河南省濮陽市2020屆高三英語摸底考試試題【含答案】

河南省濮陽市2020屆高三英語摸底試題（試卷）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B，C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace？A.Inabookshop.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inalibrary.2.WhatwillJanedoat11:30tomorrow？A.Visitafriend.B.Pickupherdaughter.C.Havelunchwiththeman.3.Howmuchwillthemanpay？A.￡100.B.￡10.C.￡90.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers？A.Classmates.B.Bossandsecretary.C.Teacherandstudent.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whentoleave.B.Whattodrink.C.Wheretomeet.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatisIdadoing？A.Makingashoppinglist.B.Doingsomeshopping.C.SearchingTaobao.7.WhatisIdaplanningtobuy？A.Juiceandsugar.B.Tomatoesandmeat.C.Beerandwine.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Wheredoesthemanwanttogo？A.TheCityHall.B.ThePostOffice.C.ThePlazaHotel.9.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext？A.Takeataxi.B.WaitforNo.15bus.C.Walktothenearestsubwaystation.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whoisansweringthephone？A.Julia.B.Julia’scousin.C.Julia’sbrother.11.WhathappenedtoTin’sbat？A.It’sbroken.B.It’sstolen.C.It’smissing.12.WhatdoesTinaaskJuliatodotomorrow？A.Takeamessageforher.B.BringtheCDandtheextrabat.CPlaytabletenniswithhercousin.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdidthemandoin1960？A.Hewenttocollege.B.Hemademanyfriends.C.Heleftthenorthernstates.14.Whatwaslifelikeinthenorthernstates？A.Theblacksweretreatedequally.B.Mostpeoplewerenotnicetooutsiders.C.Peopleofdifferentraceswerefriendlytoeachother.15.WhendidthemanwintheNobelPrize？A.In1960B.In1968.C.ln1986.16.Whatdidthemandowiththeprizemoney？A.Hegaveittothecollege.B.Hegaveittopoorchildren.C.HegaveittotheFreedomMovement.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whichbookwillyouchooseifyoulikescience？A.ShallowEarth.B.GiveMeShelter.C.JumpfortheStars.18.WhoarethemaincharactersofShallowEarth？A.Agroupofsoldiers.B.Agroupofplayers.C.Twoyoungpeople.19.WhatisGiveMeSheltermainlyabout？A.Chinesefamilies’lifestory.B.Chineseteenagers’growingstory.C.TwoShanghaiteenagers’lovestory.20.WhatisTrayMcGrady？A.Abasketballplayer.B.AdirectorC.Awriter.第二部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Adiffergo.Herepinggo.Herediffergo.Herepingcustoms.Whenyoutravel,youneedtoknowhowtotipinthecountrythatyou’rein;otherwiseyou’llleaveserversangryeverywhereyougo.Herearejustafewguidelinestotippingaroundtheworld.BrazilTherewillalwaysbeastandard10%servicechargeaddedtoyourbill,andyouwon’tnecessarilyhavetotip.Ifyoudofeellikebeinggenerous,anextra5-10%willreallymakeyourserververyhappy.Justremembertodothisasskillfullyaspossible—Braziliansdon’tmakeabigshowofthis.DubaiInDubaiit’saruleforrestaurantstocharge10%tiponallrestaurantandbarbills.Youcanaddacoupleofdirhams（迪拉姆,貨幣單位）tothisifyoufeellikeit.WaitersarenotpaidverymuchinDubai,soitisalwaysveryappreciated.GermanyGermanbarsandrestaurantswillincludethetipaspartofwhatyouowe,butthat’snotallyouhavetopay.Itisacustomtoroundthebillupafterthat,usuallytotheeuro.Thiscanbeanywherefrom5-10%.Whenit’stimetosettleup,youwon’tgetabill:yourwaitertellsyouthetotalandthenyoutellthemhowmuchyouwanttopay,includingyour“tip”,andhandoverthemoney.CzechRepublichook.Foreignhook.ForeignhRepublicdon’tleavetips,thatdoesn’tmeanyou’reoffthehook.Foreigntouristsaredefinitelyexpectedtoleavesomekindoftipforservice—aslongasyou’reinahightouristtrafficarea,likePragueforinstance.Thestandardtipis10%.IndiaIfyouliketheservice,goaheadandtipyourserver5-10%.Youhavetoadjustthatamountthough,basedonhowbigthemealyou’reeatingis.Ifthebillisforasmallmeal,andtotalslessthan300rupees,tipthefull10%.Ifthebillishigher,tiptowardsthe5%.1.Inwhichcountrydocustomershavetotipatleast10%fortheservice?A.Dubai