專接本英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-代詞(新)課件

專接本英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之

——代詞篇代詞的分類

人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞不定代詞指示代詞疑問代詞

第一人稱單數(shù)第二人稱單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)第二人稱復(fù)數(shù)第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)陽(yáng)性陰性中性主格I(我)you(你)he(他)she(她)it(它)we(我們)you(你們)they(他們,她們,它們)賓格me(我)You(你)him(他)her(她)it(她)us(我們)you(你們)them(他們,她們,它們)人稱代詞：人稱代詞代替人和事物的名稱,分為主格和賓格兩種形式。

2.人稱代詞在并列使用時(shí)的順序?yàn)椤暗诙朔Q，第三人稱，第一人稱”

You,sheandIallenjoythemusic.

你我她都喜歡音樂。She的用法：she可以用來(lái)代表國(guó)家、船只、大地、月亮等

Weloveourmotherland,wehopeshe’llbestrongerandbigger.

我們熱愛我們的祖國(guó),我們希望她更強(qiáng)大。

Theshipisleaving.She’sonherfirsttriptoBoston.

輪船要起航了。這是她第一次去波士頓。It的用法：1:it作為人稱代詞時(shí)，可以表示天氣、距離、時(shí)間、環(huán)境等

What’theweatherliketoday?–It’swindy.

今天的天氣怎么樣？-有風(fēng)。

It’saboutfiveminutes’walkfromhometoschool.

從家到學(xué)校的路程大約5分鐘。2.it

可指不知性別的嬰兒或不確指性別的人.—whoisthepersonoverthere?—Itistheheadteacher.1.---Whoisknockingatthedoor?---Idon’tknow.Iwaslyinginthebedandjustaskwho____was.A.heB.sheC.it2.Ican’tfindmyhat.Idon’tknowwhereIput____.A.oneB.itC.that3.Ican’tfindmyhat.IthinkImustbuy__.A.itB.oneC.that5.某人花費(fèi)…做某事

Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.6.自從…以來(lái)，已經(jīng)有…（時(shí)間）了。

Itis/hasbeen+時(shí)段+since+從句(過(guò)去時(shí))7.某人發(fā)現(xiàn)/認(rèn)為/感覺到做某事是…的

findsb.thinkfeel+it+adj.todo二.物主代詞人稱分類第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形容詞性名詞性myouryouryourhisheritstheirmineours

yours

yours

hishers

itstheirs

2.形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的關(guān)系：

形容詞性物主代詞+名詞=名詞性物主代詞注意：名詞性物主代詞在句中所指代的關(guān)系是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。Thesebooksaren'tours.Oursarenew.

(ourbooks=ours)Thisisnotourroom.Oursisoverthere.(ourroom=ours)

2.“of+名詞性物主代詞”表示所屬

Asisterofhis

isanurse.

他的一個(gè)妹妹是個(gè)護(hù)士。

Tomis

afriendofmine

我的一個(gè)朋友1.Sheisafriendof________.A.myB.mineC.I2.Thisisn’tmypen,itis_____.A.herB.hisC.him3.Frankcan’tfind____dictionary.Canyoulend____to_____?A.her,mine,herB./,yours,heC.his,yours,him4.____schoolismuchbiggerthan____.A.Our,theirB.Ours,theirsC.Our,theirs5.Thedogissopoorbecause____legisbadlyhurt.A.itB.itsC.it’s1.反身代詞常見固定搭配過(guò)得愉快自學(xué)請(qǐng)隨便吃…

自言自語(yǔ)獨(dú)自為自己不要客氣陶醉／沉浸于自己穿衣服照顧自己

enjoyoneselfteach/learnoneselfsth.helponeselftosth.saytooneselfbyoneselfforoneselfmakeoneselfathomeloseoneselfin…dressoneselflookafteroneself注意：

oneself有單復(fù)數(shù)之分*Ienjoymyself.*Children,helpyourselvestosomefish.不定代詞不是指明代替特定名詞（或形容詞）的代詞

all,each,every,both,either,neithernone,one,little,few,many,muchother,another,some,any,no

由some,any,no,every等構(gòu)成的合成代詞幾組在用法上容易混淆的不定代詞

1.some/any

some（一些,某）一般用于肯定句中

Therearesomeflowersinfrontofthehouse.

any（一些,任何）多用于疑問句和否定句

Doyouhaveanypicture-books?2.many/much

many

修飾或指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞

Therearemanyeggsinthebasket.Manyofuslikeplayinggames.

much修飾或指代不可數(shù)名詞

Hedoesn’tknowmuchEnglish.

