高中英語(yǔ)新教材人教版必修第二冊(cè)課件：Unit 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS Section B Reading and Thinking

Unit4HISTORYANDTRADITIONS

SectionBReadingandThinking高中英語(yǔ)新教材人教版必修第二冊(cè)課件：Unit4HISTORYANDTRADITIONSSectionBReadingandThinking1核心詞匯

詞匯一puzzle（1）n.謎；智力游戲；疑問(wèn)（2）vt.迷惑；使困惑

◆教材原句GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.了解一點(diǎn)英國(guó)歷史將有助于你解決這個(gè)難題。◆要點(diǎn)必記solveapuzzle解決難題

inapuzzle不知如何是好，感到困惑puzzleover/about苦苦思索 crosswordpuzzle填字游戲◆詞語(yǔ)積累puzzlementn.迷惑，困惑 puzzledadj.感到迷惑的 puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的

說(shuō)明：-ing形容詞常說(shuō)明事物的性質(zhì)；-ed形容詞常說(shuō)明人的感受或修飾人的表情、聲音等。 題組練·領(lǐng)悟方法題組練·領(lǐng)悟方法2◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Thegirllookedatmewitha

expression.Maybetheproblemwasquite

.（puzzle）（2）Facingthe

situation，thechiefmanagerlooked

.（puzzle）◆單句寫作（3）Peoplehavelong

（苦苦思索）howtheEgyptiansmovedsuchhugerocks.（4）Jack

（感到困惑）thatNicholasdidn’tseemtorecognizehim.（5）Iexplainedthe

（令人困惑的問(wèn)題）carefully，butfromhis

（迷惑的表情），Iknewhewasstillin

（困惑）.puzzledpuzzlingpuzzlingpuzzledpuzzledover/aboutwas/feltpuzzledpuzzlingquestionpuzzledlookapuzzle◆單句語(yǔ)法填空puzzledpuzzlingpuz3詞匯二join...to...把……和……連接或聯(lián)結(jié)起來(lái) ◆要點(diǎn)必記joinAto/andB把A和B連接起來(lái)connect...to/with/and...把……與……連接起來(lái)（具體含義）joinin參加；加入join（with）sb.indoingsth.和某人一起做某事詞匯二join...to...把……和……連接或聯(lián)結(jié)4◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Everyindividualorgroupisjoined

theworldbytheInternet.（2）Intheeveningtherewasabarbecue，withthewholevillage

（join）inthefun.◆單句寫作（3）

onesectionofpipe

（把……和……連接起來(lái)）thenext.tojoiningJointo/and◆單句語(yǔ)法填空tojoiningJointo/and5詞匯三breakaway（fromsb./sth.）（1）脫離（2）背叛（3）逃脫

◆教材原句Finally，inthe20thcentury，thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK，whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday...最后，在20世紀(jì)，愛(ài)爾蘭南部脫離英國(guó)，形成了我們今天的全稱……◆要點(diǎn)必記breakdown出故障；垮掉；失敗 breakinto強(qiáng)行闖入breakin（強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入）打斷，攪擾 breakthrough突破breakout（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)等）突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)breakup（團(tuán)體）解散；（關(guān)系）破裂 詞匯三breakaway（fromsb./sth.）6◆單句寫作（1）Withsomanyproblemsunsettled，afewcountrieswantedto

（脫離）theUnion.（2）Theboy

（掙脫）hismotherandranaway.◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（3）TheUnionfirstconsistedofseveralcountries，oneofwhichbrokeaway

itlaterbecauseofconflicts.（4）Itwasthefactthathiscarbroke

onthewaythisafternoonthatmadehimlateforthemeeting.（5）Thefirebroke

duringtheday，andthereforealmostnoonewasinjured. breakawayfrombrokeawayfromfromdownout◆單句寫作breakaway7詞匯四resultin導(dǎo)致，造成 ◆教材原句Finally，inthe20thcentury，thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK，whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday...最后，在20世紀(jì)，愛(ài)爾蘭南部脫離英國(guó)，形成了我們今天的全稱……◆要點(diǎn)必記resultin導(dǎo)致，造成resultfrom由于asaresult因此，結(jié)果asaresultof由于 詞匯四resultin導(dǎo)致，造成 8◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Theterribleaccidentresulted

