考研考博-英語-北京航空航天大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京航空航天大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Thereisno（）forhardworkandperseveranceofyouwanttosucceed.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.alteration

B.equivalent

C.alternative

D.substitute

【答案】C

【解析】本題考查了名詞的辨析。alteration“改變；變化”；equivalent“相等的”；alternative“可供選擇的事物”；substitute“代替”，根據(jù)“勤奮和堅(jiān)持”與“成功”之間的關(guān)系，我們可以知道一般來說“勤奮和堅(jiān)持”是“成功”的必要條件，所以想要成功，除了“勤奮和堅(jiān)持”之外就沒有別的選擇符合邏輯，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。句意為：你想成功的話，除了勤奮和堅(jiān)持之外你沒有別的選擇。

2.案例題

Inthecollege-admissionswars,weparentsarethetruefights.Wearepushingourkidstogetgoodgrades,takeSATpreparatorycoursesandbuildresumessotheycangetintothecollegeofourfirstchoice.I'vetwicebeentothewars,andasIsurveythebattlefield,somethingdifferentishappening.Weseeourkids'collegebackgroundaseprizedemonstratinghowwellwe'veraisedthem.Butwecan'tacknowledgethatourobsession（癡迷）ismoreaboutusthanthem.Sowe'vecontrivedvariousjustificationsthatturnouttobehalf-truths,prejudicesormyths.Itactuallydoesn'tmattermuchwhetherAaronandNicolegotoStanford.

Wehaveafull-blownprestigepanic;weworrythattherewon'tbeenoughprizestogoaround.Fearfulparentsurgetheirchildrentoapplytomoreschoolsthanever.Underlyingthehysteria（歇斯底里）isthebeliefthatscarceelitedegreesmustbehighlyvaluable.Theirgraduatesmustenjoymoresuccessbecausetheygetabettereducationanddevelopbettercontacts.Allthatisplausible——andmostlywrong.Wehaven'tfoundanyconvincingevidencethatselectivityorprestigematters.Selectiveschoolsdon'tsystematicallyemploybetterinstructionalapproachesthanlessselectiveschools.Ontwomeasures——professors'feedbackandthenumberofessayexams——selectiveschoolsdoslightlyworse.

Bysomestudies,selectiveschoolsdoenhancetheirgraduates'lifetimeearnings.Thegainisreckonedat2-4%forevery100-pointincreaseinaschool'saverageSATscores.Buteventhisadvantageisprobablyastatisticalfluke（偶然）.Awell-knownstudyexaminedstudentswhogotintohighlyselectiveschoolsandthenwentelsewhere.Theyearnedjustasmuchasgraduatesfromhigher-statusschools.

Kidscountmorethantheircolleges.GettingintoYalemaysignifyintelligence,talentandambition.Butit'snottheonlyindicatorand,paradoxically,itssignificanceisdeclining.Thereason:somanysimilarpeoplegoelsewhere.Gettingintocollegeisnotlifeonlycompetition.Old-boynetworksarebreakingdown.PrincetoneconomistAlanKruegerstudiedadmissionstoonetopPh.D.program.HighscoresontheGREhelpedexplainwhogotin;degreesofprestigiousuniversitiesdidn't.

So,parents,lightenup.Thestakeshavebeenvastlyexaggerateduptoapoint,wecanrationalizeourpushiness.Americaisacompetitivesociety;ourkidsneedtoadjusttothat.buttoomuchpushinesscanbedestructive.TheveryambitionweimposeonourchildrenmaygetsomeintoHarvardbutmayalsosetthemupfordisappointment.Onestudyfoundthat,otherthingsbeingequal,graduatesofhighlyselectiveschoolsexperiencedmorejobdissatisfaction.Theymayhavebeensoconditionedtobeingontopthatanythinglessdisappoints.

1.Whydoestheauthorsaythatparentsarethetruefightersinthecollege-admissionswars?

A.Theyhavethefinalsayinwhichuniversitytheirchildrenaretoattend.

B.Theyknowbestwhichuniversitiesaremostsuitablefortheirchildren.

