什么是元音字母和輔音字母及其發(fā)音規(guī)則詳解

我們常將字母分類英語的26個字母分兩種類型：一種叫元音字母，另一種叫輔音字母。元音字母有：a，e，i，o，u五個，其余為輔音字母。即：元音字母Aa[ei]、Ee[i：]、Ii[ai]、Oo[au]、Uu[(j)u：]輔音字母Hh、Jj、Kk、Bb、Cc、Dd、Gg、Pp、Tt、Vv、Yy、Qq、Ww、[e]Ff、LIMm、Nn、Ss、Xx、Zz、[a：]Rr詳細發(fā)音表：元音字母的發(fā)音規(guī)則元曰字母位置讀音例詞例外a重讀開音節(jié)[ei]cakebaseescapeplanehave[]vase[a:]water[:]重讀閉音節(jié)[]fattrapflatexactlyrapiddam非重讀音節(jié)[]againcameravacationvegetable[i：]comradevillagecourage在[w]之后[]wantwashwhatwandersk,ss,st,th,chf,nc之前[a:]masterasktaskclassglassfatherpathafterbranchadvance特殊情況[e]anymanyanythinganybodye重讀開音節(jié)[i:]bethesesheevil重讀閉音節(jié)[e]netpressgentlyacceptlevel非重讀音節(jié)[]silenceproblemopenchildren[i]effectselectdevelopbeforeI(y)重讀開音節(jié)[ai]ripealivewinearrivebesidepolitelifesmilesurprisegive[i]live[i]pyramid[i]重讀閉曰節(jié)[i]quizsickdishsingdigfilmmisswinterpicturedifficlty在重讀音節(jié)中[ai]cycleskyshywhyy在非重讀曰節(jié)中[i]citycopyemptyeveryhealthynb,ld,mb前[ai]mindkindblindfindchildclimb非重讀音節(jié)中[]terriblehorriblepossible在下列單詞中讀作[i:]policemagazinemachinetechniqueo重讀開音節(jié)[u]stonenoteprogrammedprogressmotorlonelysmokenojokewoman[u]women[i]重讀閉音節(jié)[]copybossclothfondlongknockacrosscommonbombn,m,v,th前[]tondonecomesomelovecovermotheranotherother在以ld,st,th結(jié)尾的一些詞中[u]holdfoldtoldmostalmostboth非重讀音節(jié)[]officialpositionsocietyfreedom在下列單詞中讀[u:]moveprovelosewhosetombshoedoremoveu重讀開音節(jié)ju:]usedutycomputerreducerescuetubeTuesdaytrue[u:]

重讀閉音節(jié)[]cuplunchbushubbusy[i]bury[e]minute[i][u]putpullpushfullbullet非重讀曰節(jié)[]untilsupplyunlessindustry在開音節(jié)中，在輔音字母l,rj后[u:]bluerulerulerJuneJulyrude元曰子母組合位置讀音例詞例外ar重讀[a：]markcarvearticlepartymarketMarchfarmhard在W后[：]warmwarnrewardwar非重讀[]grammarer重讀[:]servicecertainserve非重讀[]workerfarmerteacheror重讀[:]formimportantcornerhorse在W后[:]workwordworldworth非重讀[]mirrordoctorforbidforgetur重讀[:]churchThursdaynurseturnreturn非重讀[]surprisesurroundmurmurir重讀[:]thirstydirtyfirstgirl■iie[i：]piecethieffieldchiefdiet[ai]quiet[ai][ai]lietiedieire[ai]wireinspirehiretireigh[ai]rightfightnighthighbrightlightai重讀曰節(jié)[ei]tailorremaingrainsailpraiseraisebrainsaid[e]非重讀音節(jié)[i]captain[]certainau[:]causeaunt[a:]al[:]walkballalltalkhalf[a:]alms[a:][：1]alwaysalmostalreadyalthoughaw[:]drawdawnsawair[e]fairaffairhairupstairsare[e]dareglaresharecomparecarefulare[a:]augh[:]taughtcaughtdaughternaughtylaugh[a:f]町重讀音節(jié)[ei]delayplaysaywaytodaysays[e]非重讀音節(jié)[i]SundayMondayuure重讀音節(jié)[u]suresurely