carelessdriving.（2）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Theaccidentresulted

heavylossesbecausemanyculturalrelicsweredestroyed.（3）Hestudiesveryhard.As

result，henowspeaksbrilliantEnglish.（4）Hehasapreferenceforliteratureasaresult

theinfluencefromhismother.◆句型轉(zhuǎn)換（5）Hisfailureresultedfromnotworkinghardenough.=_______________________________________________________________________frominaofNotworkinghardenoughresultedinhisfailure. ◆單句語(yǔ)法填空f(shuō)rominaofNotworkingh9詞匯五referto...as把……稱為……

◆教材原句PeoplefromtheUKarecalled“British”，whichmeanstheUKisalsooftenreferredtoasBritainorGreatBritain.來(lái)自英國(guó)的人被稱為“British”，這意味著英國(guó)也經(jīng)常被稱為不列顛或大不列顛?！粢c(diǎn)必記（1）referto指的是；提到；涉及；參考refertohisexperiences談到他的經(jīng)歷 refertotheproblemaboutsociety涉及社會(huì)問(wèn)題refertoadictionary查字典 refertoyournotes參考一下你的筆記refer...to...把……提交……；把……歸功于……；把……稱作……

（2）forfuturereference供日后參考 詞匯五referto...as把……稱為…… 10◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Whodoyouthinktheteacherisreferring

?（2）Thescientistreferredtothediscovery

themostexcitingnewdevelopmentinthisfield.（3）Writedownthephonenumberofthatrestaurantforfuture

（refer）.◆單句寫作（4）Somescientificstoriesthisbook

（提及）havecometruenow.（5）Whenreading，you’dbetteravoid

（查閱字典）toooften.（6）Coal

（通常被稱作）afossilfuel.（7）Putdownthenamesoftheproductsinyournotebook

（供日后參考）. toasreferencereferstoreferringtoyourdictionaryisusuallyreferredtoasforfuturereference◆單句語(yǔ)法填空toasreferencerefers11詞匯六belongto（1）屬于（某人）（2）是（俱樂(lè)部、組織等）的成員（3）是（某族類或綱目）的一部分

◆教材原句ThefourcountriesthatbelongtotheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.所屬英國(guó)的四個(gè)部分在一些領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行了合作。◆要點(diǎn)必記belongvi.應(yīng)在（某處）；適應(yīng) belongingsn.（pl.）所有物；財(cái)產(chǎn)，財(cái)物personalbelongings個(gè)人財(cái)物，私人用品 ◆學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥（1）belongto既不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，也不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。但可用belongto的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作后置定語(yǔ)。（2）to是介詞，后面可跟名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)。 詞匯六belongto（1）屬于（某人）（2）是（俱12◆單句寫作（1）ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuture

（屬于）thewell-educated.（2）Hewasupsetthatthevaluablewatch

（屬于他的）waslostyesterday.◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（3）Theoldhouse

（belong）tomygrandfatherwasstillingoodcondition.（4）Ijustescapedfromthefloodandallmy

（belong）weresweptaway.（5）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Ifsomeonebelongs

aparticulargroup，heorsheisamemberofthatgroup.belongstobelongingtohimbelongingbelongingsto◆單句寫作belongstobelongi13詞匯七aswellas（1）同（一樣也）（2）和；還

◆教材原句Theyusethesameflag，knownastheUnionJack，aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.他們使用同樣的國(guó)旗，即英國(guó)國(guó)旗，還使用同樣的貨幣和軍事防御?！粢c(diǎn)必記Aaswellas/togetherwith/alongwithB+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+其他，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由A決定◆學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥notonlyAbutalsoB不但A……而且B……（強(qiáng)調(diào)B）AaswellasB不但B……而且A……

（強(qiáng)調(diào)A）

詞匯七aswellas（1）同（一樣也）（2）和；14◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Peteraswellashisfriends

