大學(xué)英語六級考試模擬試卷八十四（帶答案）

大學(xué)英語六級考試模擬試卷八十四（總分：7UJ.Q0，做題時間：13。分鐘）PartIWriting（總題數(shù)：1,分數(shù)：。。0）LDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaybyreferringtothesaying"StormsmaketreestakedeeperrootsJ'Youcangiveexamplestoillustrateyourpoint.Youarerequiredtowriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.（分數(shù)：106.50）Allinall,justlikethedeeper-rootedtrees,weshouldstanduptolife'schallengeswithdetermination,wisdomandperseverance,andlearntogaingreaterrootingpowertosurviveandthriveindifficulties.末段以一個長句總結(jié)個人觀點，進一步強化主題。"參考譯文］逆境的意義重大。正如一句格言所說，“樹木在風(fēng)暴中將根扎得更深?！边@句話雖然簡短，卻引人深思。眾所周知，在面對風(fēng)暴時，為了保持挺立而不被吹倒或連根拔起，樹木必須更加深深地扎根；同時，只有經(jīng)歷不利的自然條件，樹木才能從土壤里吸取更多的養(yǎng)分，長得更茁壯，為面對將來的挑戰(zhàn)做好準備。磨難對于人就像風(fēng)暴對于樹一樣。維克多?雨果認為逆境造就人才，而我心目中最好的例了之一毫無疑問是貝多芬。他失去了愛情，遭受了經(jīng)濟災(zāi)難和對一個音樂家來說最致命的一一耳聾。我們欽佩貝多芬克服所有困難的毅力一一誰能否認正是苦難使他的音樂充滿令人振奮的力量?毋庸置疑的是，生活不可能i帆風(fēng)順，所以重要的是我們要有勇氣去面對困難，并使自己變得更強?？傊拖裆钌钤臉湟粯?，我們應(yīng)該以決心、智慧和毅力去面對生活的挑戰(zhàn)，并學(xué)會獲得更強的扎根能力以在困境中頑強生存和成長。PartIIListeningComprehension（總題數(shù)：0,分數(shù)：0.00）SectionA（總題數(shù)；8,分數(shù)：0.00）.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard*（分數(shù)：28.40）A.Toapplyforastudentloan.Todiscussadecisionhehastomake,JCJoaskforaletterofrecommendation.D.Tofindoutwhichcollegesacceptedhim.解析：［聽力原文］W:Hello,John.Whatbroughtyouhere?Well,youmustbepleased.Afterall,howmanystudentsareluckyenoughtohavebeenacceptedattheirfirstandtheirsecondchoices?M:NotmanyIknow.ButI'mnotsureyetwhichonetochoose.W:Well,youseemtohavedoubtsaboutthestateuniversity.Butitsbiologydepartmenthasafinereputation.Whatmorecouldabiologymajorwant?M:Yeah.Andtheyalsohaveinternshipsforseniors.Butafriendtoldmethatforthefirsttwoyearssomelectureshave150students.Youprobablywouldn'tgettoknowanyofyourteachers.W:Well,youmightactually.Theyalsohavesmalldiscussionsectionswhichmeettwiceaweekandhavenomorethantwentystudents.M:Iknow.Buttheyareusuallytaughtbygraduatestudents*AtWhiteStoneCollegeallclassesaretaughtbyprofessors.W:DoyoupreferasmalltownlikeWhiteStone?Orabiggerplacelikethestatecapital?M:Thatdoesn'tmattertome.WhatIdocareaboutisgettingindividualattentionfromthefacultyandmakingfriends.W:Look,I'veknownyouforfouryearsnowandyouseemtobeaprettyoutgoingperson,Idon'tthinkyouhaveanytroublemakingfriendsatthestateuniversity.ItsoundstomethatyouareleaningtowardWhiteStone,though?M:Iam.TheonlyproblemisthattheWhiteStone'stuitionisreallyhighandI'mnotsureIcanaffordit.W:Youcouldstillapplyforastudentloanorsignupforawork-studyprogram,M:Yeah.I'lllookintothat.Whydidthemangotoseethewoman?四項均為不定式短語，很可能是考查目的；從studentloanswhichcollegesacceptedhim等可大致推測對話可能與男士入學(xué)的問題有關(guān)口從女士前幾句話中可得知男士被他第一志愿和第二志愿的學(xué)校同時錄取了，但男士說他還沒決定選擇哪所學(xué)校，整個對話圍繞選擇學(xué)校展開，因此可以推斷男士去找女士的目的是討論選擇學(xué)校的問題，故選土.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard,5.