譯林牛津版選修七-Unit-2-Fit-for-life-reading課件-(共66張)

1、Unit 2 Fit for lifeReadingUnit 2 Reading譯林牛津版選修七-Unit-2-Fit-for-life-reading課件-(共66張PPT)TU Youyou2015. 10 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine for her discoveries concerning a novel therapy against Malaria(瘧疾)TU Youyou2015. 10 Artemisinin青蒿素Artemisinin, a drug therapy for malaria that has saved mil

2、lions of lives across the globe, especially in the developing world.ArtemisininArtemisinin, a drugWhat are they? aspirin阿司匹林penicillin青霉素What are they? aspirinpenicillAspirinAspirinpenicillinpenicillinWhat illnesses can the two medicines cure?What else do you know about these two medicines?What illn

3、esses can the two medReading strategyUnderstanding medical termsWe can understand medical terms by: identifying a familiar stem (medicine, medical; chemical, chemist) a compound made up of familiar words (life-saving, best-selling, widespread) the singular/plural form of a familiar word (bacteria, b

4、acterium)Reading Understanding medical Skimming for general ideasSkimming Part A on p18team workPart A on p18team workPassage structureTwo life-saving medicinesaspirinpenicillinthe history of aspirinthe functions of aspirinthe history of penicillinthe functions of penicillinPassage structureTwo life

5、-saviScanning for specific informationScanningPENICILINASPIRIN1900192819401944197119772003sold in shops in the form of tabletsdiscovered by Alexander Flemingmade and tested in large quantitiesmass production beganproved to reduce the risk of heart attacksused to prevent strokesused to reduce blood s

6、ugar levelsPENICILINASPIRIN19001928194019Effects of aspirinreducing feverhelping stop painreducing the risk of heart attackspreventing strokesreducing the risk of some cancersincreasing the length of peoples livesreducing blood sugar levels and helps with diabetesEffects of penicillintreating illnes

7、ses caused by bacteriaDiscussEffects of aspirinreducing fevPenicillin (sometimes abbreviated PCN or pen) is a group of antibiotics (抗生素) derived from Penicillium fungi(青霉菌).Antibiotics overuse found to be widespread in China.Shall we learn more about PCN?Penicillin is the most overused. According to

8、 a report from the Health Ministry, the average dose of Penicillin that each Chinese has taken annually is almost three times higher than the international level.Chinese medical experts have warned that antibiotics have been heavily overused at hospitals, which might cause serious side-effects for t

9、he health of an entire generation.Every coin has two sides.Penicillin (sometimes abbrevia This article will _ two drugs that started revolutions in _ aspirin and penicillin. Aspirin was _ in 1897. Within a short time, it became the best-selling medicine in the world for _. Aspirin has proved _ for r

10、educing fever and helping stop pain, reducing the risk of heart attacks, _ strokes, reducing the risk of some cancers, _ the length of peoples lives and reducing blood sugar levels.focus onmedicineinventedpain reliefvitalpreventingincreasingBe a reteller This article will _ Penicillin was _ by Alexa

11、nder Fleming in 1928. In 1940, Howard Florey and Ernst Chain managed to make and test the new drug in large _. Due to the _ use of penicillin, many lives were saved during World War . If penicillin had not been available, many people would have _ sickness or even small wounds. discoveredquantitieswi

12、despreaddied from Penicillin became the greatest drug of the 20th century, saving millions of lives. In 1945, Fleming, Florey and Chain shared the _ in Medicine for their work.Nobel Prize Penicillin was _ bWhat do you think the world would be like if there were no medicines?Do you believe that wonde

13、r drugs will be invented to treat diseases like AIDS in the future?Critical thinkingWhat do you think the world woCareful readingCareful reading1. Nearly 3500 years ago, people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to reduce body pains and fever.V-ing

14、作后置定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)V-ed作后置定語(yǔ)V-ed作后置定語(yǔ)，make 與前面的tea構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。 The experience gained (which has been gained) will be of great value for us.獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)會(huì)對(duì)我們有很大的價(jià)值。 V-ing作后置定語(yǔ)，possess與前面的leaves構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系。Doyouknowtheboysingingintheclassroom? 將近3500年前，人們咀嚼一種含有特殊化學(xué)物質(zhì)的樹(shù)葉或飲用由這種樹(shù)葉制成的茶，以減輕身體疼痛或退燒。Ln 8-101. Nearly 3500 years ago, peop1

