主謂一致講解+練習(xí)全

1、主謂一致的用法及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題一、主謂一致三原則主謂一致是指謂語動詞與主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，主謂一致必須遵循三原則：語法一致原則，意義一致原則，就近一致原則。1、語法一致原則：指主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Tom is a good student.湯姆是個好學(xué)生。They often play football on the playground.他們經(jīng)常在操場上踢足球。2、意義一致：指主語形式上為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)，因此謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；或主語形式上為復(fù)數(shù) ,但表示單數(shù)意義，這是謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。My family are having lun

2、ch now.我們一家人現(xiàn)在正吃午飯。Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book.這本書 20 美元太貴了。3、就近一致：指謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復(fù)數(shù)形式，取決于最靠近他的主語。例如：Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不僅老師喜歡踢足球，而且他的學(xué)生也喜歡踢足球。There is a pen and some books on the desk.課桌上有一支鋼筆和一些書。二、主謂一致?？碱}型1、單數(shù)名詞 (代詞 )/不可數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)形式；

3、復(fù)數(shù)名詞 (代詞 )作主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。The desk is Tom s.這張桌子是湯姆的。Some water is in the bottle.一些水在瓶子里。The students are playing football on the playground.這些學(xué)生正在操場上踢足球。2、“ a great/ good many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。但“many a+名詞”作主語，意義雖為 “許多 ”，但謂語要用單數(shù)形式。Many a student has been to Shanghai.許多學(xué)生到過上海。A great many students in ou

4、r school go to college in their teens.3、 more than one+ 單數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。More than one student has ever been to Beijing.不止一個學(xué)生曾經(jīng)去過北京。4、表示時間、距離、金額、重量、面積、體積、容積、價格，數(shù)目，長度，數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算等的詞或短語作主語時，這些通常作一個整體概念，謂語用單數(shù)形式。例如：Two months is a long holiday.兩個月是一個長假。Twenty pounds isn t so heavy.2 0 英鎊并不太重。Ten miles isn t a lo

5、ng distance. 1 0 英里并不是一段很長的距離。Five minus four is one. 5 減 4 等于 Five minutes is enough.1。Four hundred francs is a lot of money.5、 each and each ，every and every ;noand no ;many a and many a 等結(jié)構(gòu)由于強(qiáng)調(diào)個體行為，因此謂語動詞使用單數(shù)。但是each放在并列主語之后作同位語時，謂語動詞不受影響。Each boy and each girl has got a new English-Chinese dictio

6、nary.No sound and no voice is heard for a long time .Every man and every woman is at work.每個男人和女人都在工作。We each have our own office. (作 We 的同位語 )我們各有各的辦公室。6、 one and a half+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。One and a half hours is enough.一個半小時足夠了。7、從句、不定式、動名詞或短語作主語時謂語動詞使用單數(shù)形式。To see is to believe眼見為實(shí)。Doing eye exerc

7、ises is good for your eyes.做眼睛保健操對你的眼睛十分有益。To say something is one thing , to do it is another .（to say something , to do是不定式）“ How do you do? ” is not a question but a greeting（.How do you do ? 是句子，作主語）(注意： what 引導(dǎo)主語從句時應(yīng)注意其所指的具體內(nèi)容來確定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)。) What we need is more time ,while what they need are more

8、doctors andmedicines .8、 what 從句作主語一般來說，按照語法一致的原則，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式；what 從句中動詞是并列謂語，表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，主句中的謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；What he said and what he did are not same.what 從句作主語，有時候主句的謂語動詞與主句的表語一致。如果主句的表語是復(fù)數(shù)，主句謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，否則用單數(shù)。What we lack today is steel and concrete.What they have done is considered useful to the people.What the

9、man said under the oath was disputed by several other witnesses. What I am in need of is money.What he wants to get are some books. 9、定語從句中的主謂一致一般情況下，關(guān)系代詞作從句主語時，從句謂語動詞應(yīng)和先行詞在數(shù)上保持一致；集體名詞作先行詞，被視作一個整體時，關(guān)系代詞用 which ，從句謂語動詞用單數(shù)；被視作若干個體的組合時，用 who 作關(guān)系代詞，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；常見的集體名詞有： family, audience, class, club,governm

10、ent, union, staff, team, couple, committee, crow, firm, public, orchestra,company等。3) 先行詞是“ one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”時，從句謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如果先行詞是“ the right/ just the/ the only/ the very/ exactly the+ one of+詞”時，謂語動詞復(fù)數(shù)名用單數(shù)。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，形式主語 it 后總是接單數(shù) is/ was ；強(qiáng)調(diào)主語時，從句謂語動詞與被強(qiáng)調(diào)主語部分的數(shù)保持一致。She is the only one of the students who w

