會展運營管理高級版

1、2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events2學(xué)習(xí)目標:At the conclusion of this learning module you should be able to:學(xué)習(xí)目標: Explain the differences between the four management functions of planning, organizing, directing and controlling. 說明四大管理功能之間的區(qū)別：計劃、組織、管理和控制。Compile an Event Specificati

2、on Guide for an upcoming event 編輯展覽指導(dǎo)手冊(針對展覽組織單位和協(xié)辦單位的)Develop a checklist of items to be placed on the agenda for a pre-con with each official contractor 針對與各個正式承包商的展前協(xié)調(diào)會議，制作一份細目確認表。Identify the elements of an Exhibitor Manual 確定展商服務(wù)手冊(針對參展商的)Develop a plan for a daily routine during show days. 展覽工

3、作日志(針對個人每日工作的)Identify the security requirements needed during move-out. 撤館的安全須知Explain the value of conducting a post-event evaluation 展后評論總結(jié) 2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events3本課關(guān)鍵詞(Key Words)計劃-組織-指導(dǎo)-控制核心管理小組(Core team，Event team)展覽會手冊(Event Book, Program resume, Event Speci

4、fication Guide, Staging Guide ,“Spec” Book） 展前現(xiàn)場協(xié)調(diào)會議(Pre-con meeting )展商指定承包商(EAC)服務(wù)總承包商(GSC)消防局 (Fire marshall )公用設(shè)備(Utilities)展蟲 (Suitcasing)調(diào)度區(qū)(Marshaling area)設(shè)備通行證（Equipment pass)2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events4Making things DONE through others.努力通過他人完成工作。2010 Internati

5、onal Association of Exhibitions and Events5前提：你的過去的經(jīng)驗證明你已經(jīng)成功，現(xiàn)在是希望梳理你的經(jīng)驗使其系統(tǒng)化，使你更加成功。設(shè)想的前景：公司任命你為現(xiàn)場運作總監(jiān)，負責指揮幾個月后A展現(xiàn)場的所有活動。信任、機遇、壓力但是從何入手？馬上進入角色？如何作到基本成功和避免大的錯誤？幻燈片中英文對照的是原版的教材（一共60張），其他則是進一步的詮釋。2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events6IntroductionEvent Operations展覽現(xiàn)場運作 It may take li

6、terally years to plan and organize an event that may last for only a few days數(shù)日的展覽可能需要數(shù)年的籌備 It is a detail-oriented process涉及大量具體的細節(jié)工作 It requires constantly checking and re-checking planning decisions made months even years prior（提前數(shù)月甚至數(shù)年）反復(fù)核對修改的計劃 Success depends on the ability to anticipate and p

7、lan for all eventualities and to develop a process for checking, rechecking and monitoring those planning decisions成功的關(guān)鍵因素：對各種可能性的預(yù)測能力和應(yīng)對能力、制定一個確認、再確認和跟蹤規(guī)劃決策的流程。2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events7Exercise One: Job Skill SetsPlease review the job descriptions in your course mate

8、rial. There are a minimum of 15 different skill sets mentioned in the 3 job descriptions above (see underlined phrases). Identify as many as possible.請閱讀練習(xí)材料中的職位描述。在以上三份職位描述（ 以下劃線標注的段落）中，至少出現(xiàn)了15種不同的職業(yè)技能。請盡你所能地把這些技能找出來。2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events8Project Management 項目管理Pl

9、anning 計劃Organizing 組織Directing 指導(dǎo)Controlling 控制Introduction2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events9管理的要素（基本內(nèi)容）： 計劃：設(shè)定目標和確定實現(xiàn)目標最佳方法的過程組織：確定責任并將責任分配給管理人員或 工作人員的過程指導(dǎo)：引導(dǎo)、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、培訓(xùn)的過程控制：根據(jù)預(yù)定目標跟蹤工作表現(xiàn)，評定工作效果并作出相應(yīng)修正協(xié)調(diào)以保證順利達到預(yù)定目標2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events10管理的核心：協(xié)調(diào)

10、協(xié)調(diào)就是解決爭端只要是行動，就一定有偏差。需要根據(jù)目標去修正同一級別無法自動協(xié)調(diào)盡量通過靜態(tài)的形式去協(xié)調(diào)（會議），但是有的時候也不得不在動態(tài)（行動）中協(xié)調(diào)2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events11Exercise Two: My Favorite BossName the best boss you ever had and說出你曾經(jīng)遇到的最佳老板的名字，并且介紹他/她the best technical planning tool he/she used 曾經(jīng)用過的最好的技術(shù)規(guī)劃工具and the best peopl