非重讀音節(jié)[:]pleasureeea[i：]repeatleafleadpeacediseasecream[e]sweaterthreadheadacheheavybreakfast特殊[ei]greatgreatlybreak[i]realideatheatreee[i：]sleepfreelyweedsteeldegreeear[i]appearclearnearheardearearheart[a:][:]heardlearnearnearlysearch[e]wearbearswearpearei[i]receiveseizeceilingewju:]fewnewnewssew[u]在［1］，［r］后[u:]blewflewthrewdrewere[e]therewherehere[i]ey重讀曰節(jié)[ei]greyheyobeykey[i:]非重讀音節(jié)[i]monkeydonkeyeigh[ei]weighteighteightyooa[u]loafroadsoapcoatboatbroad[:]abroad[:]oi[i]voicenoisepointchoiceoy[i]toyboyjoyjoyfuloo在其他字母前[u:]roofchooseschoolshootwool[u]foot[u]在k,d前[u]tooklookcookstoodwoodgoodfood[u:]flood[]blood[]oor[:]floordoorpoor[u]ou[au]poundrousemountaintrousersgroundthousandshoulder[u]soul[u][]couplecousindoublecountrytouchtrouble[u:]routegrouproutinesoup[u]couldshouldwouldough[:]foughtboughtbroughtthoughtthough[u]plough[au]cough[f]through[u:]thorough[]enough[f]ow[au]downbrownflowerknowledge[]

[u]bowlsowwindowrowownerlowshowthrowgrow輔音字母發(fā)音規(guī)則輔音字母位置讀音例詞例外b在m后或在t之前不發(fā)音tombclimbdoubt其他情況/b/bedbobbigc在e,i,y前/s/centrecitydecidebicycleconcertricepercent在ia,ie,io前//socialespecialancient在a,o,u,l前在音節(jié)末/k/cavecomfortcolorclasscausecapitalcastg在其他字母前/g/giftgirlgoalgladglassgarage//get/g/在e,i,y前/d/largegeneralorangepage在以n結(jié)尾的詞中不發(fā)音signforeignh一般情況/h/holdheathidehatehuge在個別詞中不發(fā)音honesthourhonorforeheadk一般情況/k/walkkeykite在n前不發(fā)音knows詞首/s/sendsave在兀曰字母和兀曰字母之間/z/visitdesiremusicbase/s/在詞中清輔音前/s/past在詞中濁輔音前/z/husbandsalesgirl在兀音字母u,i前//suresugarRussiaAsia在u,ion前//pleasureusuallyoccasiontelevisionn在其他字母前/n/cornernineniceline在字母kx,g前//anxiousthinkthankfingerbankstrange/n/x在其他字母前/ks/exceptexhibitionextracttext在兀曰字母前/gz/examexampleexistexactly輔音字母組合發(fā)音規(guī)則輔音字母組合位置讀音例詞例外ch/t/channelchoosecheckchalkchangesandwich/d//k/chemistryChristmasheadacheschool//machinemoustachetch/t/matchpatchsnatchth/6/thinkthankthingworth/e/withalthoughthosethis