（like）tolistentoclassicalmusic.（2）Notonlyhebutalsohisbrothers

（work）likemadatthemoment.（3）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Hegavemesomegoodtipsaswell

somewarnings.（4）DrSmith，aswellashiswifeanddaughters，

（be）goingtovisitBeijingthissummer.◆一句多譯他不但種花，而且種菜。（5）Hegrowsvegetables

flowers.（6）Hegrows

vegetables

flowers.likesareworkingasisaswellasnotonlybutalso◆單句語(yǔ)法填空l(shuí)ikesareworkingasisa15詞匯八defencen.防御；保衛(wèi) ◆要點(diǎn)必記（1）indefenceof為……辯護(hù)；捍衛(wèi)，保衛(wèi) buildupadefence筑起一道防線defenceagainst抵御……

inone’sdefence站在某人一邊；為某人辯護(hù)cometoone’sdefence出來(lái)保護(hù)某人（2）defendvt.保護(hù)；保衛(wèi)defend...from/against...保護(hù)……免受傷害；保衛(wèi)……

defendoneselfagainst...為自己辯護(hù)◆誤區(qū)警示defence后接“入侵者”或“造成危害者”時(shí)，介詞用against；若接“被保護(hù)者”，則介詞用of。詞匯八defencen.防御；保衛(wèi) 16◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Thetownwallswerebuiltasadefence

enemyattacks.（2）Tworescueworkerscametohis

（defend）whentheaccidenthappened.（3）Allthepolicemenhavebeentrainedtodefendthemselves

thesuddenattacks.◆單句寫作（4）MrGreenstoodup

（為……辯護(hù)）thelittleboy，sayingthathewasnottheonetoblame.（5）Thousandsofyoungmencameforward，willingto

（保衛(wèi)他們的國(guó)家）.（6）Ihavetosay

（為她辯護(hù)）thatsheknewnothingabouttheincidentatfirst.againstdefencefrom/againstindefenceofdefendtheircountryinherdefence◆單句語(yǔ)法填空againstdefencefrom/a17詞匯九legaladj.法律的；合法的 ◆教材原句...allhavedifferenteducationsystemsandlegalsystems.……都有不同的教育體系和法律體系。 ◆要點(diǎn)必記（1）legalrights合法權(quán)利 thelegalprofession/system法律專業(yè)/體系takelegaladvice聽(tīng)取法律方面的建議 overthelegallimit超出法律允許范圍legaldocuments法律文件 alegaladviser法律顧問(wèn)（2）illegal非法的，違法的 詞匯九legaladj.法律的；合法的 18◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Thejudgesaidthatitwasnotlegal

（attack）otherpeoplewithviolence.（2）Hewasarrestedforpossessionof

（legal）drugs. ◆單句寫作（3）他們參與了非法活動(dòng)。Theywereinvolvedin

.（4）今天，越來(lái)越多的婦女學(xué)會(huì)站起來(lái)捍衛(wèi)她們的合法權(quán)利。Moreandmorewomentodayhavelearnedtoarise

.toattackillegalillegalactivitiesindefenceoftheirlegalrights◆單句語(yǔ)法填空toattackillegalilleg19詞匯十surroundvt.圍繞；包圍 ◆教材原句...youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.……你都會(huì)被四個(gè)不同群體的證據(jù)所包圍，他們?cè)诓煌臍v史時(shí)期接管了英國(guó)。◆要點(diǎn)必記besurroundedby/with...被……

環(huán)繞/包圍◆詞語(yǔ)積累surroundingadj.周圍的，附近的（只用于名詞前）surroundingsn.（復(fù)數(shù)）環(huán)境 詞匯十surroundvt.圍繞；包圍 20◆單句寫作（1）Thegarden

（由……包圍著）ahedgeinwhichmanysmallcreaturescanlive.◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（2）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Thepoetwassurrounded

acrowdofpeople，eagertohearhisspeech.（3）MrsWhitefoundherhusband

（surround）bylettersandpapersandlookingveryworried.（4）

（surround）bytheclearwaters，thisforestprovidesvisitorswithawonderfulchancetoseesomeendangeredbirdsinthewild.（5）Theyliveinabeautifulvillage，withmanytreesandflowers

（surround）it. issurroundedby/withbysurroundedSurroundedsurrounding◆單句寫作issurroundedby/w21詞匯十一evidencen.證據(jù)；證明

