2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)財(cái)政科學(xué)研究院考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)92

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)財(cái)政科學(xué)研究院考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Thestudentcontinuedtodomischiefinclasseventhoughhisteacherrepeatedlytoldhim______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.notdoing

B.not

C.notto

D.to

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞搭配。句意：這個(gè)學(xué)生在課堂上繼續(xù)惡作劇，盡管他的老師一再告訴他不要這樣做。根據(jù)動(dòng)詞搭配tellsb.(not)todosth.確定C選項(xiàng)notto符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Thewordfor“TheDaVinciCode”isarareinvertiblepalindrome.Rotated180degreesonahorizontalaxissothatitisupsidedown,itdenotesthematernalessencethatissometimeslinkedtothesportofsoccer.Readrightsideup,itconciselyconveysthekindofextremeenthusiasmwithwhichthisriddle-filled,code-breaking,exhilaratinglybrainythrillercanberecommended.Thatwordiswow.

TheauthorisDanBrown(anameyouwillwanttoremember).Inthisgleefullyeruditesuspensenovel,Mr.Browntakestheformathehasbeendevelopingthroughthreeearliernovelsandfine-tunesittoblockbusterperfection.NotsincetheadventofHarryPotterhasanauthorsoflagrantlydelightedinleadingreadersonabreathlesschaseandcoaxingthemthroughhoops.Considerthenewbook’sprologue,setintheGrandGalleryoftheLouvre.(Thisisthekindofbookthatnoticesthatthisonegallery’slengthisthreetimesthatoftheWashingtonMonument.)ItembroilsaCaravaggio,analbinomonkandacuratorinafighttothedeath.That’ssceneleavinglittledoubtthattheauthorknowshowtopiqueinterest,asthecurator,JacquesSauniere,fightsforhislife.

Desperatelyseizingthepaintinginordertoactivatethemuseum’salarmsystem,Saunieresucceedsinbuyingsometime.Andheusesthesestolenmoments?Whicharehislast?Totakeoffhisclothes,drawacircleandarrangehimselflikethefigureinLeonardo’smostfamousdrawing,“TheVitruvianMan.”AndtoleavebehindananagramandFibonacci’sfamousnumericalseriesasclues.

Whateverthisisabout,itisenoughtosummonLangdon,whobynow,heblushestorecall,hasbeendescribedinanadoringmagazinearticleas“HarrisonFordinHarristweed.”Langdon’slatestmanuscript,which“proposedsomeveryunconventionalinterpretationsofestablishedreligiousiconographywhichwouldcertainlybecontroversial,”isdefinitelygermane.

AlsosoononthesceneisthecryptologistSophieNeveu,achipofftheauthor’searlierprototypes:“Unlikethecookie-cutterblondesthatadornedHarvarddormroomwalls,thiswomanwashealthywithanunembellishedbeautyandgenuinenessthatradiatedastrikingpersonalconfidence.”EvenifhehadnotcontrivedthisentirestoryasahuntfortheLostSacredFeminineessence,womeninparticularwouldloveMr.Brown.

Thebookmovesatabreakneckpace,withtheauthorseemingthoroughlytoenjoyhiscontrivances.Virtuallyeverychapterendswithacliffhanger:noteasy,consideringtheamountofplainoldtakingthatgetsdone.AndSophieandLangdonaresentontherun,thebettertochurnupathrilleratmosphere.Totheircredit,theyevadetheirpursuersasingeniouslyastheydomosteverythingelse.

Whenbeingfollowedviaaglobalpositioningsystem,forinstance,itissmarttosendthesensorflyingouta40-footwindowandleadpursuerstothinkyouhavedonethesame.Somehowthebookmanagestoreconcilesuchderring-dowithremarkslike.“Anddidyouknowthatifyoudividethenumberoffemalebeesbythenumberofmalebeesinanybeehiveintheworld,youalwaysgetthesamenumber?”

“TheDaVinciCode”isbreezyenougheventomakefunofitscharacters’owncleverness.AtonepointLangdonisaskedbyhishostwhetherhehashiddenasought—aftertreasurecarefullyenough.“Actually,”Langdonsays,unabletohidehisgrin,“thatdependsonhowoftenyoudustunderyourcouch.”

21.Whydoestheauthorusetheword“wow”todescribethenovelTheDaVinciCode?

22.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

23.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatHarryPotterisallthefollowingEXCEPT________.

24.ThemajorfactorthatcontributestothesuccessofTheDaVinciCodeis________.

25.Theauthor’sattitudetowards“TheDaVinceCode”is________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Becausethewordreadsthesamebackwards.

B.Becauseitisalsolinkedtothesportoffootball.

C.Becausethenovelisimbuedwithperplexingenigmasandsmartlywrought.

D.Becausethenovelisabestseller.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.DanBrown,authorof“TheDaVinciCode”haspublishedsofarfournovels.