11、as praised.It is not I but Mr. Green who is in charge of this company.I, who am your sincere friend, have never doubted the reason why you were late for my party.Each one of us who is now living in this city is destined to witness the remarkable Olympic Games.10、當(dāng)主語由“ all/ some/ any/ enough/ most/ p

12、ercent/ half+ of+ 名詞”構(gòu)成時，謂語動詞的數(shù)與名詞的數(shù)保持一致。當(dāng) all/ some/ any/ enough/ most/ percent/ half 單獨(dú)作為主語時，根據(jù)意義一致的原則決定謂語動詞的數(shù)。“All are present and all is going on well.”our teacher said.One fouth of the books have been sold out.Three fourths of the apple has gone bad.Three foutths of the surface of the earth is

13、covered with the sea.Those are mine, the rest are yours.All but one were here just now. All that I want to say is this.11、a/an+ 單數(shù)名詞 +or two 作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。A student or two has failed the exam.一兩個學(xué)生考試不及格。12、當(dāng)主語部分含有with ，together with ，along with ，as well as ， besides ，except ， but， like 等介“名詞 +as well

14、as+ 名詞 ”時，謂語動詞詞或介詞短語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；但一般應(yīng)與第一個名詞一致。Mike with his father has been to England.邁克同他的父親去過英格蘭。Mike,like his brother,enjoys playing football邁克像他的哥哥一樣喜歡踢足球。The students as well as the teacher were present at the meeting.13、由 and 連接的兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語時，一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但and 所連接的并列主語是同一個人，事物，或概念時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。這兩種情況區(qū)分如下：a

15、/the+ 單數(shù)名詞+and+ 單數(shù)名詞，指的是同一個人或物； a/the+ 單數(shù)名詞 +and+a/the+ 單數(shù)名詞，指兩個人或物。The writer and teacher is coming.那位作家兼教師來了。(作家和教師指同一個人)The writer and the teacher are coming.作家和老師來了。(作家和老師是兩個人)The headmaster and Party secretary is going abroad next month .Bread and butter is my usual breakfast .14、people,police

16、等集體名詞作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式， family,class,group,team 等集體名詞作主語，若指一個整體時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，若指一個具體成員時，謂語動詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。People here are very friendly.這兒的人很友好。His family isn t large. 他家的人不多。My family all like watching TV.我們一家人都喜歡看電視。15、either , neither , each , one , the other , another , anybody , anyone , anything , somebody ,s

17、omeone , something , everything ,everybody , everyone ,no one , nothing ,nobody 做主語時，謂語一般用單數(shù)。Neither of the two sentences is correct .Everything around us is matter .Is everyone here today.今天大家到齊了嗎？Something is wrong with him.他有毛病。Nobody was in. 沒有人在家。(注意： none , neither, all ,any作主語時，謂語可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)，具

18、體取決于說話人的意思。 )None of them owns/own a car .Neither of the boys are / is interested in geography.All are here. And all that can be done has been done.Neither answer is correct.兩個答案都不正確。16、news, music, equipment, luggage, information, furniture, advice, progress等不可數(shù)名詞做主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。The news is disappoint

19、ing that a chemical works is to be built in the west of thecity .17、以 -s 結(jié)尾的名詞本身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語通常用單數(shù)形式，如 news, maths, physics 等，No news is good news.沒有消息就是好消息。Maths is very popular in our class在我們班數(shù)學(xué)很受歡迎。18、由 both and連接兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；由 or, either or ，neither nor , not only but also not, but ,連接兩個名詞

20、或代詞作主語時，根據(jù)就近原則決定謂語動詞形式。Either my wife or I am going.要么我去，要么我妻子去。Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else knows the answer.要么你 ,要么我 ,要么其他任何人知道答案。Not only you but also he is ready to leave.不僅你，而且他也準(zhǔn)備離去。如果 either, each, neither作主語，則動詞為單數(shù)形式。Each of us has his likes and dislikes.Neither of the books is very i

21、nteresting.19、如果主語是由 “kind/ series/ sort/ type/ pile of + 名詞 ”構(gòu)成時，謂語動詞的數(shù)與修飾名詞的 kind,series, sort, type, pile等的數(shù)保持一致。因此，a series of, a kind of, a portion of+等+名詞 ”構(gòu)成時，動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。但是，當(dāng)主語由“名詞 +of this kind (sort, type 等)構(gòu)成時，謂語動詞的數(shù)與名詞的數(shù)保持一致。A series of pre-recorded taps has been prepared for language labo

