考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣西幼兒師范高等專科學(xué)校押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣西幼兒師范高等?？茖W(xué)校押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Whenevertwoormoreunusualtraitsorsituationsarefoundinthesameplace,itistemptingtolookformorethanacoincidentalrelationshipbetweenthem.ThehighHimalayasandtheTibetanplateaucertainlyhaveextraordinaryphysicalcharacteristicsandthecultureswhicharefoundtherearealsounusual,thoughnotunique.HoweverthereisnointentionofadoptingMontesquieuviewofclimateandsoilasculturaldeterminants.Theecologyofaregionmerelyposessomeoftheproblemsfacedbytheinhabitantsoftheregion,andwhiletheproblemsfacingacultureareimportanttoitsdevelopment,theydonotdetermineit.

TheappearanceoftheHimalayasduringthelateTertiaryPeriodandtheaccompanyingfurtherraisingofthepreviouslyestablishedrageshadamarkedeffectontheclimateoftheregion.Primarily,ofcourse,itblockedtheIndianmonsoonfromreachingCentralAsiaatall.Secondarily,airandmoisturefromotherdirectionswerealsoreduced.

PriortotheraisingoftheHimalayas,thelandnowformingtheTibetanuplandshadadry,continentalclimatewithvegetationandanimallifesimilartothatofmuchoftherestoftheregiononthesameparallel,butsomewhatdifferentthanthatoftheareasfarthernorth,whichwerealreadydrier.WiththecomingoftheHimalayasandtherelativelysuddendryingoutoftheregion,therewasaseverethinningoutoftheanimalandplantpopulation.TheensuingincompletePleistoceneglaciationshadafurtherthinningeffect,butsignificantlydidnotwipeoutlifeinthearea.Thusaftertheendoftheglaciationstherewereonlyafewvarietiesoflifeextantfromtheoriginalcontinentalspecies.IsolatedbytheKunlunrangefromtheTarimbasinandTurfandepression,specieswhichhadalreadyadaptedtothedrysteppeclimate,andwouldotherwisehavebeenexpectedtoflourishinTibetan,theremainingnativefaunaandfloramultiplied.ArmanddescribestheTibetanfaunaasnothavinggreatvariety,butbeing"striking*'intheabundanceoftheparticularspeciesthatarepresent.Theplantlifeissimilarlylimitedinvariety,withsomeobserversfindingnomorethanseventyvarietiesofplantsineventherelativelyfertileEasternTibetanvalleys,withfewerthantenfoodcrops.Tibetan"tea"isamajorstaple,perhapsreplacingtheunavailablevegetables.

Thedifficultiesoflivinginanenvironmentatoncedryandcold,andpopulatedwithspeciesmoreusuallyfoundinmorehospitableclimates,aregreat.Thesedifficultiesmaywellhaveinfluencedtheunusualpolyandrous(一妻多夫制)societiestypicaloftheregion.Lattimoreseesthemaintenanceofmultiple-husbandhouseholdsasbeingpreservedfromearlierformsbytheharshconditionsoftheTibetanuplands,whichpermittednoexperimentationand"froze"thecultureswhichcamethere.Kawakita,ontheotherhand,seesthepolyandryasawayofeasilypermittingthebesthouseholdertobecometheheadhusbandregardlessofage.HisdetailedstudiesoftheBhoteavillageofTsumjedoseemtosupportthisideaofpolyandryasamethodoftalentmobilityisasituationwhereeventhebesttalentisbarelyenoughforsurvival.

Insum,thoughargumentscanbemadethatapre-existingpolyandroussystemwasstrengthenedandpreserved(insofarasithasbeen)bytherigorsoftheland,itwouldcertainlybeanoverstatementtolaycausativefactorsofanystrongernaturetotheecologicalinfluencesinthiscase.

1.Whatarethe“unusualtraitsorsituations”referredtointhefirstsentence?

2.Thepurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

3.Theauthor’sknowledgeofTibetisprobably

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwouldprobablybethemostagreeabletoMontesquieu?

5.ThespeciesoffaunaandfloraremaininginTibetafterthePleistoceneglaciationscanproperlybecalledcontinentalbecausethey（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Patternsofanimalandplantgrowth.