（分數(shù)；28.40）Studying.Preparingsnacks.Playingcards.V□.Learninghowtoplaybridge,解析：［聽力原文］W:Thisfoodisterrible!Ican'tevenfinishmydinner.M:Iknow.Youthinkwithallthemoneywepaidforroomandboard,theuniversitycouldhireabetterfoodservice.Whereareyouheadingnext?W:I'mgoingovertothestudentrecreationcentertoplaysomebridge.M:Youarespendingyourtimeonacardgame?W:Notjustanycardgame.It'soneofthemoststrategicgames.M:SoIhaveheard.Don'tyouplaywithapartner?W:Yeah!Fourpeopleplay,twoagainsttheothertwo.M:So,youtrytoplayincooperationwithyourpartner?W:Actually,thecardsofoneofthefourplaysareturnedfaceup.Thatplayeriscalledthedummy.M:Iwouldn'twanttobecalledthat.Whenyouarethedummy,whatdoyoudowhilethecardsarebeingplayed?W:Anythingyouwant.Sitthereandstudy,getsnacksforeveryone...Iliketostandbehindmypartnerandwatch,M:Youknow,I'veheardthatbridgeishabit-forming.Youshouldbecarefulnottoplaysomuchthatyoudon'tgetyourstudyingdone,W:Don'tworryaboutme.IonlyplayThursdaysafterdinner,andsometimeswhentheyneedafourthplayer.Ifyoulike,Icouldteachyou,M:Thanks,butIhaveaprettyheavyworkloadthissemester.IalreadyspendmyeveningsdoingthingsIdon'treallyknowhowtodoyet.Howdoesthewomanplantospendherevening?四項均為動名詞短語，表示做某事。是學(xué)習(xí)、準備點心、玩牌還是學(xué)習(xí)玩橋牌需視具體內(nèi)容而定。男士問女士接下來去哪里，女士說去學(xué)生娛樂中心玩橋牌，故選C。SectionB（總題數(shù)：7,分數(shù)：0.00）,Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.1.（分數(shù)，2130）A.Ioreviewmaterialcoveredinanearlierlecture.Tochangestudents'approachtowriting.VTopointoutanexampleofgoodwriting*Togiveanassignmentforthenextclass.解析：［聽力原文］Bytheendoftheterm,IhopeyouwillbeconvincedasIamthatformalwritingalwaysrequiresrevision*Sometimesitrequiresafairlymajorrewritingofthepaper.Somestudentshavethemistakenideathatrevisionmeanssimplymakingcorrectionsinspellingandgrammar.Icallthatproofreading.WhatIexpectyoutodowithyourreviseistoevaluateandimprovetheoveralleffectivenessofyourpaper.Buthowcanyoutellifyourpaperiseffective?Wellforexample,startbyaskingyourselfthesequestions:Isthetopicrestrictedenoughtobefullydiscussedwithinthegivenlength?Arethemainideasclear?Aretheysupportedbyspecificdetailsandexamples?Dotheymovesmoothlyfromoneideatothenext?Youneedenoughtimeforapossiblemajoroverhaul.ThatisyoumayhavetomakealotofchangesbeforeyourpaperbecomesreallycleartothereaderSoI'llexpectapreliminarydraftofeachpapertwoweeksbeforethefinalduedate.ThatwayIcancriticizeitandgetitbackintimeforyoutoreviseit.Thenyoucansubmitafinaldraftforgrading.Thisprocessmayseemlikeagreatdealoftroubleatfirst,butIthinkyou'llfinditvaluable.Infact,afteryoufinishthiscourse,Idoubtthatyouwilleverturninatermpaperwithoutfirstrevisingitcarefully.Whatisthepurposeofthetalk?快速瀏覽本部分所有選項，由其IJ的關(guān)鍵詞writing、students>correctmistakes等可大致推斷，錄音內(nèi)容可能與學(xué)生寫作有關(guān)，因此需要重點關(guān)注相關(guān)內(nèi)容。L四項均為不定式短語，衣示目的。兩項提到writing,考查內(nèi)容可能與寫作有關(guān)。結(jié)論：本題應(yīng)該是考查目的，內(nèi)容可能與寫作有關(guān)。本題考查聽力短文的主旨。開頭處說話人希望學(xué)生相信正式寫作是需要校正、修改的，有些學(xué)生錯誤地認為修改就是簡單地修改拼寫和語法方面的錯誤，但說話人要求的修改是評估并改進文章整體的效果。后面說話人又介紹了如何修改文章，因此說話人的目的是想改變學(xué)生的寫作方式，故答案為,Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.