托福聽(tīng)力技巧分析學(xué)習(xí)教案課件

會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1托福聽(tīng)力技巧分析會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1托福聽(tīng)力技巧分析圍繞：新托福考試聽(tīng)力部分介紹新托?？荚囶}型問(wèn)題及建議第1頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)圍繞：新托?？荚嚶?tīng)力部分介紹第1頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)新托?？荚嚶?tīng)力部分介紹考試形式預(yù)讀題目筆記題型PBT舊托福PaperYesNo?multiplechoiceIBT新托福InternetNoYes新題型：多選題，重聽(tīng)題，表格配對(duì)題第2頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)新托?？荚嚶?tīng)力部分介紹考試形式預(yù)讀題目筆記題型PBTPape題量，時(shí)間文章類(lèi)型題量題目數(shù)時(shí)間Conversation25/conversation2-3min/conversationLecture46/lectureanswering:20min30seconds/question)

Total634（17/section）60第3頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)題量，時(shí)間文章類(lèi)型題量題目數(shù)時(shí)間Conversation25評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1.當(dāng)問(wèn)題的分值是1分時(shí)，所有的項(xiàng)目都要回答正確，這一題才算是拿到了全部分值。2.當(dāng)問(wèn)題的分值是2分時(shí)，比如，四選三的題目，必須全部答對(duì)才能得到所有分值；選對(duì)2個(gè)，可得到1個(gè)分值。3.新托福聽(tīng)力以單選題為主，多選題和表格題為輔。第4頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1.當(dāng)問(wèn)題的分值是1分時(shí)，所有的項(xiàng)目都要回答正確，CONVERSATION文章思路

框架raisetheproblem-analyzetheproblem-solvetheproblem第5頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)CONVERSATION文章思路

框架raisetheLECTURE文章思路

框架beginning-wayofteaching(content)-ending第6頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)LECTURE文章思路

框架beginning-wayTPO1-19聽(tīng)力分類(lèi)第7頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)TPO1-19聽(tīng)力分類(lèi)第7頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)Conversation場(chǎng)景分類(lèi)論文/研究項(xiàng)目場(chǎng)景TPO2C1，TPO4C2，TPO5C2，TPO6C2，TPO9C1，TPO12C1TPO13C1，TPO17C1圖書(shū)館/書(shū)店場(chǎng)景TPO1C1，TPO4C1，TPO7C2，TPO9C2，TPO14C1，專(zhuān)業(yè)討論/課程內(nèi)容討論場(chǎng)景TPO1C2，TPO8C2，TPO10C1，TPO15C2，課外/校內(nèi)活動(dòng)場(chǎng)景TPO3C2，TPO6C1，TPO11C2，TPO15C1，報(bào)到/注冊(cè)場(chǎng)景TPO3C1，TPO5C1，TPO8C1，TPO18C1選課/換課場(chǎng)景TPO2C2，TPO11C1，TPO14C2，TPO16C2抱怨/反饋場(chǎng)景TPO12C2，TPO16C1，TPO19C2，實(shí)驗(yàn)室場(chǎng)景TPO13C2第8頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)Conversation場(chǎng)景分類(lèi)論文/研究項(xiàng)目場(chǎng)景TPOLecture具體分類(lèi)第9頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)Lecture具體分類(lèi)第9頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)第10頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)第10頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)新托?？荚囶}型第11頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)新托福考試題型第11頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)GISTQUESTION主旨目的題（100%）

payattentiontothefirstsentence!（name）什么是主旨目的題？（what？）requiresthelistenertounderstandcriticalvocabularyphrasesorfactsfromseveralpointsinatextandtointerprettoidentifythekeypointsofthetext.Questionsthattestunderstandingthegistmayrequireyoutogeneralizeorsynthesizeinformationinwhatyouhear.第12頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)GISTQUESTION主旨目的題（100%）

p提問(wèn)方式：Whatarethestudentsmainlydiscussing?Whatisthemaintopicofthetalk?Whatisthelecturemainlyabout?Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?Whatisthemainpurposeofthelecture?Whatistheprofessormainlydiscussing?Whatproblemdoesthemanhave?Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?Whatisthemaintopicofthelecture?Whatisthelecturemainlyabout?WhataspectofXdoestheprofessormainlydiscuss?Whydoesthestudentvisittheprofessor?Whydoesthestudentvisittheregistrar’soffice?Whydidtheprofessorasktoseethestudent?WhydoestheprofessorexplainX?第13頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)提問(wèn)方式：Whatarethestudentsmai文章的主旨：Payattentiontothenameofthiscourse.

Thelisteningpassagewillbeginlikethis:“Listentopartofalectureinan

astronomyclass”.Listentopartofalectureina___________class.