11、e management skill he/she used.用過的最好的人員管理技巧2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events12Critical Path 關(guān)鍵路徑The duration of a project plan in its entirety, from beginning to end. Each organization will implement critical path work and project plan development differently (and by many name

12、s). If not, there are many software programs available to set up project management.項目規(guī)劃是一個貫穿始終的整體過程。每一個機構(gòu)都會采取不同的關(guān)鍵路徑方法，并且制定不同的項目規(guī)劃（每個項目規(guī)劃有不同的名稱）。如果沒有做到以上步驟，則可以采用適合的軟件程序?qū)嵤╉椖抗芾?。Goals and Objectives 終點和目標Goals are desirable long-term outcomes(可達到的長期目標 and objectives are measurable short-term steps (可衡

13、量操作的短期目標)leading to a goal.長期目標是理想的長期結(jié)果，短期目標是為達到目標而采取的可預(yù)見的短期措施。Introduction2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events13完整的展覽運作（按工作順序分類）：策劃、立項招展、招商（宣傳、營銷）辦公室作業(yè)（接待受理、分配、提供服務(wù)資料，收款）實施 （現(xiàn)場管理，本文所重點涉及的）總結(jié)2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events14現(xiàn)場管理的時間階段（按時間順序分類）:注意節(jié)點!展前準備 (b

14、efore moving) 節(jié)點: 收帳、總圖紙、場刊、展前協(xié)調(diào)會議進館 (move in) 節(jié)點:進駐展館和酒店、發(fā)證、加班、開幕前夜、通道地毯 開幕和展中 (opening & show time) 節(jié)點:開幕式剪彩、觀眾登記、酒會撤館 (move out) 節(jié)點: 斷電和當夜2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events15項目經(jīng)理的主要職責和工作分解(WBS):領(lǐng)會領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的意圖，了解自己和團隊的目標組織團隊，并帶領(lǐng)團隊完成目標營銷制定、控制預(yù)算，財務(wù)上達到預(yù)定的目標現(xiàn)場運作，協(xié)調(diào)事務(wù)應(yīng)急預(yù)案總結(jié)2010 Internati

15、onal Association of Exhibitions and Events16適合展覽的基本的管理理論：系統(tǒng)論-運籌學(xué)-排隊論（使它成為串聯(lián)問題的一根線，根據(jù)輕重緩急來制定計劃、安排工作）C3I （指控通情，快速反映，處理應(yīng)急）墨菲原理（Murphys principle):不確定性 “如會出錯，肯定出錯”2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events17力爭把復(fù)雜的問題和繁雜的任務(wù)條理化: 系統(tǒng)論-運籌學(xué)-排隊論2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Eve

16、nts18系統(tǒng)論:系統(tǒng)地解決問題才叫做科學(xué)，不是系統(tǒng)的而是零碎的，就是正確的也不是科學(xué)（毛澤東）系統(tǒng)論就是要找到解決問題的那個杠桿點（圣吉）在處理復(fù)雜問題時一定要注意從整體上加以把握，統(tǒng)籌各方面的因素（錢學(xué)森）頭痛醫(yī)腳就是系統(tǒng)論2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events19管理（指揮）的“倍增器”：C3I指揮（command，計劃、組織）控制（control，控制和指導(dǎo)）通訊（communication協(xié)調(diào)溝通）情報（information信息、反饋） （關(guān)鍵的是信息溝通的順暢和及時反應(yīng)）2010 International

17、 Association of Exhibitions and Events20應(yīng)付突發(fā)的事件應(yīng)付不確定（墨菲原理）2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events21管理的最大難題:不確定性：如會出錯，肯定出錯所以千萬不要有“車到山前必有路”的僥幸心理，因為你帶領(lǐng)的是一個群體2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events22如何克服不確定性（克勞塞維茨）：戰(zhàn)爭是變色龍，充滿互動和摩擦，唯一不變的是變化本身窮極思維尋找確定因素，并力爭使它們形成主導(dǎo)2010 Inte