B.TheDaVinciCodebeginswithamysteriousmurdercaseintheGalleryofLouvre.

C.Inhisearliernovels,DanBrownhascreatedcharacterslikeSpohieNeveu.

D.TheDaVinciCodewinsthepopularityamongwomenbecauseDanBrownisaferventfeminist.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.itisalsoabestselleraroundtheworld

B.itattractsreaderswithheart-throbbingsuspense

C.itischaracterizedbyhoaxandunreliableplots

D.ithasachievedimmensepopularitywithreaders

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theengrossingprologue

B.thedepictionofthefemaleprotagonistSophieNeveu

C.thebreakneckpaceandacliffhangerattheendofalmosteverychapter

D.thecolorfuldescriptionoftheclevernessofthecharacters

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.critical

B.indifferent

C.affirmative

D.sarcastic

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】21.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)thisriddle-filled,code-breaking,exhilaratinglybrainythrillercanberecommended（這本推理懸疑小說(shuō)值得推薦，它充滿謎題和破解密碼，令人興奮），可知這部小說(shuō)寫(xiě)得很精彩，所以C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)檫@部小說(shuō)充滿了令人費(fèi)解的謎題，構(gòu)思巧妙的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)檫@個(gè)詞倒著讀也是一樣的”和B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗才c足球運(yùn)動(dòng)有關(guān)”：根據(jù)第一段第一句Thewordfor“TheDaVinciCode”isarareinvertiblepalindrome.（“達(dá)芬奇密碼”是一種少見(jiàn)的可逆回文。），和第二句sometimeslinkedtothesportofsoccer（有時(shí)與足球運(yùn)動(dòng)聯(lián)系在一起），可知是在解釋達(dá)芬奇密碼這個(gè)名詞而非小說(shuō)，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)檫@本小說(shuō)是一本暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)”：根據(jù)第二段第二句fine-tunesittoblockbusterperfection（并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了微調(diào)，使之達(dá)到了轟動(dòng)一時(shí)的完美境界），這里沒(méi)有表示小說(shuō)賣(mài)得好，其他地方也沒(méi)有提到小說(shuō)的銷(xiāo)量，故錯(cuò)誤。

因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

22.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句EvenifhehadnotcontrivedthisentirestoryasahuntfortheLostSacredFeminineessence,womeninparticularwouldloveMr.Brown.（即使他設(shè)計(jì)的整個(gè)故事不是為了尋找丟失的神圣女性本質(zhì)，女性們也會(huì)特別喜歡布朗先生。），可知丹?布朗不是女性主義者，D選項(xiàng)“《達(dá)?芬奇密碼》在女性中廣受歡迎，因?yàn)榈?布朗是一個(gè)狂熱的女權(quán)主義者”不符合文章內(nèi)容，故正確。A選項(xiàng)“丹?布朗，《達(dá)芬奇密碼》的作者，迄今為止已經(jīng)出版了四部小說(shuō)”：根據(jù)第二段第二句Mr.Browntakestheformathehasbeendevelopingthroughthreeearliernovelsandfine-tunesittoblockbusterperfection.（布朗采用了他在早期三部小說(shuō)中發(fā)展起來(lái)的形式）可知布朗已經(jīng)出版了四部小說(shuō)，符合文章內(nèi)容，故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“《達(dá)芬奇密碼》始于盧浮宮的一樁神秘的兇殺案”：根據(jù)第二段第四、五句Considerthenewbook’sprologue,setintheGrandGalleryoftheLouvre…ItembroilsaCaravaggio,analbinomonkandacuratorinafighttothedeath.（以這本新書(shū)的序言為例，故事發(fā)生在盧浮宮的大畫(huà)廊……一名來(lái)自卡拉瓦喬的人、一名白化病僧人和一名館長(zhǎng)卷入了一場(chǎng)殊死搏斗。），可知在小說(shuō)開(kāi)頭講的是兇殺案，符合文章內(nèi)容，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“在他早期的小說(shuō)中，丹?布朗創(chuàng)造了像索菲?奈芙這樣的人物”：根據(jù)第五段第一句thecryptologistSophieNeveu,achipofftheauthor’searlierprototypes（索菲?奈芙，由作者早期作品的原型而來(lái)），可知丹?布朗在早期創(chuàng)造了跟索菲?奈芙很像的人物，符合文章內(nèi)容，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

23.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句N(xiāo)otsincetheadventofHarryPotterhasanauthorsoflagrantlydelightedinleadingreadersonabreathlesschaseandcoaxingthemthroughhoops.（自從《哈利?波特》問(wèn)世以來(lái)，還沒(méi)有哪位作家能像他這樣公然地讓讀者應(yīng)接不暇，引誘讀者掉入層層作者設(shè)置的圈套。），可知《哈利?波特》通過(guò)跌宕起伏和充滿懸疑的情節(jié)吸引讀者，B選項(xiàng)“它以讓人心跳加速的懸念吸引讀者”符合文章內(nèi)容，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“它的特點(diǎn)是騙局和不可靠的陰謀”不符合文章內(nèi)容，所以正確。A選項(xiàng)“這本書(shū)在世界各地都很暢銷(xiāo)”和D選項(xiàng)“它在讀者中獲得了巨大的人氣”：作者為了讓讀者理解自己的意思，一定會(huì)選擇大家耳熟能詳?shù)睦樱茢唷豆?波特》暢銷(xiāo)并且受歡迎，符合文章內(nèi)容，故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