C.Theyhavetocarryoutintensivesurveysofcollegesbeforechildrenmakeanapplication.

D.Theycaremoreaboutwhichcollegetheirchildrengotothanthechildrenthemselves.

2.Whydoparentsurgetheirchildrentoapplytomoreschoolthanever?

A.theywanttoincreasetheirchildrenchancesofenteringaprestigiouscollege.

B.theyhopetheirchildrencanenterauniversitythatoffersattractivescholarships.

C.Theirchildrenallhaveawiderchoiceofwhichcollegetogoto.

D.Eliteuniversitiesnowenrollfewerstudentthantheyusedto.

3.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“kidscountmorethantheircolleges”.(Line1,para.4)?

A.Continuingeducationismoreimportanttoapersonsuccess.

B.Apersonhappinessshouldbevaluedmorethantheireducation.

C.Kidsactualabilitiesaremoreimportantthantheircollegebackground.

D.Whatkidslearnatcollegecannotkeepupwithjobmarketrequirements.

4.WhatdoesKruegerstudytellus?

A.GettingintoPh.D.programsmaybemorecompetitivethangettingintocollege.

B.Degreesofprestigiousuniversitiesdoesnotguaranteeentrytograduateprograms.

C.GraduatesfromprestigiousuniversitiesdoesnotcaremuchabouttheirGREscores.

D.Connectionsbuiltinprestigiousuniversitiesmaybesustainedlongaftergraduation.

5.Onepossibleresultofpushingchildrenintoeliteuniversitiesisthat(

).

A.theyearnlessthantheirpeersfromotherinstitutions

B.theyturnouttobelesscompetitiveinthejobmarket

C.theyexperiencemorejobdissatisfactionaftergraduation

D.theyoveremphasizetheirqualificationsinjobapplication

【答案】1.D

2.A

3.C

4.B

5.C

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容“Weseeourkids'collegebackgroundaseprizedemonstratinghowwellwe'veraisedthem.Butwecan'tacknowledgethatourobsessionismoreaboutusthanthem.”我們把子女的教育背景當(dāng)成是一種獎(jiǎng)品，展示我們?nèi)绾纬晒Φ仞B(yǎng)育了他們。但卻不承認(rèn)我們對此的癡迷與其說是為了他們，不如說是為了我們自己。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.

根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Wehaveafull-blownprestigepanic;weworrythattherewon'tbeenoughprizestogoaround.Fearfulparentsurgetheirchildrentoapplytomoreschoolsthanever.”我們對名聲有著極度的恐慌，我們擔(dān)心孩子無法接受較好的高等教育。由此可知，選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.count意為"重要，有價(jià)值"。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，進(jìn)入知名大學(xué)并不是唯一的指標(biāo)，知名大學(xué)的學(xué)歷也并不能幫助學(xué)生進(jìn)入博士學(xué)習(xí)。這些說明了孩子本身的能力比他們學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)校更重要。選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.

根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Krueger”定位到第四段的最后兩句“...HighscoresontheGREhelpedexplainwhogotin;degreesofprestigiousuniversitiesdidn't.”GRE的高分有助于決定誰能繼續(xù)博士學(xué)習(xí)，而知名大學(xué)的學(xué)歷不能做到這一點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)B知名大學(xué)的學(xué)歷并不能保證能繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)與原文相符，正確。

5.

根據(jù)最后一段的后半部分“Onestudyfoundthat,otherthingsbeingequal,graduatesofhighlyselectiveschoolsexperiencedmorejobdissatisfaction.”選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.單選題

Overthepastdecade,manycompanieshadperfectedtheartofcreatingautomaticbehaviors—habits—amongconsumers.Thesehabitshavehelpedcompaniesearnbillionsofdollarswhencustomerseatsnacks,applylotionsandwipecountersalmostwithoutthinking,ofteninresponsetoacarefullydesignedsetofdailycues.

“Therearefundamentalpublichealthproblems,likehandwashingwithsoap,thatremainkillersonlybecausewecan’tfigureouthowtochangepeople’shabits,”saidDr.Curtis,thedirectoroftheHygieneCenterattheLondonSchoolofHygiene&TropicalMedicine.“Wewantedtolearnfromprivateindustryhowtocreatenewbehaviorsthathappenautomatically.”

