2022年考研考博-考博英語-黑龍江大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號90

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-黑龍江大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.翻譯題

Irememberafilm,Iforgetwhatitwascalled,inwhichfourpeoplewereinterrogatedaboutthecharacterandlife-styleofawomanwhohadbeenmurdered.Allofthemhadknownherwell,buttoeachofthem,shepresentedadifferentside.Themanwholovedhersawherasamusing,intelligentandextravagant.Thegirlwhohadbeenatschoolwithhersaidshewasreserved,slowtomakefriendsandinclinedtobemean.Herboss,forwhomsheworkedasasecretary,foundherhardworkingbutdull,thelastpersontoinspirepassion,letalonemurder.Herlandladysaidshewaseasytogetonwith,untidyandcarelessaboutmoney.“Ialwayshadtoremindheroftherent,”shesaid,“butIlikehershewasalwayscheerfulandwillingtolendahandifanyonewasintrouble”.Theinterestofthefilmwasnotsomuchinwhocommittedthemurder,butinhowitshowedthewayinwhichweallshowdifferentsidesofourselvestodifferentpeople.

【答案】我記得有這樣一部電影，我不記得它的名字了。講述的是四個人被詢問關(guān)于被謀殺者女性的性格和生活方式。這些人都很了解她，但是她對每個人展示了不同的一面。愛她的那個男人覺得她是一個有趣、聰明卻有點浪費的女孩。她同學覺得她是一個保守、不善交友，傾向于自私的人。她當秘書的那個老板覺得她雖然勤奮卻很沉悶，永遠不會活躍氣氛，更別說兇手會謀殺她了。她的房東卻說她很好相處，不修邊幅，不太在乎錢?！拔铱傄嵝阉环孔狻彼f道，“但是我很喜歡她。她總是那么歡樂，在別人有困難的時候總會伸出援手?！边@部電影有趣的地方不在于誰是行兇者，而在于我們都會在不同人面前展示不同的一面。

2.單選題

Maryonce___withanothermusiciantocomposeapieceofpopmusic.

問題1選項

A.merged

B.collaborated

C.coincided

D.constituted

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.merged（由指商業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)）合并；（使）融合，逐漸消失B.collaborated合作

C.coincided一致，符合；同時發(fā)生D.constituted組成

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】空格后有with表示和……一起，表伴隨。根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系，應該是二人合作一起創(chuàng)作音樂。B選項符合句意，正確。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】瑪麗有一次與另一位音樂家合作譜寫了一首流行樂曲。

3.單選題

Eventoday,acenturyafterPasteurdevelopedthefirstvaccine,rabiesalmostalwayskills（

）intheearlieststagesofthedisease.

問題1選項

A.itsvictimsunlessinoculated

B.thevictimsunlessthereisaninoculation

C.thevictimsunlessinoculated

D.itsvictimsunlesstheyareinoculated

【答案】B

【解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。unless后面接條件狀語從句，首先排除A、C項，句意要表達的是如果受害者能接種疫苗，而不是狂犬病被接種疫苗。句意：即使在今天，巴斯德開發(fā)出第一種疫苗后的一個世紀，狂犬病幾乎總能殺死受害者，除非在疾病的早期階段接種疫苗。故B項正確。

4.單選題

I’veheardthesaying,“Thebestgiftparentscanevergivetotheirchildrenistoloveeachother.”

I’vehadthepleasureofwitnessingthetruthofthisstatementforover40years.FromasfarbackasIcanremembermyMomandDadwereateam,agreatpartnership.Theyweremorethanjustapartnership.Itwasasiftheywereoneperson.

Sure,theyargued,buttherewasneveranydoubtinourmindsthatanydisagreementswouldbeworkedthroughandresolved.MomandDadbegantheirmarriedlifepoor,buttheyworkedhardand,overtheyears,builtaverysuccessfulbusiness.Theyeachhadtheirstrengthsandweaknesses,butthewaytheyworkedtogether,youneversawtheweaknesses,justthestrengths.