B.IndiaC.Germany D.CzechRepublic2.Whichcountryhasdifferenttipculturesbetweencitizensandforeigners?A.Dubai B.GermanyC.India D.CzechRepublic3.Ifyourbillis2000rupeesinIndia,itisproperforyoutotip________rupees.A.10 B.80C.120 D.2001.A2.D3.C【分析】這是一篇說明文，作者介紹了巴西、迪拜、德國、捷克和印度的餐飲小費(fèi)文化?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中Dubai（迪拜）部分的介紹“InDubaiit’saruleforrestaurantstocharge10%tiponallrestaurantandbarbills.Youcanaddacoupleofdirhamstothisifyoufeellikeit.”可知在迪拜，餐館都會直接基于賬單收取10%的小費(fèi)，這已經(jīng)成為一項(xiàng)規(guī)則，在此基礎(chǔ)上可以自愿多給。另結(jié)合全文，其他國家都沒有這種強(qiáng)制性的規(guī)矩，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一、二句“WhilelocalsintheCzechRepublicdon’tleavetips,thatdoesn’tmeanyou’reoffthehook.Foreigntouristsaredefinitelyexpectedtoleavesomekindoftipforservice”可知捷克共和國的公民不給小費(fèi)，但是外國人一定要給小費(fèi)，在這個國家對于公民和外國游客的小費(fèi)文化是不同的，故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。結(jié)合最后一段的總體介紹，一頓飯是否為“大餐”決定了小費(fèi)比例，并根據(jù)“Ifthebillisforasmallmeal,andtotalslessthan300rupees,tipthefull10%.Ifthebillishigher,tiptowardsthe5%.”推知如果消費(fèi)賬單超過300盧布，小費(fèi)從10%逐步下降，最低至5%，2000盧布的賬單小費(fèi)應(yīng)該小于10%（200盧布）大于5%（100盧布），只有C項(xiàng)的120落在這個區(qū)間范圍內(nèi)，故選C。完成閱讀理解中的“細(xì)節(jié)理解”題型，應(yīng)注意對干擾項(xiàng)的輒別和排除，例如本篇中的第1小題，如果沒有仔細(xì)閱讀文本，可能會因A項(xiàng)Dubai（迪拜）和D項(xiàng)CzechRepublic（捷克）的對應(yīng)段落中都含有“強(qiáng)制性小費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為10%”的表述而錯選，但仔細(xì)閱讀文章后發(fā)現(xiàn)，localsintheCzechRepublicdon’tleavetips（捷克當(dāng)?shù)厝耸菬o須給小費(fèi)的），強(qiáng)制性的小費(fèi)只對游客有效，它和迪拜全體給小費(fèi)的情況很不同，因而要及時排除干擾項(xiàng)D。BLiZiqi,ashortvideobloggerspecializingintraditionalChinesecookingandhandicrafts,hasgainedworldwidepopularity.Lihasabout20millionfollowersonSinaWeibo.China’sequivalentto,plus7millionfollowersonoverseassocialmedianetworks.ManyforeignerssaytheyhavegottoknowtraditionalChinesefoodcultureviaherchannel.Itisthespiritofcraftsmanship（技藝）behindherworksthatmakesLi’svideoclipsattractive.ShestrictlyfollowstheauthentictraditionalstepsandproceduresinmakingtraditionalChinesefoodandhandicrafts,suchaspeachflowerwineandsilk,andgoestogreatlengthstoensurehervideosareaccurate.Sometimesshespendsseveralmonthsproducingoneofhervideos.Lihasbeeninheriting（繼承）traditionalChinesecultureinarathercreativeway.Acloserlookathervideoswillshowthattheyareneverwithany“analysis”thatmakespeoplefeelbored.TheyjustshowaudienceseachandeverydetailoftraditionalChineseculturesothatthelatterknowshowChineselivetheirbeautifulandelegantlives.Itisthatuniversalappealthatmakesherworkssoattractive.ThankstoLi’sefforts,manyintangibleculturalheritagesthatonlyexistedinmemoriesandwrittenrecordsnowappearbeforeoureyes.Viahershortvideos,LipresentstheimageofabeautifulandfriendlyChina.WiththegrowthoftheChineseeconomy,peopleoverseasareshowingmoreinterestintraditionalChineseculture.Lihasshownhowtosatisfythatinterestinagoodway,namelyshowingthebestpartsoftraditionalChineseculturewithherheart.ToeffectivelypresentthebeautyofChineseculturetotheworld,weneedmoreLiZigi.