ThecompaniesthatDr.Curtisturnedto—Procter&Gamble,Colgate-PalmoliveandUnilever—hadinvestedhundredsofmillionsofdollarsfindingthesubtlecuesinconsumers’livesthatcorporationscouldusedtointroducenewroutines.

Ifyoulookhardenough,you’llfindthatmanyoftheproductsweuseeveryday—chewinggums,skinmoisturizers,disinfectingwipes,airfresheners,waterpurifiers,healthsnacks,antiperspirants,colognes,teethwhiteners,fabricsofteners,vitamins—areresultsofmanufacturedhabits.Acenturyago,fewpeopleregularlybrushedtheirteethmultipletimesaday.Today,becauseofcannyadvertisingandpublichealthcampaigns,manyAmericanshabituallygivetheirpearlywhitesacavity-preventingscrubtwiceaday,oftenwithColgate,Crestoroneoftheotherbrandsadvertisingthatnomorningiscompletewithoutaminty-freshmouth.

Afewdecadesago,manypeopledidn’tdrinkwateroutsideofameal.Thenbeveragecompaniesstartedbottlingtheproductionoffar-offsprings,andnowofficeworkersunthinkinglysipbottledwateralldaylong.Chewinggum,onceboughtprimarilybyadolescentboys,isnowfeaturedincommercialsasabreathfreshenerandteethcleanserforuseafterameal.Skinmoisturizers—whichareeffectiveevenifappliedathighnoon—areadvertisedaspartofmorningbeautyrituals,slippedinbetweenhairbrushingandputtingonmakeup.

“Ourproductssucceedwhentheybecomepartofdailyorweeklypatterns,”saidCarolBerning,aconsumerpsychologistwhorecentlyretiredfromProcter&Gamble,thecompanythatsold$76billionofTide,Crestandotherproductslastyear.“Creatingpositivehabitsisahugepartofimprovingourconsumers’lives,andit’sessentialtomakingnewproductscommerciallyviable.”

Throughexperimentsandobservation,socialscientistslikeDr.Berninghavelearnedthatthereispowerintyingcertainbehaviorstohabitualcuesthroughrelentlessadvertising.Asthisnewscienceofhabithasemerged,controversieshaveeruptedwhenthetacticshavebeenusedtosellquestionablebeautycreamsorunhealthyfoods.ButforactivistslikeDr.Curtis,thisemergingresearchoffersatypeofsalvation.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,consumers’goodhabitsinthepastweredevelopedby（）.

2.Judgingfromthecontext,theword“killers”(Line1,Para.2)mostprobablyrefersto（）.

3.Judgingfromthecontext,ColgateandCrestaremostprobably（）.

4.Bottledwater,chewinggum,andskinmoisturizersareusedinparagraph5asexamplestoindicate（）.

5.Whichofthefollowinggroupshasunfavorableopiniononadvertising?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theeffortsofmanycompanies

B.themselvesautomatically

C.perfectartofcreatingautomaticbehaviors

D.acarefullydesignedsetofdailycues

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.fundamentalpublichealthproblems

B.thingswhichareextremelydifficulttodealwith

C.peoplewhodeliberatelytakeother’slife

D.newbehaviorsthathappenautomatically

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.famousAmericancompanies

B.dailyconsumerproducts

C.tooth-pastebrands

D.pearlywhitejewelry

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theimportanceofgoodhabits

B.somedailynecessitiesforthecommonpeople

C.someproductsthathavesuccessfullychangedpeople’shabits

D.partofdailyorweeklypatternsofpeople’slife

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Consumerpsychologists

B.Socialscientists

C.Companypresidents

D.ActivistslikeDr.Curtis

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段首句“Overthepastdecade,manycompanieshadperfectedtheartofcreatingautomaticbehaviors—habits—amongconsumers.在過去的十年中，許多公司已經(jīng)完善了在消費(fèi)者群體中形成自發(fā)性的行為或者說是習(xí)慣的藝術(shù)。”由此可知，過去消費(fèi)者的許多習(xí)慣實(shí)際上是很多公司努力培養(yǎng)的結(jié)果，選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