◆要點(diǎn)必記（1）good/clear/strongevidence充分的/明顯的/有力的證據(jù)gather/collectevidence收集證據(jù)lookfor/searchforevidence尋找/搜尋證據(jù) hideevidence隱藏證據(jù)Thereisevidencethat...有證據(jù)表明……

medical/scientificevidence醫(yī)學(xué)/科學(xué)證據(jù)giveevidence（出庭）作證（2）evidentadj.明顯的，顯然的Itisevidentthat...很明顯……◆誤區(qū)警示一件證據(jù)apieceofevidence（√）

anevidence（×）詞匯十一evidencen.證據(jù)；證明 22◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Evidencehasbeenfoundthroughyearsofstudy

children’searlysleepingproblemsarelikelytocontinuewhentheygrowup.（2）Allthescientificevidence

（show）thatincreasinguseofchemicalsinfarming

（be）damagingourhealth.（3）Itis

（evidence）thatsmokingisharmfultohealth.◆單句寫作（4）

（有證據(jù)表明）theshipsankinabombattack.（5）

（很明顯）themanishighlythoughtofinthecompany. thatshowsisevidentThereisevidencethatItisevidentthat◆單句語(yǔ)法填空thatshowsisevidentTh23詞匯十二achievementn.（1）［C］成就，成績(jī)（2）［U］達(dá)到

◆教材原句Someoftheirgreatachievementsincludedbuildingtownsandroads.他們的一些偉大成就包括建設(shè)城鎮(zhèn)和道路。 ◆要點(diǎn)必記（1）quiteanachievement了不起的成就asenseofachievement成就感makeanachievement/makeachievements做出成就（2）achievesuccess獲得成功achieveone’saim/goal達(dá)到目的/實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo) 詞匯十二achievementn.（1）［C］成就，24◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Theyfeltagreatsenseof

toseetheirchildren’s

.（achieve） ◆單句寫作（2）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Theevidenceshowsthatthey_______________________________

（已經(jīng)做出巨大成就）inmanyways.（3）Hislazinessmakesitimpossibleforhimto

（獲得成功）.（4）Hefinally

（實(shí)現(xiàn)他的目標(biāo)）ofbeingascientistafteryearsofstruggle.achievementachievementshavemadegreatachievementsachievesuccessachievedhisgoal◆單句語(yǔ)法填空achievementachievement25詞匯十三includedoingsth.包含做某事 ◆教材原句Someoftheirgreatachievementsincludedbuildingtownsandroads.他們的一些偉大成就包括建設(shè)城鎮(zhèn)和道路?！粢c(diǎn)必記includevt.包括 includingprep.包括，包含 includedadj.被包括的◆誤區(qū)警示including是介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞；included是形容詞，意為“包括在內(nèi)的”，作后置定語(yǔ)。包括兩名同學(xué)：includingtwoschoolmates twoschoolmatesincluded詞匯十三includedoingsth.包含做某事26◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）［2018·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷］Theclassroomisaplaceforlearningandthatincludes

（learn）fromtextbooks，andmistakesaswell.（2）Intotal200studentswentforthepicnic，

（include）somefromNo.3MiddleSchool.（3）Thecontainercontainsmanykindsoffruits，apples

（include）.（4）Therewerefiveofus，

（include）aphotographerandacosmonaut.（5）Asanadultyouhavearesponsibilitytolookoutforyourchildren，whichincludes

（have）somefuntogether.learningincludingincludedincludinghaving◆單句語(yǔ)法填空l(shuí)earningincludingincl27詞匯十四locationn.地方◆教材原句...leftbehindlotsofnewvocabulary，andalsothenamesofmanylocationsacrosstheUK.……留下了很多新詞匯，以及英國(guó)許多地方的名字。◆要點(diǎn)必記（1）thelocationofthefactory工廠的位置theexact/preciselocation確切位置（2）locatevt.坐落于；位于；找出……的位置belocatedin/on坐落于，位于 locateBerlinonthemap在地圖上找到柏林詞匯十四locationn.地方28◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Theancientpeoplebuilttowersindifferent