B.FoodandfoodpreparationpatternsoftheuplandTibetans.

C.SocialandfamilialorganizationoftypicalTibetansociety.

D.Alloftheabove.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.analyzethepossiblecausallinksbetweenTibetanecologyandsociety

B.describethesocialorganizationoftypicalTibetanvillages

C.describeTibetanfaunaandflora

D.analyzethemysteriesofthesuddenappearanceoftheHimalayas

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.basedonfirsthandexperience

B.theresultoflifelongstudies

C.derivedfrombooksonly

D.limitedtogeologicalhistory

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Allregionshavedifferentsoilsandthus,differentcultures.

B.someregionswithsimilarclimateswillhavesimilarcultures.

C.Culturesinthesamearea,sharingsoilandclimate,willbeessentiallyidentical.

D.Theplantsofacountry,bybeingthefoodofitspeople,causethepeopletohavesimilarviewstooneanother.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.areoriginallyfoundincontinentalclimates

B.aretheonlylifeformsinTibet,whichisasbigasacontinent

C.havebeenfoundinotherpartsoftheAsiancontinent

D.arefoundinlandmassthatusedtobeaseparatecontinent

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目提問(wèn)‘第一句中提到的“不尋常的特征或情況”是什么？’根據(jù)第三段第一句“..thelandnowformingtheTibetanuplandshadadry,continentalclimatewithvegetationandanimallifesimilartothatofmuchoftherestoftheregiononthesameparallel,butsomewhatdifferentthanthatoftheareasfarthernorth,whichwerealreadydrier.青藏高原地帶是干燥的大陸性氣候，動(dòng)物和植被與同緯度的相似，但是與更北的地區(qū)有些不同，那里更干燥。”可以推知A項(xiàng)動(dòng)植物生長(zhǎng)模式‘’符合其特征。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Theplantlifeissimilarlylimitedinvariety,withsomeobserversfindingnomorethanseventyvarietiesofplantsineventherelativelyfertileEasternTibetanvalleys,withfewerthantenfoodcrops.Tibetan"tea"isamajorstaple,perhapsreplacingtheunavailablevegetables.這種植物的品種也同樣有限，一些觀察人士發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使是相對(duì)肥沃的東部藏谷，也不超過(guò)70種植物。只有不到10種糧食作物。藏文“茶”是主要的主食，也許可以取代不可缺少的蔬菜。”可知B項(xiàng)‘高原藏人的食物和食物制作模式’符合。根據(jù)第四段中“Thesedifficultiesmaywellhaveinfluencedtheunusualpolyandroussocietiestypicaloftheregion.這些困難肯定對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)睾髞?lái)不同尋常的一妻多夫制的出現(xiàn)產(chǎn)生了影響”可知，可知C選項(xiàng)‘典型的藏族社會(huì)家庭組織’符合。所以ABC選項(xiàng)都談及到了這種不尋常的特征，所以D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.主旨大意題。題目提問(wèn)‘這篇文章的目的是什么？’文章第一段最后一句‘Theecologyofaregionmerelyposessomeoftheproblemsfacedbytheinhabitantsoftheregion,andwhiletheproblemsfacingacultureareimportanttoitsdevelopment,theydonotdetermineit.一個(gè)地區(qū)的生態(tài)只造成該地區(qū)居民所面臨的一些問(wèn)題，而一種文化所面臨的問(wèn)題雖然對(duì)其發(fā)展很重要，但并不能決定它的發(fā)展。’指出生態(tài)會(huì)影響但不決定人文風(fēng)氣。最后一段尾句“Insum,thoughargumentscanbemadethatapre-existingpolyandroussystemwasstrengthenedandpreserved(insofarasithasbeen)bytherigorsoftheland,itwouldcertainlybeanoverstatementtolaycausativefactorsofanystrongernaturetotheecologicalinfluencesinthiscase.總而言之，盡管可以提出論點(diǎn)說(shuō)，由于土地的嚴(yán)酷條件，已經(jīng)存在的一妻多夫制得到了加強(qiáng)和保護(hù)(就目前而言)，但在這種情況下，把任何性質(zhì)更強(qiáng)的原因因素都?xì)w罪于生態(tài)影響，那肯定是言過(guò)其實(shí)了?！闭劶爱?dāng)?shù)匾黄薅喾蛑频纳鐣?huì)組織結(jié)構(gòu)可能受到生態(tài)該環(huán)境的影響。因此，可推知A選項(xiàng)“分析青藏地區(qū)生態(tài)和社會(huì)之間的可能因果聯(lián)系”正確。