15、. 我們碰到了一群從學(xué)?；貋?lái)的孩子。Wemetagroupofpupilsreturningfrom school.2. 今晚有什么活動(dòng)嗎？ Isthereanythingplannedfortonight?3.醫(yī)生徹夜工作以拯救傷者的生命。 Doctorsworkedthroughthenighttosavethelifeoftheinjuredman.1. 我們碰到了一群從學(xué)?；貋?lái)的孩子。2. Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also othe

16、r things that aspirin can help with. that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句阿司匹林不僅被證明對(duì)于退燒、止痛必不可少，而且還有其他用途。Ln 18-192. Not only has aspirin proved1. Not only did he turn up late, he also forgot his books. 他不但遲到，還忘了帶書(shū)。2. Not only do the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.護(hù)士們不僅想漲工資，還想減少工作時(shí)間。3. Not only has

17、she been late three times, but she has also done no work.她不僅僅遲到了 3次,她還沒(méi)干一點(diǎn)活。not only . (but) also/as well：used to emphasize that sth else is also true 不但而且，用于連接兩個(gè)并列成分，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)后者, but also可分開(kāi)使用、或省略或改用as well。Not only . (but) also/as well連接兩個(gè)并列分句時(shí)，第1個(gè)分句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)：1. Not only did he turn up lat1. Not only I but

18、 also Tom and Mary are fond of playing computer games.不僅我,湯姆和瑪麗也喜歡打游戲.2. He not only writes his own plays, he also acts in them. 他不僅是自編劇本, 還飾演其中的角色.3. If this project fails, it will affect not only our department, but also the whole organization.如果這個(gè)項(xiàng)目失敗，不僅會(huì)影響到我們部門(mén)，還會(huì)影響整個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)。4. The world is not only

19、hungry, but it is also thirsty for water.5. I find the story not only interesting but also instructive.6. We students of Senior three goes to school not only on weekdays but on weekends as well. Not only . (but) also除可連接兩個(gè)并列分句外，還可連接其他并列成分1. Not only I but also Tom and1.這個(gè)可憐的人不僅丟了工作，而且還被送進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄。Not onl

20、y did the poor man lose his job, but he was also sent to prison.2.愛(ài)因斯坦的財(cái)產(chǎn)不僅被擄掠一空，而且他的德國(guó)國(guó)籍也被剝奪了。Not only was everything Albert Einstain had taken away but also his citizenship was deprived of.3.他們不但需要衣服，而且還缺水。Not only do they need clothing, but they are also short of water.Translation1.這個(gè)可憐的人不僅丟了工作，而

21、且還被送進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄。Trans3. Lawrence Craven, a doctor from the USA, introduced the idea in 1953 that aspirin had the potential to reduce the risk of heart attacks, because it helped the blood circulate better. 美國(guó)醫(yī)生勞倫斯克雷文在1953年提出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，即阿司匹林可能有助于降低心臟病發(fā)作的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)樗芨纳蒲貉h(huán)。同位語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)從句because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句Ln19-223. Lawrence Crav

22、en, a doctor f1. He grabbed his suitcase and gave the impression(that) he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他突然拿起手提箱，讓人以為他要登上飛往東京的飛機(jī)了。2.Ive come from Mr wang with a message that he wont be able to see you this afternoon 我從王先生那里來(lái)，他讓我告訴你他今天下午不能來(lái)看你了。3.Environmental groups welcomed the news that the area wo

23、uld be protected.4.Do I have your promise that you wont tell anyone about this?5.Is there any possibility (that) you could pick me up from the station? 你有可能去車(chē)站接我嗎？1. He grabbed his suitcase and6.There is no question that (=it is completely certain that) the government knew about the deal.7.They didn

24、t like my suggestion that we should all share the cost.他們不喜歡我所提出的費(fèi)用分?jǐn)偟慕ㄗh。8.The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home.她突然想起可能在她離開(kāi)家時(shí)沒(méi)把門(mén)關(guān)上。9.I have a theory that it only rains when I wash my car.10.Word came that our duties would be changed.6.There is no question

