【教學(xué)資料精創(chuàng)】中考英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)冠詞教案

1、 中考英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)冠詞教案課堂導(dǎo)入 冠詞用法分類詳解冠詞用法分類詳解 一、基本概念冠詞是一種虛詞，是最典型的限定詞，本身不能單獨(dú)使用，只能附在一個(gè)名詞上幫助說明名詞的含義。是名詞的一種標(biāo)志。 二、基本分類 三、用法詳解不定冠詞a, an（1）不定冠詞的基本用法 an用于以元音音素開頭的單詞前，而a用于以輔音音素開頭的單詞前。例如：an apple, an orange, a book, a mountain 注意以下幾種情況： u的發(fā)音有兩種。發(fā)/ju:/時(shí), 單詞前用a (useful, university, unit, European) 發(fā) / 時(shí), 單詞前用an (umbrell

2、a, ugly, uncle, unusual) 常見首字母不發(fā)音的有an hour, an honest boy。 單獨(dú)字母前的a和an的選用請記住一句話：Mr. Li has one fox. 字母在這句話里面的用an，不在里面的用a。所以以下12個(gè)字母（A/a, E/e, I/e, O/o, F/f, H/h, L/l, M/m, N/n, S/s, X/x, R/r）前用an來限定。例如：There is an “m”, an “a” and a “c” in the word “mooncake”. 數(shù)字前用a還是an，需要注意該數(shù)字所代表的英文單詞的首個(gè)因素的發(fā)音。例如：an 11

3、-year-old boy, an 18-year-old girl, a one-year-old baby（2）不定冠詞的功能功能例句1. 在敘述時(shí)用于第一次提到的某人或某物之前，表示“一個(gè)”，常修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞Here is a map of the United States.2. 泛指人或事物的某一類別，以區(qū)別于其他種類A plane is a machine that can fly.3. 用在某些物質(zhì)名詞或抽象名詞前，表示“一陣，一份，一類，一場”等There will be a strong wind in South China.4. 用于價(jià)格，數(shù)量，比例等，表示“每一”Th

4、ey cost 50 pence a kilo.5. 用在序數(shù)詞前，表示“又一、再一”I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.6. 用于固定詞組中have a look, a lot of, have a good time, a few,in a hurry, for a while, keep a diary, take a bus, as a result, have a rest, etc. What do you think of Lucy? She is _ honest girl.A. an B. a C. the D. /2

5、. As Tim loves Xiamen a lot, he bought _ one-way ticket to Xiamen and decided to stay there for a year.A. an B. a C. / D. the3. Do you know a spaceship that flies at about nineteen kilometers _ second?A. the B. a C. / D. an4. Look! There is_ bottle on the table. A. aB. anC. theD. /5. Shenzhen is on

6、_coast near Hong Kong. It was_ small village many years ago. A. a; theB. the; aC. 不填； 不填D. the; the定冠詞the用法例句1. 用于談話雙方都清楚的名詞前Tom, come to the blackboard, please.2. 表示特指的或上文已提到過的人或事物There is a book on the desk.3. 和一些名詞連用，表示類別。The light bulb was invented by Edison.4 . 表示世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物The earth moves aroun

7、d the sun.5. 用于形容詞的最高級或序數(shù)詞前，以及對兩個(gè)人或事物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)起特指作用的比較級前Tom is the tallest in our class.Jack is the fatter of the two boys.6. 用于姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)前，表示“一家人”或“夫婦”The Greens are at breakfast table.7. 與某些形容詞連用，表示一類人或事物。The young should help the old.8. 用于江、河、海洋、山脈、群島、沙漠等專有名詞前，或用于由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞之前the Great Wall, the United S

8、tates, the UK9. 用在表示方位、西洋樂器名稱的名詞之前Guangdong is in the south of China.I like playing the piano.10. 用在表示某個(gè)世紀(jì)的某個(gè)年代的時(shí)間名詞前in the 1980s11. 由festival組成的中國特有的節(jié)日前The Mid-Autumn Festival is on Aug. 15th.12. 用在某些固定詞組中in the morning, by the way, in the end,at the age of, all the time, on the rightMom, I like _

9、green T-shirt. Could you buy it for me? Aa Ban Cthe D/8. How is _ film you saw last night? You mean _ one, Lost in Thailand? Thats wonderful! Aa; the Bthe; the Cthe; 不填 D不填; the9. Tom, Ill invite you to have _ lunch after playing _ violin. Thank you.A. a; the Bthe; the C/; / D/; the_Greens are prepa

