新概念英語2NCEunit16復(fù)習(xí)課件

1、新概念英語2NCEunit16復(fù)習(xí)新概念英語2NCEunit16復(fù)習(xí)句子的結(jié)構(gòu) L1簡(jiǎn)單陳述句：陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)的簡(jiǎn)單句。只有一個(gè)主語和一個(gè)謂語，每個(gè)成分都是單詞或短語。陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)，句末用句號(hào)，分為肯定句和否定句。Father gave me a bike. I like you.句子開頭第一個(gè)字母要大寫，末尾要有句點(diǎn)、問號(hào)或感嘆號(hào)。Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun句子的結(jié)構(gòu) L1簡(jiǎn)單陳述句：陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)的簡(jiǎn)單句。Monda簡(jiǎn)單陳述句的語序主語部分謂語部分主語動(dòng)詞賓語狀語（通常無強(qiáng)制性）方式地點(diǎn)時(shí)間IIThe childrenThe carThe gir

2、lboughtranshouted atstoppedreada hatmeangrily.Suddenly.quietlyhome.in her roomyesterday.all afternoon.Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun簡(jiǎn)單陳述句的語序主語部分謂語部分主語動(dòng)詞賓語狀語（通常無強(qiáng)制簡(jiǎn)單陳述句的語序主語一般為名詞、代詞、或名詞短語，通常位于動(dòng)詞之前。動(dòng)詞必須與主語一致，所以主語決定動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式（如 I am, you are, he has）賓語一般為名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞或名詞短語。在主動(dòng)句中，賓語位于動(dòng)詞之后。一個(gè)句子不總需要有賓語。狀語

3、的位置比較靈活。當(dāng)一個(gè)句子中有一種以上的副詞時(shí)，地點(diǎn)副詞的一般位置是在方式副詞之后、時(shí)間副詞之前。時(shí)間狀語可以在句尾，也可以在句首。Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun簡(jiǎn)單陳述句的語序主語一般為名詞、代詞、或名詞短語，通常位于動(dòng)練習(xí)：調(diào)整語序Music I very much like.The news listened to I carefully.Quietly the door he opened.A tree in the corner of the garden he planted.Games played yesterday in their

4、 room the children quietly.The little boy an apple this morning ate greedily in the kitchen.Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun練習(xí)：調(diào)整語序Music I very much like.感嘆句 L2What引導(dǎo)的感嘆句來表示驚奇、憤怒、贊賞、喜悅等感情。構(gòu)成：What + 名詞(包括冠詞和形容詞) + 主語代詞 + 謂語動(dòng)詞 + !It is a bad day. What a bad day it is!Friday, September 9, 2022by H

5、elen Sun感嘆句 L2What引導(dǎo)的感嘆句來表示驚奇、憤怒、贊賞、喜悅感嘆句練習(xí)It is a tall building.He is a strange guy.This is a wonderful garden.He is causing a lot of trouble!Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun感嘆句練習(xí)It is a tall building.Mon“動(dòng)詞+雙賓語”結(jié)構(gòu)及其轉(zhuǎn)換雙賓語由直接賓語和間接賓語組成。直接賓語是謂語動(dòng)詞的承受者，間接賓語表示謂語動(dòng)作的方向（對(duì)誰做）或動(dòng)作的目標(biāo)（為誰做），間接賓語緊接在謂語動(dòng)詞后，但它不

6、能單獨(dú)存在。它和直接賓語組成雙賓語。什么時(shí)候出現(xiàn)雙賓語A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. (L2)直接賓語： a few words of Italian間接賓語： meFriday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun“動(dòng)詞+雙賓語”結(jié)構(gòu)及其轉(zhuǎn)換雙賓語由直接賓語和間接賓語組成?！皠?dòng)詞+雙賓語”結(jié)構(gòu)及其轉(zhuǎn)換常用句型為：主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語。如：She gave me a cup of tea. 她給了我一杯茶。有時(shí)，間接賓語也可改為由介詞to或for引起的短語，放在直接賓語的后面。如：Sh

7、e gave a cup of tea to me.Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun“動(dòng)詞+雙賓語”結(jié)構(gòu)及其轉(zhuǎn)換常用句型為：主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換的例子He bought me a book. He bought a book for me.Tom left me a message. Tom left a message to me.She cooked us a delicious meal. She cooked a delicious meal for us.Please pass me the salt. Please pass