第14頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)文章的主旨：Payattentiontothenam（1）直接展開(kāi)（payattentiontothesentencesatthebeginning）todaywearegoingtobetalkingabout…I’dliketobeginmylecturebyintroducing…let’sfocuson…let’snowtakealookat…（2）問(wèn)答式展開(kāi)：howarecompaniestypicallystructured?Doyourememberwhattheyare?Howcanyouunderstandit?Whydoeshumanbeingconsideritimportant?Or:全文關(guān)鍵詞總結(jié)第15頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)（1）直接展開(kāi)（payattentiontothe干擾選項(xiàng)特征:

Toogeneral:anideathatisbeyondthefocusoftheconversationorlecturetoospecific:asupportingdetailinsteadofamainideainaccurate:nottrue,oronlypartiallytrue,accordingtothespeakersirrelevant:aboutsomethingthatthespeakersdon’tmention第16頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)干擾選項(xiàng)特征:

第16頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)TPO15Lecture1psychologyLecture1(第一句）Fordecades,psychologistshavebeenlookingatourabilitytoperformtaskswhileotherthingsaregoingon,howweareabletokeepfrombeingdistractedandwhattheconditionsforgoodconcentrationare.心理學(xué)家一直在觀察我們?cè)谶M(jìn)行一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)同時(shí)旁邊還有其他事情在進(jìn)行的能力，我們?cè)鯓颖３植槐桓蓴_，以及怎樣的條件下可以集中注意。教授通過(guò)開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山的方法，告訴我們lecture的主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于集中注意的能力的研究。（接著）Aslongagoas1982,researcherscameupwithsomethingcalledtheCFQ-theCognitiveFailuresQuestionnaire.這里講了研究者想出的一種叫做CFQ的研究方法。由此得出，答案是D，大腦怎樣處理干擾的研究。第17頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)TPO15Lecture1psychologyLeTPO15Lecture1psychology6.Whatisthelecturemainlyabout?A.Methodspeopleusedtoeliminatedistractions.(irrelevant)B.Theareaofthebrainresponsibleforblockingdistractions(toospecific)C.Theusefulnessofquestionnairesinassessingdistractibility.(irrelevant)D.Researchabouthowthebraindealswithdistractions.（research-CFQ）第18頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)TPO15Lecture1psychology6.TPO19conversation2

對(duì)話(huà)主要講述了關(guān)于cafeteria在一些食物問(wèn)題，比如用油過(guò)多，有機(jī)食物上的相關(guān)意見(jiàn)

全文關(guān)鍵詞總結(jié):mealplan,food,cafeteria18.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?Changesthatwillbemadeinfoodchoicesofferedtostudents(toospecific)Food-safetyproceduresfollowedbythecafeteriastaff（irrelevant）Issuesrelatedtothecafeteria'sfoodpolicyCommoncomplaintsaboutthefoodservedinthecafeteria(irrelevant)第19頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)TPO19conversation2

對(duì)話(huà)主要講述了關(guān)DETAILQUESTION細(xì)節(jié)題

什么是細(xì)節(jié)題？(what?)requirethelistenertounderstandandrememberexplicitdetailsorfactsthatareimportantasanexplanationoranexampleofthemainidea.Thesedetailsaretypicallyrelated,directlyorindirectly,tothegistofthetext,byprovidingelaboration,examplesorothersupport.第20頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)DETAILQUESTION細(xì)節(jié)題

什么是細(xì)節(jié)題？(wh(detail,support,example)

TIPS：Noinferenceisneeded.提問(wèn)方式：

Whatproblemdoesthemanhave?

Accordingtotheconversation,whataretwowaysinwhichbacteriacellsgetresistancegenes?WhydoestheprofessortalkaboutPlato’sdescriptionofsociety?Accordingtotheprofessor,whatisonewaythatXcanaffectY?Accordingtotheprofessor,whatisthemainproblemwiththeXtheory?WhatisX?WhatresultedfromtheinventionofX?第21頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)(detail,support,example)

TI舉例

example舉例的具體內(nèi)容、例子的作用

關(guān)注舉例的上下文，說(shuō)話(huà)的人為什么要舉這個(gè)例子，要證明什么，表明什么觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度，還有例子本身說(shuō)了那些內(nèi)容。

聽(tīng)標(biāo)志舉例的關(guān)鍵詞，比如：Forexample、like、forinstance、inthiscase、inanothercase、takethecaseof、onthisoccasion

第22頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)舉例

example舉例的具體內(nèi)容、例子的作用第22頁(yè)/聽(tīng)定義：（專(zhuān)有名詞+definition+supportingdetails）學(xué)科的專(zhuān)有名詞（首字母代替）標(biāo)志詞：itrefersto、thatis、thatmeans、whichmeans、Thisistosay、inotherwords、inanotherwords

第23頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)聽(tīng)定義：（專(zhuān)有名詞+definition+supportinTPO13lecture1cityplanning:

Now,whatisapedestrianmall?It’saprettysimpleconceptreally,itisessentiallyanoutdoorshoppingareadesignedjustforpeopleonfoot.And…well,unlikemanyofothershoppingmallsthatarebuiltinsuburbnowadays,thesepedestrianmallsaretypicallylocatedinthedowntownareasofthecity.Andtherearefeatureslikewhitesidewalks,comfortableoutdoorsittingandmaybeevenfortens---UN…youknowart.Therearevariationsonthismodelofcourse,…..第24頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)TPO13lecture1cityplanning聽(tīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)

提高聲調(diào)、放慢語(yǔ)速、前邊會(huì)有停頓，最常見(jiàn)的還是會(huì)有標(biāo)志詞e.gTPO1Lecture1Sowhenyougototheexhibit,Ireallywantyoutotakeacloselookatacertainpainting.It’safarmscene.Andthemostimportantis…、Thisisveryimportant…、Amajorpointis…、Theimportantideais…、Thethingabout…isextremelyimportant、Infact