2.詞義推斷題。根據(jù)第二段首句“Therearefundamentalpublichealthproblems,likehandwashingwithsoap,thatremainkillers.還有一些基本的公共衛(wèi)生問題，比如用肥皂洗手，仍然是殺手?！庇纱丝芍?，“killer”指的就是“fundamentalpublichealthproblems”，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句“Today,becauseofcannyadvertisingandpublichealthcampaigns,manyAmericanshabituallygivetheirpearlywhitesacavity-preventingscrubtwiceaday,oftenwithColgate,Crestoroneoftheotherbrandsadvertisingthatnomorningiscompletewithoutaminty-freshmouth.如今，由于精明的廣告宣傳和公共健康宣傳活動，許多美國人習(xí)慣給他們珍珠般潔白的牙齒一天兩次的防蛀牙刷洗，常用的是高露潔、佳潔士或其他品牌中的某一個(gè)，這些產(chǎn)品經(jīng)常宣傳說，沒有薄荷清新的口腔，早晨是不完整的。”由此可推測出，Colgate和Crest是牙膏品牌，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.判斷推理題。原文第六段的首句提及“當(dāng)我們的產(chǎn)品成為日?；蛎恐苣Ｊ降囊徊糠謺r(shí)，我們的產(chǎn)品就成功了”，也就是說，這些產(chǎn)品之所以成功，是因?yàn)樗鼈兏淖兞巳藗兊纳盍?xí)慣，而這些產(chǎn)品就是上文所提及的瓶裝水，口香糖和潤膚霜。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文最后一段的內(nèi)容可知“通過實(shí)驗(yàn)和觀察，像伯寧博士這樣的社會科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)認(rèn)識到，通過無休止的廣告，將某些行為與習(xí)慣暗示聯(lián)系起來是有用的。隨著這種新的習(xí)慣科學(xué)出現(xiàn)，當(dāng)這種策略被用于銷售有問題的美容霜或不健康食品時(shí)，爭議就爆發(fā)了?！庇纱丝芍?，社會科學(xué)家們可能會對廣告有不好的看法，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.單選題

“Youtrytogetsomesleep.I’ll______thepatient’sbreakfast”,saidthenurse.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.seeto

B.stickto

C.getto

D.leadto

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.seeto注意，負(fù)責(zé)B.stickto堅(jiān)持

C.getto到達(dá)，開始，接觸到D.leadto導(dǎo)致，通向

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意“我來______病人的早餐”可知，空格處填入seeto表示“負(fù)責(zé)”符合句意，所以該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】護(hù)士說：“你試著睡一會兒。我來負(fù)責(zé)病人的早餐?！?/p>

5.單選題

Whathetoldmewasa（）ofdownrightlies.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.load

B.mob

C.pack

D.flock

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。load“負(fù)荷，重?fù)?dān)，裝載量”；mob“暴民，烏合之眾”；pack“包裹，背包”；flock“（飛禽，牲畜等的）群”。句意：他告訴我的都是一些明顯的謊言。aloadof“大量，許多”，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.單選題

Businessinthisareahasbeen（）becausepricesaretoohigh.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prosperous

B.secretive

C.slack

D.shrill

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)prosperous“繁榮的，興旺的”；B選項(xiàng)secretive“秘密的，偷偷摸摸的”；C選項(xiàng)slack“松弛的，蕭條的”；D選項(xiàng)shrill“尖銳的，刺耳的”。句意：由于價(jià)格太高，這個(gè)地區(qū)的生意（）。本句表達(dá)的意思是“價(jià)格太高，所以這里的生意很蕭條”，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.翻譯題

Haveyouheardofthenews?NosoonerhadhearrivedinRomethanhewaskidnapped!

Smithfailedtoaccountforthedecreaseinthecompany’sannualprofits.

Noonecouldcomeupwithaneasysolutiontothelaborshortagewhichiscausedbythewars.