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutLiZigi’svideoclips？A.TheypromotethesalesofChinesefoodandhandicrafts.B.Theyattractalargenumberofforeignerstovisitheronlineshop.C.Theyarebasedonherfamily’srecipesofmakingtraditionalChinesefood.D.TheyaimtointroducetraditionalChinesefoodcultureandhandicraftsworldwide.5.WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph3andParagraph4?A.AnalysisofChinesecultureinLi’svideosmakespeoplebored.B.DetailsandaccuracyplaysignificantrolesinthesuccessofLi’svideos.C.Limakessureallofhervideoclipsareshortenoughtobedownloaded.D.Culturalheritagesusuallyexistinmemoriesandwrittenaccounts.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intangible”inParagraph4mean？A.immaterial. B.inaccessible.C.invaluable. D.unnoticeable.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toprovideguidanceoncookingandmakinghandicrafts.B.TosuggestawayofattractingmorefollowersonSinaWeibo.C.ToencouragemorepeopletomakeeffortstobringChineseculturetotheworld.D.Togiveanexampleofhowtogainworldwidepopularityasaashortvideoblogger.4.D5.B6.A7.C【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了以拍攝古風(fēng)美食短視頻出名的李子柒如何把中國人傳統(tǒng)而本真的生活方式呈現(xiàn)出來，讓現(xiàn)代都市人找到一種心靈的歸屬感，也讓世界理解了一種生活中的中國文化?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段主題句“LiZiqi,ashortvideobloggerspecializingintraditionalChinesecookingandhandicrafts,hasgainedworldwidepopularity.”以及第二段“ManyforeignerssaytheyhavegottoknowtraditionalChinesefoodcultureviaherchannel”可知，專注于中國傳統(tǒng)烹飪和手工藝品的短視頻博客作者李子柒在全球范圍內(nèi)廣受歡迎，外國友人通過她的頻道了解了中國傳統(tǒng)飲食文化，李子柒的視頻旨在將中國文化引向世界，D項(xiàng)“他們的目標(biāo)是在世界范圍內(nèi)介紹中國傳統(tǒng)的飲食文化和手工藝品?！笔钦_答案。故選D。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Shestrictlyfollowstheauthentictraditionalstepsandprocedures,andgoestogreatlengthstoensurehervideosareaccurate.”以及第四段第三句“TheyjustshowaudienceseachandeverydetailoftraditionalChineseculturesothatthelatterknowshowChineselivetheirbeautifulandelegantlives.”可知，在制作中國傳統(tǒng)食品和手工藝品時，李子柒嚴(yán)格遵循地道的傳統(tǒng)步驟和程序，并竭盡全力確保視頻的準(zhǔn)確性。她的視頻向觀眾展示傳統(tǒng)中國文化的每一個細(xì)節(jié)，以便讓觀眾了解中國人的日常生活。因此推斷準(zhǔn)確度和細(xì)節(jié)是李子柒的視頻如此受歡迎的主要原因，故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后的修飾語“thatonlyexistedinmemoriesandwrittenrecordsnowappearbeforeoureyes.”可知，在李子柒的努力下，許多僅存在于記憶和書面記錄中的文化遺產(chǎn)現(xiàn)在出現(xiàn)在我們眼前，而文化遺產(chǎn)顯然有別于物質(zhì)遺產(chǎn)。結(jié)合文中出現(xiàn)的culturalheritages詞組及本文的語境，可知劃線詞意思是“非物質(zhì)的、無形的、觸摸不到的”，故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。本題要求推理分析作者的寫作意圖，根據(jù)第五段第二句“Lihasshownhowtosatisfythatinterestinagoodway,namelyshowingthebestpartsoftraditionalChineseculturewithherheart.（李展示如何以一種好方式滿足這種興趣，也就是說用心展示中國傳統(tǒng)文化的最好部分。）”以及全文最后一段“ToeffectivelypresentthebeautyofChineseculturetotheworld,weneedmoreLiZiqi.（為了有效地向世界展示中國文化的美，我們需要更多的李子柒。）”可知，本文主要介紹了以拍攝古風(fēng)美食短視頻出名的李子柒如何把中國人傳統(tǒng)而本真的生活方式呈現(xiàn)出來，向世界打開美麗中國的一扇窗口，讓世界理解了一種生活著的中國文化。作者希望未來有更多像李子柒這樣的人物向世界展示和推廣中國傳統(tǒng)文化，鼓勵更多的人努力把中國文化帶到世界上。故選C。在閱讀中我們經(jīng)常會考查猜測詞義題。事實(shí)上，閱讀材料中的每個詞與它前后的詞語或句子甚至段落都有聯(lián)系。運(yùn)用邏輯推理猜測詞義是使用最廣考查最多也最易失分的猜詞方式，這要求考生具備整合分散、復(fù)雜信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各種已知信息）并結(jié)合具體的語境推測、判斷某些詞或短語的詞義。例如小題3。根據(jù)劃線詞后的修飾語“thatonlyexistedinmemoriesandwrittenrecordsnowappearbeforeoureyes.”可知，在李子柒的努力下，許多僅存在于記憶和書面記錄中的文化遺產(chǎn)現(xiàn)在出現(xiàn)在我們眼前，而文化遺產(chǎn)顯然有別于物質(zhì)遺產(chǎn)。