第25頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)聽(tīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)

提高聲調(diào)、放慢語(yǔ)速、前邊會(huì)有停頓，最常見(jiàn)的還是會(huì)有標(biāo)聽(tīng)原因

聽(tīng)原因細(xì)節(jié)時(shí)，要注意什么是因，什么是果表示前因后果：So/therefore、consequently、asaconsequence、forthispurpose、resultin、leadto表示前果后因：Resultfrom、stemfor、originatefrom、springfromariseoutof、itlies/isin(that)

，because

第26頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)聽(tīng)原因

聽(tīng)原因細(xì)節(jié)時(shí)，要注意什么是因，什么是果第26頁(yè)/共TPO13lecture1cityplanningBusinessownersinthecitycentersorthedowntownareashaveexperiencedsomefinanciallosses,(果)becauseofthecitymovementofthepeopleoutofthecityandthenintosuburbs.（因）第27頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)TPO13lecture1cityplanning聽(tīng)結(jié)尾

判斷結(jié)尾的部分只要看考試界面的時(shí)間條

會(huì)出現(xiàn)表示結(jié)尾的詞，例如：Tosumup、Toconclude/inconclusion、Insummary/

tosummarize。

第28頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)聽(tīng)結(jié)尾

判斷結(jié)尾的部分只要看考試界面的時(shí)間條第28頁(yè)/共5聽(tīng)數(shù)字、地點(diǎn)、人物

聽(tīng)聽(tīng)數(shù)字、地點(diǎn)、人物時(shí)注意他們所代表的內(nèi)容、所指的內(nèi)容還有有同類(lèi)內(nèi)容時(shí)他們的區(qū)別，具體時(shí)間段發(fā)生的事情等。

第29頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)聽(tīng)數(shù)字、地點(diǎn)、人物

聽(tīng)聽(tīng)數(shù)字、地點(diǎn)、人物時(shí)注意他們所代表的內(nèi)相似或者對(duì)比

表示相似的表達(dá)有：like、similar、resemblance、toresemble、similarity，表示對(duì)比的表達(dá)：incontrastwith...、whereas、onthecontrary、differentfrom...、ontheotherhand、however、but

第30頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)相似或者對(duì)比

表示相似的表達(dá)有：like、similar、rTPO16Lecture2Musichistory16.WhydoestheprofessordiscussClaraSchumann?Sheinfluencedthedesignofthemodernpiano.Shegrewupinanenvironmentthatencouragedfemalemusicians.Hermusicaltalentswereinheritedfromherparents.HerbackgroundandRobertSchumann’sbackgroundweresimilar.細(xì)節(jié)（舉例目的題），1.答案出現(xiàn)在lecture結(jié)尾。2.舉例(理解)原文：Claragrewuptobecomeawell-knownandrespectedpianovirtuoso,aperformerofextraordinaryskillwhonotonlygaveconcertsacrossEurope,butalsowasoneofthefirstimportantfemalecomposersfortheinstrument.第31頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)TPO16Lecture2MusichistoryPURPOSEQUESTION功能題

(切忌斷章取義，回憶出現(xiàn)位置，并結(jié)合上下文，在情境中選)什么是功能題？（what？）thequestiontypeofteninvolvesreplayingaportionofthelisteningpassage.如何識(shí)別功能題？Whatdoestheprofessorimplywhenhesaysthis:(reply)Whatcanbeinferredfromtheprofessor’sresponsetothestudent?Whatisthepurposeofthewoman’sresponse?Whydoesthestudentsaythis?第32頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)P(yáng)URPOSEQUESTION功能題

(切忌斷章取義，回托福聽(tīng)力中的常見(jiàn)功能：

（1）Explanation:Simplyput/Let’sputinthisway/IthinkIshould/youmean（2）Conclusion:nowtosum/wrapupmyspeech（3）Suggestion:youshouldhavedonesomethingbetter（4）Inspiration:comeon,youaresupposedtoknowthis…（5）Emphasis:pleasebearinmindthat…/Rhetoricalquestion（6）Correctingmistake:waitaminute/Imadeaslipoftongue第33頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)托福聽(tīng)力中的常見(jiàn)功能：

（1）Explanation:STPO18Conversation222.Whatdoestheprofessormeanwhenshesaysthis:Oh,well,themarketingdepartment’sprettybig.A.ThestudentcouldprobablyfindamarketingprofessorwhohasaninterestinsociologyB.Thestudent'smarketingprofessormightnotbeawareofthetelevisionstudy.C.Nomorestudentsareneededtoparticipateinthetelevisionstudy.D.Themarketingdepartmentneedsstudentsforseveralresearchstudies.邏輯！第34頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)TPO18Conversation222.What原文：B:Oh,well,IhavemarketingandeconomicsMondaymorningsandThursday.A:OH,youaretakingthemarketingclass?Who’steachingit?B:It’sProfessorLargin-IntrotoMarketing.Hrhasn’tmentionedthestudythough.A:Oh,well,themarketingdepartment’sprettybig.IhappentobefriendswithawomanwhoisdoingtheTVstudy.Ok,well,wedon’twantyoumissingclass.How’sThursday?Highlight部分就是題眼。教授問(wèn)學(xué)生誰(shuí)教你市場(chǎng)課的，學(xué)生說(shuō)了個(gè)人教授不認(rèn)識(shí)得出結(jié)論——市場(chǎng)部很大。教授又說(shuō)自己有個(gè)朋友正在做TV-study,

