高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)語法課件：名詞性從句

1、二輪復(fù)習(xí)名詞性從句二輪復(fù)習(xí)名詞性從句在英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果本該由名詞充當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z、賓語、表語和同位語，由一個句子來充當(dāng)，那么這個句子就叫_。主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句名詞性從句名詞性從句在英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果本該由名詞充當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z、賓語、表語和同引導(dǎo)詞連接詞: that, whether, if, because, as if, as though連接代詞: who, whom, what, which, whose, whatever 連接副詞: when, where, why, how, however, wherever名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞連接詞: that, whethe

2、r, if, becWhat I want to do is to go shopping.2. She had a feeling that she was being watched.3. I dont think that he is an honest boy.4. Who will go with you is decided by yourself.(主語從句)(同位語從句)(賓語從句)(主語從句)判斷從句的方法：一 找謂語動詞二 找引導(dǎo)詞劃從句三 看從句在主句的位置請判斷出下列的句子屬于哪種從句：What I want to do is to go sho在名詞性從句中一律用陳述

3、句的語序，即使從句表達(dá)的是疑問含義。 The problem is what he has done to the little boy. 問題是他對那個小男孩做了些什么。 在名詞性從句中一律用陳述句的語序，即使從句表達(dá)的是疑問含義。1. 主語從句主語從句通常由從屬連詞that，whether 和連接代詞what, who, which, whatever, whoever以及連接副詞how, when, where, why等詞引導(dǎo)。that在從句中無詞義，只起連接作用；連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當(dāng)成分。 1. 主語從句主語從句通常由從屬連詞tha

4、t，whetherWho will win the match is still unknown. Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. That he stole a bike was true. What he wants to tell us is not clear. Who will win the match is stil單個的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如果是兩個或兩個以上的主語從句作主語，謂語動詞則用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 Where and when he was born has

5、 not been found. When the person was murdered and why he was murdered are still unknown. 單個的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如果是兩個或兩個有時為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用it 代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，而把主語從句置于句末。主句的謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。常用句型如下：1）It + be + 名詞 + that從句2）It + be + 形容詞 + that從句3）It + be + 動詞的過去分詞 + that從句4）It + 不及物動詞 + that 從句It is known to us

6、how he became a writer. 有時為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用it 代替主語從句作形式主語放于注意:在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語氣時，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣 “(should) +do”，常用的句型有：It is necessary /important/natural/strange, etc.) that 注意:在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語氣2. 賓語從句名詞句用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。 引導(dǎo)賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，在句中可以作及物動詞或介詞及某些形容詞的賓語。2. 賓語從句名詞句用作賓語的從句叫賓

7、語從句。 引導(dǎo)賓語從句連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去。但下面情況中不能省略。（1）that一般不能充當(dāng)介詞賓語,但except,in的賓語。如:He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless.他是個好學(xué)生,就是有點(diǎn)粗心。其他介詞后面需要用that從句作賓語時,必須用it作形式賓語。如:You may depend on it that I shall always help you.你要相信我會一直幫助你的。1.由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，

8、句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語或非高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)語法課件：名詞性從句(4)it作形式賓語的賓語從句。一些動詞后的賓語從句有賓語補(bǔ)足語時，則需要用it作形式賓語，而將that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句后置。常見的這類動詞有find, think, consider, believe, guess, suppose, make等。He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.他清楚地表明會議不會被推遲。hate, like, dislike, appreciate, enjoy等表示“喜歡”、“厭惡”的動詞以及一些動詞短語see to

9、, depend on, rely on等常用it作形式賓語，而將賓語從句后置。I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.你不在的時候，我負(fù)責(zé)把他照顧好。(4)it作形式賓語的賓語從句。注意:在demand, order, suggest, advise, decide, insist, desire, request, command等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動詞后，賓語從句常用 “should+ 動詞原形”。 should可省略I insist that she (should) do

10、her work alone. The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 但是, 如果suggest作“表明、暗示”講, insist作“堅(jiān)持說、堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”講，則其后的賓語從句中應(yīng)該用陳述語氣。 The smile on his face suggested that he had passed the examination. 注意:在demand, order, suggest, ad連接詞 whether 和if表“是否”,引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時在從句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)句子成分,但有自己的意義。在下列情況下只能用whether

11、而不用if:(1)在主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中;(2)在介詞后的賓語從句中;(3)與or not連在一起使用時。(4)discuss后必須用whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句。(5)跟不定式連在一起使用時It remains to be seenthe newly formed committees policy can be put into practice.答案:whether2.whether/if的用法連接詞 whether 和if表“是否”,引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時在4)賓語從句中的時態(tài)呼應(yīng) 賓語從句的謂語動詞時態(tài)受主句謂語動詞的影響，如果主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時從句中的謂語動詞可以用各種