（locate）formilitarydefence.（2）China

（locate）intheeastofAsiawiththeareaof9，600，000squarekilometres.◆單句寫作（3）MountHuang

（位于）AnhuiProvince.（4）Thecentre

manyhistoricalsites.（這個(gè)中心位于很容易到達(dá)許多古跡的地方。）locationsislocatedislocatedinislocatedwithineasyreachof◆單句語(yǔ)法填空l(shuí)ocationsislocatedis29詞匯十五battle（1）n.戰(zhàn)役；搏斗（2）vi.&vt.搏斗；奮斗 ◆教材原句TheyconqueredEnglandafterthewell-knownBattleofHastingsinthe11thcentury.他們?cè)?1世紀(jì)著名的黑斯廷斯戰(zhàn)役后征服了英格蘭。 ◆要點(diǎn)必記along/lengthybattle曠日持久的斗爭(zhēng) atough/hardbattle艱難的斗爭(zhēng)fighta...battle打……的仗 win/loseabattle打贏/輸?shù)粢粓?chǎng)仗acceptthebattle應(yīng)戰(zhàn) battleagainst/with與……戰(zhàn)斗battlefor為……而戰(zhàn)，為……而奮斗 詞匯十五battle（1）n.戰(zhàn)役；搏斗（2）vi30◆漢譯英（1）和困難作斗爭(zhēng)________________________________（2）爭(zhēng)奪時(shí)間之戰(zhàn)

________________________________（3）為爭(zhēng)取同等權(quán)利而戰(zhàn)________________________________（4）為正義而斗爭(zhēng)

________________________________（5）為生存而戰(zhàn)________________________________

◆單句寫作（6）Shehas

（與……抗?fàn)帲ヽancerfortwoyears.（7）Thepoliceare

（與……進(jìn)行艱苦的斗爭(zhēng)）crime.battleagainstdifficultiesbattleagainsttime

battleforequalrightsbattleforjusticebattleforlifebattledagainstfightingatoughbattleagainst◆漢譯英battleagainstdifficultie31詞匯十六dateback（to）追溯到 ◆教材原句...asitisanancientportcitythathasahistorydatingallthewaybacktoRomantimes.……因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)古老的港口城市，它的歷史可以追溯到羅馬時(shí)代?！粢c(diǎn)必記（1）datebackto“追溯到”，相當(dāng)于datefrom，后接時(shí)間點(diǎn)。（2）兩者都不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，而通常用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。（3）常用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作定語(yǔ)?！魵w納拓展outofdate過(guò)時(shí) uptodate最新的，新式的 todate迄今，到目前為止 詞匯十六dateback（to）追溯到 32◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Theartofpaper-cuttinginChinamaydateback

thesecondcentury.（2）Onthetopofthemountainstandsanancienttemple

（date）fromtheTangDynasty.◆單句寫作（3）Myfamilyhasavase，whichissaidto

（追溯到）theMingDynasty.（4）Thebuilding

（追溯到）Romantimeshasbeenrebuiltrecently.（5）Thedictionaryis

（過(guò)時(shí)）：manynewwordshavebeenaddedtothelanguagesinceitwaspublished. todatingdatebacktodatingfromoutofdate◆單句語(yǔ)法填空todatingdatebacktod33詞匯十七keepyoureyesopen（for）留心；留意 ◆教材原句Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen，youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.如果你留心，你會(huì)驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)你能看到它的過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在?！粢c(diǎn)必記（1）keepatit堅(jiān)持干，繼續(xù)苦干keepup保持；繼續(xù) keepupwith跟上；保持同步；和……保持聯(lián)系 keepback阻止；隱瞞keepaway（from）避免接近（……） keepsb.fromdoing...阻止某人做……

keepoff使……不接近 keepon繼續(xù)（2）keepfit保持健康keepone’spromise履行諾言 keepintouchwith與……保持聯(lián)系 詞匯十七keepyoureyesopen（for）34◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Youmustkeepyour