3.推理判斷題。題目提問(wèn)‘作者對(duì)西藏的了解可能是什么？’本文并未談及作者自己的經(jīng)歷和研究，而是分別引述了Montesquieu’sview和Armand的描述，以及Lattimore和Kawakita的觀點(diǎn)，因此，作者對(duì)青藏高原的了解是C選項(xiàng)‘源于書本’。

推理判斷題。題目提問(wèn)‘根據(jù)文章，下列哪項(xiàng)最可能是Montesquieu同意的？’文章第一段介紹了青藏高原的地理特征和文化，然后提出“HoweverthereisnointentionofadoptingMontesquieuviewofclimateandsoilasculturaldeterminants.然而，不打算采用孟德斯鳩關(guān)于氣候和土壤的觀點(diǎn)作為文化決定因素?！币虼?，可以推知‘孟德斯鳩是環(huán)境決定論支持者，即外部環(huán)境決定人文風(fēng)氣’，C選項(xiàng)“在共享土地和氣候的同一個(gè)地方，文化基本上是相同的”符合他的觀點(diǎn)。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問(wèn)‘更新世冰蝕以后，仍然存在于西藏的動(dòng)植物群可以成為大陸性的動(dòng)植物群，是因?yàn)槭裁?？’根?jù)第三段中“Thusaftertheendoftheglaciationstherewereonlyafewvarietiesoflifeextantfromtheoriginalcontinentalspecies.因此，在冰川期結(jié)束后，原始大陸物種中僅存少數(shù)種類的生物?！彼?，它們被稱為大陸性動(dòng)植物群是因?yàn)锳選項(xiàng)‘它們?cè)瓉?lái)是在大陸性氣候中被發(fā)現(xiàn)的’。

2.單選題

Thegoodnewsisthatcreativitytrainingthatalignswiththenewscienceworkssurprisinglywell.TheUniversityofOklahoma,theUniversityofGeorgia,andTaiwan’sNationalChengchiUniversityeachindependentlyconductedalarge-scaleanalysisofsuchprograms.Allthreeteamsofscholarsconcludedthatcreativitytrainingcanhaveastrongeffect.“Creativitycanbetaught.”saysJamesC.Kaufman,professoratCaliforniaStateUniversity,SanBernardino.

What’scommonaboutsuccessfulprogramsistheyalternatemaximumdivergentthinkingwithboutsofintenseconvergentthinking,throughseveralstages.Realimprovementdoesn’thappeninaweekendworkshop.Butwhenappliedtotheeverydayprocessofworkorschool,brainfunctionimproves.

SowhatdoesthismeanforAmerica’sstandards-obsessedschools?Thekeyisinhowkidsworkthroughthevastcatalogofinformation.ConsidertheNationalInventorsHallofFameSchool,anewpublicmiddleschoolinAkron,Ohio.MindfulofOhio’scurriculumrequirements,theschool’steacherscameupwithaprojectforthefifthgraders:figureouthowtoreducethenoiseinthelibrary.Itswindowsfacedapublicspaceand,evenwhenclosed,letthroughtoomuchnoise.Thestudentshadfourweekstodesignproposals.

Workinginsmallteams,thefifthgradersfirstengagedinwhatcreativitytheoristDonaldTreffingerdescribesasfact-finding.Howdoessoundtravelthroughmaterials?Whatmaterialsreducenoisethemost?Then,problemfinding—anticipatingallpotentialpitfallssotheirdesignsaremorelikelytowork.Next,idea-findinggenerateasmanyideasaspossible.Drapes,plants,orlargekiteshungfromtheceilingwouldallbafflesound.Or,insteadofreducingthesound,maybemaskitbyplayingthesoundofgentlewaterfall?Aproposalfordouble-panedglassevolvedintoanideatofillthespacebetweenpaneswithwater.Next,solution-finding:whichideaswerethemosteffective,cheapest,andaestheticallypleasing?Fiberglassabsorbedsoundthebestbutwouldn’tbesafe.Wouldanaquariumwithfishbeeasierthanwater-filledpanes?