Althoughtheendofthetermwascloseathand,Tomhadnotcompletedallofftheprojectshehadhopedtofinish.

Idon’tthinkitissensibleofyoutoshowoffyourgreaterknowledgeinfrontofthechairman,foritmaywelloffendhim.

Itdoesn’tmakesensetobuythatexpensivecoatwhenthesecheaperonesarejustasgood.

Theflood-strickenareaisliabletoplagues,soitmakessensetostrengthentheepidemicpreventionthereforthesakeofhealth.

Thegovernmenthadtocometotermswiththetradeunionforfearthatthesituationmightbebeyondcontrol.

Thescientificandtechnologicalprogressisattributedtotheeffortsofthescientists,engineersandothertechnicalworkerswhohavemadeadifference.

Heshouldhavetoldthetruth.Butonsecondthought,heresolvedtokeepthesecret.

【答案】你聽說了嗎？他一到羅馬就被綁架了。

斯密斯沒能解釋公司年利潤下降的原因。

沒人能提出一個(gè)合適的方案來解決由這場戰(zhàn)爭導(dǎo)致的勞工短缺問題。

盡管就要學(xué)期末了，但是湯姆還沒有完成所有他想完成的項(xiàng)目。

我覺得你在校長面前炫耀自己豐富的知識是不明智的，因?yàn)檫@可能會冒犯他。

當(dāng)便宜的大衣跟貴的一樣好的時(shí)候，那還買貴的就沒意義了。

遭受洪災(zāi)的地區(qū)容易發(fā)生瘟疫，所以為了健康而加強(qiáng)流行病防疫是有意義的。

政府不得不與工會達(dá)成協(xié)議，唯恐局面失控。

科技進(jìn)步歸功于科學(xué)家、工程師和其他技術(shù)工作者做出的努力。

他本應(yīng)該說出真相的。但進(jìn)一步考慮后，他決定保守秘密。

8.單選題

ThestatusofwomenincolonialNorthAmericahasbeenwellstudiedanddescribedandcanbebrieflysummarized.Throughoutthecolonialperiodtherewasamarkedshortageofwomen,whichvariedwiththeregionsandwasalwaysgreatestinthefrontierareas.Thisfavorableratioenhancedwomen’sstatusandpositionandallowedthemtopursuedifferentcareers.ThePuritans,thereligioussectthatdominatedtheearlyBritishcoloniesinNorthAmerica,regardedidlenessasasin,andbelievedthatlifeinanunderdevelopedcountrymadeitabsolutelynecessarythateachmemberofthecommunityperformaneconomicfunction.Thusworkforwomen,marriedorsingle,wasnotonlyapproved,itwasregardedasacivicduty.Puritantowncouncilsexpectedwidowsandunattachedwomentobeself-supportingandforalongtimeprovidedneedyspinsterswithparcelsofland.Therewasnosocialsanctionagainstmarriedwomenworking；onthecontrary,wiveswereexpectedtohelptheirhusbandsintheirtradeandwonsocialapprovalfordoingextraworkinoroutofthehome.Needychildren,girlsaswellasboys,wereindenturedorapprenticedandwereexpectedtoworkfortheirkeep.

Thevastmajorityo￡womenworkedwithintheirhomes,wheretheirlaborproducedmostarticlesneededforthefamily.Theentirecolonialproductionofclothandclothingandpartiallythatofshoeswasinthehandsofwomen.Inadditiontotheseoccupations,womenwerefoundinmanydifferentkindsofemployment.Theywerebutchers,silversmiths,gunsmiths,upholsterers.Theytanmills,plantations,tanyards,shipyards,andeverykindofshop,tavern,andboardinghouse.Theyweregatekeepers,jailkeepers,sextons,journalists,printers,apothecaries,midwives,nurses,andteachers.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthePuritanwere（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whatdidthePuritansexpectfrommarriedwomen?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichproductsweremadeentirelybywomen?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Colonialmarriages.

B.ThePuritanreligion.

C.Colonialwomen’semployment.

D.Educationinthecolonies.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.uneducated

B.hardworking

C.generous

D.wealthy

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyshouldadoptneedychildren.