（分數(shù)：28.40）Milderweatherinrecentyears,Anincreaseingasolineprices.CXonstructionofbicyclepaths,Theinventionofsturdybicycles.V解析：［聽力原文］Tenyearsago,thestrangecyclistspromotingenergeticallythroughthefirstsnowstormoftheyearwasararesightoftencapturedinfilms.Today,howeveritisestimatedthatfourtofivepercentofcyclistsbicycleayearround.Theincreasedpopularityofwintercyclingcanbeattributedtothecreationofthemountainbikeanditssubsequentimitations,outfittedwithpartsmoresturdythanthoseofyesterday.Equippedwiththeirmorestablebicycles,nothingseemstostopthenewbreedofwintercyclists.Withstreetsdryandclearonmostwinterdays,manywintercyclistswearrunningshoesandprotectthemselvesfromcoldbywearingdown-hillskiingclothes.Onwetdayscyclistscanwearspecialwater-proofbootsovertheirshoes.Butforallofitspopularity,thereisadownsidetowintercycling.Evenmountainbikescan'twithstandwintersnowandrainwithoutextensivemaintenance.Butonebicyclestoreownerisinthefinalstagesofdevelopingayear-roundbicyclewithinnovatedcompletechaincover.Withbicyclechainscovered,cyclistswouldneedtocleanandoiltheirchainsonlyonceeverysixmonthsinsteadofonceaweek.Despiteherinvention,however,shestilladvisescycliststotakeataxiorbuswhenitissnowingheavily,notbecausetheconditionsaretootoughforbicyclesbutbecauseshebelievesbikerscan'thaveconfidenceinthepeoplewhodrivecarsondaysofreducedvisibility.Accordingtothespeaker,whathasencouragedmorepeopletocycleinwinter?快速瀏覽本部分所有選項，出現(xiàn)最多的是bicycle,可大致推斷錄音內(nèi)容應(yīng)該與自行車有關(guān)，因此需要重點關(guān)注相關(guān)內(nèi)容。兩項與自行車相關(guān)（自行車道的建設(shè)、結(jié)實的自行車的發(fā)明），另外兩項（近些年的溫和天氣、汽油價格的上升）與自行車無直接聯(lián)系，有效信息不太明確，這時解題的關(guān)鍵就是準確把握錄音口錄音開頭說，十年前奇怪的騎車人賣力地騎著自行車在第一場暴風(fēng)雪中前行的場景是很少見的，只有在電影里才經(jīng)常看到口而現(xiàn)在預(yù)計有4%?5%的人整年都騎自行車。冬季騎車的愈加流行可能是因為山地車和后續(xù)配備了比以前更結(jié)實的零件的自行車的發(fā)明，因此答案為D。SectionC（總題數(shù)］10,分數(shù)：0.00）.Questions16to19arebasedontherecordingyonhavejustheard.（分數(shù)；56,80）Whentheygrowupinaparticularsetofsurroundings.Whentheytraveltoanothercountrythatthey'renotfamiliarwith,dWhentheybecometotallydependentontherulesoftheirsocialgroup.Whentheystarttolearnaforeignlanguage.解析：［聽力原文］Thesubjectoftoday'slectureiscultureshock:grouppressureinaction.Cultureshock,asyouknow,isthetermusedtodescribetheexperiencemanypeoplehavewhentheytraveltoanothercountry,anditcanbeseenasamanifestationofgrouppressureinaction.Itisagoodexampleofgrouppressure,becauseitshowswhathappenswhenanindividualsuddenlyexperiencesdifferentculturerules,therulesofanotherculturalgroup.Nowcultureshockisacomplexphenomenon,andtherearedifferentstagesofthisexperience.Infact,cross-culturalstudiesoncultureshockhaveimmensepracticalvalueformodernsociety.InthislectureI'mgoingtofocusonthereasonswhypeopleexperiencecultureshock.Whydopeopleexperiencecultureshock?Thinkaboutthisforaminute.Whenyougrowupinaparticularsetofsurroundings,naturallyyougetusedtotherulesandguidelinesthatgovernthebehaviorofthepeoplearoundyou.Inasense,youbecometotallydependentontherulesofyoursocialgroup.Youdon'ttendtoquestionthem;youjustacceptthemwithoutthinking.Theserulesareoftennotclearlyarticulated,andtherefore,you'renotawareoftheirimpact.Inotherwords,youarenotnecessarilyconsciousofthem.Theyonlybecomeimportantwhen,forexample,yougotoanothercountryoradifferentenvironmentthat'sgovernedbyadifferentsetofrules.Infact,thisexperiencecanbesoshockingthatithasbeencomparedtohavingabucketofcoldwaterthrownoveryon.Cultureshockhappenspreciselybecauseyoucannotuseyourowncultureasamaptoguideyourownbehaviorandyourownunderstandingofwhatsurroundsyou.You'retotallyoutofcontrol,justasifyouweredrivingalongahighwayinthedark,withoutaroadmap.Andbecauseofthis,peopleoftenbehaveirrationally.It'sahighlystressfulexperience,andtherearedifferentsymptomsindifferentstag*…Whendoescultureshockusuallyhappenformanypeople?