Dadwastheoutgoing,morepublicpersonwithwhompeoplemetandfellinlovewithrightaway.EveryoneknewDad!Then,whentheygottomeetMom,theyfelttheexactsamewayaboutheraswell.Mom,althoughnotatallshy,wasmorecomfortablebeingthepersonbehindthescenes.Moredetailoriented,sheranthebooksand,accordingtoDad,wastheonewhoreallymadethebusinesswork.

Thebiggestlessonaboutloveandmarriagethatmymomanddadtaughtuskidswashowtotalkaboutyourspouse.Haveyoueverheardhusbandsandwives,whenspeakingtoothers,makeunkindremarksabouttheirspouses?It’soneofthosethingspeoplejustseemtodo.Sure,they’re“onlykidding”ormaybetheyarenot.Butwordsmatter.Andwordsteach,whetherpositivelyornegatively.

Youwouldneverhearsuchathingfrommymomanddad.DadalwaysspeaksofMominthemostcomplimentary,glowingterms.Asdoessheofhim.Thislessonmadesuchanimpressiononme.IstillrememberwhenIwasage12andweweregettingcarpetinstalledinourhome.Thecrewbosswasoneofthosestereotypicalbeerguzzling,hard-livingguys,whowouldhaveprobablybelongedtoRalphKramden’sRaccoonLodgefromtheoldHoneymooner’sTVshow.Forlunch,myfolksboughtpizzaforthecrew.Dadwenttotalkwiththebossaboutthejob.Iwasaroundthecomerlistening.

Thebosssaid,“Thisisanexpensivejob.Womenwillreallyspendyourmoney,won’tthey?”Dadresponded,“Well,I’lltellyou,whentheywererighttherewithyoubeforeyouhadanymoney,it’sapleasuretodoanythingforthemyoupossiblycan.”

Thiswasn’ttheanswerthecarpetinstallerexpectedtohear.Hewaslookingfornegativebanteraboutwiveswhich,tohim,wasnatural.Hetriedagain:“But,gee,they’llreallyplayoffthatandspendalltheycan,won’tthey?”Dadreplied,asIknewhewould,“Hey,whenthey’rethereasonyou’resuccessful,youwantthemtodothethingstheyenjoy.There’snogreaterpleasure.”

Thecrewbosstriedonemoretime.Andthey’lltakethatasfarastheycan,huh?Dadresponded.“She’sthebestthingthateverhappenedtome.I’ddoanythingtomakeherhappy.”

Iwastryingnottolaugh.IknewhewantedDadtogiveinjustalittlebitandsay,“Yeah，Iguessthat’strue.Butitwouldn’thappen...notinamillionyears!”

Finally,theinstallergaveupandwentbacktowork,probablyshakinghisheadinbewilderment.Witnessingmydadinthatmomenttaughtmemoreaboutlovingandrespectingyourwifethananythinghecouldeverhavetoldmeaboutthesubject.

MomandDadarenowretiredandenjoyingtheirlifetogether,justhangingout,reading,andvisitingtheirchildrenandgrandchildren.Theyrecentlycelebratedtheir43rdweddinganniversary.Theystillholdhands,andtheyaremoreinlovethanever.Throughouttheyears,wheneverMomwouldremindmethatIshouldbelookingtogetmarried,I’dsay,“Ma,Ihaveplentyoftime.”She’djokinglyreplythatIdon’thave“that”muchtime.MyDadwouldthenlookatmeinthatwisdom-filled,citystreetsbredwayofhisandsay,“Hey,youtakeallthetimeyouneed.Ifyoumarrysomeonejusthalfthewomanyourmotheris,you’llhaveagreatlife.”Ishouldonlybesolucky.

1.Whataretheauthor’smother’scharacteristics?

2.Howdidtheauthor’sparentsteachhimthemostimportantthingaboutmarriage?

3.Whydidtheauthor’sfamilybuypizzaforthecrew?

4.Whichofthefollowingisleastlikelytobeacceptedbythiscrewboss?

5.Whatkindofimpactdidtheconversationbetweenhisfatherandtheinstallerhaveontheauthor?

問題1選項

A.Sheismorepublicanddetermined.

B.Sheismorepatientandcomfortable.

C.Sheismoreagreeableandpaysmoreattentiontodetails.

D.Sheisinchargeofaccountingandrunningthebusiness.