B.Theyshouldassistintheirhusbands’tradeorbusiness.

C.Theyshouldworkonlywithintheirownhomes.

D.Theyshouldbeapprenticed.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Gunpowderandbullets.

B.Cupsandplates.

C.Clothandclothing.

D.Paperandbooks

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】1.主旨題。根據(jù)文章第一段，殖民時(shí)期因?yàn)榕匀藬?shù)很少，所以對她們的社會地位和就業(yè)產(chǎn)生了有利影響，女性可以有自己的職業(yè)選擇。所以文章主要是討論女性的就業(yè)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“ThePuritans,thereligioussectthatdominatedtheearlyBritishcoloniesinNorthAmerica,regardedidlenessasasin,”，他們認(rèn)為懶惰是一種罪惡，可是清教徒是勤勞的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“wiveswereexpectedtohelptheirhusbandsintheirtradeandwonsocialapprovalfordoingextraworkinoroutofthehome.”丈夫期待妻子可以在他們的領(lǐng)域內(nèi)幫助他們，并且可以從事額外的行業(yè)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Theentirecolonialproductionofclothandclothingandpartiallythatofshoeswasinthehandsofwomen.”可知，布料和服裝都是女性親手做的。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

9.單選題

Theirproductsarefrequentlyoverpricedand（）inquality.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.influential

B.inferior

C.superior

D.subordinate

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)influential“有影響的；有勢力的”；B選項(xiàng)inferior“差的；自卑的；下級的”；C選項(xiàng)superior“上級的；優(yōu)秀的，出眾的”；D選項(xiàng)subordinate“從屬的，隸屬的；次要的”。句意：他們的產(chǎn)品時(shí)常定價(jià)過高且質(zhì)量很差。并列連詞and連接“定價(jià)過高的”和空格，因此空格處填入B項(xiàng)合適。

10.單選題

He___afewmoreboardsfromthecabinettomaketheinsidemorespacious.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.separated

B.divided

C.detached

D.parted

【答案】C

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)separated“（使）分離，分開（指把兩個(gè)人或物分開，著重從原屬一個(gè)整體中移居一部分或把兩者隔開）；隔開；分手；（使）分居；（使）區(qū)別（于）”；B選項(xiàng)divided“（使）分開；分成（指把一個(gè)整體按要求分成幾個(gè)部分，暗示分配之意；也可指分開兩個(gè)對立的事物）；分配；分擔(dān)；分隔；（道路）分叉；使產(chǎn)生分歧；（數(shù)）除，除以”；C選項(xiàng)detached“拆卸；掙脫；派遣；可方便地取下；執(zhí)行單獨(dú)任務(wù)”；D選項(xiàng)parted“離開；分別（多指使緊密相連的人或物分開，往往暗示最后分離的意味）；分開；隔離；分散；解散；裂開；斷裂；（頭發(fā)）梳成分頭”。句意：他從柜子上___幾塊木板，使里面更寬敞。本句表達(dá)“從柜子上拆卸木板”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

WhilethepopulationoftheUnitedStatesincludesagreatvarietyofracialandethnicbackgrounds,Japan’spopulationis（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.autonomous

B.homogeneous

C.ambitious

D.anonymous

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。autonomous意為“自治的”；homogeneous意為“同性質(zhì)的，同類的”；ambitious意為“有雄心的”；anonymous意為“無名的”。

句意：雖然美國的人口包括各種各樣的種族和民族背景，但日本的人口是同性質(zhì)的。

12.單選題

Overthepastseveraldecades,theU.S.,Canada,andEuropehavereceivedagreatdealofmediaandevenresearchattentionoverunusualphenomenaandunsolvedmysteries.TheseincludeUFOsaswellassightingsandencounterswith“nonhumancreatures”suchasBigfootandtheLochNessmonster.OnlyrecentlyhasLatinAmericabeguntoreceivesomeattentionaswell.AlthoughthemysteriesoftheAztec,Mayan,andIncacivilizationshavebeenknownforcenturies,nowthepublicisalsobecomingawareofunusual,paranormalphenomenaincountriessuchasPeru.