（eye）openifyouaregoingtomakeyourtriptotheUnitedKingdomenjoyableandworthwhile.（2）Keepyoureyesopen

aboyinaredsweater.（3）You’rewalkingsofastthatIcan’tkeepup

you.（4）Putthepizzainthebottomoftheoventokeepthecheese

burning. eyesforwithfrom◆單句語(yǔ)法填空eyesforwithfrom35◆單句寫作（5）Ifyou

（留心），youcanlearnagreatdeal.（6）Iknowit’shard，but

（堅(jiān)持下去）!Don’tgiveup!（7）Igotthefeelinghewas

（隱瞞了一些事情）.（8）Manypeoplecannot

（跟上）thedevelop-mentoftechnology.keepyoureyesopenkeepatitkeepingsomethingbackkeepupwith◆單句寫作keepyoureyesopenkeep36重點(diǎn)句式

句式一ifany如果有的話

◆教材原句Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem，ifany?如果有區(qū)別的話，那么它們之間的區(qū)別是什么？◆要點(diǎn)必記ifso如果是這樣的話 ifnot如果不是這樣；不然，否則ifnecessary如果有必要 ifpossible如果可能的話ifever如果曾經(jīng)有的話 重點(diǎn)句式 37◆單句寫作（1）Takethedoctor’sadvice.

（如果是這樣的話），youwillovercomedistractionsinclass.（2）Iwanttoavoidtherushhourtraffic

（如果可能的話）.（3）Problems，

（如果有的話），shouldbesolvedwithoutdelay.（4）Takemoreexercise.

（不然的話），youwillbeoverweight.（5）Theislandisseldom，

（如果曾經(jīng)有的話），visitedbyships.（6）I’llstayupallnight，

（如果有必要的話），togetitfinished. IfsoifpossibleifanyIfnotifeverifnecessary◆單句寫作Ifsoifpossibleifany38句式二Therebe+主語(yǔ)+非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞. ◆教材原句ThereissomuchmoretolearnabouttheinterestinghistoryandcultureoftheUnitedKingdom.關(guān)于英國(guó)有趣的歷史和文化，還有很多要學(xué)習(xí)的?！粢c(diǎn)必記Therebe+主語(yǔ)+todo（表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生）

Therebe+主語(yǔ)+doing（表示主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行）Therebe+主語(yǔ)+done（表示被動(dòng)或完成）◆誤區(qū)警示當(dāng)主語(yǔ)與其后的不定式是被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式用主動(dòng)形式和被動(dòng)形式均可，有些沒(méi)有意義上的區(qū)別，有些則有區(qū)別。Thereisnotimetolose/tobelost.時(shí)間不容耽擱。 句式二Therebe+主語(yǔ)+非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞. 39◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Therearestillmillionsofpeople

（suffer）fromhungernowadays.（2）Therewillbesomevolunteers

（help）inremoteareas.（3）Thereisstillsomesupport

（give）bythelocalpeople.（4）Thereisacastle

（build）inthe11thcentury.（5）Lastnight，thereweremillionsofpeople

（watch）theopeningceremonyliveonTV.◆句型轉(zhuǎn)換（6）Therearesomestudentsontheplayground.Theyareplayingbasketball.→Therearesomestudentsontheplayground

basketball.sufferingtohelpgivenbuiltwatchingplaying◆單句語(yǔ)法填空sufferingtohelpgiven40完成“綜合練·提升能力”中的題目綜合練·提升能力完成“綜合練·提升能力”中的題目綜合練·提升能力41

Unit4HISTORYANDTRADITIONS

SectionBReadingandThinking高中英語(yǔ)新教材人教版必修第二冊(cè)課件：Unit4HISTORYANDTRADITIONSSectionBReadingandThinking42核心詞匯

詞匯一puzzle（1）n.謎；智力游戲；疑問(wèn)（2）vt.迷惑；使困惑

◆教材原句GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.了解一點(diǎn)英國(guó)歷史將有助于你解決這個(gè)難題?！粢c(diǎn)必記solveapuzzle解決難題

inapuzzle不知如何是好，感到困惑puzzleover/about苦苦思索 crosswordpuzzle填字游戲◆詞語(yǔ)積累puzzlementn.迷惑，困惑 puzzledadj.感到迷惑的 puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的