8、the salt to me.Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換的例子He bought me a book.“動(dòng)詞+雙賓語”結(jié)構(gòu)及其轉(zhuǎn)換常用的能接雙賓語的及物動(dòng)詞give, teach, buy, lend, find, hand, leave, sell, show, read, pay, make, offer, build, pass, bring, cook, refuse等。由to連接間接賓語的動(dòng)詞有：pass, give, show, tell, lend, take等；e.g.: passto. 請(qǐng)把水遞給我。由for連接間

9、接賓語的動(dòng)詞有：buy, cook, get, sing, make等。e.g.: singfor 為他唱首歌吧。Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun“動(dòng)詞+雙賓語”結(jié)構(gòu)及其轉(zhuǎn)換常用的能接雙賓語的及物動(dòng)詞Mon雙賓語的特殊情況1. 當(dāng)直接賓語是人稱代詞（it/them），就需要在間接賓語之前加介詞to，并把這個(gè)帶to的間接賓語放在直接賓語之后。如：Hand it to me, please. 請(qǐng)把它遞給我。（不能說hand me it）2. 當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)間接賓語時(shí)。如：Mother cooks breakfast for us every day. 母親每天都為

10、我們做早飯。3. 當(dāng)間接賓語比直接賓語長(zhǎng)時(shí)。如：On the bus, he often gives his seat to an old person. 在公共汽車上，他經(jīng)常把座位讓給老人。Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun雙賓語的特殊情況1. 當(dāng)直接賓語是人稱代詞（it/them）已學(xué)過的時(shí)態(tài)歸納時(shí)態(tài)用法動(dòng)詞形式肯定句否定句一般疑問句及回答特殊疑問句及回答一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun已學(xué)過的時(shí)態(tài)歸納時(shí)態(tài)用法動(dòng)詞形式肯定句否定句一般疑問句及回答時(shí)態(tài)用法動(dòng)詞形式肯定句否

11、定句一般疑問句及回答特殊疑問句及回答一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般、經(jīng)常、習(xí)慣、真理原形/三單do/doesI doHe doesI dont doHe doesnt doDo you like milk?Yes, I do./No, I dont.What do you like?I like milk.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在某時(shí)正在做某事be+現(xiàn)在分詞am/is/are doingI am doingWe are doingHe isnt doingYou arent doingAre you reading?Yes, I am./No, Im not.What are you doing?Im reading.

12、一般過去時(shí)過去某一時(shí)間做了某事過去式didI didHe didI didnt doHe didnt doDid you drink milk?Yes, I did./No, I didnt.What did you do?I drank milk.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去已經(jīng)完成某事，對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響have/has+現(xiàn)在分詞He has doneYou have doneShe hasnt doneThey havent done.Has he come?Yes, he has./No, he hasnt.What has he done?He has come.Friday, September 9,

13、 2022by Helen Sun時(shí)態(tài)用法動(dòng)詞形式肯定句否定句一般疑問句及回答特殊疑問句及回答一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以表示習(xí)慣性或經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作以及存在的狀態(tài)，往往與頻度副詞連用。Do you often come here?I always go to the library on Friday.構(gòu)成：主語do/does標(biāo)志詞：often, always, sometimes, never等Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以表示習(xí)慣性或經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作以及存在的狀一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法1.表示事物的本質(zhì)特性或客觀存在，沒有時(shí)限性。The t

14、able _ soft。（feels) 表特性特征。Japan _ in the east of China。 (locates) 表客觀事實(shí)2.現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的行為，可帶頻率時(shí)間。The shop closes at 7:30 p.m.Father doesnt smoke. （習(xí)慣）3.表說話時(shí)的狀態(tài)，感覺或結(jié)果，一般用狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如：It doesnt matter. Does it hurt? （感覺結(jié)果）Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法1.表示事物的本質(zhì)特性或客觀存在，沒有時(shí)限性一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法特殊用法在條件、時(shí)間、讓步從

15、句中用現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來。If you go there, Ill help you.用在begin, come, go, leave, return, open, close 等短暫謂語動(dòng)詞表規(guī)定計(jì)劃。The plane takes off at 11:30. （不受主觀支配的計(jì)劃）在劇本、解說、標(biāo)題或there(here）開頭的句中表進(jìn)行There goes the bell/Here comes Mr.Wang.I declare the meeting opens.（正在宣布）He meets the ball and hits back to No.2 （正在發(fā)生）Friday, Sep