TheNazca“l(fā)ines”ofPeruwerediscoveredinthe1930s.Thesefinesaredeeplycarvedintoaflat,stonyplain,andformabout300intricatepicturesofanimalssuchasbirds,amonkey,andalizard.Seenatgroundlevel,thedesignsareajumbledsenselessmess.Theimagesaresolargethattheycanonlybeviewedataheightof1,000feet-meaningfromanaircraft.Yettherewerenoaircraftin300B.C.,whenitisjudgedthedesignsweremade.Norweretherethen,oraretherenow,anynearbymountainrangesfromwhichtoviewthem.SohowandwhydidthenativepeopleofNazcacreatethesemarvelousdesigns?Oneanswerappearedin1969,whentheGermanresearcherandwriterErichvonDanikenproposedthatthelinesweredrawnbyextraterrestrialsasrunwaysfortheiraircraft.ThescientificcommunitydidnottakelongtoscoffatandabandonvonDaniken’stheory.Overtheyearsseveralothertheorieshavebeenputforth,butnonehasbeenacceptedbythescientificcommunity.

TodaythereisanewandheightenedinterestintheNazcalines.ItisadirectresultofthecreationoftheInternet.Currentlythereareover60sitesdedicatedtothismysteryfromLatinAmerica’spast,andevenrespectedscientistshavejoinedthediscussionthroughe-mailandchatrooms.

WilltheInternethelpexplaintheseunsolvedmysteries?Perhapsitisastepintherightdirection.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

2.Accordingtothepassage,theNazcalineswerefound（）.

3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthehigherthelinesareseen,the（）imagestheypresent.

3.TherehasbeenincreasinginterestintheNazcalinesmainlybecauseof（）.

5.Theauthoris（）abouttheroleoftheInternetinsolvingmysteries.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.LatinAmericahaslongreceivedattentionforunusualphenomena

B.PublicattentionisnowdirectedtowardscountrieslikePeru

C.PublicinterestusuallyfocusesonNorthAmericaandEurope

D.Someancientcivilizationshaveunsolvedmysteries

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.inmountains

B.instones

C.onanimals

D.onaplain

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.smaller

B.larger

C.clearer

D.brighter

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theparticipationofscientists