24.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句N(xiāo)otsincetheadventofHarryPotterhasanauthorsoflagrantlydelightedinleadingreadersonabreathlesschaseandcoaxingthemthroughhoops.（自從《哈利?波特》問(wèn)世以來(lái)，還沒(méi)有哪位作家能像他這樣公然地讓讀者應(yīng)接不暇，引誘讀者掉入層層作者設(shè)置的圈套。），作者點(diǎn)出這本書(shū)受歡迎的獨(dú)特之處，第六段第二句Virtuallyeverychapterendswithacliffhanger:noteasy,consideringtheamountofplainoldtakingthatgetsdone.（幾乎每一章都以懸念結(jié)尾：這并不容易，考慮到要完成的普通的拍攝數(shù)量。），結(jié)合文章運(yùn)用大量筆墨表達(dá)《達(dá)芬奇密碼》充滿懸疑，所以C選項(xiàng)“幾乎每一章結(jié)尾的驚險(xiǎn)節(jié)奏和扣人心弦的情節(jié)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“引人入勝的開(kāi)場(chǎng)白”，B選項(xiàng)“女主人公索菲?奈芙的描寫(xiě)”和D選項(xiàng)“對(duì)人物聰明才智的生動(dòng)描述”：不是《達(dá)芬奇密碼》最獨(dú)特的地方，故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

25.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Thatwordiswow.（這個(gè)詞就是哇。），可知作者對(duì)小說(shuō)的態(tài)度是C選項(xiàng)“肯定”。A選項(xiàng)“批判”，B選項(xiàng)“冷淡”和D選項(xiàng)“諷刺”不符合文章內(nèi)容，故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Thepoorgirlspentoverhalfayearinthehospitalbutsheisnow_______forit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.neverworse

B.nonethebetter

C.nonetheworse

D.neverbetter

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)“從來(lái)沒(méi)有更糟的”；B選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有更好”；C選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有更差”；D選項(xiàng)“從來(lái)沒(méi)有這么好”。句意：這個(gè)可憐的女孩在醫(yī)院里住了半年多，但現(xiàn)在_______。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指女孩在醫(yī)院待了很久，病情沒(méi)有好轉(zhuǎn)，所以B選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有更好”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

The_______featureinTed’scharacterwaspride;hecouldn’teverthinkofdependingonanyonebuthimself.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.controlling

B.prevailing

C.predominant

D.primary

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)controlling“控制欲強(qiáng)的（含貶義）”；B選項(xiàng)prevailing“普遍的，盛行的”；C選項(xiàng)predominant“明顯的；占優(yōu)勢(shì)的”；D選項(xiàng)primary“主要的，基本的”。句意：驕傲是泰德的性格中_______的特點(diǎn)；除了他自己，他從不指望別人。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里是指泰德非常驕傲，很容易看出來(lái)，所以predominant“明顯的”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

ThemostthoroughlystudiedintellectualsinthehistoryoftheNewWorldaretheministersandpoliticalleadersofseventeenth-centuryNewEngland.AccordingtothestandardhistoryofAmericanphilosophy,nowhereelseincolonialAmericawas“somuchimportanceattachedtointellectualpursuits.”Accordingtomanybooksandarticles,NewEngland’sleadersestablishedthebasicthemesandpreoccupationsofanunfolding,dominantPuritan(清教徒)traditioninAmericanintellectuallife.

TomakethisapproachtotheNewEnglandersnormallymeantostartwiththePuritans’theologicalinnovationsandtheirdistinctiveideasaboutthechurch—importantsubjectsthatwemaynotneglect.Butinkeepingwithourexaminationofsouthernintellectuallife,wemayconsidertheoriginalPuritansascarriersofEuropeanculture,adjustingtoNewWorldcircumstances.TheNewEnglandcolonieswerethescenesofimportantepisodesinthepursuitofwidelyunderstoodidealsofcivilityandvirtuosity.

TheearlysettlersofMassachusettsBayincludedmenofimpressiveeducationandinfluenceinEngland.BesidestheninetyorsolearnedministerswhocametoMassachusettschurchinthedecadeafter1629,therewerepoliticalleaderslikeJohnWinthrop,aneducatedgentleman,lawyer,andofficialofthecrownbeforehejourneyedtoBoston.Thesemenwroteandpublishedextensively,reachingbothNewWorldandOldWorldaudiences,andgivingNewEnglandanatmosphereofintellectualearnestness.