Thenteamsdevelopedaplanofaction.Theybuiltscalemodelsandchosefabricsamples.Theyrealizedthey’dneedtopersuadeajanitortocarefortheplantsandfishduringvacation.Teamspersuadedotherstosupportthem—sometimessowell,teamsdecidedtocombineprojects.Finally,theypresenteddesignstoteachers,parents,andJimWest,inventoroftheelectricmicrophone.

51.Thegoodnewsaboutthethreeteams’conclusionisthat______.

52.Accordingtothepassagetheimprovementofdivergentandconvergentthinkingtakeplace______.

53.ThesubjectsoftheprojectinanAmerica’sstandards-obsessedschoolare______.

54.Accordingtotheauthor,theteamsintheschoolprojecthavegonethroughthefollowingstepsexcept______.

55.WhatwasindicatedfromthetactthattheteamspresenteddesignstoJimWest,inventoroftheelectricmicrophone?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.large-scaleanalysishasbeenconducted

B.threeuniversitiesallreachedtheirconclusions

C.creativetrainingcoincidewithnewscienceworks

D.creativetrainingcanbestronglyaffected

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.indifferentstages

B.duringexperiment

C.onweekendworkshop

D.inroutineworkorschool

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thefifthgraders

B.thescientists

C.thewindows

D.theproposals

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.findingfacts

B.findingplans

C.findingideas

D.findingsolutions

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theteamsneedtomakeaconsultation.

B.Theteamswouldliketopersuadehim.

C.Thedesignsoftheteamsreachedahighlevel.

D.Thedesignsoftheteamsgothissupport.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】51.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干的意思是“關(guān)于這三個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的結(jié)論，好消息是什么？”。從第一段Thegoodnewsisthatcreativitytrainingthatalignswiththenewscienceworkssurprisinglywell.（好消息是與技術(shù)學(xué)結(jié)盟的創(chuàng)造性訓(xùn)練效果出乎意料的好）和后面三個(gè)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)得出的結(jié)論Creativitycanbetaught.（創(chuàng)造力可以被教授），可以得出關(guān)于這三個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的結(jié)論的好消息是創(chuàng)造性訓(xùn)練與新的科技相吻合；A選項(xiàng)“進(jìn)行了大規(guī)模分析”和B選項(xiàng)“三個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)都得出了結(jié)論”不是關(guān)于結(jié)論的好消息，D選項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)造力能夠被強(qiáng)烈的影響”不夠具體，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

52.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干的意思是“分散和聚合思維發(fā)生在哪里？”。第二段提到Realimprovementdoesn’thappeninaweekendworkshop.Butwhenappliedtotheeverydayprocessofworkorschool,brainfunctionimproves.（真正的進(jìn)步不會(huì)發(fā)生在周末的研討會(huì)上。但如果應(yīng)用到日常工作或?qū)W習(xí)過(guò)程中，大腦功能就會(huì)得到提高）；由此推斷分散和聚合思維發(fā)生在日常工作和學(xué)習(xí)中，A項(xiàng)“不同階段”沒(méi)有提到；B項(xiàng)“實(shí)驗(yàn)中”包括在學(xué)校工作里面；C項(xiàng)“周末研討會(huì)”錯(cuò)誤。因此D項(xiàng)正確。

53.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干的意思是“課題的主題是什么？”。第三段提到theschool’steacherscameupwithaprojectforthefifthgraders:figureouthowtoreducethenoiseinthelibrary.Itswindowsfacedapublicspaceand,evenwhenclosed,letthroughtoomuchnoise.Thestudentshadfourweekstodesignproposals.（學(xué)校的老師們給五年級(jí)的學(xué)生們提出了一個(gè)課題：如何減少圖書館的噪音。它的窗戶面向公共空間，即使關(guān)上了仍然有很大的噪音。學(xué)生們有四周的時(shí)間來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)方案）；由此可知課題是就如何減少圖書館的噪音做方案。A項(xiàng)是“五年級(jí)”，B項(xiàng)是“科學(xué)家”，C項(xiàng)是“窗戶”，D項(xiàng)是“方案”；因此D項(xiàng)正確。