3.another/other

another泛指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上中的另一個(gè)

Idon’twantthiscoat.Pleaseshowmeanother.

other后面接名詞，泛指別的、其他的

Doyouhaveanyotherquestions?4.theother/others/theotherstheother

1.特指兩個(gè)中的另一個(gè)

Hehastwosons.Oneisaworker,theotherisadoctor.

2.修飾名詞，特指另一個(gè)、另一些

Tomlikesswimming,andtheotherboysinhisclasslikeswimming,too.5.few/afew/little/alittlefew/afew

修飾可數(shù)名詞

little/alittle修飾不可數(shù)名詞

few,little

表示否定意義,譯為“沒有幾個(gè)”，“沒有多少”

afew,alittle表示肯定意義,譯為“有幾個(gè)”，“有一點(diǎn)”

Althoughallthegirlshavetriedtheirbest,only___passtheexam.A.fewB.afewC.alittle2.Don’tworry.Thereis____timeleft.A.littleB.alittleC.few3.Youaresogreat!____peopleintheschoolcandoit.A.AlittleB.LittleC.Few

6.every/each

every＋單數(shù)名詞,表示“每一個(gè)”,強(qiáng)調(diào)共性、整體,只作定語(yǔ),形式上為單數(shù).不與of連用

Everychildlikesplayinggames.

each表示“每一個(gè)”,強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)性,作定語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ),常與of連用

Eachstudentwasaskedtotryagain.

Eachofthemhasaniceskirt.eacheveryeach(常與of連用)every兩者或以上的每一個(gè)人或物三者或以上每一個(gè)人或物

everyother…每隔…Eg:everyotherday每隔一天=everytwodays①

Igavethem__anapple.A.everyB.eachC.eachof②

Thereisalineoftreeson___sideofthestreet.

A．every B．each C．both③Shegoesshopping__fivedays.

A.everyB.eachC.eachof④他隔天來(lái)這里。Hecamehere__________day.everyother

7.all/none

all“(全部)都”,表示三者或三者以上，作同位語(yǔ)時(shí),一般放在連系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞之后,行為動(dòng)詞之前

WeareallfromCanada.

TheyalllikeEnglish.

none“沒有”,表示三者或三者以上都不,后常跟介詞of（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單、復(fù)數(shù)均可）

Noneofusis/areafraidofdogs.nonenoonenonenoone沒有什么人/物“沒有人”只能指人回答howmany

問句回答who問句noneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/them謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)①

Howmanypeoplearethereintheroom?—___.

A.NoneB.NooneC.Lucy②

Whoisintheroom?—___.

A.NoneB.NooneC.one③Noneofthem___China.

A.comefromB.isfromC.iscomefrom

8.both/either/neither

both“（兩者）都”,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)看作復(fù)數(shù)；作定語(yǔ)時(shí)后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)

Myparentsarebothteachers.

=Bothofmyparentsareteachers.

neither“(兩者)都不”,含有否定意義，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用第三人稱單數(shù);作定語(yǔ)時(shí)后跟名詞單數(shù)

Neitheranswerisright.

either“兩者中任何一個(gè)”,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用第三人稱單數(shù);作定語(yǔ)時(shí)后跟名詞單數(shù)

Therearetreesoneithersideofthestreet.=Therearetreesonbothsidesofthestreet.

有關(guān)詞組及應(yīng)用

bothof/eitherof/neitherofBothofthemswimwell.

他們倆都游得很好。

EitherofyougoestoBeijing.

你們倆隨便誰(shuí)去北京都可以。

Neitherofthemstoppedtohavearest.

他們倆誰(shuí)都不停下來(lái)休息。eitherof兩者之一+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/them/us謂單neitherof兩者都不謂單bothof兩者都謂復(fù)①

___ofthegirls___him.Theyaskedhimfornamecard.A.Neither;knowB.Either;knowC.Neither;knows②

Bothofhisparents___teachers.

A.isB.areC.was③Bothofhisbrothers___inthishospital,butneitherofthem___adoctor.

A.works;isB.work;isC.work;areeitherneitherboth

both…and（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式）

either…or/neither…nor(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵循就近原則)

BothTomandLucyareinGradeTwo.

Tom和Lucy都在二年級(jí)。

Eithermyfatherormymothercooksathome.

或者我爸爸或者我媽媽在家燒飯。

NeitherhenorIamfreetoday.

我和他今天都沒空。eitherneitherboth①

EitherTomorthetwins__thewaytotheshop.A.knowB.knowsC.finds②

NeitheryounorI___ascientist.

A.isB.areC.am③BothTomandMary___hard.