結(jié)合文中出現(xiàn)的culturalheritages詞組及本文的語境，可知劃線詞意思是“非物質(zhì)的、無形的、觸摸不到的”，故選A。CKar-goistheinventionoftheUnitedKingdom-basedAcademyofRobotics,whichdescribesitas”Europe'sfirstroad-worthyautonomousdeliveryvehicle".UsingAI,thisautonomousdeliveryvehicleofferscustomersanappsimilartooneusedwhenorderingataxi-allowingthemtochoosewhenandwheretheirpackagesaredelivered.CormpanieslikeTeslaandAmazonhaveinvestedheavilyinautonomousvehicles,whichhavethepotentialtocreateaseaofchangesinbusinessandsociety.Resemblingsomethinglikeagreeneggonwheels,Kar-go'saimistoreducethecostofwhat'sknownasthe"lastmiledeliverychallenge".Thisisthefinalstageofyouronlinepackage'sjourney,fromalocalwarehousetoyourfrontdoor.Laborcosts,payingdrivers,thecostoffuelandthevehiclecostsformaintainingsmallvehiclesallcontributetomakingthisthemostexpensivepartofthedeliveryprocess.Thefirstpartofthepackage'sjourneyisfarcheaper,withhighvolumesofpackagesbeingtransportedtoandfromthesamelocation.However,attheotherend,driversdeliversmallershipmentstoseveraldifferentlocationswheretherecipientmaynotevenbeavailabletocollect.WiththelatestAItechnology,Kar-gowilldelivergoodssafely,sustainablyandinstyle.TheAIvehicleusesspecialtechnologytobecomeanexpertonitsownindividualroute,learningfrompastexperiencesinordertohelpitselfdealwithnewfutureobstacles(障礙物)ontheroad.Kar-goalsohasitsveryowninternalsortingsystem,allowingthevehicletransportpackagesinthecorrectorderfordelivery.By2030，theSocietyofMotorManufacturersandTraderspredictstheautonomousmarketcouldadd$62billionineconomicgrowthintheUK,creatingmorethan420,000newjobs.Eletric,self-driving,economicandcapableofworking24/7，Kar-gopromisestoreducethelastmiledeliverycostbyupto90%，providinganefficientsolutiontotherapidly-expandingonlineretail(零售)market.8.FromthefirstparagraphweknowKar-go__________.A.isanappusedtoorderataxiB.isEurope'sfirstautonomousvehicleC.hascreatedgreatchangesinbusinessandsocietyD.transportsgoodsatcustomers'convenience9.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellus?A.HowKar-godeliversthegoods.B.WhatchallengesKar-gomayface.C.Howthedriversreducedeliverycost.D.Whythelastmiledeliveryisexpensive.10.WhatistheadvantageoftheAItechnologyusedbyKar-go?A.Ithasanadvancedinternalsortingsystem.BItenablesvehiclestoworkmoreefficiently.C.Itmakesadriverbecomeanexpertintraffic.D.Ithelpspeoplecleannewobstacleontheroad.11.WhatinfluencedoesKar-gohaveontheUK?A.Itwillcreateoverjobsfordrivers.B.Itwillreducethedeliverycostbyupto90%”C.Itmaycontributetothegrowthofonlinebusiness.D.ItmaymaketheUKleadintheautonomousmarket.8.D9.D10.B11.C這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一款新發(fā)明—Kar-go，它可能會有效減少最后一公里運(yùn)輸?shù)某杀?，帶來線上零售的增長?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“UsingAI,thisautonomousdeliveryvehicleofferscustomersanapp-similartooneusedwhenorderingataxi-allowingthemtochoosewhenandwheretheirpackagesaredelivered.”可知利用人工智能，這款自動送貨車為顧客提供了一個應(yīng)用程序，類似于訂購出租車時使用的應(yīng)用程序，允許他們選擇包裹何時何地送達(dá)。所以這個發(fā)明是一款給客戶帶來方便的交通工具。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知勞動力成本、支付司機(jī)的費(fèi)用、燃料成本和維護(hù)小型車輛的車輛成本，都使得這成為交付過程中最昂貴的部分。所以第二段主要是描述為什么最后一英里的運(yùn)輸如此昂貴。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Kar-goalsohasitsveryowninternalsortingsystem,allowingthevehicletransportpackagesinthecorrectorderfordelivery.”,可知Kar-go也有自己的內(nèi)部分揀系統(tǒng)，允許車輛按照正確的順序運(yùn)送包裹，所以它可以讓交通工具更加高效。