22、ratory use.20、a variety of, a number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)，動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式; .而 the number of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。On exhibition there are a great variety of consumer goods.The number of the students is over eight houndred21、以 here ，there 開關(guān)的句子，若主語在兩個或兩個以上，謂語動詞通常與臨近的主語一致There is a book and three pens on the desk.Here are

23、some books and paper for you.22、“ majority/ portion/ part/ percentage/ the rest/分?jǐn)?shù) /百分?jǐn)?shù) +of + 名詞”做主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)與 of 后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致。如果中心詞是 one ，后跟由 in, out of, of 引導(dǎo)的介詞短語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。The rest of the magazines were sold out within half an hour.Only 10 percent of the students in the class are League members.Abou

24、t 40% of Jim sincome goes to the rent.23、the+ 形容詞表示一類人時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示抽象概念時，用單數(shù)形式.The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad.The beautiful lives forever.美是永存的。24、表示前后照應(yīng)關(guān)系的詞組，如 the above, the below, the former, the latter, the following, the rest等，應(yīng)根據(jù)其所指對象來決定謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。The following are some newly-pu

25、blished popular magazines.25、“ a great deal of/ a lot of/ lots of/ plenty of/ a little of/ a large amount of/ a large quantity of 等+不可數(shù)名詞”做主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。但是，“ quantities of/ amounts of+名詞”做主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Large quantities of water have been polluted.A great deal of time is spent trying to match young people

26、 to a suitable fostercarer.但是“ Lots of +不可數(shù)名詞”做主語，謂語動詞根據(jù)water來定，因?yàn)閘ots不是名詞。Lots of water has been polluted.26、both, few, a few, several, many, others等做主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。She has two sons, both are clever.Some are sleeping, some are playing, others are studying.27、one, another, little, a little, either, much

27、等作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。I have two pens, one is black, the other is blue.Little is done to finish the work.28、such 作主語，謂語動詞根據(jù)意義一致的原則決定謂語動詞的數(shù)。Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements. Such were hiswords.29、savings, belongings, taxes, earnings, leavings, wages等作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。His wages have gone

28、 up. 他漲工資了。Are these your belongings? 這些是你的東西嗎？More taxes are to be paid from next month.下個月就要多繳納稅款了。Those taxes are paid the day before the transfer of ownership.30、表示加減乘除的句式，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。What is 12 minus 10?What is one plus four? It s five.31、不可數(shù)名詞前如果有表示數(shù)量的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作定語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：“millions of tons of/hundred

29、s of boxes of+ 不可數(shù)名詞”。32、由 and 連接兩個或兩個以上的不定式或動名詞短語作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；諺說是一回事，做又是一回事。和平實(shí)現(xiàn)與和平鞏固是兩件事。33、表示抽象意義的動詞不定式、分詞、名詞從句作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Writing the stories and poems is what I enjoy most.Getting to other planets or to the moon involves many problems.34、population 作主語，謂語動詞的數(shù)根據(jù)意義而定。The population of the earth

30、is increasing fast. One third of the population her are workers.35、由疑問副詞并列構(gòu)成的主語從句，不管疑問詞有多少，謂語動詞一律用單數(shù)。When and where to build the new factory has not been decided yet.36、在主謂倒裝句子中，有兩個或兩個以上的主語并列存在時，謂語動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其最靠近的主語保持一致。There are three books, a pen on the desk.三、肯定與否定一致： 下列形容詞、副詞、代詞從肯定句變成否定句時須作相應(yīng)的變化。Weve

31、 had some(money). We havent had any(money).I was talking to someone. I wasnt talking to anyone.They sometimes visit us. They rarely (never, seldom)visit us.He has arrived already. He hasnt arrived yet.Li is coming too. Li isnt coming either.Both of us are going. Neither of us are going.He likes both

32、 of them. He doesnt like either of them.注意： so/neither+ 助動詞 +名詞 /代詞結(jié)構(gòu)中須用倒裝語序。My wife like classic music very much and so do I.She doesnt like jazz and neither do I.主謂一致專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題一1.Either Jane or Steven _ watching TV now.A. wereB. isC. wasD. are2.Two days _enough for me to finish the work, I need a third

33、 day.A. isn tB. isC. are t?D. areHow many lessons do you usually haver a day?Six lessons a day. And each of then _45 minutes.A. lastB. lastsC. haveD. are4.Neither Liping nor I _a basketball player.A. amB. isC. beD. are5.There _ many new words in lesson one,It is very easy.A. isB. aren tC. isn tD. ar