16、tember 9, 2022by Helen Sun一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法特殊用法在條件、時(shí)間、讓步從句中用現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) L2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成： 主語be+ doing 標(biāo)志詞：now, at the momentHe is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia . (L2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或正在發(fā)生的事件，往往與now, still等副詞連用。John is still sleeping.Mrs. Smith is cook

17、ing now.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)也用來表示當(dāng)前（一段時(shí)間）的動(dòng)向：Jack is working hard these days.We are singing together.Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) L2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成： 主語be+ doing 通常不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞表示感覺或感情的詞，如：hear, see, smell, taste, feel,(感官動(dòng)詞） seem, notice, hate, love, like, want, wish, refuse, prefer, forgive等。 表示存在或所屬的詞，如：exist,

18、 stay, remain, obtain, have, own, form, contain等。 表示認(rèn)識(shí)或理解的詞，如：understand, know, remember, forget, believe, think(認(rèn)為）, doubt等I think that you are a good friend. 這里表示“認(rèn)為”，是一種常態(tài)，就不要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。I am thinking about that where we are. 這里表示“考慮/思考”，是一種短期的動(dòng)作，就要用進(jìn)行時(shí)。Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun通常不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞

19、表示感覺或感情的詞，如：hear,一般過去時(shí) L3一般過去時(shí)通常表示過去發(fā)生的而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束的事情、動(dòng)作或情況。它通常指動(dòng)作何時(shí)發(fā)生，而不指動(dòng)作持續(xù)多久。I went to a park yesterday.構(gòu)成形式：主語動(dòng)詞過去式標(biāo)志詞：yesterday, last week, one month ago等某個(gè)特定的過去時(shí)間。Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun一般過去時(shí) L3一般過去時(shí)通常表示過去發(fā)生的而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束的練習(xí)動(dòng)詞的過去式Work live study stopBegin drive draw feed Speak sell stand

20、bringCan shall will mayCome hear mean letAm is are have hasbuild eat feel find go leave run see take make get buyFriday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun練習(xí)動(dòng)詞的過去式Work live study sto規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式變化1、一般情況下，動(dòng)詞詞尾加 -ed ，如： work -worked play-played wanted-wanted act-acted 2、以不發(fā)音的 -e 結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞詞尾加 -d，如： live-lived mov

21、e-moved taste-tasted hope-hoped 3、以輔音字母 + y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把-y變?yōu)?i 再加-ed，如：study-studied copy-copied cry-cried carry-carried 4、以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞，雙寫詞尾輔音字母，再加 -ed，如： stop -stopped Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式變化1、一般情況下，動(dòng)詞詞尾加 -ed ，如不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式的構(gòu)成 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式變化規(guī)律性不強(qiáng)，須多加記憶。1把動(dòng)詞原形中的i改為a，變成過去式。如： beginbe

22、gandrinkdrankgivegaveringrangsingsangsitsat swimswam 2把重讀開音節(jié)中的i改為o，變成過去式。如： drivedrove，riderode，writewrote 3改動(dòng)詞原形中的aw ow為ew，變成過去式。如： drawdrew，growgrew，knowknew，throwthrew（動(dòng)詞show除外，showshowed） 4動(dòng)詞原形中的e改為o，變成過去式。如： getgot，forgetforgot 5動(dòng)詞原形中的ee改為e，變成過去式。如：feedfed，meetmetFriday, September 9, 2022by Hel

23、en Sun不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式的構(gòu)成 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式變化規(guī)律性不強(qiáng)，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式的構(gòu)成 6動(dòng)詞原形中的eep改為ept，變成過去式。如： keepkept，sleepslept，sweepswept 7動(dòng)詞原形中的eak改為oke，變成過去式。如： breakbroke，speakspoke 8動(dòng)詞原形中的ell改為old，變成過去式。如：sellsold，telltold 9動(dòng)詞原形中的an改為oo，變成過去式。如： standstood，understandunderstood10以ought和aught結(jié)尾，且讀音是 :t的過去式。如： bringbrought，buy bou

24、ght，thinkthought，catchcaught，teachtaughtFriday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式的構(gòu)成 6動(dòng)詞原形中的eep改為ept，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式的構(gòu)成 11以ould結(jié)尾且讀音為ud的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過去式。如： cancould，shallshould，willwould 12把動(dòng)詞原形中的o改為a，變成過去式。如： comecame，becomebecame 13在動(dòng)詞原形后加d或t變成過去式，并且發(fā)生音變。如： hearhi heardh :d， sayseisaidsed，meanmi:nmeantment1