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Kar-gopromisestoreducethelastmiledeliverycostbyupto90%，providinganefficientsolutiontotherapidly-expandingonlineretailmarket.”可知Kar-go承諾降低最后一英里的交付成本90%,為在線零售市場提供一個有效的解決方案。所以它可能會推動在線交易的增長。DTheraceto5Gison.AllfourmajorUScarriersnowhavesomeformof5Gwireless,althoughit’salllimitedroll-outsinonlyafewcities,mostlyusingexpensivephonesthatwon’tsupportfuturenationwide5Gnetworks.We’retrackingtheroll-outsmonthlyonourRaceto5Gpage.Theearly5Groll-outsaremorelikeapublictestthanafinalproduct.AT＆T,Verizon,andT-Mobileareallusingtechnologiesthatonlytravelabout800feetfromacellsite,whichmeansthereisn’tmuchcoverage.Allfourcarriersarewaitingforupgrades（升級）totheirbasestationsthatwillimprovecoverage,speed,andreliability.Aroundtheendofthisyearorthebeginningof2020,AT＆T,Verizon,andT-Mobileallintendtolaunch5Gnetworksthatusetheexisting4Gspectrum（頻譜）,whichwillhaveslowerspeedsbutbroadercoverage.We’vetestedAT＆TinDallasandLasVegasSprintinDallasandNewYork;VerizoninChicago,NewYork,andProvidence;andT-MobileinNewYork.Everymonth,we’vebeenseeingbetterperformanceandmorenewdevices.It’smessy.It’sveryearlydays.Andifyoulikenewtechnology,it’sveryexciting.Inpreviousmobiletransformations,we’veseenmostofthebigchangeshappeningyearsafterthefirstannouncement.Take4G,forinstance.Thefirst4GphonesintheUSappearedin2010.Butthesortsof4Gapplicationsthatchangedourworlddidn’tappearuntillater.Sofollowingthatplan.Whilewe’regettingalittlebitof5Grightnow,youshouldexpectthebig5Gapplicationstocropuparound2021or2022.5Gstandsforfifth-generation-cellular（蜂窩狀的）wireless,andtheinitialstandardsofitweresetattheendof2017.Butasetofstandardsdoesn’tmeanthatall5Gwillworkthesame-orthatweevenknowwhatapplications5Gwillenable.Therewillbeslowbutresponsive5G,andfast5Gwithlimitedcoverage.12.Whatisthepresentstateof5GintheUS？A.Initialexploration. B.Greatimprovement.C.Wideapplication. D.Extensivepromotion.13.Whydoestheauthortake4Gforexample？A.Topersuadecarrierstogiveup5G.B.Toremindpeopleof4G’simportance.C.Toprove5Gtakestimetomakeagreaterdifference.D.Toshow5Ghasfailedtomeetexpectations.14.What’stheauthor’sattitudeto5G？A.Cautious. B.Skeptical.C.Opposed. D.Objective.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext？A.Raceto5G B.5GiscomingC.Howfastis5G？ D.Whatis5G？12.A13.C14.D15.B【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了5G時代來臨，盡管目前覆蓋有限，發(fā)展緩慢，但是反應(yīng)靈敏，有良好的前景。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的AllfourmajorUScarriersnowhavesomeformof5Gwireless,althoughit’salllimitedroll-outsinonlyafewcities,mostlyusingexpensivephonesthatwon’tsupportfuturenationwide5Gnetworks.（所有四大美國運(yùn)輸公司現(xiàn)在都有某種形式的5G無線，盡管僅在少數(shù)幾個城市有限推廣，主要使用不支持未來全國范圍的5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)的昂貴的手機(jī)，）可推斷，美國目前5G的現(xiàn)狀還在初步探索階段。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的Inpreviousmobiletransformations,we’veseenmostofthebigchangeshappeningyearsafterthefirstannouncement.（在以前的移動轉(zhuǎn)換中，我們已經(jīng)看到大部分的大變化發(fā)生在第一次發(fā)布之后的幾年）接下來以4G為例說明這個觀點(diǎn)，美國第一批4g手機(jī)出現(xiàn)在2010年，但改變我們世界的4g應(yīng)用程序直到后來才出現(xiàn)。所以按照那個計劃。雖然我們現(xiàn)在的5g僅有少量，大量的5g應(yīng)用程序使用被期待會在2021或2022年左右出現(xiàn)。因此推斷作者以4G為例，是為例證明5G需要時間才能做出更大的改變。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Therewillbeslowbutresponsive5G,andfast5Gwithlimitedcoverage.可知，作者認(rèn)為5G發(fā)展將會緩慢但是反應(yīng)熱烈的，覆蓋有限但是快速。因此推斷作者對5G的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選D。