Weshouldnotforget,however,thatmostNewEnglanderswerelesswelleducated.Whilefewcraftsmenorfarmersletalonedependentsandservants,leftliterarycompositionstobeanalyzed,itisobviousthattheirviewswerelessfullyintellectualized.Theirthinkingoftenhadatraditionalsuperstitiousquality.AtailornamedJohnDane,whoimmigratedinthelate1630s:leftanaccountofhisreasonsforleavingEnglandthatisfilledwithsigns.Sexualconfusion,economicfrustrations,andreligioushope—allcametogetherinadecisivemomentwhenheopenedtheBible,toldhisfatherthefirstlinehesawwouldsettlehisfate,andreadthemagicalwords:“comeoutfromamongthem,touchnouncleanthing,andIwillbeyourGodandyoushallbymypeople.”O(jiān)newonderswhatDanethoughtofthecarefulsermonsexplainingtheBiblethatheheardinpuritanchurches.

Meanwhile,manysettlershadslighterreligiouscommitmentsthanDane’s,asoneclergymanlearnedinconfrontingfolkalongthecoastwhomockedthattheyhadnotcometotheNewWorldforreligion.“Ourmainendwastocatchfish.”

26.Theauthorholdsthatintheseventeenth-centuryNewEngland________.

27.ItissuggestedinParagraph2thatNewEnglanders________.

28.TheearlyministersandpoliticalleadersinMassachusettsBay________.

29.ThestoryofJohnDaneshowsthatlesswell-educatedNewEnglanderswereoften________.

30.ThetextsuggeststhatearlysettlersinNewEngland________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.puritantraditiondominatedpoliticallife

B.intellectualinterestwereencouraged

C.politicsbenefitedmuchfromintellectualendeavors

D.intellectualpursuitsenjoyedaliberalenvironment

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.experiencedacomparativelyearlyhistory

B.broughtwiththemthecultureoftheOldWorld

C.paidlittleattentiontosouthernintellectuallife

D.wereobsessedwithreligiousinnovations

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.werefamousintheNewWorldfortheirwritings

B.gainedincreasingimportanceinreligionsaffairs

C.abandonedhighpositionsbeforecomingtotheNewWorld

D.createdanewintellectualatmosphereinNewEngland

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.influencedbysuperstitions

B.troubledwithreligiousbeliefs

C.puzzledbychurchsermons

D.frustratedwithfamilyearnings

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.weremostlyengagedinpoliticalactivities

B.weremotivatedbyanillusoryprospect

C.camefromdifferentintellectualbackground

D.leftfewformalrecordsforlaterreference

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】26.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句nowhereelseincolonialAmericawas“somuchimportanceattachedtointellectualpursuits”（在新英格蘭，沒(méi)有任何其他地方比殖民地美國(guó)“對(duì)知識(shí)追求”有如此高的重視），可知作者認(rèn)為新英格蘭重視知識(shí)，所以B選項(xiàng)“鼓勵(lì)知識(shí)分子的興趣”正確。A選項(xiàng)“清教傳統(tǒng)主導(dǎo)了政治生活”和D選項(xiàng)“享有追求知識(shí)自由的環(huán)境”：根據(jù)第一段第三句N(xiāo)ewEngland’sleadersestablishedthebasicthemesandpreoccupationsofanunfolding,dominantPuritan（清教徒）traditioninAmericanintellectuallife.（新英格蘭的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人將逐漸發(fā)展起來(lái)的占主導(dǎo)地位的清教傳統(tǒng)文化作為美洲文化生活的基本主題和當(dāng)務(wù)之急。），可知沒(méi)有說(shuō)到清教和政治的緊密聯(lián)系，故A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人把清教作為文化基底，沒(méi)有讓人充分自由追求文化，故D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“政治從知識(shí)的努力中獲益良多”：文章沒(méi)有提到知識(shí)在政治方面帶來(lái)的好處，故錯(cuò)誤。因此選B項(xiàng)正確。

27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Butinkeepingwithourexaminationofsouthernintellectuallife,wemayconsidertheoriginalPuritansascarriersofEuropeanculture,adjustingtoNewWorldcircumstances.（但是，為了與我們對(duì)南方知識(shí)分子生活的考察相一致，我們可以把最初的清教徒看作是歐洲文化的載體，他們?cè)谶m應(yīng)新大陸的環(huán)境。），可知新英格蘭人把原本就有的清教帶到新大陸，所以B選項(xiàng)“帶來(lái)了舊世界的文化”正確。A選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)歷了比較早的歷史”：不是作者想要表達(dá)的意思，屬于過(guò)度推測(cè)，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)南方的知識(shí)分子生活沒(méi)有多少關(guān)注”：這里指的是以讀者的角度看南方知識(shí)分子而非新英格蘭人，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“癡迷于宗教創(chuàng)新”：根據(jù)第二段第一句Puritans’theologicalinnovations（清教徒的神學(xué)創(chuàng)新），并沒(méi)有說(shuō)他們癡迷于宗教改革，屬于過(guò)度推測(cè)，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