快速瀏覽本部分各題的所有選項，根據(jù)anothercountry,rules,socialgroup,shockedforeignculture等可大致推斷，講座很可能與出國和文化有關(guān)，聽音時應(yīng)將重點放在這些關(guān)鍵信息上口四項均以when開頭，本題考查的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是某種行為或現(xiàn)象發(fā)生的時間，聽錄音時'應(yīng)首先辨明選項中they的指代對象，然后將重點放在四項的關(guān)鍵信息-Lfparticular.^surroundings：anothercountry,dependentontherules,learnaforeignlanguage）口講座中第二句就提到；“文化沖擊這個術(shù)語是用于描述許多人在出國旅行時■都會產(chǎn)生的一種感受七因此可以得出B項為正確答案，其他三項均與講座內(nèi)容不符，故排除。.Questions20to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.（分數(shù)；42,60）Youcanfindajobbyjustporingoverhelp-wantedads.Lookingforajobmeansknockingonthedoorandasking.CXollegegraduatescanfindajobatanypointoftimeonline.□.Findingajobbecomesmucheasierforcollegegraduates.J解析：［聽力原文］Itusedtobethatlookingforajobmeantpoundingthepavement,knockingondoorsandporingoverhelp-wantedads.Butthat'schanging,thankstotheInternet,AnewreportbyGeorgetownUniversity'sCenteronEducationandtheWorkforcesays,forcollegegraduates,lookingforajobisgettingeasier.Thereport'sleadauthor,TonyCarnevale,spoketoVOA,appropriatelyenoughonline,viaSkype.nMorethan80percentofthosejobsthatexisted,atanypointintime,areavailableonline."Attheheightoftherecession一whenUSunemploymentpeakedat10percent,justalittlemorethantwomillionjobswerebeingpostedeachmonth.Butastherecoverytakeshold,Carnevalesaysthejobpicturelooksincreasinglybright.HWe'renowatabout3.7millionjobopeningsoutthere.Bythetimetherecoveryisdone,wethinkwellgettomaybefivemillionjobopeningsonline/1That'sgreatnewsforGeorgetownJuniorJamilHamilton.Onlyoncehasheeverappliedinpersonforajobatashoppingmall.,TIthinkmygeneration一theideaofgoingdoortodoor,outknockingandsaying,heyareyouhiring?一likethat一doesn'texistanymore..,thosedaysaregone?justgoonline.nKimDancyrecentlygraduatedwithaMaster'sdegreeinPublicPolicy.Shefoundherdreamjobasaneducationpolicyresearcher.Butshesaysfindingtheperfectjobonlinetakesalotofperseverance,"Itcanbereallyfrustratingandittakesalongtime,butifyouappliedforenoughpositionsandreallydoyourhomeworkyouwillgetsomewhere,"Thereport'sfindingssuggestcareersintheso-calledSTEMfields—Science,Technology,EngineeringandMath——providethegreatestopportunities,withsalariesthatrangebetween30to45anhour.Butformaximumincomeandsatisfaction,ProfessorCarnevalesaysworkersmustbepreparedtomoveandchangejobsatleasteveryfiveyears.Accordingtothelecture,whatchangehastheInternetbroughtabout?快速瀏覽本部分各題的所有選項，根據(jù)findajob^jobvacancy.jobopenings,positions等可大致推斷，講座很可能與找工作有關(guān)。此外，根據(jù)online,posted等還可推斷出講座中可能還涉及網(wǎng)絡(luò)招聘口四項【||均出現(xiàn)了lookfor/findajobc本題考查的內(nèi)容與找工作有關(guān)，by和means提示，本題可能考查找工作的方式口講座開頭部分提到，由于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的存在，“徘徊街頭，挨家挨戶敲門，關(guān)注急聘廣告”這種找工作的模式已經(jīng)改變了，喬治敦大學(xué)教育與勞動力研究中心最新發(fā)布的一份報告稱，對于大學(xué)畢業(yè)生來說，找工作正變得越來越容易。因此可以得出D項為正確答案。