25、that (=as well其義為“也”，相當(dāng)于too，它一般放在句末。 He is a worker，and a poet as well 他是工人，也是詩(shī)人。MrLiu can speak English，and he can speak Cantonese as well 劉先生會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，他也能講廣東話。I am going to London and my sister is going as well.我要到倫敦去，我妹妹也要去。I write my own songs and I play the guitar as well.我唱自己譜曲的歌，也彈吉他。 Ln 22-24as w

26、ell其義為“也”，相當(dāng)于too，它一般放在句末。L1. 專(zhuān)家組所有成員一致認(rèn)為， 新技術(shù)的引進(jìn)可以節(jié)省勞動(dòng)力。 上個(gè)月， 生產(chǎn)部門(mén)的一項(xiàng)分析表明， 新技術(shù)的引進(jìn)還能有助于提高生產(chǎn)效率。2. 上個(gè)星期， 中央電視臺(tái)的一名主持人說(shuō)媒體對(duì)社會(huì)有很大的影響。 本周， 由一位著名的英國(guó)記者發(fā)表的演講也強(qiáng)調(diào)了媒體對(duì)社會(huì)的影響這個(gè)主題。1. 專(zhuān)家組所有成員一致認(rèn)為， 新技術(shù)的引進(jìn)可以節(jié)省勞動(dòng)力。1. 專(zhuān)家組所有成員一致認(rèn)為， 新技術(shù)的引進(jìn)可以節(jié)省勞動(dòng)力。 上個(gè)月， 生產(chǎn)部門(mén)的一項(xiàng)分析表明， 新技術(shù)的引進(jìn)還能有助于提高生產(chǎn)效率。 All members of the expert group agreed

27、that the introduction of the new technology could save labor, and last month, an analysis made by the production department showed that the introduction of the new technology could help improve productivity, as well.1. 專(zhuān)家組所有成員一致認(rèn)為， 新技術(shù)的引進(jìn)可以節(jié)省勞動(dòng)力。2. 上個(gè)星期， 中央電視臺(tái)的一名主持人說(shuō)媒體對(duì)社會(huì)有很大的影響。 本周， 由一位著名的英國(guó)記者發(fā)表的演講也

28、強(qiáng)調(diào)了媒體對(duì)社會(huì)的影響這個(gè)主題。Last week, a host of CCTV said that the media have a great influence on society, and this week, a lecture delivered by a famous British journalist stressed the topic of the media influence on society, as well.2. 上個(gè)星期， 中央電視臺(tái)的一名主持人說(shuō)媒體對(duì)社會(huì)有很大的After readingAfter reading1.Focus on=pay atte

29、ntion toWhen listening to a lecture, you should focus on the speakers main points.聽(tīng)講座的時(shí)候，你應(yīng)該關(guān)注演講者的主要觀點(diǎn)。My parents often tell me to focus my attention on my study.我爸媽常常叫我把注意力放在學(xué)習(xí)上。N.=sb/ sth that attracts the most attention or interestThe superstar soon became the focus of attention as she came into

30、the hall.這位巨星一進(jìn)入大廳，就很快成為眾人的焦點(diǎn)。1.Focus on=pay attention to2.Open up 開(kāi)的門(mén)Three armed men were waiting when he opened up the shop.當(dāng)他開(kāi)門(mén)營(yíng)業(yè)時(shí)，3名持械男子正等著他們。（使）（地方、經(jīng)濟(jì)、興趣領(lǐng)域等）開(kāi)放As the market opens up, I think people are going to be able to spend more money on consumer goods.隨著市場(chǎng)的放開(kāi)，我認(rèn)為人們將能夠增加用于消費(fèi)品的支出。（使）（機(jī)會(huì)、可能性等

31、）出現(xiàn)；（使）產(chǎn)生New opportunities are opening up for investors who want to establish overseas companies. 希望建立海外公司的投資者獲得了新的機(jī)會(huì)。2.Open up 開(kāi)的門(mén)(通常指大幅度地在比賽中)取得(領(lǐng)先地位)The Chinese team had opened up a lead of more than two minutes. 中國(guó)隊(duì)取得了兩分多鐘的領(lǐng)先優(yōu)勢(shì)。暢談；無(wú)拘無(wú)束地談；自由自在地談Lucy found that people were willing to open up to he