28.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句Thesemenwroteandpublishedextensively,reachingbothNewWorldandOldWorldaudiences,andgivingNewEnglandanatmosphereofintellectualearnestness.（這些人著書(shū)立說(shuō)，在新舊世界都有讀者，給新英格蘭帶來(lái)了一種學(xué)術(shù)熱情的氣氛。），可知D選項(xiàng)“在新英格蘭創(chuàng)造了一種新的學(xué)術(shù)氛圍”正確；沒(méi)有表達(dá)他們很出名，故A選項(xiàng)“在新大陸，他們因?yàn)樽髌泛艹雒卞e(cuò)誤；沒(méi)有提到他們?cè)谧诮淌聞?wù)中的地位，故B選項(xiàng)“在宗教事務(wù)中越來(lái)越重要”錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“在來(lái)到新大陸之前放棄了高級(jí)職位”：根據(jù)第三段第一句TheearlysettlersofMassachusettsBayincludedmenofimpressiveeducationandinfluenceinEngland.（馬薩諸塞灣的早期定居者包括在英國(guó)受過(guò)良好教育和有影響力的人。），這并不代表他們之前位高權(quán)重，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

29.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句mostNewEnglanderswerelesswelleducated.（大多數(shù)新英格蘭人受教育程度較低。）和第三句Theirthinkingoftenhadatraditionalsuperstitiousquality.（他們的思想往往帶有一種傳統(tǒng)的迷信性質(zhì)。），接著引出戴恩的例子，所以A選項(xiàng)“受迷信的影響”正確。B選項(xiàng)“受宗教信仰困擾”，C選項(xiàng)“被教會(huì)的布道所迷惑”和D選項(xiàng)“對(duì)家庭收入感到沮喪”不符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

30.推理判斷題。本文講述新英格蘭殖民地的早期定居者，他們有的是受過(guò)良好教育和有影響力的人，有的受教育程度較低，所以C選項(xiàng)“來(lái)自不同的知識(shí)背景”正確。A選項(xiàng)“主要從事政治活動(dòng)”：他們的生活方方面面，政治是其中一項(xiàng)，故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“被虛幻的前景所激勵(lì)”：文中沒(méi)有這樣的意思，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有留下多少正式記錄供后人參考”：根據(jù)第一段第三句Accordingtomanybooksandarticles（根據(jù)許多書(shū)籍和文章），可知有不少可參考的資料，故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Ifthedisputeisnotsettledina(n)_______waysoon,thetwocountrieswillcertainlygotowar.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.amiable

B.amicable

C.inimical

D.unfriendly

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)amiable“親切友好的”；B選項(xiàng)amicable“心平氣和的”；C選項(xiàng)inimical“對(duì)……有害的；敵意的”；D選項(xiàng)unfriendly“不友好的”。句意：如果爭(zhēng)端不盡快以_______的方式解決，這兩個(gè)國(guó)家肯定會(huì)開(kāi)戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指如果沒(méi)有妥善解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，就會(huì)引發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，amicable“心平氣和的”方式放在這里比較合適。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Somuchdataindicatetheworld’sprogresstowardsmeetingtheMillenniumDevelopmentGoals(MDGs),asetoftargetsadoptedbyworldleadersattheUNmorethantenyearsago.Butthegoal-settingexercisehasfurtherpitfalls.Toooften,thegoalsarereducedtoworkingouthowmuchmoneyisneededtomeetaparticulartarget.Yetthecountriesthathavemademostprogressincuttingpovertyhavelargelydonesonotbyspendingpublicmoney,butbyencouragingfastereconomicgrowth.AsShantaDevarajan,theWorldBank’schiefeconomistforAfrica,pointsout,growthdoesnotjustmakemoremoneyavailableforsocialspending.Italsoincreasesthedemandforsuchthingsasschooling,andthushelpsmeetotherdevelopmentgoals.Yetthegoals,asdrawnup,madenomentionofeconomicgrowth.

Ofcoursegrowthbyitselfdoesnotsolvealltheproblemsofthepoor.Itisalsoclearthatwhilemoneyhelps,howitisspentandwhatitisspentonareenormouslyimportant.Forinstances,campaignersoftenaskformoretobespentonprimaryeducation.Butthroughoutthedevelopingworldteachersonthepublicpayrollareoftenabsentfromschool.Teacher-absenteeismratesarearound20%inruralKenya,27%inUgandaand14%inEcuador.

Inanycase,moneythatisallocatedforsuchservicesrarelyreachesitsintendedrecipients.Astudyfoundthat70%ofthemoneyallocatedfordrugsandsuppliesbytheUgandagovernmentin2000waslost;inGhana,80%wassiphonedoff.Moneyneedstobespent,therefore,notmerelyonbuildingmoreschoolsorhiringmoreteachers,butongettingthemtodowhattheyarepaidfor,andpreventingresourcesfromdisappearingsomewherebetweenthecentralgovernmentandtheirsupposeddestination.