言下之意就是學(xué)生的教授也許沒(méi)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這個(gè)study，因?yàn)槭袌?chǎng)部太大了。第35頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)原文：B:Oh,well,Ihavemarketi4.ATTITUDEQUESTION態(tài)度題

注意說(shuō)話(huà)者的語(yǔ)調(diào)（apologetic,confused,exciting)

什么是態(tài)度題？（what？）youmaybeaskedaquestionaboutthespeaker’sfeelings,likesanddislikes,orreasonforanxietyoramusement.Alsoincludedinthiscategoryarequestionsaboutaspeaker’sdegreeofcertainty:isthespeakerreferencingasourceorgivingapersonalopinion?Arethefactspresentedgenerallyacceptedoraretheydisputed?第36頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)4.ATTITUDEQUESTION態(tài)度題

注意說(shuō)話(huà)者提問(wèn)方式：Whatcanbeinferredaboutthestudent?Whatistheprofessor’sattitudetoward…?Whatistheprofessor’sopinionof…?Whatcanbeinferredaboutthestudentwhenshesaysthis:Whatdoesthewomanmeanwhenshesaysthis:e.gTPO19lecture1Linguisticbutitseemstomeitprobablywasn’tquitelikethat.第37頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)提問(wèn)方式：Whatcanbeinferredabou托福聽(tīng)力中的常見(jiàn)態(tài)度：

（1）Awful:woops!Uh-uh!Oh,no!Oh,dear!Oh,shoot!（2）Remind:Idon’tthinkyouwilldo/Iwaswonderingifyouwilldosomething/Idon’timagineifyoudo…/youhaven’tdonesomething,haveyou?（3）Pity:whatashame/that’stoobad./I’msorrytohearthat/toughluck（4）Eulogy:Fabulous=Fab;Magnificent=Magnif;Glamorous=Glam;Excellent;Terrific;Awesome;Amazing;Fantastic;Incredible;Outstanding;Superb;Charming;Goodjob（5）totheprofessor:Fascinating;Catching;Instructive;StimulatingThought-provoking;（6）Surprise:Gee!Jesus!Mydear!Boy!JesusChrist!Man!Oh,myGod!Gosh!Oh,my!What!Dearme!（7）Tactfulrefuse:Soundsgreat,but/Soundslikefun,but/that’stempting,but/IwishIcould,but/I’dloveto,but/I’dreallyliketo,but/Iwould(ifIcould),but/Imeantto,but/Ihavebeenmeaningto(dosomething),but/Ishouldhave,but…第38頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)托福聽(tīng)力中的常見(jiàn)態(tài)度：