18、rnational Association of Exhibitions and Events23如何克服不確定性（論持久戰(zhàn)）我們承認戰(zhàn)爭現(xiàn)象是較之任何別的社會現(xiàn)象更難捉摸，更少確實性，即更帶所謂“蓋然性”戰(zhàn)爭沒有絕對的確實性，但不是沒有某種程度的相對的確實性。我之一方是比較地確實的知其大略，知其要點，是可能的 敵之一方很不確實，但也有朕兆可尋，有端倪可察，有前后現(xiàn)象可供思索。這就構(gòu)成了所謂某種程度的相對的確實性，戰(zhàn)爭的計劃性就有了客觀基礎(chǔ) （信息-情報）近代技術(shù)（有線電、無線電、飛機、汽車、鐵道、輪船等）的發(fā)達，又使戰(zhàn)爭的計劃性增大了可能（通訊）由于戰(zhàn)爭的情況和行動都有其相對的固定性，因而應(yīng)

19、之而生的戰(zhàn)爭計劃或方針，也就必須拿相對的固定性賦予它（指揮）2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events24現(xiàn)場管理的困難：展覽的特點決定時間緊、事情多：展商問題永遠在集中時間出現(xiàn)（開幕前夜）；展商的焦慮（永遠都是急件）和素質(zhì)（得理不饒人，不會等待）入場服務(wù)單位多，與其他合作單位協(xié)調(diào)（推諉、拖延，找不到人，不按原計劃行事）特別事件的干擾掛萬漏一、百密一疏沒有彌補的余地2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events25根據(jù)統(tǒng)計:展覽從籌備到結(jié)束，全部的工作可能達到

20、360多項具體工作！莫說是300多項具體和惱人的工作，就是300顆珍珠，你也無法一個人自己拿走！2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events26怎么辦？2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events27必須：不要試圖自己一個人拿走所有的珍珠，不能“什么事情都是你一人扛”，要依靠團隊的力量（核心小組）核心小組的延伸就是服務(wù)外包和聯(lián)席協(xié)調(diào)會議試圖用一根絲線把所有的珍珠穿連在一起，既好拿也好看這根絲線就是利用系統(tǒng)論將工作按照輕重緩急和不同節(jié)點的時間順序來優(yōu)化編制展覽工

21、作手冊 2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events28價值鏈管理:企業(yè)變革的本質(zhì)就是增強價值鏈管理。價值鏈管理的本質(zhì)就是優(yōu)化業(yè)務(wù)流程，提高企業(yè)核心競爭力。企業(yè)改革的方向應(yīng)該是真正按照“鏈”的特征改進企業(yè)的業(yè)務(wù)流程和組織結(jié)構(gòu)，使企業(yè)的供、產(chǎn)、銷或進、銷、存系統(tǒng)形成一條珍珠般的“價值鏈”。 - 邁克爾-波特 Michael Porter2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events29主要步驟：分解工作（WBS）建立團隊(包括服務(wù)外包)時間進度表（甘特表）工作手冊

22、 （核對備忘表）總協(xié)調(diào)會議（串聯(lián)和集中解決問題）2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events30系統(tǒng)論（排隊、合并）：利用系統(tǒng)論的原理，根據(jù)問題的輕重緩急將所有問題優(yōu)化、排隊、串聯(lián)，編寫工作手冊和工作日程計劃。先辦”要+緊”的事串聯(lián)問題，將集中出現(xiàn)的問題打包、合并處理（聯(lián)席協(xié)調(diào)會議）2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events316種重點的解決方法：工作核查表（按內(nèi)容以路線圖、時間表排列，并有索引備查，實際為任務(wù)表）兩道保險鎖：雙重核查（double chec

23、k) + 歸一綜合(one plan or timetable only)：雙重核查 （場刊、重要日程）；歸一綜合（唯一的日程表、展覽圖紙、帳單）爭取免責：正確的程序設(shè)計（如場刊利用電腦的粘貼功能），提前書面告知提前扯皮：聯(lián)席協(xié)調(diào)會議（針對打包單位，事先計劃，設(shè)立目標，限定時間、落實到人，會后將方案書面遞交給與會者避免問題反生）找出關(guān)鍵點和解決問題的關(guān)鍵部門(如展館)巡視（發(fā)現(xiàn)新問題， 控制）2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events32Advance Planning Event Teams 項目團隊（核心小組） Budg

24、et Development Insurance Issues General Liability Insurance Event Cancellation Insurance Exhibitor Liability Insurance Claim Handling Exhibitor Communications Bulletins Exhibitor Services Manual Web Presence Sponsor Fulfillment Registration Planning Event Specifications Guide Contractor Review Trave