12、時態(tài)； I know that he studies English every day. I know (that) he will study English next year. We all know that he has studied English since 1998. I know that he studied English last term. The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America 4)賓語從句中的時態(tài)呼應(yīng) 賓語從句的謂語動詞時態(tài)受主句謂語動如果主句中的謂語動詞用了一般過去時，則從句中的語動只能用過去

13、時的某種形式，如一般過去時，過去進(jìn)行時，過去將來時等； We believed that he had earned enough money to build a house. The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America 當(dāng)從句表示的是客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，則從句仍用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。 The teacher told us that the sun rises in the east.課件PPT部編版課件統(tǒng)編版部編版2020屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)語法課件：名詞性從句課件優(yōu)質(zhì)課課件免費(fèi)課件PPT課件PPT部編版課件統(tǒng)編版部編版20

14、20屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)語法課件：名詞性從句課件優(yōu)質(zhì)課課件免費(fèi)課件PPT如果主句中的謂語動詞用了一般過去時，則從句中的語動只能用過去5)當(dāng)主句是I/ We think (suppose, expect, believe, guess, imagine) 時，其后的賓語從句如果是否定形式，常把否定詞not從從句中轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中成為否定的轉(zhuǎn)移。 We dont believe that he will win the game. I dont think he will do so. 課件PPT部編版課件統(tǒng)編版部編版2020屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)語法課件：名詞性從句課件優(yōu)質(zhì)課課件免費(fèi)課件PPT課件

15、PPT部編版課件統(tǒng)編版部編版2020屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)語法課件：名詞性從句課件優(yōu)質(zhì)課課件免費(fèi)課件PPT5)當(dāng)主句是I/ We think (suppose, exdoubt用于肯定結(jié)構(gòu)時，后面用whether/ if 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句；用于否定結(jié)構(gòu)或疑問結(jié)構(gòu)時，后面用 that 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。be sure 用于肯定句或疑問句時，后接 that 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句；用于否定句時，后接whether/if 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。 連接代詞whoever，whatever，whichever可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，相當(dāng)于anyone who, anything that等。它們也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，相當(dāng)

16、于 no matter who/ what/ which。 Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 課件PPT部編版課件統(tǒng)編版部編版2020屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)語法課件：名詞性從句課件優(yōu)質(zhì)課課件免費(fèi)課件PPT課件PPT部編版課件統(tǒng)編版部編版2020屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)語法課件：名詞性從句課件優(yōu)質(zhì)課課件免費(fèi)課件PPTdoubt用于肯定結(jié)構(gòu)時，后面用whether/ if 引導(dǎo)3. 表語從句在句中作表語的句子叫表語從句。 引導(dǎo)表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，表語從句位于連系動詞后，有時用as if, because 引導(dǎo)。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)

17、為： 主語 + 系動詞 + that從句 The fact is that we have lost the game. Thats just what I want. This is where our problem lies. That is why he didnt come to the meeting. It looks as if it is going to rain. This is because he missed the train by one minute.課件PPT部編版課件統(tǒng)編版部編版2020屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)語法課件：名詞性從句課件優(yōu)質(zhì)課課件免費(fèi)課件PPT

18、課件PPT部編版課件統(tǒng)編版部編版2020屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)語法課件：名詞性從句課件優(yōu)質(zhì)課課件免費(fèi)課件PPT3. 表語從句在句中作表語的句子叫表語從句。 引導(dǎo)表語從句的2其他連接詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句(1)as if/though引導(dǎo)的表語從句，有時可用虛擬語氣。The thick smog covered the whole city. It was as if/ though a great black blanket had been thrown over it.厚重的煙霧覆蓋著整座城市，好像一個厚厚的黑色毯子扔到它的上面。(2)because, why引導(dǎo)的表語從句。He failed.

19、 That is because he didnt work hard.他失敗了。那是因?yàn)樗麤]有努力工作。課件PPT部編版課件統(tǒng)編版部編版2020屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)語法課件：名詞性從句課件優(yōu)質(zhì)課課件免費(fèi)課件PPT課件PPT部編版課件統(tǒng)編版部編版2020屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)語法課件：名詞性從句課件優(yōu)質(zhì)課課件免費(fèi)課件PPT2其他連接詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句課件PPT部編版課件統(tǒng)編版部編版在句中用作同位語的從句叫做同位語從句。同位語從句一般放在如idea, news, fact, promise, suggestion, belief, truth等含有豐富內(nèi)涵的抽象名詞后面，用來說明前面那個詞的具體

20、內(nèi)容。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連接詞通常有that, whether和連接副詞when, where, why, how；連接代詞who，what，whose，which通常不引導(dǎo)同位語從句。 1. He gave her a promise that he would come back after two months.2. She had a feeling that she was being watched.3. The news that he couldnt come makes us upset.4. Whatever gave you the idea that I can sing?5.I have no idea whether /when/how he will come.4. 同位語從句