（1）Awful:woops!5.ORGANIZATIONQUESTION結(jié)構(gòu)題什么是結(jié)構(gòu)題？（what？）inunderstandingorganizationquestionsyoumaybeaskedabouttheoverallorganizationofthelisteningpassage,oryoumaybeaskedabouttherelationshipbetweentwoportionsofthelisteningpassage.第39頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)5.ORGANIZATIONQUESTION結(jié)構(gòu)題什么題型：（1）配對(duì)表格題：重要信息對(duì)號(hào)入座，側(cè)重于考察多個(gè)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件的對(duì)應(yīng)／段落中（TPO13lecture3Poetry）主要論點(diǎn)下的各分支及各分支定義和主要特點(diǎn)（2）判斷表格題：側(cè)重于考察哪些信息提到／沒(méi)提到（注意記錄文中列舉的主要觀點(diǎn)／舉例）（TPO16lecture1Biology）（3）排序表格題：側(cè)重于考察對(duì)過(guò)程／步驟地把握（TPO1lecture2Geology）第40頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)題型：（1）配對(duì)表格題：重要信息對(duì)號(hào)入座，側(cè)重于考察多個(gè)時(shí)INFERENCEQUESTION推理題什么是推理題？（what？）Youusuallyhavetoreachaconclusionbasedonfactspresentedinthelisteningpassage.提問(wèn)方式：Whatcanbeinferredabout…?Whatdoestheprofessorimplyabout…?Whatwillthestudentsdointhesummer?Whatcanbeinferredaboutthestudent?Whatistheprofessor’sattitudetowardX?Whatistheprofessor’sopinionofX?WhatdoestheprofessorimplyaboutX?Whatwillthestudentprobablydonext?WhatcanbeinferredaboutX?第41頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)INFERENCEQUESTION推理題什么是推理題？（推理題的解題技巧（1）注意出現(xiàn)的觀點(diǎn)性語(yǔ)言：inmyopinion,asfarasI’mconcerned,personally,payattention,frommypointofview（2）總結(jié)整篇聽(tīng)力的內(nèi)容來(lái)回答這題（3）正確選項(xiàng)經(jīng)常是文章中沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)（推理）第42頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)推理題的解題技巧第42頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)TPO13 Lecture2EcologyAndrememberwhatIsaidaboutgroundwater;imagineifwestillhaveallthosebeaversaround,allthosewetlands.Whatwouldourwatersupplybelikethen?Beaver本身制造水壩-生成靜水-生成wetland&moregroundwater-物種增加總結(jié)整篇聽(tīng)力的內(nèi)容來(lái)回答這題正確選項(xiàng)經(jīng)常是文章中沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)的。第43頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)TPO13 Lecture2EcologyAndrTPO13 Lecture2Ecology17. Whatdoestheprofessorimplywhenshesaysthis:imagineifwestillhaveallthosebeaversaround,allthosewetlands.Whatwouldourwatersupplybelikethen?Beaverdamswouldcausefloodsinmanyareaswherepeoplenowlive.Beaverdamswouldcausemostofthewatersupplytobeinaccessible.Largeareasoflandwouldbecomeunusablebyhumans.Moregroundwaterwouldbeavailableforhumanconsumption.第44頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)TPO13 Lecture2Ecology17. W托福聽(tīng)力中的語(yǔ)音問(wèn)題?。▽W(xué)生聽(tīng)不到，聽(tīng)不懂）1.連讀問(wèn)題（聽(tīng)不到-----影響理解）托福聽(tīng)力過(guò)程中的連讀問(wèn)題（1）關(guān)鍵性詞語(yǔ)出現(xiàn)連讀：否定形式（Sabrina）notatall：Themeetingyesterdaywasn’tatallboring.（2）常用性詞語(yǔ)出現(xiàn)連讀(Hero,Veronica,James,Jennie)forhim，travelagency,Spring’sarriving連讀中的基本規(guī)則（3）輔音+元音連讀Iwasfoundonthegroundbythefountainaboutafieldofasummerstride.Notatall.Rushhour.ThisdictionaryisnotexactlywhatIwantedbutitwilldo.Iworkinatravelagency.Spring’sarriving.第45頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)托福聽(tīng)力中的語(yǔ)音問(wèn)題?。▽W(xué)生聽(tīng)不到，聽(tīng)不懂）1.連讀問(wèn)題（（2）輔音+輔音連讀Somemoney,bikekey（3）元音+元音連讀Beontime（4）H連讀Ilenthimabook.Larryistakingalotofart,isn’the?Thestuffthenursegavemeseemedtohavehelped.Imusthaveleftmykeysatmysister’shouse.Shelearnedtousethecomputeronherown.第46頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)（2）輔音+輔音連讀第46頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)（5）其他特殊連讀【t】+【j】=【ch】：meetyou,hurtyou,thatyour【d】+【j】=【dg】：wouldyou,handyour,didyou【s】+【j】=【sh】：missyou,thisyear【z】+【j】=【g】：asusual,becauseyouExample:won’tyou,don’tyou,didn’tyou,haven’tyou,hadn’tyou,wouldn’tyou,weren’tyou,lastyear,nextyear,notyet,didyou,hadyou,wouldyou,Iadviceyou,Iuseyour,how’syour第47頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)（5）其他特殊連讀第47頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)2.失爆問(wèn)題：托福聽(tīng)力過(guò)程中的失爆問(wèn)題：【p】，【b】，【t】，【d】，【k】，【g】任意兩個(gè)連續(xù)出現(xiàn)就會(huì)發(fā)生失爆現(xiàn)象Sitdown,goodnight,friendly-thiscalculatorisn’tworkingright.-Ithinkyou’vegotthebatteryinupsidedown.第48頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)2.失爆問(wèn)題：第48頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)3.略讀問(wèn)題：托福聽(tīng)力過(guò)程中的略讀問(wèn)題：書(shū)寫(xiě)時(shí)將兩個(gè)或多個(gè)相鄰的單詞省略某些字母而連接起來(lái)Iam=I’m,youhave=you’ve,howis=how’s,thatwould=that’dDoesn’t,didn’t,shouldn’t,hadn’t,hasn’t,wouldn’t,won’tI’m,you’re,she’s,they’re,there’s,he’s,who’sWe’ve,he’ll,she’d,she’ll,she’s,they’d,they’ve,they’llCan’t,weren’t,won’t,aren’t,wouldn’t,shouldn’tGotta,gonna第49頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)3.略讀問(wèn)題：第49頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)4.弱讀問(wèn)題：托福聽(tīng)力過(guò)程中的弱讀問(wèn)題（1）介詞弱化：stayathome,doitforfun,comefromChina,gointhehouse,acupofcoffee,thetraintoParis（2）代詞弱化：Phoneuswhenyouarefree.I’velostmybook.（3）連詞弱化：Pleasegivemesomecreamandsugar.EitherTomorPetercancome.第50頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)4.弱讀問(wèn)題：第50頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)5.英美音差異問(wèn)題：托福聽(tīng)力過(guò)程中的英美音問(wèn)題（1）【r】音問(wèn)題Idea,reallyTheyweren’tatthedormlastnight.(A)Theywenttothedormitory.(B)Theydidn’tgotothedormitory.-Thesnowisreallycomingdown,isn’tit?-RarelydowehavesomuchsnowinDecember.-Whatdoesthemanmean?(A)itistypicalDecemberweatherforthisregion.(B)suchalargeamountofsnowisunusualforthismonth.（2）【o】【a:】Glass,class,fastHot,box,rocka:第51頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)5.英美音差異問(wèn)題：第51頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)常見(jiàn)易混音：Course-cause,oncemore-onesmall,career-Korea,worse-was,bore-ball,door-doll,core-call,tear-tea,short-shot第52頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)常見(jiàn)易混音：Course-cause,once常見(jiàn)英美音不同讀法：Neither英

['na?e?;'ni?-]

美

['nie?]