問題2選項

A.Theyeachhadtheirstrengthsandweaknesses,butthewaytheyworkedtogether,youonlysawthestrengths.

B.Theyworkedhardand,overtheyears,builtaveryprosperousbusiness.

C.MomandDadwereateam,agreatpartnership.

D.Theyalwaysspokeofeachotherinapositiveway.

問題3選項

A.Theywereputtingacarpetinplaceinourhome.

B.Myfatherhadsomethingtoaskfromthecrewhead.

C.ThecrewbosscamefromRalphKramden’sRaccoonLodge.

D.Thecrewbosswasastereotypicalbeerloving,hard-livingguy.

問題4選項

A.Womenwillsparenocostwhentheyjustwanttodoit.

B.Womengivefullplaytotherightsmengrantthem.

C.Womenarethepowerhousebehindmensuccessstory.

D.Womenaretheruinofmen.

問題5選項

A.Menshouldloveandrespecttheirwives.

B.It’simmoraltospeakillofsomeonewithouttheperson’spresence.

C.Achildshouldlearntoprotectpatents’goodimages.

D.Weshouldvaluethedayswespendtogetherwithourspouses.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由第四段“Mom,althoughnotatallshy,wasmorecomfortablebeingthepersonbehindthescenes.Moredetailoriented,sheranthebooksand,accordingtoDad,wastheonewhoreallymadethebusinesswork.媽媽，雖然一點也不害羞，但做一個幕后的人更舒服。她更注重細節(jié)，經(jīng)營賬本，據(jù)父親說，她是真正讓生意運轉(zhuǎn)起來的人?！笨芍狢項“她更和藹可親，注重細節(jié)”正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由第五段“Thebiggestlessonaboutloveandmarriagethatmymomanddadtaughtuskidswashowtotalkaboutyourspouse.我父母教給我們孩子關(guān)于愛情和婚姻的最重要的一課就是如何談論你的配偶?！币约暗诹巍癥ouwouldneverhearsuchathingfrommymomanddad.DadalwaysspeaksofMominthemostcomplimentary,glowingterms.Asdoessheofhim.你永遠不會從我父母那里聽到這樣的事情。爸爸總是用最贊美、最熱烈的語言談論媽媽。她對他也一樣?！笨芍髡叩母改缚偸菍ν馊嘶ハ噘澝缹Ψ?。故D項正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由第六段“IstillrememberwhenIwasage12andweweregettingcarpetinstalledinourhome.我還記得我12歲的時候，我們家正在鋪地毯?！笨芍狝項正確。

4.推理判斷題。由父親與工人的談話可知，工人認為女人只會花錢，對女人是持貶低的態(tài)度。A項“女人只要想做就會不惜任何代價”；B項“婦女充分發(fā)揮了男人賦予她們的權(quán)利”；C項“女人是男人成功故事背后的動力”；D項“女人是男人的禍根”?？芍狢項工人最不可能接受。

5.推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段“Witnessingmydadinthatmomenttaughtmemoreaboutlovingandrespectingyourwifethananythinghecouldeverhavetoldmeaboutthesubject.在那一刻，我的父親教會了我愛和尊重你的妻子，這比他告訴我的任何事情都要多?！笨芍狝項“男人應該愛和尊敬他們的妻子”正確。

5.單選題

Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadsarebecominghorrible.Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenbecomemonstersbehindthewheel.Itisallverywell,again,tohaveatigerinthetank,buttohaveoneinthedriver’sseatisanothermatteraltogether.Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog,therudeandinconsideratedriver,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.Perhapsthesituationcallsfora“BeKindtoOtherDrivers”campaign,otherwiseitmaygetcompletelyoutofhand.

Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo.Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehavior.Ontheotherhand,alittlepolitenessgoesalongwaytowardsrelievingthetensionsofmotoring.Afriendlynodorawaveofacknowledgementinresponsetoanactofpolitenesshelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmoderntrafficconditions.Butsuchacknowledgementsofpolitenessarealltooraretoday.Manydriversnowadaysdon’tevenseemabletorecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit.