34、e6.The number of the students in our school _1200.A. isB. areC. hasD. have7.Maths _ my favourite subject.A. beB. isC. amD. are8.The boy with the two dogs _ when the earthquake rocked the city.A. were sleepingB. is sleepingC. was sleepingD. are sleeping9.Every one except Tom and John _there when the

35、meeting began.A. areB. isC. wereD. was10. That place is not interesting at all, _of us wants to go there.A. NeitherB. BothC. AllD. Some11. Nobody but Jane _ the secret.A. knowB. knowsC. have knowD. is12. What s on the plate? some eggs an d cakes on it? There _some eggs and cakes on it.A. isB. areC.

36、wasD. were13.This pair of glasses _mine.A. areB. beC. isD. will be14.Both Lily and Lucy _ to the party yesterday.A. invitedB. was invitedC. had invitedD. were invirted15.Two months _quite a long time. Yes, I m afraid that hewill miss lots of his lessons.A. isB. areC. wasD. were16.In the city the old

37、 _.A. take good care ofB. are taken good care ofC. is taken good care ofD. are been taken good care of17.His family _all very kind and friendly, His family _a happy one.A. are,isB. is,isC. are,areD. is,are18.The singer and the dancer _come to Beijing.A. hasB. haveC. areD. is19.The children in this c

38、lass each _new school bag.A. haveB. hasC. has gotD. are having20.All but one _ here just now.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. were21.If Bobs wife wont agree to go on holiday in winter, _ .he willB. neither wont heC. neither will heD. he wont neither22.I havent finished my homeworked yet, _.A. so has heB. Ne

39、ither he hasC. He has tooD. He hasnt either23.“ Im going to visit the Lu Gou Bridge tomorrow._”. ”“A. I am soB. So am IC. So go ID. So I go24.You as well as heto blame( 責(zé)備 ) for the accident ( 交通事故 ).A. areB. isC. haveD. has25.Neither my wife nor I myselfable to teach my daughter to sing Englishsong

40、s.A. has beenB. isC. areD. am主謂一致練習(xí)題參考答案(1).B (2). A(3). B (4). A (5).B(6).A(7).B(8). C(9). D(10). A(11).B(12).B (13).C(14).D (15).A(16).B (17).A (18).B(19).A (20) D(21).C(22). D(23). B(24). A (25). D主謂一致練習(xí)題二1.The old _well looked after by the government in China.A. isB. areC. has beenD. was2.The se

41、cretary and manager _very busy now.A. isB. areC. wasD. were3.Both the secretary and the manager _agreed to attend the meeting.A. hasB. haveC. areD. was4.Tom as well as two of his classmates _invited to the party.A. wasB. wereC. have beenD. had been5.Either you or I _going to the teachers office afte

42、r class.A. amB. isC. areD. will6.Most of his spare time _spent in reading.A. areB. wereC. wasD. have been7.This is one of the best novels that _appeared this year.beenB. hasC. had beenD. have8.Ten thousand dollars _quite a large sum.B. isC. wereD. have9.About 20 percent of the work _done yesterday.A

43、. areB. isC. wereD. was10.Mr Smith ， together with his children， _arrived.B. hasC. isD. have11.It _I who _leaving for London. isB. am isC. is amD. am am12.Not only Tom but also his wife _fond of watching television.A. areB. wereC. beD. is13.When and where to build the new factory _yet.A. is not deci

44、dedB. are not decidedC. has not decideddecided14.Although the first part of the book is easy， the rest _.A. are difficultB. has proved difficultC. is supposed difficultfound difficult15.That they were wrong in these matters _ now clear to us all.A. isB. wasC. areD. were16.Half of his goods _ stolen

45、the other day.A. areB. wereC. isD. was17.Mathematics _the language of science.A. areB. are going to beC. isD. is to be18.Each of the students _ a Chinese-English dictionary.A. haveB. hasC. there isD. there are19.They each _ a beautiful handkerchief.A. haveB. hasC. there isD. there are20.Between the

46、two rows of trees _the teaching building.A. standB. standsC. standingD. are21.This pair of shoes _made in Nanjing.B. areC. have beenD. had been22.No one except my parents _anything about it.A. knowB. knowsC. is knowingD. have known23.A number of students _from the south.A. areB. isC. haveD. has24.Th

