中考教育祈使句專題

1、定義：用于表達(dá)命令、央求、勸告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表達(dá)命令，因此在學(xué)校文法中也常稱為命令句。祈使句因?qū)ο螅粗髡Z(yǔ)）是第二人稱，因此平時(shí)都省略。祈使句的動(dòng)詞都為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，句末則使用句號(hào)來(lái)表示結(jié)束。祈使句主要有以下幾種：必然結(jié)構(gòu)：Do型（行為動(dòng)詞原形+其他）Standup!Closethedoor,please.祈使句中如有呼語(yǔ)，必然要用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)，放在句首或句尾。Sally,Putiton.=Putiton,Sally.有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下,動(dòng)詞可省略。如:Thisway,please.=Gothisway,please.請(qǐng)這邊走。Be型（Be+形容詞/副詞/名

2、詞+其他）試譯:1)請(qǐng)沉寂!Bequiet,please./Pleasebequiet.對(duì)你的堂弟要友好.Befriendlytoyourcousin.明天上午六點(diǎn)到這兒.Behereatsixtomorrowmorning.要做一個(gè)好孩子.Beagoodboy.3.Let+us(me/him/her/it/them)+動(dòng)詞原形試譯：1)讓我來(lái)幫幫你。Letmehelpyou.讓她馬上就試一試吧。Lethertryitatonce.【注意】有時(shí)，為了加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，可以在動(dòng)詞從前加do或加besureto，可譯作“務(wù)必”，“必然”試譯:1)務(wù)必再來(lái)。Docomeagain.必然要寫信告訴我所有的信息

3、。Besuretowriteandgivemeallthenews.II.否定形式：1.Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加dont構(gòu)成。如:不要忘記我!Dontforgetme!上學(xué)不要遲到!Dontbelateforschool!Let型的否定式有兩種:Let+us(me/him/her/it/them)+not+動(dòng)詞原形Dontlet+us(me/him/her/it/them)+動(dòng)詞原形Letsnotsayanythingaboutit.Dontlethimgoalone.III.其他形式的祈使句：1.用no開(kāi)頭,用來(lái)表示禁止性的祈使句，特別用于通知。1).No+禁止垂釣Nofishin

4、g禁止吸煙Nosmoking2).No+名詞禁止拍照Nophotos以may為句首的表示祝愿的祈使句Mayyou+動(dòng)詞原形祝你成功!Mayyousucceed!祝你一路安全!Mayyouhaveasafejourney!IV.使祈使句語(yǔ)氣更加委宛的方法:請(qǐng)把你的字典借給我.Pleaselendmeyourdictionary.=Lendmeyourdictionary,please.V.把祈使句變成反意疑問(wèn)句.請(qǐng)開(kāi)門吧.Openthedoor,willyou/wontyou不要摸它,行嗎Donttouchit,willyou我們?nèi)ゴ蚧@球,行嗎Letsgoandplaybasketball,sh

5、allwe我們晚飯后去閑步,好嗎Letushaveawalkafterdinner,willyouVI.祈使句有時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句把藥服了,你就會(huì)感覺(jué)好一些。Takethismedicineandyouwillfeelbetter.=Ifyoutakethemedicine,youwillfeelbetter.努力學(xué)習(xí),否則你就會(huì)不及格。Workhard,oryouwillfailintheexam.=Ifyoudontworkhard,youwillfailintheexam.練習(xí)將以下漢語(yǔ)翻譯成英語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)照看好您的包。_.讓我們?nèi)W(xué)校吧!_!親愛(ài)的,快樂(lè)點(diǎn)兒!_!不要把書放這兒。

6、_.不要讓貓進(jìn)來(lái)。_.單項(xiàng)選擇1._standtooclosetoNorthAmericans.Givethemmorepersonalspace.A.ArentB.DidntC.WontD.Dont2.-IsthereaNo.2busstopnearhere-Yes,thereis._atthesecondcrossing,andyouwillfindit.A.TurningleftB.TurnleftC.ToturnleftD.Turnsleft_.Thebabyissleeping.Imsorry.A.NottalkB.NottalkingC.DonttalkD.CanttalkIfth

7、egreenlightisnton,_aminute.A.waitB.waitsC.willwaitD.waiting5._lateforschoolagain,Tim!Sorry,IpromisethatI_.A.Dont;wontB.Dontbe;wontC.Dontbe;dontD.Dont;will6.Dont_shy.Everyonemaymakemistakesatthebeginning.A.amB.isC.beD.are7.Please.Theboyisstudying.A.notnoisyB.dontnoisyC.nottobenoisyD.dontbenoisy8.Imle

8、avingnow._youturnoffthelightsandthecomputer.A.TomakesureB.MakesureC.MadesureD.MakingsureTony,_,oryouwillgetheavier.doesntplaysportsanymoredoesnteatsomuchmeatdontplaysportsanymoredonteatsomuchmeat10.Dont_toomuchTV.Itsbadforyoureyes.A.watchingB.towatchC.watchD.watches11.Wouldyouplease_neartheriverOh,s

9、orry,Iwont.A.notplaytplayC.nottoplay12.Pleasedontmakeanoise._.Illbeasquietasamouse.A.Yes,IdoB.No,IdontC.Yes,IwillD.No,Iwont13._,please.K-E-Y.A.WhatsthisB.SpellitC.CanyouspellitD.Whatisit14._playinthestreet.Itsverydangerous.A.DoB.NotC.DontD.Doesnt15.climbthetree!Itstoosmall.Comedownquickly!A.DontB.Is

10、ntC.ArentD.Do16.Dontforgettoclosethedoorafterschool._.,Iwont,Iwill.,Ido.,Idont.18.-Sorryforbeinglateagain.-_hereontimenexttime,oryoullbepunished.A.BeB.BeingC.TobeD.Been19._drivetoofast.Wehaveenough（足夠的）timetogetthere.A.NotB.DontC.doesnt20.Boysandgirls,_inbed.ItsbadforyoureyesA.notreadB.doesntreadC.noreadD.dontreadKeys1.Pleaselookafteryourbag2.Le