Thegoodnewsisthatpolicyexperimentscarriedoutbygovernments,NGOs,academicsandinternationalinstitutionsareslowlybuildingupabodyofevidenceaboutmethodsthatwork.Alarge-scaleevaluationinAndhraPradeshinsouthernIndiawasshown,forexample,thatperformancepayforteachersisthreetimesaseffectiveatraisingpupil’stestscoresastheequivalentamountspentonschoolsupplies.

AndinUgandathegovernment,appalledthatmoneymeantforschoolswasnotreachingthem,tooktopublicizinghowmuchwasbeingallotted,usingradioandnewspaper.Moneywastagewasdramaticallyreduced.TheWorldBankhopestobringsuchinnovationstothenoticeofothergovernmentsduringthesummit,ifitcan.Forifthedriveagainstpovertysucceed,itwillowemoretosuchideasandwiderusethantotargetssetatUN-sponsoredsummits.

26.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingmeritscan’twederivefromeconomicgrowth?

27.Teacher-absenteeismiscitedasexample________.

28.Accordingtotheauthor,weshould________whendealingwithallocatedmoney.

29.Onwhichofthefollowingwouldtheauthormostprobablyagree?

30.Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itincreasesotherdemandssuchaseducation.

B.ItmayhelpthegovernmenttofulfillMillenniumDevelopmentGoals.

C.Fastergrowthwillliftthepooroutofpoverty.

D.Economicgrowthmaysolvesomeproblemsofthepoor.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.tocallforgovernmentsapplyperformancepaytoteachers

B.tounderlinetheimportanceofmoneyshouldbespentonwhereitisneeded

C.tostatethattheallocatedmoneyshouldgetstaffstodowhattheyarepaidfor

D.toshowthatAfricancountrieshavealongwaytogobeforereachingtheUN’sgoalposts

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.avoidtheleakageofmoney

B.givetheanti-povertyplansthepriority

C.promoteeducationtoahigherlevel

D.improvepublicinfrastructurefirst

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Economicgrowthdoesnotmakemoremoneyavailableforsocialspending.

B.MoneyleakageisabigproblemthatAfricaencounters.

C.MillenniumDevelopmentGoalsmayinvolveeachcountry’sGDPgrowth.

D.MillenniumDevelopmentGoalshavecometobeseenasapplyingtoeachdevelopingcountry.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theWorldBankplaysanimportantroleinhelpingUgandafixmoneyleakage

B.moneyleakageisrampantlyflourishinginUganda

C.MillenniumDevelopmentGoalsmayhavefailedinliftingthepooroutofpoverty

D.innovativeideasshouldcomebeforetargetssetbyUN

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】26.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第一、二句Ofcoursegrowthbyitselfdoesnotsolvealltheproblemsofthepoor.Itisalsoclearthatwhilemoneyhelps,howitisspentandwhatitisspentonareenormouslyimportant.（當(dāng)然，增長(zhǎng)本身并不能解決窮人的所有問(wèn)題。同樣明顯的是，雖然錢(qián)有幫助，但如何花，花在什么地方非常重要。），可知經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)對(duì)于脫貧有幫助，但是不能根治，C選項(xiàng)“更快的增長(zhǎng)將使貧困人口擺脫貧困”不符合文章意思，所以正確，錢(qián)在脫貧上有幫助，D選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)可能解決窮人的一些問(wèn)題”符合文章意思，故錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“增加了其他需求，如教育”：根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句Italsoincreasesthedemandforsuchthingsasschooling（它還增加了對(duì)教育等方面的需求），可知符合文章意思，故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“可能有助于政府實(shí)現(xiàn)千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)”：根據(jù)第一段第一句和第三句Somuchdataindicatetheworld’sprogresstowardsmeetingtheMillenniumDevelopmentGoals(MDGs)…Toooften,thegoalsarereducedtoworkingouthowmuchmoneyisneededtomeetaparticulartarget.（如此多的數(shù)據(jù)表明，世界在實(shí)現(xiàn)千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)（MDGs）方面取得了進(jìn)展……通常，目標(biāo)被簡(jiǎn)化為計(jì)算需要多少錢(qián)來(lái)達(dá)到一個(gè)特定的目標(biāo)。），可知符合文章意思，故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Itisalsoclearthatwhilemoneyhelps,howitisspentandwhatitisspentonareenormouslyimportant.（同樣明顯的是，雖然錢(qián)有幫助，但如何花，花在什么地方非常重要。），這是這段的主要論點(diǎn)，老師缺勤的例子是為了證明如何花錢(qián)很重要，所以B選項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)調(diào)錢(qián)應(yīng)該花在需要的地方的重要性”正確。A選項(xiàng)“要求政府對(duì)教師實(shí)行績(jī)效工資”，C選項(xiàng)“說(shuō)明拿了相應(yīng)的工資就要做相應(yīng)的工作”和D選項(xiàng)“表明非洲國(guó)家在達(dá)到聯(lián)合國(guó)的目標(biāo)之前還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走”：不是這一段表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