25、l Plans2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events33組織:核心+外延管理小組（through others)內(nèi)部精干人員（告知每人3項職責），處理日常事務(wù)與展覽會準備工作直接相關(guān)的人員服務(wù)承包商（裝修-運輸-旅游-公關(guān)-禮賓-登記-外包保安-車隊）設(shè)施方（展館）的展覽會協(xié)調(diào)員(明確和限定職能)臨時工和志愿人員政府和媒體（外延）組織架構(gòu)圖和執(zhí)行程序 2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events34Exercise Three: Organization

26、 ChartDraw an organizational chart that describes your own Event Management Team.制作一份組織結(jié)構(gòu)圖，說明你所在展會管理團隊的構(gòu)成。Suggest at least one alternative arrangement that would benefit your organization.至少提出一種有利于你所在企業(yè)發(fā)展的替代性方案。2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events35Advance Planning Event Teams Bu

27、dget Development 預(yù)算 Insurance Issues General Liability Insurance Event Cancellation Insurance Exhibitor Liability Insurance Claim Handling Exhibitor Communications Bulletins Exhibitor Services Manual Web Presence Sponsor Fulfillment Registration Planning Event Specifications Guide Contractor Review

28、Travel Plans2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events36Advance Planning Event Teams Budget Development Insurance Issues 保險 General Liability Insurance 一般責任險 Event Cancellation Insurance 展覽取消 Exhibitor Liability Insurance 展商險 Claim Handling 索賠 Exhibitor Communications Bulletins Exhibit

29、or Services Manual Web Presence Sponsor Fulfillment Registration Planning Event Specifications Guide Contractor Review Travel Plans2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events37Advance Planning Event Teams Budget Development Insurance Issues General Liability Insurance Event Cancellation

30、 Insurance Exhibitor Liability Insurance Claim Handling Exhibitor Communications與參展商的溝通 Bulletins 布告 Exhibitor Services Manual 展商服務(wù)手冊 Web Presence 網(wǎng)絡(luò) Sponsor Fulfillment 贊助酬勞 Registration Planning 觀眾登記 Event Specifications Guide 展覽指導(dǎo)手冊 Contractor Review Travel Plans2010 International Association of

31、Exhibitions and Events38展覽手冊Event Specification GuideProgram resumeExhibition BookStaging Guide “Spec” Book 2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events39展會手冊： 展覽經(jīng)理的好朋友 可隨身攜帶的參考工具使用圖表表明每一實施步驟包括現(xiàn)場所需的全部信息為主要的團隊成員量身而定的工作指南2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events40 甘特表樣式：總運營計

32、劃時間表（時間表）內(nèi)容2014年7月-12月2014年1月-4月5月6月7月8月9月10月11月批文確定場地選定主場搭建商繪制平面圖、確定價格宣傳推廣編制和印刷參展商手冊宣傳資料展位銷售、廣告招商目標觀眾組織廣告發(fā)布及網(wǎng)站建設(shè)開幕前申報手續(xù)布展安排開幕式配套活動現(xiàn)場管理會務(wù)安排撤展期間安排總結(jié)和評估2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events41展覽手冊-核對表（check list）廣告類(Ads) 表示重要必須完成的工作聯(lián)系展館，在廣場和登記大廳的入口處設(shè)立展覽名稱標牌，并在出口處設(shè)置下屆展覽的日期信息； 完成時間： 落實

33、人： 未完成原因：聯(lián)系展館的拱門、公共廣告和公共區(qū)域（如登記大廳和主席臺位置）的預(yù)定（特別注意同期展覽的協(xié)調(diào)）。 完成時間： 落實人： 未完成原因：可以盈利的廣告：如吊帶（只可以一面印刷，兩面印容易引起其他展商的投訴）、胸卡、資料袋等。 完成時間： 落實人： 未完成原因：聯(lián)系展館外面周邊道路（電線桿小旗）和地鐵出口的室外廣告（注意和同期展覽的協(xié)調(diào)）-需要和公司PR協(xié)調(diào)； 完成時間： 落實人： 未完成原因：2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events42兩種展覽手冊的編輯方法： 按時間和路線圖(工作節(jié)點-里程碑） 按重要的事件和

34、工作（如禮賓公關(guān)、裝 修、運輸、財務(wù)等）2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events43現(xiàn)場的主要4+1工作（集成版塊）禮賓-新聞-廣告宣傳安全具節(jié)點性質(zhì)的程序工作（進館、布置、開幕、展覽、撤館、總結(jié)）觀眾組織和登記注冊特殊事件（計劃不如變化，快速反應(yīng)）2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events44Exercise Four: Exhibitor Services ManualExplain how your events Exhibitor Service