However,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.Typicalexamplesarethedriverwhobrakesviolentlytoallowacartoemergefromasidestreetatsomehazardtofollowingtraffic,whenafewsecondslatertheroadwouldbeclearanyway;orthemanwhowavesachildacrossazebracrossingintothepartofoncomingvehiclesthatmaybeunabletostopintime.Thesamegoesforencouragingoldladiestocrosstheroadwhereverandwhenevertheycareto.Italwaysamazesmethatthehighwaysarenotcoveredwiththedeadbodiesofthesegrannies.

Aveterandriver,whosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelpifmotoristslearnttofiltercorrectlyintotrafficstreamsonceatatimewithoutcausingthetotalblockagesthatgiverisetobadtemper.Unfortunately,modernmotoristscan’tevenlearntodrive,letalonemasterthesubtleraspectsofroadsmanship.Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecar-owner-shipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregive-and-takefromallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart.

1.Accordingtothispassage,troublesontheroadareprimarilycausedby（

）.

2.Thesentence“Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog,therule...”(Paral)impliesthat（

）.

3.By“goodsense”(Line1,Para2),thewritermeans（

）.

4.Expertshavelongpointedoutthatinthefaceofcar-ownershipexplosion,（

）.

5.Inthewriter’sopinion（

）.

問題1選項

A.people’sattitudetowardstheroad-hog

B.therhythmofmodernlife

C.thebehaviorofthedriver

D.trafficconditions

問題2選項

A.oursocietyisunjusttowardswell-manneredmotorists

B.rudedriverscanbemetonlyoccasionally

C.thewell-manneredmotoristcannottoleratetheroad-hog

D.nowadaysimpolitedriversconstitutethemajorityofmotorists

問題3選項

A.thedriver’sabilitytounderstandandreactreasonably

B.thedriver’spromptresponsetodifficultandsevereconditions

C.thedriver’stoleranceofrudeorevensavagebehavior

D.thedriver’sacknowledgementofpolitenessandregulations

問題4選項

A.roadusersshouldmakemoresacrifice

B.driversshouldbereadytoyieldtoeachother

C.driversshouldhavemorecommunicationamongthemselves

D.driverswillsuffergreatlossiftheypaynorespecttoothers

問題5選項

A.stricttrafficregulationsarebadlyneeded

B.driversshouldapplyroadpolitenessproperly

C.rudedriversshouldbepunished

D.driversshouldavoidtrafficjams

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。文章第一句指出“Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlife（把問題歸咎于交通堵塞、汽油價格和現(xiàn)代生活的快節(jié)奏是很好的）”，但后面有一個轉(zhuǎn)折詞but引出重要的原因，“butmannersontheroadsarebecominghorrible（但道路上的禮節(jié)問題正變得恐怖）”。因此C項“司機的行為”正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位至第一段“Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog,therudeandinconsideratedriver,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule（你可以容忍古怪、粗魯、不體諒人的司機，但現(xiàn)今彬彬有禮的司機卻實屬罕見）”，由此推斷，D項“現(xiàn)在不禮貌的司機占大多數(shù)”正確。

3.語義題。由題干定位至第二段第一句“Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo（道路上的禮節(jié)不僅僅是禮貌，也是一種良好的意識）”。后面具體說到“Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriversto…h(huán)elpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmodemtrafficconditions（只有頭腦冷靜、脾氣溫和的司機在遇到不文明的行為時，才能抵制進行報復的誘惑。另一方面，禮貌可以緩和開車時的緊張氣氛。接著，又具體地說明對別人禮貌的行為，如友好地點頭或擺手示意有利于創(chuàng)造出一種友好和寬容的氛圍）”。因此，“goodsense”指司機不僅自己禮貌，而且對別人的禮貌做出反應，故選A項“司機的正確理解能力和理智地做出反應的能力”。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位至最后一段“Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecarownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregiveandtakefromallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart（幾年前，專家警告我們，汽車擁有量的突增要求所有馬路使用者的互諒互讓。現(xiàn)在是我們大家把這一信息牢記在心的時候了）”。因此B項“司機們應該準備好互相謙讓”正確。

5.判斷推理題。文章第三段指出“However,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous（然而，不適當?shù)牡缆防斫饪赡苁俏ｋU的）”。緊接著作者舉了一些例子來說明。也就是說，司機們不僅要注意道路上的禮節(jié)問題，還要注意禮貌行為是否適時適當。否則可能反而會有危險的后果。因此，B項“司機的禮貌行為應當適當”正確。

6.單選題

Manynovelsthatattempttomirrortheworldarereally___oftherealitythattheyrepresent.