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的Theraceto5Gison.（5G時代開始了）和第二段的Theearly5Groll-outsaremorelikeapublictestthanafinalproduct.（早期的5g推出更像是一個公共測試，而不是最終產(chǎn)品。）以及最后一段的Therewillbeslowbutresponsive5G,andfast5Gwithlimitedcoverage.（5G緩慢但反應(yīng)靈敏，快速，覆蓋有限。）可推斷，文章主要介紹了5G競賽正在發(fā)展，盡管有限但是快速，如同4G一樣，需要一定的時間發(fā)展。因此推斷B“5G時代來臨”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。推理判斷試題屬于高層次閱讀理解題。這種題型包括判斷題和推理題。這兩類題常常相互依存，推理是為了得出正確的判斷，正確的判斷又依賴于合乎邏輯的推理。推理題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，做出一定判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中某一句話，也可是某幾句話，但做題的指導(dǎo)思想都是以文字信息為依據(jù)，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根據(jù)的推理，也不能根據(jù)表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是說，要做到判斷有據(jù),推論有理,忠實(shí)原文。切忌用自己的觀點(diǎn)代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面結(jié)論。例如小題2，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的Inpreviousmobiletransformations,we’veseenmostofthebigchangeshappeningyearsafterthefirstannouncement.（在以前的移動轉(zhuǎn)換中，我們已經(jīng)看到大部分的大變化發(fā)生在第一次發(fā)布之后的幾年）接下來以4G為例說明這個觀點(diǎn)，美國第一批4g手機(jī)出現(xiàn)在2010年，但改變我們世界的4g應(yīng)用程序直到后來才出現(xiàn)。所以按照那個計劃。雖然我們現(xiàn)在的5g僅有少量，大量的5g應(yīng)用程序使用被期待會在2021或2022年左右出現(xiàn)。因此推斷作者以4G為例，是為例證明5G需要時間才能做出更大的改變。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分1分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。life.___ionlife.___mmonphenomenoninoursociallife.___16___Thereisconstantcompetitionforacademicdegrees,jobs,customers,moneyandsoforth.Inasense,competitionisoneofthemotiveforcestothedevelopmentofsociety.___17___Therefore,theonlywaytosurviveistobecompetitive.Growinginacompetitiveenvironmentisimportantforachildbecausefutureadultlifeisdifficult.Findingagoodjob,forexample,isanextremelycompetitiveactivity.ways.___ostways.___18___employees.___femployees.___hvariousways.___18___employees.___fpeopleisrapidlyincreasing.Competitionismoreviolentthanwhatwethoughtitshouldbe.Thepotentiallysuccessfuljobapplicanthastobepreparedinstrongerpositionbygainingmorequalificationsandexperience.Inthebusinessworld,tobeatyourcompetitors,youmustbebetterthantheotheremployees.___19___life.___life.___ywayourworldrewardspeopleistogivehonortothewinners,nottothelosers.Byattemptingtocompeteatdifferentactivities,welearntowinand

lose,gainexperienceandknowourstrengthsandweaknesses.Competitionpreparesusforthetoughthingsinlife.___20___A.Otherwise,youwillbedefeated.B.Modernsocietydemandshigh-qualitytalents.C.Learningtobecompetitiveisclearlythebestpreparationforthetoughlife.D.Therearealsomanypeoplewhohavehigherdegreesintheirspecialfields.E.Childrenhavetolearntobecompetitiveinordertoadapttomodernsociety.F.Inthenaturalworld,theweakwillbereplacedbythestrongandthefittestcanlive.G.Wecompetewhenweplaygamesandwhenwetrytodobetterthanothersinourstudy.16.G17.F18.D19.A20.C【分析】本文是一篇議論文。競爭是社會生活的常見現(xiàn)象。從某種意義上說，競爭是社會發(fā)展的動力之一。在自然界，生存的唯一途徑就是競爭。如今人們的素質(zhì)正在迅速提高。競爭比我們認(rèn)為的更激烈。學(xué)習(xí)競爭顯然是艱難生活的最佳準(zhǔn)備。?！?6題詳解】上文Competitionisacommonphenomenoninoursociallife.提到競爭是我們社會生活中常見的現(xiàn)象，下文Thereisconstantcompetitionforacademicdegrees,jobs,customers,moneyandsoforth.說學(xué)術(shù)學(xué)位、工作、客戶、金錢等方面不斷競爭。G項(xiàng)中的compete與上文是同類詞，G項(xiàng)“當(dāng)我們玩游戲時，當(dāng)我們試圖在學(xué)習(xí)中比別人做得更好時，我們就會競爭。”符合語境，解釋上文，與下文一致。故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空格下文Therefore,theonlywaytosurviveistobecompetitive.