A項中提到的“關(guān)注急聘廣告”和B項中提到的“挨家挨戶敲門、詢問“都是以往找工作的方式，不是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)帶來的改變，可以排除。講座前面部分提到，“現(xiàn)有的職位中，80%以上任何時■候都可以在網(wǎng)上找到七但這并不是說大學(xué)生隨時都能找到工作，故排除C項，?Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.（分數(shù)'42.60）Itmayresultinariseintheratesofinfectiousdiseases.ltmaygiverisetoabreakdowninsanitation.CJtmayleadtodecreasesinagriculturalproductivity.JD.ltmaybringaboutimmediateincreasesinhospitaladmissions,解析：［聽力原文］Theimpactofclimatechangeissogreatthatitcouldunderminethelast50yearsofgainsinglobalhealth,accordingtotheLancetCommissionreport.Weatherextremesmadeworsebyclimatechangearepotentiallycatastrophicandunacceptable,saysCommission'sprojectleaderNicolasWatts,whospoketoVOA.,Tlntermsofdrought,weoftenseecorrespondingdecreasesinagriculturalproductivity,whichtheninturnhasaprofoundimpactonmalnutrition,particularlyforchildren,andwithfloodsweoftenseeariseintheratesofinfectiousdiseasesandotherdiseasesthathappenasaresultofabreakdowninsanitation."Andincreasingly,it'sjusthotter,whichcanbedeadly.Anextremeheatwavein2003left70,000peopledeadacrossEurope."Andthosesortsofeventsareexpectedtoincreaseinintensityandseverityastimegoeson,”TheWorldHealthOrganizationwarnsthatunlessdramaticactionistakentoreduceglobalwarmingemissionsby2030,approximately250,000peoplewilldieeachyearfromtheeffectsofclimatechange.Outdoorairpollutionislinkedtosomethreemilliondeathsworldwide.Wattssaysashiftfromcoal-firedpowerplantstorenewableenergycangreatlyreducethatdanger.°Weseeimmediatedeclinesinhospitaladmissionsandinhealthcarecosts,whichreducestheburdenofalreadystrugglinghealthbudgets.Therearemanyotherwaysforustodosomethingtoprotecttheenvironment.Forexample,youcandecreasetherelianceoncarsandmotorvehicles,andtrytoencourageactivetransportlikecyclingandwalking.Youcanevendecreasetheratesofdiabetesandobesitywhileprotectingtheenvironment.,TInordertoreducetheeffectsofclimatechangeonglobalhealth,theCommissionmakesrecommendations,includingaphase-outofcoalpowerplants,expansionofrenewableenergy,investmentinhealthsystemsandacommitmenttoastrongglobalclimatetreaty.Wattssayspublichealthisatthecoreofanewglobalagreement,,TMostofwhatyouwanttodotorespondtoclimatechangeisgoodforpublichealth,anditisactuallyamuchbrighterfuture,"Wattssayshealthcareprofessionalscanbeadvocatesinthebattleagainstclimatechange.Healsosayswhatisgoodfortheplanetisgoodforpatientcare.AccordingtoNicolasWatts,whatimpactcandroughthave?快速瀏覽本部分各題的所有選項，根據(jù)hospitaladmissions^renewableenergy^climatetreaty,healthcare等可大致推斷，講話的主題很可能與氣候變化以及健康等內(nèi)容相關(guān)@四項均以it開頭，且表示某種事物導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果或產(chǎn)生的影響。聽錄音時先弄清it的指代對象，然后著重聽清it造成的結(jié)果或影響。在短文中尼古拉斯?沃特提到，就干旱來說，它通常會導(dǎo)致農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)量相應(yīng)減少，進而使營養(yǎng)不良問題加劇，尤其是兒童的營養(yǎng)不良問題?？芍_答案為C項aA.B兩項并不是干旱的所造成的結(jié)果或影響，可排除；講話中間部分提到，從燃煤發(fā)電廠轉(zhuǎn)變到可再生能源可以減少空氣污染，使得入院人數(shù)隨即降低，因此D項不符合文意，可排除。