28.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句Moneyneedstobespent,therefore,notmerelyonbuildingmoreschoolsorhiringmoreteachers,butongettingthemtodowhattheyarepaidfor,andpreventingresourcesfromdisappearingsomewherebetweenthecentralgovernmentandtheirsupposeddestination.（因此，資金不應(yīng)該僅僅花在建設(shè)更多的學(xué)校或雇傭更多的教師上，而應(yīng)該花在讓他們做他們?cè)撟龅氖虑樯希乐官Y源在中央政府和他們預(yù)期的目的地之間消失。），可知作者認(rèn)為最應(yīng)該做的是讓金錢(qián)去到該去的地方發(fā)揮作用，所以A選項(xiàng)“不讓錢(qián)流失（被挪用）”正確，C選項(xiàng)“提高教育水平”不是花錢(qián)的主要方向，故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“優(yōu)先考慮脫貧計(jì)劃”：在這里范圍太廣不符合題意，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“優(yōu)先建設(shè)公共設(shè)施”：文章沒(méi)有提到，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

29.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段第二句Astudyfoundthat70%ofthemoneyallocatedfordrugsandsuppliesbytheUgandagovernmentin2000waslost;inGhana,80%wassiphonedoff.（一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，2000年烏干達(dá)政府分配給藥品和供應(yīng)品的資金有70%不見(jiàn)了；而在加納，80%的資金被挪用。），可知非洲國(guó)家的資金流失現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重，所以B選項(xiàng)“資金流失是非洲遇到的一個(gè)大問(wèn)題”符合文章意思，正確。A選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)并沒(méi)有使更多的錢(qián)用于社會(huì)支出”：根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第三句growthdoesnotjustmakemoremoneyavailableforsocialspending（經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)不僅僅是為社會(huì)支出提供了更多資金），可知不符合文章意思，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)可能涉及每個(gè)國(guó)家的國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長(zhǎng)”和D選項(xiàng)“千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)已被視為適用于每個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家”：文章沒(méi)有提到，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

30.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第三句TheWorldBankhopestobringsuchinnovationstothenoticeofothergovernmentsduringthesummit,ifitcan.Forifthedriveagainstpovertysucceed,itwillowemoretosuchideasandwiderusethantotargetssetatUN-sponsoredsummits.（如果可能的話，世界銀行希望在峰會(huì)期間讓其他國(guó)家的政府注意到這些創(chuàng)新。因?yàn)槿绻毨У倪\(yùn)動(dòng)取得成功，它將更多地歸功于這些想法和更廣泛的應(yīng)用，而不是在聯(lián)合國(guó)主辦的峰會(huì)上設(shè)定的目標(biāo)。），可知世界銀行鼓勵(lì)創(chuàng)新的想法，而不是聯(lián)合國(guó)設(shè)立的目標(biāo)，所以D選項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)新的想法應(yīng)該先于聯(lián)合國(guó)設(shè)定的目標(biāo)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“世界銀行在幫助烏干達(dá)解決資金流失問(wèn)題方面發(fā)揮了重要作用”和B選項(xiàng)“資金流失在烏干達(dá)經(jīng)常發(fā)生”：根據(jù)第五段第一、二句AndinUgandathegovernment,appalledthatmoneymeantforschoolswasnotreachingthem,tooktopublicizinghowmuchwasbeingallotted,usingradioandnewspaper.Moneywastagewasdramaticallyreduced.（而在烏干達(dá)，政府因本應(yīng)給學(xué)校的錢(qián)沒(méi)有送到他們手中而感到震驚，于是通過(guò)廣播和報(bào)紙來(lái)公布分配了多少錢(qián)。金錢(qián)浪費(fèi)大大減少。），可知是政府發(fā)揮了作用，而不是世界銀行，故A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，資金流失因?yàn)檎淖鳛榇蟠鬁p少，故B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)可能未能使窮人擺脫貧困”：最后一段沒(méi)有提到，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Despitehisoccasionalfondnessforgambling,heisstillconsideredasagoodboy______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.asthewhole