25、4動(dòng)詞的過去式與動(dòng)詞原形一樣。如： letlet，mustmust，putput，readreadred15不符合上述規(guī)律的動(dòng)詞過去式。如： am/iswas，arewere，buildbuilt，dodid，eatate，fallfell，feelfelt，findfound，flyflew，gowent，have/has had，holdheld，leaveleft，makemade, maymight，runran，seesaw，taketook get got buy bought fly-flewFriday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過

26、去式的構(gòu)成 11以ould結(jié)尾且讀音為ud過去式“-ed”的發(fā)音規(guī)則 （1）動(dòng)詞詞尾為“t，d”時(shí)，發(fā)/ id /音， want wanted （要）need needed （需要） （2）動(dòng)詞詞尾為清輔音時(shí)，發(fā)/ t / 音。 help helped （幫助）laugh laughed （笑）look looked （看） kiss kissed （吻）wash washed （洗） watch watched （注視）（3）動(dòng)詞詞尾為t，d以外之濁輔音或元音時(shí)，發(fā)/ d /音。 call called （叫）staystayed （停留）crycried （哭）Friday, Septem

27、ber 9, 2022by Helen Sun過去式“-ed”的發(fā)音規(guī)則 （1）動(dòng)詞詞尾為“t，d”時(shí)，發(fā)元 音12個(gè)單元音長(zhǎng)元音a:i: u:短元音i ue8個(gè)雙元音ai eiii e u auu 輔 音10對(duì)清輔音p tkfsttrts濁輔音b dgvz3d3drdz3個(gè)鼻音mn3個(gè)似拼音hrl2個(gè)半元音wjFriday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun元 音12個(gè)單元音長(zhǎng)元音a:i:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) L4現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或表示動(dòng)作從過去已經(jīng)開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，或表示一種經(jīng)歷。它屬于“現(xiàn)在”的范疇，因此不與表示過去的時(shí)間連用

28、。構(gòu)成：have/has +過去分詞Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) L4現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響up to now, Mr. Scott has sent a great many requests for spare parts and other urgent messages from one garage to the other. (L6)up to now=up till now =up to present 多數(shù)在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)中使用Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sunu

29、p to now, Mr. Scott has sent 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的幾種表達(dá)場(chǎng)合表示一件已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事，這事與現(xiàn)在情況有聯(lián)系，?？珊蚸ust, already, yet, recently, ever ，never這類副詞連用。Ive lost my key.He hasnt come back yet.The rain has already stopped.Have you seen Lucy recently?也可和表示從過去某時(shí)到現(xiàn)在這段時(shí)間的狀語連用,如today, this week, this month, in the past few years, so far, up to

30、 now 。I havent seen him today.Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的幾種表達(dá)場(chǎng)合表示一件已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事，這事與現(xiàn)在情況現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的幾種表達(dá)場(chǎng)合還常和for 及since 引導(dǎo)的狀語或與How long 連用 I havent seen you for months.也常常單獨(dú)使用不需要任何狀語。 She has found a new job.這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)還表示 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。 How long has he been ill?Friday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的幾種表

31、達(dá)場(chǎng)合還常和for 及since 引導(dǎo)的狀現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去分詞構(gòu)成一般的動(dòng)詞直接加ed 如：work -worked末尾以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，加d 如：live lived輔音加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變y為i加ed 如：try tried元音加輔音結(jié)尾，該音節(jié)重讀，則雙寫加ed 如：stop stopped不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞： 如：beatbeaten taketaken havehad begin-begunFriday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去分詞構(gòu)成一般的動(dòng)詞直接加ed 如：wor練習(xí)There _ an eraser under the desk. I

32、s it yours? A. is B. has C. was D. hadKey: AThey _for five hours when they _ in New York.A. flewarrived B. had flownhad arrived C. flewhad arrived D. had flownarrivedKey: DFriday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun練習(xí)There _ an eraser under 練習(xí) John _ there since the year before, so he _ them.A. had worked

33、knew B. had worked.had known C. workedknew D. workedhad knownKey：ALook, they_ a good time, _ they ?A. havedo B. havedont C. are havingare D. are having arentKey：DFriday, September 9, 2022by Helen Sun練習(xí) John _ there since the 練習(xí)He _ angry because he _ for a long time.A. had gothad waited B. gotwaited C. had gotwaited D. gothad waitedKey： DPaper _ first invented in China. A. is B. are C. was D. wereKey：CThe Greens _ China for five years. A. has been in B. have been in C. went to D. has gone to Ke