說(shuō)明：-ing形容詞常說(shuō)明事物的性質(zhì)；-ed形容詞常說(shuō)明人的感受或修飾人的表情、聲音等。 題組練·領(lǐng)悟方法題組練·領(lǐng)悟方法43◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Thegirllookedatmewitha

expression.Maybetheproblemwasquite

.（puzzle）（2）Facingthe

situation，thechiefmanagerlooked

.（puzzle）◆單句寫作（3）Peoplehavelong

（苦苦思索）howtheEgyptiansmovedsuchhugerocks.（4）Jack

（感到困惑）thatNicholasdidn’tseemtorecognizehim.（5）Iexplainedthe

（令人困惑的問(wèn)題）carefully，butfromhis

（迷惑的表情），Iknewhewasstillin

（困惑）.puzzledpuzzlingpuzzlingpuzzledpuzzledover/aboutwas/feltpuzzledpuzzlingquestionpuzzledlookapuzzle◆單句語(yǔ)法填空puzzledpuzzlingpuz44詞匯二join...to...把……和……連接或聯(lián)結(jié)起來(lái) ◆要點(diǎn)必記joinAto/andB把A和B連接起來(lái)connect...to/with/and...把……與……連接起來(lái)（具體含義）joinin參加；加入join（with）sb.indoingsth.和某人一起做某事詞匯二join...to...把……和……連接或聯(lián)結(jié)45◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Everyindividualorgroupisjoined

theworldbytheInternet.（2）Intheeveningtherewasabarbecue，withthewholevillage

（join）inthefun.◆單句寫作（3）

onesectionofpipe

（把……和……連接起來(lái)）thenext.tojoiningJointo/and◆單句語(yǔ)法填空tojoiningJointo/and46詞匯三breakaway（fromsb./sth.）（1）脫離（2）背叛（3）逃脫

◆教材原句Finally，inthe20thcentury，thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK，whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday...最后，在20世紀(jì)，愛(ài)爾蘭南部脫離英國(guó)，形成了我們今天的全稱……◆要點(diǎn)必記breakdown出故障；垮掉；失敗 breakinto強(qiáng)行闖入breakin（強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入）打斷，攪擾 breakthrough突破breakout（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)等）突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)breakup（團(tuán)體）解散；（關(guān)系）破裂 詞匯三breakaway（fromsb./sth.）47◆單句寫作（1）Withsomanyproblemsunsettled，afewcountrieswantedto

（脫離）theUnion.（2）Theboy

（掙脫）hismotherandranaway.◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（3）TheUnionfirstconsistedofseveralcountries，oneofwhichbrokeaway

itlaterbecauseofconflicts.（4）Itwasthefactthathiscarbroke

onthewaythisafternoonthatmadehimlateforthemeeting.（5）Thefirebroke

duringtheday，andthereforealmostnoonewasinjured. breakawayfrombrokeawayfromfromdownout◆單句寫作breakaway48詞匯四resultin導(dǎo)致，造成 ◆教材原句Finally，inthe20thcentury，thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK，whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday...最后，在20世紀(jì)，愛(ài)爾蘭南部脫離英國(guó)，形成了我們今天的全稱……◆要點(diǎn)必記resultin導(dǎo)致，造成resultfrom由于asaresult因此，結(jié)果asaresultof由于 詞匯四resultin導(dǎo)致，造成 49◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Theterribleaccidentresulted

carelessdriving.（2）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Theaccidentresulted

heavylossesbecausemanyculturalrelicsweredestroyed.（3）Hestudiesveryhard.As

result，henowspeaksbrilliantEnglish.（4）Hehasapreferenceforliteratureasaresult

theinfluencefromhismother.◆句型轉(zhuǎn)換（5）Hisfailureresultedfromnotworkinghardenough.=_______________________________________________________________________frominaofNotworkinghardenoughresultedinhisfailure. ◆單句語(yǔ)法填空f(shuō)rominaofNotworkingh50詞匯五referto...as把……稱為……

◆教材原句PeoplefromtheUKarecalled“British”，whichmeanstheUKisalsooftenreferredtoasBritainorGreatBritain.來(lái)自英國(guó)的人被稱為“British”，這意味著英國(guó)也經(jīng)常被稱為不列顛或大不列顛?！粢c(diǎn)必記（1）referto指的是；提到；涉及；參考refertohisexperiences談到他的經(jīng)歷 refertotheproblemaboutsociety涉及社會(huì)問(wèn)題refertoadictionary查字典 refertoyournotes參考一下你的筆記refer...to...把……提交……；把……歸功于……；把……稱作……