A.studiesB.studyC.studyingeither…or…或者…或者…就近原則neither…nor…兩者都不both…and…兩者都復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)

ThestudentsareallfromFoshan.They___liketheircity.A.bothB.allC.either

LucyandLily___agreewithus.

A.allB.bothC.neitherHowareyourparents?Theyare____fine.

A.bothB.allC.no

9.Something/anything/nothing

Somebody/anybody/nobody當(dāng)形容詞修飾這些不定代詞時(shí)，常后置

Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Isthereanythingelseinthebox?

Nobodycananswerthequestion.1.Doyouhave_____todothisevening?A.importantsomethingB.anythingimportantC.somethingimportant2._____iswatchingTV.Let’sturnitoff.A.SomebodyB.AnybodyC.Nobody3.Wouldyoulike___?Icangetitforyou.A.somethingelseB.anythingelseC.everythingelseoneit①

Theboxisinthemiddleoftheroom.Move__away.

A.itB.oneC./②

Ihavelostmypen.Ihavetobuy___.

A.oneB.itC./③Howniceyourbagis!Iwanttobuy___.

A.itB.oneC./one

同類不同件．it同類同件．指示代詞

表示空間和時(shí)間遠(yuǎn)近關(guān)系的代詞包括:this/that(單數(shù))these/those(復(fù)數(shù))1.this,these指在方位上較近的人或物

that,those指在方位上較遠(yuǎn)的人或物

Thisismyshirt,that’syours.

TheseTVsaremadeinChina,thosearemadeinJapan.

2.that,those常指前面提過(guò)的東西,以免重復(fù)*Theseboxesareheavierthanthoseonthedesk.3.剛才提到的事情，在英文中用that*Hewasillyesterday.I’msorrytohearthat.四.指示代詞①

ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthan__ofJinan.

A.thatB.thisC.it②

TheradiosmadeinBeijingareasgoodas___madeinQingdao.

A.thatB.theseC.those③WhatIwanttotellyouis___thefilmwillbeateight.

A.itB.thisC.that疑問代詞

用來(lái)構(gòu)成特殊疑問句的代詞常見有：whowhomwhosewhatwhich

通常做主語(yǔ)\賓語(yǔ)\定語(yǔ)\表語(yǔ)

Whatmakesyouthinklikethat?\做主語(yǔ)\

Who

(Whom)wereyoutalkingwith?\做賓語(yǔ)\

WhichbusdoIneed?\做定語(yǔ)\

What’syourfather?\做表語(yǔ)\注意：在口語(yǔ)中，Who和Whom通用，但在介詞后只能用Whom

Withwhomdidheplaygames?Withwhodidheplaygames?(錯(cuò))

一Isthat_____dog?—No.________iswhite．A．his；HisB．her；ItisC．he；HisD．her；Her實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練D

WelikeMr.Greenbecauseheoftentells______funnystoriesinclass.A.we B.us C.our D.oursB—Whenshallwegotothemuseum,thisafternoonortomorrowmorning?—______isOK.I’mfreethesedays.A.Both

B.All

C.Either

D.NeitherC—Is_____here? —No,JohnandBobhaveaskedforleave.A.nobody B.anybody C.somebody D.everybodyDTryitout()1Isthisyourfootball,boys?No,itisnot____A.yoursB.ourC.mineD.ours()2Thebirdbuilds____nestinthetree.A.herB.itsC.it’sD.hers()3Themathsproblem____iswrong.A.himselfB.heC.itselfD.herselfDBC()4____wanttoseethefilm.AEverystudentBEachstudentCAllofstudentsDAllthestudents()5Alotofpeoplehavetried,but____havesucceeded.A.thefewB.afewC.fewD.little()6____ofthefourroadswilltakeyoutothehospital.A.BothB.NeitherC.AnyD.EitherDCC()7Ihavefivepencils,oneisred,____isblueand___aregreen.A.another,theotherB.theother,othersC.others,theothersD.another,theothers()8Ihavefound____ontheInternet.A.afewinformationsB.alittleinformationsC.afewinformationD.alittleinformationDD()9IhaveChemistryclasses____day,Monday,WednesdayandFriday.A.eachotherB.everyotherC.thisandotherD.allother()10--____isthemanunderthetree?--Jim’sfather.A.WhenB.WhatC.WhereD.WhoBD課堂達(dá)標(biāo)11.Thisstickis____.A.himB.heC.his12.Heisalwaysreadytohelp____.A.anotherB.theotherC.others13.______isJack’saunt.A.HeB.SheC.It14.Shesentseveralcardsto____ofherfriends.A.someB.anyC.no15.___