,either,record英

['rek??d]

美

['r?k?rd]

,cupboard英

['k?b?d]

美

['k?b?d]

,cassette,garage英

['g?rɑ?(d)?;-?d?;g?'rɑ??]

美

[ɡ?'rɑ?]

,laboratory英

['l?b(?)r?,t(?)r?]

美

['l?br?'t?ri]

,adult,ordinarity,secretary,dictionary第53頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)常見(jiàn)英美音不同讀法：Neither英

['na?e?;'n7.縮寫(xiě)問(wèn)題：SitcomChemlabprofIntro.Course=introductorycourse導(dǎo)論性課Demo=demonstration演示Memo=memorandum備忘錄Info.=Information信息Expo=exposition博覽會(huì)Chem.=chemistry化學(xué)第54頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)7.縮寫(xiě)問(wèn)題：第54頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)記筆記：多用符號(hào)！首三到四字母！

抓關(guān)鍵詞！N.V.adj,adv.conversation記筆記第55頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)記筆記：多用符號(hào)！首三到四字母！

抓關(guān)鍵詞！N.V.ad符號(hào)＞:surpass,exceed＜:lessthan＝:equalto,thesameas≠:difference↑:increase,promote,enhance,improve↓:decrease,fall,worsen＋:plus,add,besides,moreover－:minus,deduct,except→:resultin,leadto←:originatefrom,datebackto√:correct,good,positive,affirmative×:wrong,bad,mistaken,negative☆:outstanding,elite∵:because,owingto,thanksto,since,as∴:therefore,consequently,asaresult,so,henceΣ:total,amountγ:government第56頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)符號(hào)第56頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)建議：

（每天一個(gè)小時(shí)的聽(tīng)力是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的）1.每天花費(fèi)在聽(tīng)力的時(shí)間很少，布置了作業(yè)，,也不知道完成質(zhì)量如何，不清楚其聽(tīng)的情況。（雖然完成了）2.沒(méi)有形成聽(tīng)力的習(xí)慣！3.注重了記單詞，而不是聽(tīng)！印象記憶！發(fā)音發(fā)不準(zhǔn)，只是記憶單詞。建議：（VOA，托福聽(tīng)力）1.助教能夠糾正單詞的發(fā)音。2.精聽(tīng)法。3.聽(tīng)+記4.作業(yè)跟蹤，（助教）5.每個(gè)學(xué)生設(shè)定不同教學(xué)。第57頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)建議：

（每天一個(gè)小時(shí)的聽(tīng)力是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的）1.每天花費(fèi)在聽(tīng)Thankyou!第58頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)Thankyou!第58頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)60托福聽(tīng)力技巧分析會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1托福聽(tīng)力技巧分析圍繞：新托福考試聽(tīng)力部分介紹新托?？荚囶}型問(wèn)題及建議第1頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)圍繞：新托?？荚嚶?tīng)力部分介紹第1頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)新托?？荚嚶?tīng)力部分介紹考試形式預(yù)讀題目筆記題型PBT舊托福PaperYesNo?multiplechoiceIBT新托福InternetNoYes新題型：多選題，重聽(tīng)題，表格配對(duì)題第2頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)新托?？荚嚶?tīng)力部分介紹考試形式預(yù)讀題目筆記題型PBTPape題量，時(shí)間文章類(lèi)型題量題目數(shù)時(shí)間Conversation25/conversation2-3min/conversationLecture46/lectureanswering:20min30seconds/question)

Total634（17/section）60第3頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)題量，時(shí)間文章類(lèi)型題量題目數(shù)時(shí)間Conversation25評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1.當(dāng)問(wèn)題的分值是1分時(shí)，所有的項(xiàng)目都要回答正確，這一題才算是拿到了全部分值。2.當(dāng)問(wèn)題的分值是2分時(shí)，比如，四選三的題目，必須全部答對(duì)才能得到所有分值；選對(duì)2個(gè)，可得到1個(gè)分值。3.新托福聽(tīng)力以單選題為主，多選題和表格題為輔。第4頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1.當(dāng)問(wèn)題的分值是1分時(shí)，所有的項(xiàng)目都要回答正確，CONVERSATION文章思路

框架raisetheproblem-analyzetheproblem-solvetheproblem第5頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)CONVERSATION文章思路

框架raisetheLECTURE文章思路

框架beginning-wayofteaching(content)-ending第6頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)LECTURE文章思路

框架beginning-wayTPO1-19聽(tīng)力分類(lèi)第7頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)TPO1-19聽(tīng)力分類(lèi)第7頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)Conversation場(chǎng)景分類(lèi)論文/研究項(xiàng)目場(chǎng)景TPO2C1，TPO4C2，TPO5C2，TPO6C2，TPO9C1，TPO12C1TPO13C1，TPO17C1圖書(shū)館/書(shū)店場(chǎng)景TPO1C1，TPO4C1，TPO7C2，TPO9C2，TPO14C1，專(zhuān)業(yè)討論/課程內(nèi)容討論場(chǎng)景TPO1C2，TPO8C2，TPO10C1，TPO15C2，課外/校內(nèi)活動(dòng)場(chǎng)景TPO3C2，TPO6C1，TPO11C2，TPO15C1，報(bào)到/注冊(cè)場(chǎng)景TPO3C1，TPO5C1，TPO8C1，TPO18C1選課/換課場(chǎng)景TPO2C2，TPO11C1，TPO14C2，TPO16C2抱怨/反饋場(chǎng)景TPO12C2，TPO16C1，TPO19C2，實(shí)驗(yàn)室場(chǎng)景TPO13C2第8頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)Conversation場(chǎng)景分類(lèi)論文/研究項(xiàng)目場(chǎng)景TPOLecture具體分類(lèi)第9頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)Lecture具體分類(lèi)第9頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)第10頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)第10頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)新托?？荚囶}型第11頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)新托福考試題型第11頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)GISTQUESTION主旨目的題（100%）