32、r. 露西發(fā)現(xiàn)人們?cè)敢鈱?duì)她暢所欲言。(通常指大幅度地在比賽中)取得(領(lǐng)先地位)3.counterN.These tablets are available over the counter. 這些藥片無(wú)需處方可直接購(gòu)買(mǎi). In some areas drugs were once sold under the counter. 在一些地區(qū)，毒品曾一度在暗地里出售.V.Exercise helps counter the effects of stress.鍛煉有助于抵消壓力造成的影響。They countered our proposal with one of their own. 他們針對(duì)

33、我們的建議提出了一項(xiàng)相反的建議.3.counterN.I pointed out the shortcomings of the scheme, but he countered that the plans were not yet finished. 我指出那方案的缺點(diǎn), 但他申辯說(shuō)各項(xiàng)計(jì)劃尚未完成.Ad.Economic trends are running counter to the forecasts. 經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)與預(yù)測(cè)的結(jié)果截然相反.Counter-counter-productive產(chǎn)生相反作用的counter-attack 回?fù)鬒 pointed out the short

34、comings4.chewChew your food well before you swallow it. 食物要先嚼爛再下咽. She chewed on her lip and stared at him.她咬著嘴唇，眼睛盯著他。Chew over a problem=think about sth carefully and slowly 細(xì)想Chewing-gum口香糖Bite off more than one can chew試圖做過(guò)多的事或太費(fèi)周折的事4.chewChew your food well befo5.possessV.=own (不可進(jìn)行時(shí))He decided

35、 to give away everything he possessed and become a monk. 他決定放棄他所有的一切, 出家為僧.Does he possess the necessary patience to do the job well? 他有做好這項(xiàng)工作必備的耐性嗎?Vt.(尤被動(dòng)態(tài))She was possessed by jealousy. 她妒火中燒.He was possessed of a large fortune, but sadly no brains to speak of.他擁有大量財(cái)富，不幸的是并無(wú)智慧可言。5.possessV.=own (

36、不可進(jìn)行時(shí))PossessionHe is said to possess the house.據(jù)說(shuō)他擁有這所房子。=He is said to take possession of the house.=It is said that the house is in his possession.When her father died, she came into possession of a large fortune.父親去世后，她繼承了一大筆財(cái)產(chǎn)。He lost all his possessions in the storm.在那場(chǎng)風(fēng)暴中他失去了所有的財(cái)產(chǎn)。Possession6

37、.potentialN.U應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)所有的孩子發(fā)揮他們的全部潛能。All children should be encouraged to realize/ fulfil their full potential.她有做藝術(shù)家的潛質(zhì). She has artistic potential/the potential to be/ potential as an artist. a country with great potentialities 具有很大潛力的國(guó)家 a potentially rich country潛力大的國(guó)家（有豐富自然資源可開(kāi)發(fā)者）6.potentialN.U7. cir

38、culateBlood circulates through the body. 血液在體內(nèi)循環(huán).open a window to allow the air to circulate 開(kāi)窗使空氣流通.The news of her death circulated (=spread) quickly. 她死去的消息迅速傳開(kāi).The document was previously circulated in our class.這份文件先前在我們班傳閱過(guò)。7. circulateBlood circulates t8. carry out 執(zhí)行，貫徹，落實(shí)，完成We need to carry

39、 out more research.我們需要進(jìn)行更多的研究。 The study will be carried out over a six-month period.調(diào)查將持續(xù)6個(gè)月時(shí)間。 The police carried out a thorough search of the rooms, but failed to find any drugs.警方徹底搜查了那些房屋，并沒(méi)有找到任何毒品。More research on the subject needs to be carried out.在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上需要更多的研究。 8. carry out 執(zhí)行，貫徹，落實(shí)，完成We 9

40、. noteN. C記錄，plural筆記，草稿Dave made a note of her address.戴夫記下了她的地址。She always lets me borrow her Maths notes.她總是允許我借她的數(shù)學(xué)筆記。注釋?zhuān)u(píng)注The notes to the text課文注釋9. noteN. 便條She left me a note to say my supper was in the fridge.她給我留了個(gè)便條，告訴我晚飯?jiān)诒淅铩＜垘牛睋?jù)A five-pound note一張5英鎊的鈔票Compare notes (with sb)與某人交換意見(jiàn)/信息