問題1選項

A.reflections

B.demonstrations

C.illuminations

D.reproductions

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.reflections反映；反響B(tài).demonstrations示范；展示

C.illuminations啟發(fā)；闡釋D.reproductions復制；復制品

【考查點】近義詞辨析。

【解題思路】句中mirror在這里表示反映的意思，that引導一個定語從句修飾novel，在這里表示嘗試反映世界的小說?？崭窈蠼觨f，of短語做后置定語。主句為novelsare+空格處名詞?？崭裉帒撎钜粋€與mirror相似的單詞，表示反映的意思。A選項reflection符合句意。

【干擾項排除】

B選項demonstration表示清楚細致地展示；

C選項illumination指某物能夠被理解；

D選項reproduction表示復制出與原物相似的物品。

【句意】許多試圖反映世界的小說實際上反映了它們所代表的現(xiàn)實。

7.翻譯題

從一定角度上看，教育的目的實質(zhì)上就是通過生存知識的獲得和生存能力的提高而使受教育者為未來的生活做好準備；而社會教育就是通過社會方式來實現(xiàn)這一目的。對于任何人來說，生活可以有兩個目標：一是達到或維持基本的生存水平，二是提高到更高層次。為達到這兩個目標——其實生活中它們是融合在一起的，一般不會有人把兩者割裂開來——任何時代、任何區(qū)域和社會階層都會對作為社會成員生活在這一時空與社會交叉點上的人有一個基本或起碼的知識和能力客觀要求。

【答案】Fromacertainpointofview,thepurposeofeducationistomaketheeducatedprepareforthefuturelifethroughtheacquisitionofsurvivalknowledgeandtheimprovementofsurvivalability.Socialeducationistoachievethisgoalthroughsocialmeans.Foranyone,lifecanhavetwogoals.Oneistoachieveormaintainabasiclevelofsurvival,andtheotheristoimprovetoahigherlevel.Inordertoachievethesetwogoals—infact,theyareintegratedinlife,andgenerallynoonewillcutthemapart—anyera,anyregionandsocialclasswillhaveabasicorminimumobjectiverequirementofknowledgeandabilityforpeoplelivingattheintersectionoftime,spaceandsocietyasmembersofthesociety.

8.單選題

Attheheartofthedebateoverillegalimmigrationliesonekeyquestion:“Areimmigrantsgoodorbadfortheeconomy?”TheAmericanpublicoverwhelminglythinksthey’rebad.Yettheconsensusamongmosteconomistsisthatimmigration,bothlegalandillegal,providesasmallnetboosttotheeconomy.Immigrantsprovidecheaplabor,lowerthepricesofeverythingfromfarmproducetonewhomes,andleaveconsumerswithalittlemoremoneyintheirpockets.Sowhyistheresuchadiscrepancybetweentheperceptionofimmigrants’impactontheeconomyandthereality?

Thereareanumberoffamiliartheories.Somearguethatpeopleareanxiousandfeelthreatenedbyaninflowofnewworkers.Othershighlightthestressthatundocumentedimmigrantsplaceonpublicservices,likeschools,hospitals,andjails.Stillothersemphasizetheroleofrace,arguingthatforeignersaddtothenation’sfearsandinsecurities.There’ssometruthtoalltheseexplanations,buttheyaren’tquitesufficient.

Togetabetterunderstandingofwhat’sgoingon,considerthewayimmigration’simpactisfelt.Thoughitsoveralleffectmaybepositive,itscostsandbenefitsaredistributedunevenly.DavidCard,aneconomistatUCBerkeley,notesthattheoneswhoprofitmostdirectlyfromimmigrants'low-costlaborarebusinessesandemployers—meatpackingplantsinNebraska,forinstance,oragriculturalbusinessesinCalifornia.Granted,theseproducers’savingsprobablytranslateintolowerpricesatthegrocerystore,buthowmanyconsumersmakethatmentalconnectionatthecheckoutcounter?Asforthedrawbacksofillegalimmigration,these,too,areconcentrated.Nativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromthecompetitionofforeignlabor.AccordingtoastudybyGeorgeBorjas,aHarvardeconomist,immigrationreducedthewagesofAmericanhigh-schooldropoutsby9%from1980to2000.