payattentiontothefirstsentence!（name）什么是主旨目的題？（what？）requiresthelistenertounderstandcriticalvocabularyphrasesorfactsfromseveralpointsinatextandtointerprettoidentifythekeypointsofthetext.Questionsthattestunderstandingthegistmayrequireyoutogeneralizeorsynthesizeinformationinwhatyouhear.第12頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)GISTQUESTION主旨目的題（100%）

p提問(wèn)方式：Whatarethestudentsmainlydiscussing?Whatisthemaintopicofthetalk?Whatisthelecturemainlyabout?Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?Whatisthemainpurposeofthelecture?Whatistheprofessormainlydiscussing?Whatproblemdoesthemanhave?Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?Whatisthemaintopicofthelecture?Whatisthelecturemainlyabout?WhataspectofXdoestheprofessormainlydiscuss?Whydoesthestudentvisittheprofessor?Whydoesthestudentvisittheregistrar’soffice?Whydidtheprofessorasktoseethestudent?WhydoestheprofessorexplainX?第13頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)提問(wèn)方式：Whatarethestudentsmai文章的主旨：Payattentiontothenameofthiscourse.

Thelisteningpassagewillbeginlikethis:“Listentopartofalectureinan

astronomyclass”.Listentopartofalectureina___________class.

第14頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)文章的主旨：Payattentiontothenam（1）直接展開(kāi)（payattentiontothesentencesatthebeginning）todaywearegoingtobetalkingabout…I’dliketobeginmylecturebyintroducing…let’sfocuson…let’snowtakealookat…（2）問(wèn)答式展開(kāi)：howarecompaniestypicallystructured?Doyourememberwhattheyare?Howcanyouunderstandit?Whydoeshumanbeingconsideritimportant?Or:全文關(guān)鍵詞總結(jié)第15頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)（1）直接展開(kāi)（payattentiontothe干擾選項(xiàng)特征:

Toogeneral:anideathatisbeyondthefocusoftheconversationorlecturetoospecific:asupportingdetailinsteadofamainideainaccurate:nottrue,oronlypartiallytrue,accordingtothespeakersirrelevant:aboutsomethingthatthespeakersdon’tmention第16頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)干擾選項(xiàng)特征:

第16頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)TPO15Lecture1psychologyLecture1(第一句）Fordecades,psychologistshavebeenlookingatourabilitytoperformtaskswhileotherthingsaregoingon,howweareabletokeepfrombeingdistractedandwhattheconditionsforgoodconcentrationare.心理學(xué)家一直在觀察我們?cè)谶M(jìn)行一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)同時(shí)旁邊還有其他事情在進(jìn)行的能力，我們?cè)鯓颖３植槐桓蓴_，以及怎樣的條件下可以集中注意。教授通過(guò)開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山的方法，告訴我們lecture的主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于集中注意的能力的研究。（接著）Aslongagoas1982,researcherscameupwithsomethingcalledtheCFQ-theCognitiveFailuresQuestionnaire.這里講了研究者想出的一種叫做CFQ的研究方法。由此得出，答案是D，大腦怎樣處理干擾的研究。第17頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)TPO15Lecture1psychologyLeTPO15Lecture1psychology6.Whatisthelecturemainlyabout?A.Methodspeopleusedtoeliminatedistractions.(irrelevant)B.Theareaofthebrainresponsibleforblockingdistractions(toospecific)C.Theusefulnessofquestionnairesinassessingdistractibility.(irrelevant)D.Researchabouthowthebraindealswithdistractions.（research-CFQ）第18頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)TPO15Lecture1psychology6.TPO19conversation2

對(duì)話(huà)主要講述了關(guān)于cafeteria在一些食物問(wèn)題，比如用油過(guò)多，有機(jī)食物上的相關(guān)意見(jiàn)

全文關(guān)鍵詞總結(jié):mealplan,food,cafeteria18.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?Changesthatwillbemadeinfoodchoicesofferedtostudents(toospecific)Food-safetyproceduresfollowedbythecafeteriastaff（irrelevant）Issuesrelatedtothecafeteria'sfoodpolicyCommoncomplaintsaboutthefoodservedinthecafeteria(irrelevant)第19頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)TPO19conversation2

對(duì)話(huà)主要講述了關(guān)DETAILQUESTION細(xì)節(jié)題

什么是細(xì)節(jié)題？(what?)requirethelistenertounderstandandrememberexplicitdetailsorfactsthatareimportantasanexplanationoranexampleofthemainidea.Thesedetailsaretypicallyrelated,directlyorindirectly,tothegistofthetext,byprovidingelaboration,examplesorothersupport.第20頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)DETAILQUESTION細(xì)節(jié)題

什么是細(xì)節(jié)題？(wh(detail,support,example)

TIPS：Noinferenceisneeded.提問(wèn)方式：

Whatproblemdoesthemanhave?