B.theemergenceoftheInternet

C.thebirthofnewtheories

D.theinterestintheInternet

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.cautious

B.pessimistic

C.uncertain

D.optimistic

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干：以下哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)的陳述不正確？文章第一段第三句指出OnlyrecentlyhasLatinAmericabeguntoreceivesomeattentionaswell.（直到最近，拉丁美洲也開始受到一些關(guān)注。），可知A選項(xiàng)“拉丁美洲長期以來一直因異?，F(xiàn)象而受到關(guān)注”，與原文意思矛盾，表述不正確，答案選A；根據(jù)第一段最后一句話AlthoughthemysteriesoftheAztec,Mayan,andIncacivilizationshavebeenknownforcenturies,nowthepublicisalsobecomingawareofunusual,paranormalphenomenaincountriessuchasPeru.（盡管阿茲特克文明、瑪雅文明和印加文明的奧秘已經(jīng)為人所知好幾個(gè)世紀(jì)了，但現(xiàn)在公眾也開始意識到在秘魯?shù)葒页霈F(xiàn)了不尋常的超自然現(xiàn)象。），可知B選項(xiàng)“公眾的注意力現(xiàn)在轉(zhuǎn)向了像秘魯這樣的國家”和D選項(xiàng)“一些古代文明有未解之謎”，均符合文意；根據(jù)第一段第一句話Overthepastseveraldecades,theU.S.,Canada,andEuropehavereceivedagreatdealofmediaandevenresearchattentionoverunusualphenomenaandunsolvedmysteries.（在過去的幾十年里，美國、加拿大和歐洲因異常現(xiàn)象和未解之謎而受到了大量媒體甚至研究的關(guān)注。），可知C選項(xiàng)“公眾的興趣通常集中在北美和歐洲”正確。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：根據(jù)文章可知，納斯卡線條在_____被發(fā)現(xiàn)。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Nazcalines”定位至第二段第二句話Thesefinesaredeeplycarvedintoaflat,stonyplain,andformabout300intricatepicturesofanimalssuchasbirds,amonkey,andalizard.（這些細(xì)雕被深深地雕刻成一個(gè)平坦的石質(zhì)平原，并形成了大約300幅復(fù)雜的動物圖片，如鳥、猴子和蜥蜴。），可知D選項(xiàng)“在平原”，正確。A選項(xiàng)“在山區(qū)”，B選項(xiàng)“石頭上”和C選項(xiàng)“在動物身上”，均不是正確答案。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是D選項(xiàng)。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：我們可以根據(jù)文章推斷，在越高的地方看這些線條，圖像展現(xiàn)得就會越_________。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第三，四句話Seenatgroundlevel,thedesignsareajumbledsenselessmess.Theimagesaresolargethattheycanonlybeviewedataheightof1,000feet-meaningfromanaircraft.（從地面上看，這些設(shè)計(jì)是亂七八糟，毫無意義的東西。這些圖像是如此之大，以至于只能在1000英尺的高度—也就是說從飛機(jī)上看。），也就是說，從越高的地方看這些線條，圖案也就越清晰。所以本題C選項(xiàng)“越清晰”，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“越渺小”，B選項(xiàng)“越龐大”，和D選項(xiàng)“越明亮”，均不符合題意。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是C選項(xiàng)。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：人們對納斯卡線條越來越感興趣主要是因?yàn)開_________。由題干可以定位到文章第三段前兩句TodaythereisanewandheightenedinterestintheNazcalines.ItisadirectresultofthecreationoftheInternet.（今天，人們對納斯卡線條有了新的更大的興趣。它是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)誕生的直接結(jié)果。），可知B選項(xiàng)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的出現(xiàn)”，符合題意；而第三段最后一句話andevenrespectedscientistshavejoinedthediscussionthroughe-mailandchatrooms.（甚至受人尊敬的科學(xué)家也通過電子郵件和聊天室加入了討論），是對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對其貢獻(xiàn)的具體說明，不是直接原因，故A選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家的參與”，不正確；C選項(xiàng)“新理論的誕生”和D選項(xiàng)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的興趣”與題干無關(guān)，故排除。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。題干：關(guān)于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在解決神秘事件中的作用，作者是__________。全文末句表達(dá)了作者的態(tài)度Perhapsitisastepinthefightdirection.（也許這是朝著正確方向邁出的一步。）這里astepintherightdirection是對這種解開不解之謎的方式的肯定，但加上perhaps之后可以感受到作者這種謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度，故A選項(xiàng)“謹(jǐn)慎的”，符合題意。B選項(xiàng)“悲觀的”，C選項(xiàng)“不確定的”和D選項(xiàng)“樂觀的”，均不是作者的態(tài)度。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

13.單選題

Britain’srichestpeoplehaveexperiencedthebiggesteverriseintheirwealth,accordingtotheSundayTimesRichList.DrivenbytheneweconomyoftheInternetandcomputerentrepreneurs,thewealthofthoseatthetopofthefinancialtreehasincreasedatanunprecedentedrate.The12thannualRichListwillshowthatthecollectiveworthofthecountry’srichest1,000peoplereachednearly146billionpoundsbyJanuary,thecutoffpointforthesurvey.Theyrepresentedanincreaseof31billion,or27%,injust12months.Sincethesurveywascompiled,Britain’srichesthaveaddedbillionsmoretotheirwealth,thankstothecontinuingboomintechnologysharesonthestockmarket.Thishaspushedupthetotalvalueofthewealthoftherichest1,000toaprobable160billionaccordingtoDr.PhilipBeresford,Britain’sacknowledgedexpertonpersonalwealthwhocompilestheSundayTimesRichList.

ThemillenniumboomexceedsanythinginBritain’seconomichistory,includingtherailwayboomofthe1840sandtheSouthSeabubbleof1720.IthasmadeMargaretThatcher’sboomseem