Amonghigh-skilled,better-educatedemployees,however,oppositionwasstrongestinstateswithbothhighnumbersofimmigrantsandrelativelygeneroussocialservices.Whatworriedthemmost,inotherwords,wasthefiscalburdenofimmigration.Thatconclusionwasreinforcedbyanotherfinding:thattheiroppositionappearedtosoftenwhenthatfiscalburdendecreased,asoccurredwithwelfarereforminthe1990s,whichcurbedimmigrants’accesstocertainbenefits.

Theironyisthatforalltheoverexciteddebate,theneteffectofimmigrationisminimal.Evenforthosemostacutelyaffected—say,low-skilledworkers,orCaliforniaresidents—theimpactisn’tallthatdramatic.“Theunpleasantvoiceshavetendedtodominateourperceptions,saysDanielTichenor,apoliticalscienceprofessorattheUniversityofOregon.“Butwhenallthosefactorsareputtogetherandtheeconomistscalculatethenumbers,itendsupbeinganetpositive,butasmallone.”Toobadmostpeopledon’trealizeit.

1.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

2.InwhatwaydoestheauthorthinkordinaryAmericansbenefitfromimmigration?

3.Whydonativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromillegalimmigration?

4.Whatisthechiefconcernofnativehigh-skilled,better-educatedemployeesabouttheinflowofimmigrants?

5.Whatistheironyaboutthedebatedoverimmigration?

問題1選項

A.Whetherimmigrantsaregoodorbadfortheeconomyhasbeenpuzzlingeconomists.

B.TheAmericaneconomyusedtothriveonimmigrationbutnowit’sadifferentstory.

C.Theconsensusamongeconomistsisthatimmigrationshouldnotbeencouraged.

D.Thegeneralpublicthinksdifferentlyfrommosteconomistsontheimpactofimmigration.

問題2選項

A.Theycanaccessallkindsofpublicservices.

B.Theycangetconsumergoodsatlowerprices.

C.Theycanmixwithpeopleofdifferentcultures.

D.Theycanavoiddoingmuchofthemanuallabor.

問題3選項

A.Theyhavegreaterdifficultygettingwelfaresupport.

B.Theyaremorelikelytoencounterinterracialconflicts.

C.Theyhaveahardertimegettingajobwithdecentpay.

D.Theyarenomatchforillegalimmigrantsinlaborskills.

問題4選項

A.Itmaychangetheexistingsocialstructure.

B.Itmayposeathreattotheireconomicstatus.

C.Itmayleadtosocialinstabilityinthecountry.

D.Itmayplaceagreatstrainonthestatebudge.

問題5選項

A.Eveneconomistscan’treachaconsensusaboutitsimpact.

B.Thosewhoareopposedtoitturnouttobenefitmostfromit.

C.Peoplearemakingtoobigafussaboutsomethingofsmallimpact.

D.Thereisnoessentialdifferencebetweenseeminglyoppositeopinions.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第一段“TheAmericanpublicoverwhelminglythinksthey’rebad.Yettheconsensusamongmosteconomistsisthatimmigration,bothlegalandillegal,providesasmallnetboosttotheeconomy.絕大多數(shù)美國民眾認為移民是有害的。然而，大多數(shù)經(jīng)濟學家的共識是，無論是合法的還是非法的移民，都對經(jīng)濟有小小的促進作用?！笨芍娕c經(jīng)濟學家就移民是好還是壞有不同的看法。故D項正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由第一段“Immigrantsprovidecheaplabor,lowerthepricesofeverythingfromfarmproducetonewhomes，andleaveconsumerswithalittlemoremoneyintheirpockets.移民提供了廉價的勞動力，降低了從農(nóng)產(chǎn)品到新住房等一切商品的價格，讓消費者口袋里多了一些錢?！笨芍泼窠o普通美國人帶來的好處是：降低了物價，使他們手中能有多一些錢。故B項正確。

