7. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.8. Can you tell me how to get to the nearest bank?9. To see is to believe.10. I have something important to say.Sharp eyes!火眼金睛插播一個(gè)題外話！英語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)你了解嗎？英語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) （+ 狀語(yǔ)）主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) + 間接賓語(yǔ) + 直接賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) + 系動(dòng)詞

14、+ 表語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式除了不能作謂語(yǔ)，可以作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)哦。一、動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)To see is to believe. 百聞不如一見。To master a language is not easy. 精通一門語(yǔ)言不容易的。It is not enough to just get good grades at school.It took us half an hour to finish cleaning our classroom.動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)，常表示具體動(dòng)作；動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)，常表示一件未完成的事或目的；動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)，一般用it當(dāng)形式主語(yǔ)，把真正的主語(yǔ)

15、動(dòng)詞不定式后置，來(lái)避免句子的頭重腳輕。二、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)You must learn to look after yourself.He likes to write at night.The man downstairs found it difficult to fall asleep.結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+ to do.不定式常出現(xiàn)在一些及物動(dòng)詞后，構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，這類動(dòng)詞很多，需要大家逐個(gè)去識(shí)記。一些句子，動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)要后置，用形式賓語(yǔ)it代替，為了避免句子頭重腳輕，這類動(dòng)詞有feel，think，make, feel。直接跟to do的及物動(dòng)詞afford to do sth.

16、負(fù)擔(dān)得起做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事decide to do sth.決定做某事expect do sth sth. 期待做某事hope to do sth.希望做某事learn to do sth.學(xué)習(xí)做某事offer to do sth.主動(dòng)提供做某事plan to do sth. 計(jì)劃做某事promise to do sth. 允諾做某事refuse to do sth. 拒絕做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事wish to do sth. 希望做某事happen to do sth.碰巧做某事choose to do sth. 選擇做某事三、動(dòng)詞不定

17、式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Could you please ask him to call me back?Ms. Zhang often tells her students to do their homework carefully.We often heard her sing in the next room.結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+ 名詞/代詞 + to do.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，是動(dòng)詞不定式被用來(lái)補(bǔ)充說明賓語(yǔ)的情況。有些動(dòng)詞要求動(dòng)詞不定式必須帶to，有些要求不帶to，這類動(dòng)詞多是感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞；這些動(dòng)詞也是需要大家逐一識(shí)記。advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事allow sb

18、. to do sth. 允許某人做某事ask sb. to do sth. 讓某人做某事encourage sb to do sth. 鼓勵(lì)某人做某事expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事force sb. to do sth. 強(qiáng)迫某人做某事help sb. (to) do sth. 幫助某人做某事invite sb. to do sth. 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事order sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事persuade sb. to do sth. 說服某人做某事prefer sb. to do sth. 寧愿某

19、人做某事remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 告訴某人做某事want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事跟to do作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞感覺 feel sb. do sth.注意 notice sb. do sth.聽 hear sb. do sth./ listen to sb. do sth.讓 let sb. do sth./make sb. do sth./h

20、ave sb. do sth.看 see sb. do sth./watch sb. do sth./look at sb. do sth./ observe sb. do sth.跟省略to的do作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞32145四、動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)My job is to look after my sister.The first important thing was to save lives.To see is to believe.動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)，放在be動(dòng)詞后面。動(dòng)詞不定式作表語(yǔ)，常說明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容是什么，性質(zhì)，特征等。五、動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)I have a lot of work t

21、o do.She is the first student to get to school.There is nothing to eat in the fridge and I am so hungry.I need a piece of paper to write on.不定式作定語(yǔ)要放在被修飾的名詞或代詞之后，如圈出的單詞。如果不定式動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，要把適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~加上。六、動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)He came to give us a talk yesterday.I am so pleased to meet so many old friends at the party.She w

22、as too scared to think clearly after the accident.動(dòng)詞不定式做狀語(yǔ)，常用于目的狀語(yǔ)，原因狀語(yǔ)和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。用于目的狀語(yǔ)，可置于句首或句末，置于句首當(dāng)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)；用于原因狀語(yǔ)，多見于“sb. + be + adj. + to do”結(jié)構(gòu)；用于結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，多見于“too + adj./adv. to do”或“enough to do ”結(jié)構(gòu)中。作目的狀語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)七、帶疑問詞的不定式短語(yǔ)I dont know what to try next because there is lots of food.Jane is thinking abo

23、ut how to go to the party while it is raining heavily.They havent decided where to go for their holiday.特殊疑問詞 + to do這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)，實(shí)際上是簡(jiǎn)化了的賓語(yǔ)從句。下列動(dòng)詞不定式都在哪里呢？做什么成分？1. You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up.2. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.3. I am making some signs to put up around the school.4. It is not enough to just get good grades at school.5. I am too tired to do my homework.6. I am glad to see you.7. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.8. Can you tell me how to get to the nearest bank?