35、s Manual is distributed. 展商服務(wù)手冊是如何發(fā)放的Name at least one way cost could be reduced.建議一項可以省略的開支2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events45Advance Planning Event Teams Budget Development Insurance Issues General Liability Insurance Event Cancellation Insurance Exhibitor Liability Insuranc

36、e Claim Handling Exhibitor Communications Bulletins Exhibitor Services Manual Web Presence Sponsor Fulfillment Registration Planning Event Specifications Guide Contractor Review 服務(wù)商 Travel PlansNOTE the process of official contractor selection is covered in depth in the revised CEM Module Selecting

37、Service Contractors.2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events46Advance Planning Event Teams Budget Development Insurance Issues General Liability Insurance Event Cancellation Insurance Exhibitor Liability Insurance Claim Handling Exhibitor Communications Bulletins Exhibitor Services M

38、anual Web Presence Sponsor Fulfillment Registration Planning Event Specifications Guide Contractor Review Travel Plans 旅行計劃2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events47Move-InArrival on-site 到達現(xiàn)場Facility InspectionOfficesFreightSafetyCommunications ProtocolSanitationPre-ConUtilitiesPark

39、ingOfficial Services ContractorRegistration Contractor2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events48進館前的核查（文件類）:報批的文件（展會批件 、臺商批件、公安大活動批件、消防批件）各種費用的支付 (館租、保險、廣告、代理費）最后圖紙-經(jīng)消防審定展覽規(guī)則和注意事項的派發(fā)（展商和一切合作單位）與指定代理的合同、圖紙、告知職責并讓他們確認裝修和運輸?shù)恼{(diào)度指示各方聯(lián)系人總匯表應(yīng)變預(yù)案2010 International Association of Exhibitions a

40、nd Events49Move-InArrival on-siteFacility Inspection 展館和設(shè)備核查OfficesFreightSafetyCommunications ProtocolSanitationPre-ConUtilitiesParkingOfficial Services ContractorRegistration Contractor2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events50Move-InArrival on-siteFacility InspectionOffices 辦公室Fre

41、ightSafetyCommunications ProtocolSanitationPre-ConUtilitiesParkingOfficial Services ContractorRegistration Contractor2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events51Move-InArrival on-siteFacility InspectionOfficesFreight 運輸SafetyCommunications ProtocolSanitationPre-ConUtilitiesParkingOffic

42、ial Services ContractorRegistration Contractor2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events52Move-InArrival on-siteFacility InspectionOfficesFreightSafety 保安Communications ProtocolSanitationPre-ConUtilitiesParkingOfficial Services ContractorRegistration Contractor2010 International Associ

43、ation of Exhibitions and Events53Move-InArrival on-siteFacility InspectionOfficesFreightSafetyCommunications Protocol通信SanitationPre-ConUtilitiesParkingOfficial Services ContractorRegistration Contractor2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events54Exercise Five: Core TeamName the player

44、s in the Core Team for your event (by title). 核心小組的主要成員和職位Who would you like to add or delete from the Team if you could and why?那一位可以增加或減少？為什么？2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events55Move-InArrival on-siteFacility InspectionOfficesFreightSafetyCommunications ProtocolSanitation清潔Pr

45、e-ConUtilitiesParkingOfficial Services ContractorRegistration Contractor2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events56Move-InArrival on-siteFacility InspectionOfficesFreightSafetyCommunications ProtocolSanitationPre-Con 協(xié)調(diào)會議UtilitiesParkingOfficial Services ContractorRegistration Contrac

46、torPre-Con - A meeting at the primary facility at which an event will take place just prior to the event beginning. 2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events57展前會議: 重新審核展會計劃和組織方面的決策建立信息交流途徑；確定核心團隊成員的責權(quán)范圍；對于可能發(fā)生的問題，制定相應(yīng)的解決方案允許展會項目經(jīng)理開始執(zhí)行控制和指導(dǎo)的職能2010 International Association of Exhibiti

47、ons and Events58進館聯(lián)合協(xié)調(diào)會議（提前的總協(xié)調(diào)）1:最后圖紙（標識、廣告、辦公室等）各方聯(lián)系人、通訊表、辦公室(要互相靠近)指定總裝修和展商特裝的協(xié)調(diào)（進度、畫線，裝修內(nèi)部協(xié)調(diào)）指定總運輸和展商特運的協(xié)調(diào)（進度、順序，運輸內(nèi)部協(xié)調(diào)）裝修-運輸?shù)膮f(xié)調(diào)（順序、時間表， 裝修和運輸?shù)膮f(xié)調(diào)）主辦、裝修、運輸和展館(限定職權(quán))的協(xié)調(diào)（總協(xié)調(diào)）會后的書面?zhèn)渫洠ń鉀Q方案）防患于未然2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events59進館聯(lián)合協(xié)調(diào)會議（提前的總協(xié)調(diào)）2:加班的規(guī)則證件（人員、車輛；長期和臨時）的管理車輛的調(diào)度（調(diào)