3.推理判斷題.由題干關(guān)鍵詞“nativelow-skilledworkers”定位到第三段倒數(shù)一、二句“Nativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromthecompetitionofforeignlabor.AccordingtoastudybyGeorgeBorjas,aHarvardeconomist,immigrationreducedthewagesofAmericanhigh-schooldropoutsby9%from1980to2000.本地的低技能工人在與外國勞工的競爭中受害最深。根據(jù)哈佛大學經(jīng)濟學家GeorgeBorjas的一項研究，從1980年到2000年，移民使美國高中輟學生的工資下降了9%?！笨芍狢項“他們很難找到一份薪水體面的工作”正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。由第四段“Whatworriedthemmost,inotherwords,wasthefiscalburdenofimmigration.換句話說，他們最擔心的是移民帶來的財政負擔?！笨芍狣項“它會給國家預算帶來很大壓力”正確。

5.細節(jié)事實題。由最后一段“Theironyisthatforalltheoverexciteddebate,theneteffectofimmigrationisminimal.Evenforthosemostacutelyaffected—say,low-skilledworkers,orCaliforniaresidents—theimpactisn’tallthatdramatic.具有諷刺意味的是，盡管所有的爭論都過于激烈，移民的凈影響卻微乎其微。即使對那些受影響最嚴重的人——比如，低技能工人或加州居民——影響也不那么顯著?！笨芍狢項“人們對影響不大的事情大驚小怪”正確，即人們對于移民的影響過于大驚小怪。

9.翻譯題

TheclimateofAustraliavariesgreatlyfromregiontoregion,withatropicalclimateinthenorth,anaridorsemiaridclimateinmuchoftheinterior,andatemperateclimateinthesouth.Despitethesevariations,themoderatinginfluenceofthesurroundingoceansandtheabsenceofextensivehighmountainrangeshelppreventmarkedextremesofweather.However,someareasoccasionallyexperienceextremeweatherconditions,suchastropicalcyclones,tornadoes,andseveredrought.

BecauseAustraliaisintheSouthernHemisphere,itsseasonsarethereverseofthoseintheNorthernHemisphere.Seasonalvariations,onthewhole,aresmall.Generally,coastalandhighlandareas,especiallyinthesoutheast,arecoolerthaninteriorlocations,andthenorth,particularlythenorthwesterncoast,isthehottestregion.ThetemperateregionsofsouthernAustraliahavefourseasons,withcoolwintersandwarmsummers.

【答案】澳大利亞的氣候因地區(qū)而異，北部為熱帶氣候，內(nèi)陸大部分地區(qū)為干旱或半干旱氣候，南部為溫和氣候。盡管有這些變化，但周圍海洋的緩和影響和沒有廣泛的高山山脈有助于防止明顯的極端天氣。然而，一些地區(qū)偶爾會經(jīng)歷極端天氣條件，如熱帶氣旋、龍卷風和嚴重干旱。

因為澳大利亞在南半球，它的季節(jié)與北半球相反?？偟膩碚f，季節(jié)變化很小。一般來說，沿海和高原地區(qū)，尤其是東南部，比內(nèi)陸地區(qū)涼爽，而北部，尤其是西北海岸，是最熱的地區(qū)。澳大利亞南部的溫帶地區(qū)四季分明，冬冷夏暖。

10.單選題

Sinceyouareunhappywiththisjob,Irecommendthatyou___assoonaspossible.

問題1選項

A.resigned

B.willresign

C.couldresign

D.resign

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.resigned辭職B.willresign辭職

C.couldresign辭職D.resign辭職

【考查點】固定搭配。

【解題思路】這里考查recommend的用法。sb.recommendthatsb.(should)dosth.表示建議某人做某事。這里的should可以省略。因此D選項resign正確。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項搭配錯誤。

【句意】既然你對這份工作不滿意，我建議你盡快辭職。

11.單選題

BarbaraStrozziwasasingerandcomposerofmadrigalsariasandcantataspublishedinVenicebetween1644and1664.Heruseofthesevocalformsplacesherdirectlywithinthecantatatraditionofthemid-seventeenthcentury,alongwithsuchmayorfigureasRossi,Carissimi,andCesti.WiththenotableexceptionofFrancescaCaccioi(1587-1640),sheistheonlyknownwomanamongthemanyariaandcantatacomposersofseventeenth-centuryItaly,andis,presumably,amongtheveryfewwomenoftheperiodtohavepursuedacareerasacomposerandtohaveachievedsomemeasureofpublicrecognition.