B.forthewhole

C.bythewhole

D.onthewhole

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)asthewhole和D選項(xiàng)onthewhole都意為“總的來(lái)說(shuō)”，asthewhole強(qiáng)調(diào)把部分和整體作為為兩方面，相當(dāng)于分分結(jié)構(gòu)，onthewhole強(qiáng)調(diào)整體包含部分，相當(dāng)于分總結(jié)構(gòu)；B選項(xiàng)forthewhole和C選項(xiàng)bythewhole非固定搭配。句意：盡管他有偶爾賭博的嗜好，______他仍然被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)好孩子。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)賭博的嗜好是整體是好孩子的一部分，D選項(xiàng)onthewhole符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Onedayin2008ananonymousTwitteruserpostedamessage:“Iamcertainlynotbored,waybusy!feelgreat!”Thatisallwellandgood,onemightthink,bututterlyuninterestingtoanyonebesidestheauthorand,perhaps,afewfriends.Notso,accordingtoJohnBollen,ofIndianaUniversityBloomington,whocollectedthetweet,alongwithplentyofotherssentthatday.Allwereratedforemotionalcontent.Manyprovedsimilarlychirpy,scoringhighonconfidence,energyandhappiness.Indeed,Dr.Bollenreckons,onthedaythetweetwasposted,America’scollectivemoodperkedupanotch.Whenheandhisteamexaminedallthedatafortheautumnandwinterof2008,theyfoundthatTwitterusers’collectivemoodswingscoincidedwithnationalevents.HappinessshotuparoundThanksgiving,forexample.

Theideaoftappingweb-baseddatatobuildareal-timemeasureofusers’emotionsandpreferenceisnotnew.Noristhatofusingtheresultstopredicttheirbehavior.Interestininternetforecastingwassparkedbyapaperpublishedin2009byHalVarian,Google’schiefeconomist.HefoundthatthepeaksandtroughsinthevolumeofGooglesearchesforcertainproducts,suchascarsandholidays,precededfluctuationsinsalesofthoseproducts.Otherresearchershaveshownthatsearchesforjob-relatedtermsareagoodpredictorofunemploymentratesandthatmentionsofpoliticalcandidatesonTwittercorrelatewithelectoraloutcomes.

Dr.Bollenspottedanothercuriouscorrelation.WhenhecomparedtrendsinthenationalmoodwithmovementsoftheDowJonesIndustrialAverage(DJIA)henoticedthatchangesinoneofthemoodmeasure’ssevencomponents,anxiety,predictedswingsintheshare-priceindex.Spikesinanxietylevelswerefollowed,aroundthreedayslater,bydipsinthepriceofshares.Whyhishappensremainsunclear,butonepossibleexplanationisthatthefallingpriceswerecausedbytraders’tendencytoexitriskypositionswhenfeelingstrungup.

Dr.Bollen’salgorithm,whichhedescribedinapaperpublishedinFebruaryintheJournalofComputationalScience,hasbeenlicensedtoDerwentCapitalMarkets,ahedgefundbasedinLondon.Derwentwilluseittohelpguidetheinvestmentsmadewitha￡25m($41m)fundthatthefirmhopestolaunchinthenextfewmonths.Otherfundsarerumouredtobeusingsimilartricksalready.

Allsuchinitiativesfaceaproblem,though.Humansexcelatextractingmeaningandsentimentfromeventhetiniestsnippetsoftext,ataskthatstumpsmachines.Toacomputer,atweetthatreads“Feelingjoyfulaftermytriptothedentist.Yeah,really”saysthattheauthorhasbeentothedentistandisnowhappy.Researchershaverecentlymadestridesinteachingmachinestorecognizesuchsarcasm,aswellasdoublemeaningsofculturalreferences.

16.WecaninferfromParagraph1that________.

17.BymentioningHalVarian,theauthorintendstostatethat________.

18.Share-pricegoesdownprobablybecauseof________.

19.Theunderlinedword“stump”refersto________.

20.Whatdoesthequotedcontentofthelastparagraphmeans?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Dr.Bollenhasexaminedalltheinternetdataof2008todothisresearch

B.tweetsofonepersonistotallyboring,eventohis/herfriends

C.oneTweeteruser’sfeelingcannotrepresentAmerica’scollectivemood

D.Tweeteruser’smoodinthesecondhalfof2008accordedwiththecountry’sevents

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.hisfindinghasarousedthinkingandresearchonpredictionsbasedonInternetdata

B.hisfindinghaspredictedtheincreaseofunemploymentrate

C.hisfindinghasforecastthepricefluctuationofcertainproducts

D.hisfindinghasbeenhighlyvaluedbybeingpublishedonnewspaper

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thehedgefunds’trickshavingbeenrevealed

B.people’sconcernaboutpoliticalelection

C.experts’predictionofswingsintheindex

D.people’stendencytoretreatinvestmentwhenanxious

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.need

B.puzzle

C.surpass

D.redefine

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thealgorithmofcomputersguidedsomefondcompanies’investment.

B.Machinescannottellthehiddenmeaningofpeople’swords.

C.Theslangaboutdentistconfusescomputers.

D.Peoplearegoodataanalyzingthemeaningandmoodofatext.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】16.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句Whenheandhisteamexaminedallthedatafortheautumnandwinterof2008,theyfoundthatTwitterusers’collectivemoodswingscoincidedwithnationalevents.（他和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)檢查了20