41、We saw the movie together and compared notes afterwards.我們一起看了那部電影，后來(lái)交換了意見(jiàn)。Next time you chat with him, take note of the topics.下次你和他聊天時(shí)，注意一下話題。便條v.記錄，記下The policeman noted down what I said.警察記下了我的陳述。注意，留意Please note how the computer is operated.請(qǐng)注意計(jì)算機(jī)的操作方法。提及，指出As noted above如上所述v.10. Astonish vt.以

42、前誰(shuí)也沒(méi)想到這一點(diǎn), 使每個(gè)人都感到驚訝. =It astonishes everyone that no one has thought of this before. =It is astonishing that no one has thought of this before.=Astonishingly, no one has thought of this before.=To everyones astonishment, no one has thought of this before.10. Astonish vt.以前誰(shuí)也沒(méi)想到這一點(diǎn), 使11. tryTry ones

43、 best/hardest/utmost盡最大的努力He studied hard to try for a scholarship.他努力學(xué)習(xí)力圖獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。You wont make the team if you dont try out. 不參加選拔就不能加入這個(gè)隊(duì).The drug has not been tried out on humans yet.這種藥尚未經(jīng)過(guò)人體試驗(yàn).11. tryTry ones best/hardest/12. approveI approve of your trying to earn some money, but please dont neg

44、lect your studies. 我同意你去掙一些錢(qián), 可是請(qǐng)不要誤了功課.The bills were approved. 提案已獲得通過(guò). Sam always tried hard to win his fathers approval.薩姆總是努力地想要獲得父親的認(rèn)可。She received many approving glances. 很多贊許的目光向她投來(lái).She smiled at him approvingly.她朝他微笑表示贊許。(antonym) disapprove12. approveI approve of your t13. massThere were m

45、asses of dark clouds in the sky.天上有朵朵烏云. a mass meeting 群眾大會(huì)mass murder 大屠殺Lu Xun urged the masses to rise up. 勞動(dòng)群眾mass communications/ media 大眾傳播工具/媒介T(mén)he garden was a mass of color. 花園里的景色五彩繽紛. 13. massThere were masses of dWords ReviewUnit 1Words ReviewUnit 1Read the explanation and speak out the

46、word it explains.Read the explanation and speaka change in the way a country is governed, usually to a different political system and often using violence or war a piece of furniture or a small part of a room with a door or doors behind which there is space for storing things, usually on shelves hel

47、pful, useful or good to crush food into smaller, softer pieces with the teeth so that it can be swallowed; to bite something with your teeth, usually in order to taste its flavour revolutioncupboardchewn. 巨變，大變革；革命n. 櫥柜，食物柜beneficialv. 咀嚼，咬adj. 有益的，有用的a change in the way a country a long, flat, narr

48、ow surface or table in a shop, bank, restaurant, etc. at which people are servedany of various usually liquid substances that can react with and sometimes dissolve other materialscountern. 柜臺(tái)acidn. 酸，酸性物質(zhì)adj.酸的，酸性的，酸味的，尖酸的a long, flat, narrow surface oto have or own something, or to have a particula

49、r qualitya small solid piece of medicine; a thin, flat, often square piece of hard material such as wood, stone, or metal necessary for the success or continued existence of something; extremely important possesstabletvitalvt. 擁有，具有n. 藥片；丸；牌，匾，碑a(chǎn)dj. 對(duì)極重要的；必不可少的to have or own something, or tto move a

50、round or through something, or to make something move around or through something to surprise someone very much an official request for something, usually in writing; way in which something can be used for a particular purpose; when you spread or rub a substance such as cream or paint on a surface,

51、or a layer of cream or paint circulateastonishapplicationv. 循環(huán)；傳播，散布vt. 使十分驚訝，使吃驚n. 申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用；涂抹to move around or through somepossible when the necessary conditions exist; someones or somethings ability to develop, achieve or succeed different from what is usual or average, especially in a way that is bad to increase the speed; to happen or make something happen sooner or faster potentialabnormalacceleraten. 可能性，潛在性；潛力adj. 不正常的，反常的v. （