（因此，存活的唯一方法是競爭。）可推斷，闡述了上文內(nèi)容的原因，因此推斷F項(xiàng)“在自然界中，弱者將被強(qiáng)者所取代，適者生存?！狈?，故選F?！?8題詳解】空格上文Today,mostpeopletrytogetgoodeducationthroughvariousways.說明今天，大多數(shù)人試圖通過各種方式獲得良好的教育，D項(xiàng)“也有許多人在他們的特殊領(lǐng)域有更高的學(xué)位?！保昂笪囊馑家恢?，also是關(guān)鍵詞。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空格上文Inthebusinessworld,tobeatyourcompetitors,youmustbebetterthantheotheremployees.可知，在商業(yè)世界中，要擊敗競爭對手，你必須比其他員工更好。因此否則你將會被打敗。故A選項(xiàng)“否則你將會被打敗”符合語境，是對上文的說明。故選A。【20題詳解】根據(jù)空格上文Competitionpreparesusforthetoughthingsinlife.可知，競爭使我們?yōu)樯钪械钠D難事情做好了準(zhǔn)備。因此推斷學(xué)習(xí)競爭顯然是艱難生活的最佳準(zhǔn)備。故C選項(xiàng)“學(xué)習(xí)競爭顯然是艱難生活的最佳準(zhǔn)備”是對上文的總結(jié)。故選C。七選五的解題技巧之一是根據(jù)上下文詞匯來鎖定線索。即：要關(guān)注空白前后的名詞和動詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找它們的近義詞、反義詞、同義詞、同類詞等。其次是一些專有名詞，比如說數(shù)詞、代詞、時間、年代、地點(diǎn)/名稱等。在本文中小題1，上文Competitionisacommonphenomenoninoursociallife.提到競爭是我們社會生活中常見的現(xiàn)象，下文Thereisconstantcompetitionforacademicdegrees,jobs,customers,moneyandsoforth.說學(xué)術(shù)學(xué)位、工作、客戶、金錢等方面不斷競爭。G項(xiàng)中的compete與上文是同類詞，G項(xiàng)“當(dāng)我們玩游戲時，當(dāng)我們試圖在學(xué)習(xí)中比別人做得更好時，我們就會競爭。”句意符合，解釋上文與下文一致。故選G。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。CiudadPerdida,Colombia’s“LostCity”isolderthanMachuPicchu.Therearenotrainsorbusesallowingof___21___travelstoreachitsruins.Theremoteplaceisonly___22___onfoot:atiringmulti-dayhike.Despitethis,Icouldn’t___23___theopportunitytovisitCiudadPerdida.12otherhikersandIwenttherein___24___withalicensedguide.Thedirtpath,which___25___throughtoweringpalmsanddanglingvines（藤蔓）,proved___26___rightfromthestart.It’srecommendedhikershavegoodphysical___27___,asthejourneyisdifficult.Horseshelpedtocarrybasic___28___likefoodtothecabinswherewewouldsleep.Alongthewaywealsometthe___29___.Theyhavebeenleftundisturbedforcenturiesandthere’sadeep_____30_____betweenthemandtheland.Thenextmorning,wewereoffearlyto_____31_____already_____32_____to_____33_____.Afteredto_____33_____.Afteralready_____32_____to_____33_____.Afteredthefinalstage-1,200stonestepsto___.Afterfinallyliftingmy_____34_____bodyupthelongflightofstairs,myeyesrestedonthescenethathad_____35_____thehardjourney:CiudadPerdida.Ilookeddownand_____36_____atthebeautifulsitebelow.Wewereamongahandfulofothergroupsvisiting,whichseemedlike_____37_____comparedtoothercrowdedtouristattractions.Whilethereturntripincluded_____38_____thementalhurdle（障礙）ofhavingalreadyaccomplishedourgoal,theexperienceistheoneIwoulddo_____39_____.Itisthedifficultythatmakesthejourneyamore_____40_____one.Earnedviewsarealwaysbetter.21.A.long B.easy C.frequent D.endless22.A.impressive B.dangerous C.worthwhile D.accessible23.A.resist B.obtain C.promote D.grasp24.A.harmony B.combination C.company D.communication25.A.buried B.spread C.spun D.wound26.A.disappointing B.embarrassing C.challenging D.amazing27.A.character B.fitness C.independence D.confidence28.A.equipment B.furniture C.possessions D.necessities29.A.natives B.visitors C.guides D.drivers30.A.difference B.distance C.bond D.belief31.A.reduce B.avoid C.refuse D.abandon32.A.watchedout B.cutoff C.setin D.gavein33.A.cover B.catch C.construct D.explore34.A.energetic B.painful C.unhealthy D.damaged35.A.convinced B.predicted C.motivated D.surprised36.A.aimed B.pointed C.viewed D.wondered37A.something B.nothing C.anything D.everything38.A.overcoming B.memorizing C.observing D.fixing39.A.otherwise B.instead C.though D.again40.A.rewarding B.sensitive C.popular D.flexible21.B22.D23.A24.C25.D26.C27.B28.D29.A30.C31.B32.D33.A34.B35.C36.D37.B38.A39.D40.A本文是一篇說明文。