47、e number of students from the north _small.B. isC. haveD. has25.Writing stories and articles _what I enjoy most，B. areC. wasD. were26.His “ Selected Poems ” _first published in 1965.B. wasC. has beenD. are27.Miss Smith is a friend of _.A. Mary s motherBs. Mary s motherC. Mother sof Marymother s28.A

48、good deal of money _spent on books.A. haveB. hasC. have beenD. has been29.On the wall _ two large portraits.A. hangsB. hangC. hangedD. hanging30._turn green in spring.A. LeafB. LeafsC. LeaveD. Leaves31.Father went to his doctor for _about his heart trouble.A. an adviceB. adviceC. advicesD. the advic

49、es32.All but one _here just now.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. wereD. have notD. have beenD. Marynumber of people invited _fifty，but a number of them _absent for differentreasons.A. were ；wasB. was ； wasC. was ； wereD. were ； were34.The air in big cities _very dirty by factories.A. are often madeB. is oft

50、en madeC. have often madeD. has oftenmade35.Nobody _to smoke in the cinema.A. allowsB. allowC. is allowedD. are allowed36.The Chinese people _hard-working and brave.A. areB. isC. has beenD. are being37._can be done _been done.A. All ； haveB. All that ； haveC. All ； hasD. All that ； has38.John has tw

51、o brothers， but either _out of work now.A. areB. isC. hasD. haveThe police _the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.A. is searching forB. were searching forC. are searching forD. weresearching40.Apples of this kind _.A. tastes good B. tastes wellC. taste goodD. taste well41.Yo

52、ur trousers _dirty ， you must have _washed.A. is ； itB. are ； itC. are ； themD. is ； them42.Where _rubbish， there are flies.A. there areB. there isC. isD. there has43.The Olympic Games _held every _years.； fourB. are ； fourC. is ； fiveD. are ； five44.Many a man _ come to help us.A. haveB. hasC. isD.

53、 are45.He is the only one of the students who _elected.A. areB. haveC. hasD. is46.Three-fourths of the homework _today.A. has finishedB. has been finishedC. have finishedD. have beenfinished47.Those who _ in _compositions， please hand them in this afternoon.A. hasn t handed； hisB. haven t handed； th

54、eirC. has handed ； theirD. have handed ； his48.Jane is one of the best students in her class who _by their teacher.A. are praisedB. is praisedC. praisedD. praising49.The whole class _the teacher attentively.A. are listening toB. is listening toC. are listeningD. is listeningThe United States of Amer

55、ica _one of the most developed countries in the world.A. isB. areC. wasD. wereKEY ： 1-5 BABAA6-10 CDBDB11-15 CDABA16-20 BCBAB21-25 ABABA26-30 BADBD31-35 BDCBC36-40 ADBBC41-45 CBBBD46-50 BBAAA主謂一致練習(xí)題三一 單項(xiàng)選擇：1.Eating vegetables_ good for our health.A. isB. areC. wereD. was2.More than one person _ made

56、 the suggestion.A. wasB. hasC. wereD. haveI think _ of the materials I listened to at the beginning of the exam _easy.A. two thirds; isB. second three; areC. two thirds; areD. twothird; are4. Neither you nor Lin Hua _ to the Great Wall before.A. had beenB. has goneC. has beenD. have been5. The write

57、r and teacher _ coming now.A. isB. areC. hasD. have6. Something _ gone wrong with my TV set.A. hasB. haveC. isD. are7. Nothing but grass and trees _ the hill.A. coversB. coverC. coveringD. are covering8. Physics _ more interesting than Maths, I think.A. areB. isC. wasD. were9. Each student and each

58、teacher _ to see the film.A. goB. wishC. areD. wants10.Either Tom or I _ to blame.A. to beB. amC. areD. is11.There _ a desk, two beds and four chairs in the room.A. isB. areC. hasD. have12.Lucy, together with her two brothers, often _ to the park on Sundays.A. goB. goesC. are goingD. is going13.Ther

59、e _ a pair of shoes on the floor. The shoes_ mine.A. are; isB. is; isC. is; areD. are; are14.None of that money on the table _ mine.A. isB. areC. beenD. have15. Could you get me a piano, Mum? There _ enough room for one inour home.A. isB. areC. isn tD. arent16.The family I am staying with _ very fri

60、endly.A. isB. areC. wasD. were17.Our team _ the World Cup!A. has wonB. have wonC. are wonD. is won18.Our country _ great changes in the last 30 years.A. experienceB. experiencesC. has experiencedD.experiencing19.The police _ having a meeting in their office at ten yesterday.A. isB. areC. wasD. wereT