qu/kw/quizquestionquickquiteph/f/telephonephysicsphraseck/k/packagepickquickbackkn/n/knifeknowknowledgeknockng//somethingsingthingwr在其他字母前/r/wrongwretchwrapwh/w/wheelwheatwhisperwhistlewhitewhy在字母o前/h/wholewhosewhowhomtion在詞尾/n/educationstationdirectionsituation在字母s后/tn/suggestionquestionsion/n/decisionconclusion單詞附加詞尾的讀音規(guī)則詞尾位置讀音例詞(e)s清輔音后/s/desksmakeslampslooks濁輔音或兀音后/z/pigsradiosplays/t/后/ts/studentsparents/d/后/dz/readsbedses///s//z//d//t/后/iz/washesboxesbusesguessestaxespagesteacheshousesed清輔音后/t/washedwalkedaskedmissedjumped濁輔曰或兀曰后/d/recognizedcalledansweredplayedcopied/t//d/后/id/wantedtrustedlandedneeded、元音字母在中的a在開音節(jié)中[ei]nameplaneJanebabycake在閉音節(jié)中[ae]bagdadhatmapblackbacke在開音節(jié)中[i:]hethesemeChinese在閉音節(jié)中[e]bedletpendeskyeseggi在中[ai]bikeflydrivetimenicekite在閉音節(jié)中[i]fishbigdrinksitmilkswim在中[eu]thoseclosegohoehomeno在閉音節(jié)中[]clocknotboxshopsocku在開音節(jié)中[ju:]studentexcusedutyTuesday在閉音節(jié)中[]buscupjumpmuchlunch在開音節(jié)中,u在jlrs后面時讀[u:]音，例如Junebluerulersuper二、字母在非中的讀音a[e]Chinaanotherwomanbreakfast[i]orangecouragevillagecabbagee[e]hundredstudentopenweekendchildren[i]chickenpocketbeginI[e]/[i]holidaybeautifulfamilyanimal[ai]exercisesatelliteo[e]secondtonightsomebodywelcome[eu]alsozerophotou[e]autumndifficult[ju:]popularcongratulationJanuary動詞中的a如果處在開音節(jié)位置,a讀[ei]音，例如:operateu處在開音節(jié)位置,又在輔音字母jlrs后面時，讀[u(:)]音，例如JulyinflueneeFebruaryissue三、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的特殊讀音a在[w]音后面[]wantwhatwatchwashqualitya在fnskphspssstth前[a:]afterplantgraphaskgraspglassfastfatheri在-nd-ld和gh前[ai]findchildlighthigho在-st-ld前[eu]mostpostcardoldcoldo在mnvth前[]comemonkeylovemother四、-r音節(jié)元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音ar[a:]carfarmdarksharpener在[w]音后面[:]warmquartertowardsor[:]fortymorningshort在[w]音后面[:]wordworkerworseerirur[:]certainlybirdThursday開音節(jié)和閉音節(jié)的區(qū)別1）音節(jié)按讀音可以分為和又可以分為絕對和（1）絕對開音節(jié)：是指一個后面沒有輔音而構(gòu)成的音節(jié)，例如：we,hi,yo-yo（2）:是指一個后面有一個輔音（除r）之外，最后是一個不發(fā)音的e字母構(gòu)成的音節(jié)，如:take,make在開音節(jié)中，這個發(fā)“字母”本身音，例如hi|hai|,use|ju:z|:指后面有（r除外）構(gòu)成的音節(jié)，如：leg,cross2）音節(jié)按重讀可以分為和非:指在或多音節(jié)詞中有一個發(fā)音特別響亮的音節(jié)，叫重讀音節(jié)，用符號“'”標于相應位置，其他音節(jié)為非重讀音節(jié)，如begin|be'gin|，詞作重讀處理，但不標符號.“”“”的定義是根據(jù)單詞的拼寫形式來定義的，不一定科學準確，確非常實用。以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的單詞是；以元音結(jié)尾的單詞是。反之以輔音結(jié)尾的單詞是。給一個單詞注音標的時候，首先判斷是還是。然后在單詞里找元音。是開音節(jié)的，元音發(fā)它字母本身的音。是閉音節(jié)的，發(fā)它規(guī)定的音。（詞尾是e的，e一般不發(fā)音。兩個e除外。如：see）。反之由音標寫單詞也是一樣，根據(jù)它的讀音規(guī)則寫出相應的單詞。不規(guī)則單詞除外英語單詞是由字母組成的，而字母又構(gòu)，音節(jié)的核心是元音，由一個或幾個代表。根據(jù)單詞所含的音節(jié)，把單詞分為詞、和多音節(jié)詞。怎樣