（2）forfuturereference供日后參考 詞匯五referto...as把……稱為…… 51◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Whodoyouthinktheteacherisreferring

?（2）Thescientistreferredtothediscovery

themostexcitingnewdevelopmentinthisfield.（3）Writedownthephonenumberofthatrestaurantforfuture

（refer）.◆單句寫作（4）Somescientificstoriesthisbook

（提及）havecometruenow.（5）Whenreading，you’dbetteravoid

（查閱字典）toooften.（6）Coal

（通常被稱作）afossilfuel.（7）Putdownthenamesoftheproductsinyournotebook

（供日后參考）. toasreferencereferstoreferringtoyourdictionaryisusuallyreferredtoasforfuturereference◆單句語(yǔ)法填空toasreferencerefers52詞匯六belongto（1）屬于（某人）（2）是（俱樂(lè)部、組織等）的成員（3）是（某族類或綱目）的一部分

◆教材原句ThefourcountriesthatbelongtotheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.所屬英國(guó)的四個(gè)部分在一些領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行了合作。◆要點(diǎn)必記belongvi.應(yīng)在（某處）；適應(yīng) belongingsn.（pl.）所有物；財(cái)產(chǎn)，財(cái)物personalbelongings個(gè)人財(cái)物，私人用品 ◆學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥（1）belongto既不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，也不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。但可用belongto的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作后置定語(yǔ)。（2）to是介詞，后面可跟名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)。 詞匯六belongto（1）屬于（某人）（2）是（俱53◆單句寫作（1）ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuture

（屬于）thewell-educated.（2）Hewasupsetthatthevaluablewatch

（屬于他的）waslostyesterday.◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（3）Theoldhouse

（belong）tomygrandfatherwasstillingoodcondition.（4）Ijustescapedfromthefloodandallmy

（belong）weresweptaway.（5）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Ifsomeonebelongs

aparticulargroup，heorsheisamemberofthatgroup.belongstobelongingtohimbelongingbelongingsto◆單句寫作belongstobelongi54詞匯七aswellas（1）同（一樣也）（2）和；還

◆教材原句Theyusethesameflag，knownastheUnionJack，aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.他們使用同樣的國(guó)旗，即英國(guó)國(guó)旗，還使用同樣的貨幣和軍事防御?！粢c(diǎn)必記Aaswellas/togetherwith/alongwithB+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+其他，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由A決定◆學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥notonlyAbutalsoB不但A……而且B……（強(qiáng)調(diào)B）AaswellasB不但B……而且A……

（強(qiáng)調(diào)A）

詞匯七aswellas（1）同（一樣也）（2）和；55◆單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Peteraswellashisfriends

（like）tolistentoclassicalmusic.（2）Notonlyhebutalsohisbrothers

（work）likemadatthemoment.（3）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Hegavemesomegoodtipsaswell

somewarnings.（4）DrSmith，aswellashiswifeanddaughters，

（be）goingtovisitBeijingthissummer.◆一句多譯他不但種花，而且種菜。（5）Hegrowsvegetables

flowers.（6）Hegrows

vegetables

flowers.likesareworkingasisaswellasnotonlybutalso◆單句語(yǔ)法填空l(shuí)ikesareworkingasisa56詞匯八defencen.防御；保衛(wèi) ◆要點(diǎn)必記（1）indefenceof為……辯護(hù)；捍衛(wèi)，保衛(wèi) buildupadefence筑起一道防線defenceagainst抵御……

inone’sdefence站在某人一邊；為某人辯護(hù)cometoone’sdefence出來(lái)保護(hù)某人（2）defendvt.保護(hù)；保衛(wèi)defend...from/against...保護(hù)……免受傷害；保衛(wèi)……

defendoneselfagainst...為自己辯護(hù)◆誤區(qū)警示defence后接“入侵者”或“造成危害者”時(shí)，介詞用against