Thishistoricaldistinctionattractedattentiontoherworksearlyinthepresentcentury,evenwhenthemusicofmostofhermalecontemporaries,and,indeed,mostwomencomposersofanyera,remainedrelativelyignored.Butappreciationofherstylewaslimitedbyprevailingconventiontoanisolationofitssupposedlyfemininequalities:“greatspontaneity,exquisitegrace,marvelouslyfinetaste.”Suchanappreciationnowappearsirrelevantaswellaspolemicalinitsincompletenessbecauseweareinabetterposition-withregardtobothhistoricalknowledgeandsocialawareness-toattemptamorepreciseevaluationforasomewhatanomalous(unusual)figurelikeBarbaraStrozzi.

Bornin1619inVenice,shegrewupinthehomeofGiulioStrozzi,arenownedpoetandleadingfigureamongVenetianintellectuals.Barbara’spresenceinGiulio’shouseholdguaranteedheranearlyandfullexposuretoVenetianmusicalandliterarysociety.Indeed,shewasabletoenteraworldthatwas,apparently,closedtoothermembersofhersex.Similarly,FrancescaCaccini,themostprominentandsuccessfulItalianwomancomposeroftheperiod,wasthedaughterofprofessionmusiciansandthereforeexposedtomusicfrominfancy.Thisparallelsuggeststhatsuchanenvironmentmayhavebeenessentialforthedevelopmentofafemalecomposer.

1.Accordingtothepassage,BarbaraStrozzi’smusicattractedattentionearlyinthetwentiethcenturybecauseof（

）.

2.Theauthor’suseoftheword“supposedly”(line4,Para.2)implieswhichofthefollowing?

3.TheauthorofthepassagebasesherassertionthatStrozziisoneoftheveryfewseventeenth-centuryItalianwomencomposersonwhichofthefollowingassumptions?

4.TheauthorofthepassageimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingwasmostessentialtothesuccessofbothFrancescaCacciniandBarbaraStrozzi?

5.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatallofthefollowingmadeBarbaraStrozzi“asomewhatanomalousfigure”EXCEPT（

）.

問題1選項

A.itsuniquelyprivatecharacter

B.itsinfluenceonFrancescaCaccini

C.thescarcityofseventeenth-centurywomencomposers

D.theunconventionalityofitsforms

問題2選項

A.Theauthordoubtsthehistoricalauthenticityofthequotationthatfollows.

B.Theauthordoubtstheaccuracyofthefactssheisreporting.

C.Theauthordisagreeswiththejudgmentsheisdiscussing.

D.TheauthordoesnotbelievethatStrozzi9smusichasthequalitiescitedinthequotation.

問題3選項

A.Publicrecognitionisanindispensablepartofacareerasacomposer.

B.StrozziandCacciniwereinfluencedbythesamecomposers.

C.Themusicofanywomancomposerwhomherseventeenth-centurycontemporariesregardedasnoteworthywouldbeknowntomodemscholars.

D.Thecantatatraditionofthemed-seventeenthcenturyincludescomposersscholarsandperformersofmadrigalsandariasaswellascantatas.

問題4選項

A.TheirpresenceinVeniceatatimewhenvocalmusicnourished.

B.Theirearlyfirsthandexposuretomusicandmusicians.

C.Thelackofcompetitionfromothercomposers.

D.Thepopularityofmadrigalsandcantatasinseventeenth-centuryItaly.

問題5選項

A.shewasawomancomposerduringtheseventeenthcentury

B.shedidnotwritedramaticworksforvoice

C.shedidnotperformoperaticworks

D.shewrotemovingvocalworks