PartIIIReadingComprehension（總題數(shù)：0,分數(shù)：0,00）SectionA（總題數(shù)：10,分數(shù)：0.00）.Manyoftheaidswhichareadvertisedasliberatingthemodernwomantendtohavetheoppositeeffect,becausetheysimplychangethenatureofworkinsteadofeliminatingit.Machineshaveacertainnoveltyvalue,liketoysforadults.Itis1lesstiringtoputclothesinawashingmachine,butthetimesaveddoesnotreally2toomuch:themachinehastobewatched,theclotheshavetobecarefullysortedfirst,stains3byhand,buttonspushedandwaterchanged,clothestakenout,airedandironed.Itwouldbemoreliberatingtopackitallofftoa1andnotnecessarilymoreexpensive,sincenocapitalinvestmentisrequired.Similarly,ifyoureallywanttosavetimeyoudonotmakecakeswithanelectricmixer,youbuyoneinashop.Ifonecomparestheimageofdomesticatedwomanfosteredbythewomen'smagazineswiththegoodsadvertisedbythoseperiodicals,advertisingwhichfinancesthem,onerealizeshowusefulaprojectedimagecanbeincommerce.Acareful5hastobestruck:ifyoushowalabor-savinggadget,followitupwitha6recipeonthenextpage;onnoaccounthintatthenotionthatawomancouldgetherselfajob,butinsteadfosterhersenseofherownusefulness,7thecreativeaspectofherfunctionasahousewife.Sowegetcakemixeswherethecooksimplyaddsaneggherself,toproduce"thatlovelyhome-baked8thefamilylove'\andknittingpatternsthatcanbemadebyhand,orworsestill,onknittingmachines,whichbecameatremendousvoguewhentheywerefirst9（difficulttoknowwhowouldwearallthoserapidlyproducedsweaters,whichlackedtheadvantagesofhand-madewoolens）.Automaticcookersareadvertisedbypicturesofprettyyoungmotherstakingtheirchildrentothepark,notby10womenpresettingthedinnerbeforecatchingabustotheoffice.laundryexaggerateemphasizecertainlyindignantremovedamountexcessivelyLcomplicatedJ. handledK. flavorprofessionalM. introducedN. calculationO. balance（分數(shù)：35.50）L（分數(shù),3.55）填空項1:（正確答案；D）解析：分析句子主干可知，空格前后是一個完整的句了，因此，可以判斷本空缺少一個副詞作狀語，修飾其后的形容詞。符合上述語法條件的兩個選項中.certainly意為"確實，無疑地”,excessively意為“過度地"。此處含有強調(diào)的意味，表示“確實可以輕松些”，故只有certainly符合文意，正確答案為D?！咀h論文：機器未能真正解放婦女】第一段：提出機器并未消除婦女的勞動。第二段：結(jié)合具體的例子說明機器未能真正解放婦女。［參考譯文］廣告上所說的許多可以解放現(xiàn)代婦女的輔助設(shè)備往往會產(chǎn)生相反的效果，因為它們只是改變了勞動的性質(zhì)而并沒有消除勞動。機器有某種新穎的價值，就像成年人的玩具一?樣。把衣服放進洗衣機確實可以輕松些，但所節(jié)省出的時間總量卻實在沒有太多：機器需要有人看著，先得把衣服認真分好類，用手把污漬洗掉，還得按按鈕、換水，然后取出衣物、晾干、熨平。把所有衣服打包送到洗衣房反而更加省事，而且也未必更貴，因為不需要任何資本投資。同樣，如果你真的想節(jié)約時■間，你就不會用電動攪拌機來做蛋糕，而是去商店里買。如果你將女性雜志所培育出來的居家女性形象與那些給它們提供經(jīng)費的期刊、廣告里所宣傳的商品相比較的話，你就會意識到樹立形象在商業(yè)上是多么有用。你需要小心地建立一種平衡；如果你展示了一個省力的小器具，那么，緊接著下一頁就要展示一個復(fù)雜的要訣；絕不能做出這種暗示，即女人可以找到一份工作，而是要培養(yǎng)她自身的價值意識，強調(diào)她作為家庭主婦時富有創(chuàng)意的一面。因此，我們準備好現(xiàn)成的蛋糕粉，烹飪者只要自己加個雞蛋進去就能做出"那種家人喜愛的、誘人的家庭烘焙的風(fēng)味”。還有可以手工編織的圖案，或者更糟糕的是，可以用編織機織出的編織圖案，而在編織機剛被引進（3寸，這些東西十分流行（很難知道誰會穿上那些迅速生產(chǎn)出來的毛衣，它們?nèi)狈κ止ぞ幙椀拿椢锏膬?yōu)勢）。自動化炊具的廣告圖片上是美麗的年輕母親帶著孩子到公園玩，而不是職業(yè)女性在趕公交車上班前預(yù)先準備好晚飯的場景。（分數(shù)：3.55）填空項1：（正確答案：G）解析：分析句子主干可知，該空前而是doesnot,判斷此處需要填一個謂語動詞，且應(yīng)為動詞原形。符合上述語法條件的選項中，只有動詞amount符合文意，即“但所節(jié)省出的時間總量卻實在沒有太多”，故選G。（分數(shù)：3.55）填空項1：（正確答案：F）解析：分析句子主干可知，該空缺少一個過去分詞，因為該空前面是兩個并列的完整句子，后面是由“名詞+過去分詞”構(gòu)成的并列的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。備選的分詞有removed（被去掉）、introduced］被引進）和handled（被處理）三個。根據(jù)其前的名詞strains（污漬）可知，只有removed符合文意。（分數(shù)：3.55）填空項1：（正確答案；A）解析：分析句子主干可知，toa前是一個完整的句了，通過分析空格處所在短語toa可知，這里缺少一個單數(shù)名詞。備選的名詞有l(wèi)aundry（洗衣房）、flavor（風(fēng)味）、calculation（計算）和balance（平衡）四項。由此處的to可知，空格處填入的詞應(yīng)表示地點，故選laundry。（分數(shù)：3.55）填空項1：（正確答案：。）