10、ring for the coming Thanksgiving Day. A. / B. A C. An D. The 零冠詞某些情況下，名詞之前一般不用冠詞。用法列表如下：用法例句1. 在某些專有名詞前不用冠詞，如國名、人名等Paper is made of wood.China has a long history.2. 當(dāng)名詞前有this，that，these，those，every，his，your，some，any等限定詞或名詞所有格修飾時(shí)Go along this road.Every student in our class wants to have a rest.3. 復(fù)數(shù)

11、名詞表示一類人或事物時(shí)My parents are teachers.4. 在星期、日期、月份、季節(jié)、公共假日節(jié)日前Today is Childrens Day.Its hot in summer.5. 在一日三餐、球類運(yùn)動、學(xué)科語言的名詞前He went to school without breakfast.Lets play football after school.Every student likes English in our class.6. 稱呼語或表示頭銜、職務(wù)的名詞前不用冠詞Granny is sleeping now. We call him monitor.7. 與

12、by連用的表示交通工具的名詞前（但take a bus, in a boat, on the bike中需用冠詞）by bus, by train, by plane8. 用在“專有名詞+普通名詞”構(gòu)成的街名、路名、山名等名詞前Nanjing Road, Hainan IslandMount Qomolangma9. 用于習(xí)慣用語中g(shù)o to school, at home, at once, on time, in trouble, watch TV, on foot, by mistake, day and night, at first etc.Li Na started playing

13、 _ tennis at the age of six. She is one of _ best women tennis players in the world.Athe; the Ba; / C/; the Dthe; /12. It is a good habit to go to _ bed early and get up early.Aa Ban Cthe D不填13. Miss Zhang will go to _ America for _ important meeting next month.Aan; an B/; an C/; a Dan; the考點(diǎn)延伸： （1）

14、某些不可數(shù)名詞前有定語修飾時(shí)，可加不定冠詞。例如： What a heavy rain! We had a wonderful lunch.（2）如果季節(jié)、月份或日期名詞被一個(gè)限定詞修飾時(shí)，前面可加定冠詞。例如： He came to Beijing in the winter of 1999.（3）有定冠詞與無定冠詞的區(qū)別go to school上學(xué) (是學(xué)生)go to the school 到學(xué)校去 (不一定是學(xué)生)go to bed 就寢，上床睡覺go to the bed 向床邊走去，走到床前 (不一定是去睡覺)in hospital 因病住院 in the hospital 在醫(yī)院

15、里 (不一定是病人)at table 吃飯 at the table 在桌子旁at school 在上學(xué)at the school 在學(xué)校里in class 在上課in the class 在班級里in future 今后in the future 將來in front of 在(外部的) 前面in the front of 在(內(nèi)部的) 前面next year 明年 the next year 第二年by sea 乘船by the sea 在海邊in bed (睡、病、躺) 在床上in the bed (某物) 在床上on earth 究竟 on the earth 在地球上（4）the n

16、umber of, a number of的區(qū)別 a number of 意為“許多”，當(dāng)其加名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式； the number of 意為“的數(shù)目/數(shù)量”，當(dāng)其加名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 A number of students like playing computer games. The number of the students is about 1, 500 in our school. _ number of the students in our class is 55.A. AB. AnC. TheD. /15. He has _ numbe

17、r of friends. So he doesnt feel lonely.A. aB. anC. theD. /課后作業(yè)1. I like music, but I dont like _ music of this film.A. a B. an C. the D.不填2. What are you going to be when you grow up? teacher like you.A. A B. AnC. The D./3. On March 11, 2011 _ earthquake hit Japan.A. an B. a C. D. the4. Theres _ app

18、le on the table. _ apple is for my little brother. A. a; AnB. an; An C. the; AnD. an; The5. Whats your hobby, Lucy? I like playing _piano best. A. a B. / C. the 6. Our Chinese teacher told usinteresting story andstory was about Thomas Edison.A. an; a B. the; the C. a; the D. an; the 7The evening par

19、ty was really fun. We had _ great time.A. a B. an C. the D不填8. Photography can be _excellent hobby for kids.A. / B. aC. an D. the9. What do you usually have for _ breakfast, Peter?A friend egg, three pieces of bread and a glass of milk.A. a B. an C. the D. /10.There is _report in todays newspaper. I

20、ts about _sports meeting that will be held in Weihai.A. a; the B. an; theC. the; the D. a; a 11. Whos that lovely girl? You mean _ girl with long hair? Thats Kate.A. a B. anC. the D. 不填12. My birthday is coming. Dale will send me_ e - dog as my birthday present.A. a B. an C. the13. Lily is _ active girl and she is fond of playing _ volleyball.A. an; aB. a