48、度緩沖區(qū)）必須明確主辦單位的協(xié)調(diào)權(quán)威性同其他同期展覽的協(xié)調(diào)（通過展館）：開幕、廣告、登記、人流控制不要相信:車到山前必有路!2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events60Move-InArrival on-siteFacility InspectionOfficesFreightSafetyCommunications ProtocolSanitationPre-ConUtilities 公共工程(水電氣)供應(yīng)ParkingOfficial Services ContractorRegistration Contractor

49、2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events61Move-InArrival on-siteFacility InspectionOfficesFreightSafetyCommunications ProtocolSanitationPre-ConUtilitiesParking停車Official Services ContractorRegistration Contractor2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events62Move-InArrival

50、 on-siteFacility InspectionOfficesFreightSafetyCommunications ProtocolSanitationPre-ConUtilitiesParkingOfficial Services Contractor指定服務(wù)商Registration Contractor2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events63Exercise Six: General Services ContractorsList at least four official service contr

51、actor companies currently active in the exhibition industry. 舉出4家展覽服務(wù)商Bonus points (!) if you know where they are headquartered. 他們的總部在哪里？(加分!)2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events64Move-InArrival on-siteFacility InspectionOfficesFreightSafetyCommunications ProtocolSanitationPre-C

52、onUtilitiesParkingOfficial Services ContractorRegistration Contractor 登記服務(wù)區(qū)2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events65Move-InArrival on-siteFacility InspectionOfficesFreightSafetyCommunications ProtocolSanitationPre-ConUtilitiesParkingGeneral Services ContractorRegistration Contractor

53、Audio Visual Contractor 聲像服務(wù)Floor ManagementParking SupervisionTelecommunication SupervisorFloristPhotographerEmergency Preparedness ReviewSecuritySpecial GuestsFire MarshallFinal Details2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events66Move-InArrival on-siteFacility InspectionOfficesFreight

54、SafetyCommunications ProtocolSanitationPre-ConUtilitiesParkingGeneral Services ContractorRegistration ContractorAudio Visual ContractorFloor Management 現(xiàn)場經(jīng)理Parking SupervisionTelecommunication SupervisorFloristPhotographerEmergency Preparedness ReviewSecuritySpecial GuestsFire MarshallFinal Details2

55、010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events67Move-InArrival on-siteFacility InspectionOfficesFreightSafetyCommunications ProtocolSanitationPre-ConUtilitiesParkingGeneral Services ContractorRegistration ContractorAudio Visual ContractorFloor ManagementParking Supervision停車Telecommunicatio

56、n SupervisorFloristPhotographerEmergency Preparedness ReviewSecuritySpecial GuestsFire MarshallFinal Details2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events68Move-InArrival on-siteFacility InspectionOfficesFreightSafetyCommunications ProtocolSanitationPre-ConUtilitiesParkingGeneral Services

57、ContractorRegistration ContractorAudio Visual ContractorFloor ManagementParking SupervisionTelecommunication Supervisor通信FloristPhotographerEmergency Preparedness ReviewSecuritySpecial GuestsFire MarshallFinal Details2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events69Move-InArrival on-siteFac

58、ility InspectionOfficesFreightSafetyCommunications ProtocolSanitationPre-ConUtilitiesParkingGeneral Services ContractorRegistration ContractorAudio Visual ContractorFloor ManagementParking SupervisionTelecommunication SupervisorFlorist花草PhotographerEmergency Preparedness ReviewSecuritySpecial Guests

59、Fire MarshallFinal Details2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events70Move-InArrival on-siteFacility InspectionOfficesFreightSafetyCommunications ProtocolSanitationPre-ConUtilitiesParkingGeneral Services ContractorRegistration ContractorAudio Visual ContractorFloor ManagementParking Su

60、pervisionTelecommunication SupervisorFloristPhotographer攝影師Emergency Preparedness ReviewSecuritySpecial GuestsFire MarshallFinal Details2010 International Association of Exhibitions and Events71Move-InArrival on-siteFacility InspectionOfficesFreightSafetyCommunications ProtocolSanitationPre-ConUtili