作者講述了自己參觀哥倫比亞的“遺失的城市”CiudadPerdida的經(jīng)歷?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有火車或公共汽車允許輕松到達(dá)它的廢墟。A.long長的；B.easy容易的；C.frequent頻繁的；D.endless無盡的。根據(jù)上文Therearenotrainsorbuses可知，沒有火車和汽車，能夠讓你輕松的到達(dá)這個廢墟。故選B。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這所偏僻的城市僅能步行到達(dá)。A.impressive給人印象深刻的；B.dangerous危險的；C.worthwhile值得的；D.accessible可到達(dá)的。根據(jù)onfoot可推斷，這個城市僅能步行到達(dá)。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管這樣，我無法抗拒去參觀CiudadPerdida.的機(jī)會。A.resist抵制；B.obtain獲得；C.promote促進(jìn)；提升；D.grasp抓住。根據(jù)下文12otherhikersandIwentthere可知，我不能錯過去參觀的機(jī)會。couldn’tresist無法抗拒。故選A。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我和另外12個徒步旅行者帶著一個有執(zhí)照的導(dǎo)游一起去了那里。A.harmony和諧；B.combination組合；C.company陪伴；陪同；D.communication交流。按照常理推斷，導(dǎo)游陪伴我們旅行。incompanywith“與某人一起”，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一條土路，蜿蜒通向高聳的棕櫚樹和懸掛的藤蔓，證明從一開始就具有挑戰(zhàn)性。A.buried埋葬；B.spread傳播；C.spun使……旋轉(zhuǎn)；D.wound(道路、河流或一隊(duì)人)蜿蜒向前。根據(jù)空格.Thedirtpath可知，小路應(yīng)是蜿蜒向前。故選D。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.disappointing令人失望的；B.embarrassing令人尷尬的；C.challenging具有挑戰(zhàn)性的；D.amazing令人吃驚的。根據(jù)上文可知，小路蜿蜒通向高聳的棕櫚樹和藤蔓，步行旅行時具有挑戰(zhàn)性的。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：推薦徒步旅行者有良好的身體素質(zhì)，因?yàn)槁贸淌抢щy的。A.character性格；B.fitness健康；C.independence獨(dú)立；D.confidence信心。根據(jù)下文asthejourneyisdifficult可知，旅程是困難，因此徒步者應(yīng)該身體素質(zhì)好。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：馬幫助馱著基本的必需品，如食物，帶我們到達(dá)睡覺的小屋。A.equipment裝備；B.furniture家具；C.possessions財產(chǎn)；D.necessities必需品。根據(jù)likefood，可知是指基本的必需品。故選D。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一路上，我們也遇到了本地人。A.natives本地人；B.visitors參觀者；C.guides導(dǎo)游；D.drivers司機(jī)。沿路最有可能遇到的是本地人,因?yàn)檫@是很少有人涉足的地方。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們已經(jīng)不受干擾了幾個世紀(jì)，他們和土地之間有著深厚的聯(lián)系。A.difference不同；B.distance距離；C.bond聯(lián)系；紐帶；D.belief信仰。根據(jù)上文.Theyhavebeenleftundisturbedforcenturies可知，他們已經(jīng)不受干擾了幾個世紀(jì)，因此他們和土地之間有著深厚的聯(lián)系。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天上午，為了避免炎熱，我們早早出發(fā)，但是當(dāng)我們到達(dá)最后階段時，高溫和肌肉疼痛已經(jīng)消退了——走了1200個石階。A.reduce減少；B.avoid避免；C.refuse拒絕；D.abandon廢棄。根據(jù)上文wewereoffearly可知我們早出發(fā)是為了避免炎熱。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：第二天上午，我們早早出發(fā)，為了避免炎熱，但是當(dāng)我們到達(dá)最后階段時，高溫和肌肉疼痛已經(jīng)消退了——走了1200個石階。A.watchedout小心；B.cutoff切斷；C.setin開始；D.gavein屈服。根據(jù)上文可知，我們早出發(fā)為了避免炎熱，由but可推斷，下文與上文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明炎熱和肌肉疼沒有影響我們。D項(xiàng)“屈服”符合。故選D。【33題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天上午，我們早早出發(fā)，為了避免炎熱，但是當(dāng)我們到達(dá)最后階段時，高溫和肌肉疼痛已經(jīng)消退了——走了1200個石階。A.cover行走（一段路程）；B.catch抓?。籆.construct修建；D.explore探索。此處表示我們走了1200個石頭臺階。故選A.?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在我終于把我疼痛的身體抬上長長的階梯后，我的眼睛停留在激勵這段艱苦旅程的場景上：CiudadPerdida。A.energetic精力充沛得；B.painful疼痛的；C.unhealthy不健康的；D.damaged被損壞的。根據(jù)上文提到的musclepain可知，我身體疼痛。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我終于把我疼痛的身體抬上長長的階梯后，我的眼睛停留在激勵這段艱苦旅程的場景上：CiudadPerdida。A.convinced使信服；B.predicted預(yù)測；C.motivated激勵；D.surprised使吃驚。根據(jù)上文Despitethis,Icouldn’t___3___theopportunitytovisitCiudadPe