解析：分析句子主干可知，本句缺少一個名詞，作句子的主語，且該名詞是單數(shù)形式，因為前面有不定冠詞a來限制。符合語法條件的選項剩下flavor,calculation和balance三項。分別代入原文后可知，只有balance符合文意。strikeabalance為固定搭配，意為“取得平衡”。（分數(shù)：3.55）填空項1： （正確答案：I）解析：分析句子主干可知，本句缺少一個形容詞來修飾后面的recipe。符合上述語法條件的單詞有indignant（生氣的，憤怒的）、complicated］復(fù)雜的）和professional］專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的）三個。注意本句前后存在對比，前面說“省力的”，后而應(yīng)是與其相對，且能修飾recipe,故complicated是正確答案。（分數(shù)：3.55）填空項1: （正確答案：C）解析：分析句子主干可知，該空需要一個動詞原形，與前面的foster并列。符合上述語法條件的動詞原形有：exaggerate（夸大）和emphasize（強調(diào)），結(jié)合本處語境和語體色彩，emphasize更貼切。（分數(shù)：3.55）填空項1:（正確答案：K）解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本空需要一個名詞，作前面的謂語動詞produce的賓語，且該名詞為單數(shù)形式，因為其前面的修飾語是that。在剩下的單數(shù)名詞中，只有flavor］風(fēng)味）符合句意。（分數(shù)：3.55）填空項1:（正確答案：M）解析：本句空格前為句子主語和系動詞be,判斷空格處應(yīng)填入一個動詞的分詞形式或形容詞，再結(jié)合空格前的first,判斷應(yīng)填入過去分詞。符合上述語法條件的過去分詞剩下handled和introduced,結(jié)合此處語境，introduced（被引進）更貼合文意。（分數(shù)：3.55）填空項1:（正確答案：L）解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空所在的句子是一個由by和notby并列構(gòu)成的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。本空需要一個形容詞來修飾后面的名詞women,它與前面的prettyyoung構(gòu)成對比。剩余的選項中，符合上述語法條件的只有indignant和professional,結(jié)合此處和語境，只有professional（職業(yè)的）更貼合文意。SectionB（總題數(shù)：10,分數(shù)：DaylightSavingTime（DST）HowandWhenDidDaylightSavingTimeStart?BenjaminFranklin—of,Tearlytobedandearlytorise"fame—wasapparentlythefirstpersontosuggesttheconceptofdaylightsavings.WhileservingasU.S.ambassadortoFranceinParis,Franklinwroteofbeingawakenedat6a.m.andrealizing,tohissurprise,thatthesunwouldrisefarearlierthanheusuallydid.Imaginetheresourcesthatmightbesavedifheandothersrosebeforenoonandburnedlessmidnightoil,Franklin,tonguehalfincheek,wrotetoanewspaper.Itwasn'tuntilWorldWarIthatdaylightsavingswererealizedonagrandscale.Germanywasthefirststatetoadoptthetimechanges,toreduceartificiallightingandtherebysavecoalforthewareffort.Friendsandfoessoonfollowedsuit.IntheU.S.afederallawstandardizedtheyearlystartandendofdaylightsavingtimein1918——forthestatesthatchosetoobserveit.DuringWorldWarIItheU.S.madedaylightsavingtimemandatory（強制的）forthewholecountry,asawaytosavewartimeresources.BetweenFebruary9,1942,andSeptember3Q1945,thegovernmenttookitastepfurther.Duringthisperioddaylightsavingtimewasobservedyear-round,essentiallymakingitthenewstandardtime,ifonlyforafewyears.Manyyearslater,theEnergyPolicyActof2005wasenacted,mandatingacontroversialmonth-longextensionofdaylightsavingtime,startingin2007.DaylightSavingTime:EnergySaverorJustTimeSucker?Inrecentyearsseveralstudieshavesuggestedthatdaylightsavingtimedoesn'tactuallysaveenergy一andmightevenresultinanetloss.EnvironmentaleconomistHendrikWolff,oftheUniversityofWashington,co-authoredapaperthatstudiedAustralianpower-usedatawhenpartsofthecountryextendeddaylightsavingtimeforthe2000SydneyOlympicsandothersdidnot.Theresearchersfoundthatthepracticereducedlightingandelectricityconsumptionintheeveningbutincreasedenergyuseinthenowdarkmornings一wipingouttheeveninggains.That'sbecausetheextrahourthatdaylightsavingtimeaddsintheeveningisahotterhour."Soifpeoplegethomeanhourearlierinawarmerhouse,theyturnontheirairconditioning/'theUniversityofWashington'sWolffsaid.Butotherstudiesdoshowenergygains.InanOctober2008daylightsavingtimereporttoCongress,mandatedbythesame2005energyactthatextendeddaylightsavingtime,theU.S.DepartmentofEnergyassertedthatspringingforwarddoessaveenergy.Extendeddaylightsavingtimesaved1.3terawatt（大瓦）hoursofelectricity.ThatfiguresuggeststhatdaylightsavingtimereducesannualU.S,electricityconsumptionby0.03percentandoverallenergyconsumptionby0.02percent.Whilethosepercentagesseemsmall,theycouldrepresentsignificantsavingsbecauseofthenation'senormoustotalenergyuse.What'smore,savingsinsomeregionsareapparentlygreaterthaninothers.California,forinstance,appearstobenefitmostfromdaylightsavingtime——perhapsbecauseitsrelativelymildweatherencouragespeopletostayoutdoorslaterTheEnergyDepartmentreportfoundthatdaylightsavingtimeresultedinanenergysavingsofonepercentdailyinthestate.ButWolff,oneofmanyscholarswhocontributedtothefederalreport,suggestedthatthenumbersweresubjecttostatisticalvariability（變化）andshouldn'tbetakenashardfacts.Anddaylightsavings'energygainsintheU.S.largelydependonyourlocationinrelationtotheMason^DixonLine,Wolffsaid,°TheNorthmightbeaslightwinner,becausetheNorthdoesn'thaveasmuchairconditioning,"hesaid."ButtheSouthisadefiniteloserintermsofenergyconsumption.TheSouthhasmoreenergyconsumptionunderdaylightsaving."DaylightSavingTime:HealthyorHarmful?Fordecadesadvocatesofdaylightsavingshavearguedthat,energysavingsorno,daylightsavingtimeboostshealthbyencouragingactivelifestyles——aclaimWolffandcolleaguesarecurrentlyputtingtothetest.nlnanationwideAmericantime-usestudy,we'reclearlyseeingthat,atthetimeofdaylightsavingtimeextensioninthespring,televisionwatchingissubstantiallyreducedandoutdoorbehaviorslikejogging,walking,orgoingtotheparkaresubstantiallyincreased/1Wolffsaid."That'sremarkable,becauseofcoursethetotalamountofdaylightinagivendayisthesame,"Butotherswarnofilleffects.TillRoenneberg,auniversityprofessorinMunich（慕尼黑）「Germany,saidhisstudiesshowthatourcircadian（生理節(jié)奏的）bodyclocks—setbylightanddarkness—neveradjusttogainingan"extra11hourofsunlighttotheendofthedayduringdaylightsavingtime.J, Onereasonsomanypeopleinthedevelopedworldarechronically（長期地）overtired,hesaid,isthattheysufferfrom"socialjetlag,11Inotherwords,theiroptimalcircadiansleepperiodsdon'taccordwiththeiractualsleepschedules.Shiftingdaylightfrommorningtoeveningonlyincreasesthislag,hesaid,'lightdoesn'tdothesamethingstothebodyinthemorningandtheevening.Morelightinthemorningwouldadvancethebodyclock,andthatwouldbegood.Butmorelightintheeveningwouldevenfurtherdelaythebodyclock/'K, Otherresearchhintsatevenmoreserioushealthrisks,A2008studyconcludedthat,atleastinSweden,heartattackrisksgoupinthedaysjustafterthespringtimechange."Themostlikelyexplanationtoourfindingsisdisturbedsleepanddisruptionofbiologicalrhythms,"OneexperttoldNationalGeographicNewsviaemail.DaylightSavings'LoversandHatersLWithverdicts（定論）onthebenefits,orcosts,ofdaylightsavingssosplit,itmaybenosurprisethattheyearlytimechangesinspirepolarizedreactions.IntheU.K”forinstance,theLighterLatermovement——partof10:10yagroupadvocatingcu