Accordingtotheconversation,whataretwowaysinwhichbacteriacellsgetresistancegenes?WhydoestheprofessortalkaboutPlato’sdescriptionofsociety?Accordingtotheprofessor,whatisonewaythatXcanaffectY?Accordingtotheprofessor,whatisthemainproblemwiththeXtheory?WhatisX?WhatresultedfromtheinventionofX?第21頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)(detail,support,example)

TI舉例

example舉例的具體內(nèi)容、例子的作用

關(guān)注舉例的上下文，說(shuō)話(huà)的人為什么要舉這個(gè)例子，要證明什么，表明什么觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度，還有例子本身說(shuō)了那些內(nèi)容。

聽(tīng)標(biāo)志舉例的關(guān)鍵詞，比如：Forexample、like、forinstance、inthiscase、inanothercase、takethecaseof、onthisoccasion

第22頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)舉例

example舉例的具體內(nèi)容、例子的作用第22頁(yè)/聽(tīng)定義：（專(zhuān)有名詞+definition+supportingdetails）學(xué)科的專(zhuān)有名詞（首字母代替）標(biāo)志詞：itrefersto、thatis、thatmeans、whichmeans、Thisistosay、inotherwords、inanotherwords

第23頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)聽(tīng)定義：（專(zhuān)有名詞+definition+supportinTPO13lecture1cityplanning:

Now,whatisapedestrianmall?It’saprettysimpleconceptreally,itisessentiallyanoutdoorshoppingareadesignedjustforpeopleonfoot.And…well,unlikemanyofothershoppingmallsthatarebuiltinsuburbnowadays,thesepedestrianmallsaretypicallylocatedinthedowntownareasofthecity.Andtherearefeatureslikewhitesidewalks,comfortableoutdoorsittingandmaybeevenfortens---UN…youknowart.Therearevariationsonthismodelofcourse,…..第24頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)TPO13lecture1cityplanning聽(tīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)

提高聲調(diào)、放慢語(yǔ)速、前邊會(huì)有停頓，最常見(jiàn)的還是會(huì)有標(biāo)志詞e.gTPO1Lecture1Sowhenyougototheexhibit,Ireallywantyoutotakeacloselookatacertainpainting.It’safarmscene.Andthemostimportantis…、Thisisveryimportant…、Amajorpointis…、Theimportantideais…、Thethingabout…isextremelyimportant、Infact

第25頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)聽(tīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)

提高聲調(diào)、放慢語(yǔ)速、前邊會(huì)有停頓，最常見(jiàn)的還是會(huì)有標(biāo)聽(tīng)原因

聽(tīng)原因細(xì)節(jié)時(shí)，要注意什么是因，什么是果表示前因后果：So/therefore、consequently、asaconsequence、forthispurpose、resultin、leadto表示前果后因：Resultfrom、stemfor、originatefrom、springfromariseoutof、itlies/isin(that)

，because

第26頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)聽(tīng)原因

聽(tīng)原因細(xì)節(jié)時(shí)，要注意什么是因，什么是果第26頁(yè)/共TPO13lecture1cityplanningBusinessownersinthecitycentersorthedowntownareashaveexperiencedsomefinanciallosses,(果)becauseofthecitymovementofthepeopleoutofthecityandthenintosuburbs.（因）第27頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)TPO13lecture1cityplanning聽(tīng)結(jié)尾

判斷結(jié)尾的部分只要看考試界面的時(shí)間條

會(huì)出現(xiàn)表示結(jié)尾的詞，例如：Tosumup、Toconclude/inconclusion、Insummary/

tosummarize。

第28頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)聽(tīng)結(jié)尾

判斷結(jié)尾的部分只要看考試界面的時(shí)間條第28頁(yè)/共5聽(tīng)數(shù)字、地點(diǎn)、人物

聽(tīng)聽(tīng)數(shù)字、地點(diǎn)、人物時(shí)注意他們所代表的內(nèi)容、所指的內(nèi)容還有有同類(lèi)內(nèi)容時(shí)他們的區(qū)別，具體時(shí)間段發(fā)生的事情等。

第29頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)聽(tīng)數(shù)字、地點(diǎn)、人物

聽(tīng)聽(tīng)數(shù)字、地點(diǎn)、人物時(shí)注意他們所代表的內(nèi)相似或者對(duì)比

表示相似的表達(dá)有：like、similar、resemblance、toresemble、similarity，表示對(duì)比的表達(dá)：incontrastwith...、whereas、onthecontrary、differentfrom...、ontheotherhand、however、but

第30頁(yè)/共59頁(yè)相似或者對(duì)比

表示相似的表達(dá)有：like、similar、rTPO16Lecture2Musichistory16.WhydoestheprofessordiscussClaraSchumann?Sheinfluencedthedesignofthemodernpiano.Shegrewupinanenvironmentthatencouragedfemalemusicians.Hermusicaltalentswereinheritedfromherparents.HerbackgroundandRobertSchumann’sbackgroundweresimilar.細(xì)節(jié)（舉例目的題），1.答案出現(xiàn)在lecture結(jié)尾。2.舉例(理解)原文：Claragrewuptobecome