54.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干的意思是“根據(jù)作者，在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目中，五年級(jí)學(xué)生團(tuán)隊(duì)做以下幾個(gè)步驟除了……以外？”。第四段講述的都是五年級(jí)團(tuán)隊(duì)為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目所做的一些行動(dòng)，文中提到了fact-finding,problem-finding,idea-finding和solution-finding，由此可知只有B項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)計(jì)劃”沒(méi)有提到，所以此題選B選項(xiàng)。

55.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干的意思是“小組把設(shè)計(jì)方案提交給JimWest暗示了什么？”。最后一段指出Teamspersuadedotherstosupportthem—sometimessowell,teamsdecidedtocombineprojects.Finally,theypresenteddesignstoteachers,parents,andJimWest,inventoroftheelectricmicrophone.（團(tuán)隊(duì)說(shuō)服了其他團(tuán)隊(duì)支持他們，有時(shí)候情況好到各團(tuán)隊(duì)決定把設(shè)計(jì)方案結(jié)合在一起；最后，他們向老師、家長(zhǎng)和電子麥克風(fēng)的發(fā)明者吉姆?韋斯特（JimWest）展示了設(shè)計(jì)方案），可以推測(cè)，他們是想要咨詢老師，父母和JimWest的意見(jiàn)，B項(xiàng)“團(tuán)隊(duì)說(shuō)服了Jim”、C項(xiàng)“設(shè)計(jì)方案達(dá)到了更高的級(jí)別”和D項(xiàng)“團(tuán)隊(duì)得到了Jim的支持”均未提到。因此此題選A選項(xiàng)。

3.單選題

Ispentmostofmymoneyinthefirstweekand（）hadverylittletoeatduringthelastfewdaysoftheholiday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.afterall

B.consequently

C.otherwise

D.anyhow

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。afterall“畢竟”；consequently“因此，結(jié)果”；otherwise“否則，不然”；anyhow“無(wú)論如何，總之”。句意：我第一周就花掉了大部分的錢，因此在假期的最后幾天只能吃一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)東西。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.單選題

Ourape-menforefathershadnoobviousweaponsinthestruggleforsurvivalintheopen.Theyhadneitherthepowerfulteethnorthe（1）clawsofthebigcats.Theycouldnot（2）withthebear,whosestrength,speedandclaws（3）animpressive“small-fire”weaponry.Theycouldnotevendefendthemselves（4）runningswiftlylikehorse,zebrasorsmallanimals.Iftheape-menhadattemptedtocompeteonthosetermsintheopen,theywouldhavebeen（5）tofailureandextinction.Buttheywere（6）withenormousconcealedadvantagesofakindnot（7）byanyoftheircompetitors.

Inthesearch（8）thepickingsoftheforest,theape-manhad（9）efficientstereoscopicvisionandasenseofcolor（10）theanimalsofthegrasslandsdidnotpossess.Theabilitytoseeclearlyatcloserange（11）theape-mentostudypracticalproblemsinawaythatlayfar（12）hereachoftheoriginalinhabitantsofthegrassland.Goodlongdistancesightwas（13）anothermatter.Lackoflong-distancevisionhadnotbeenaproblemforforest-dwellingapesandmonkeysbecausethehighertheviewpoint,thegreatertherangeofsight,so（14）theyhadhadtodowasclimbatree.Outintheopen,however,thissimplesolutionwasnot（15）.Climbingahillwouldhavehelped,butinmanyplacesthegroundwasflat.Theape-men（16）theonlypossiblesolution.Theyrearedupashighas（17）ontheirhindlimbsandbegantowalkupright.Thisvitalchangeofphysicalpositionbroughtaboutconsiderabledisadvantages.Itwasextremelyunstableanditmeantthatthealreadyslowape-manbecameslowerstill.（18）theyperseveredandtheirbonestructuregraduallybecame（19）tothenew,unstablepositionthat（20）themthenameHomoerectus,uprightman.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.big

B.weak

C.strong

D.small

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.match

B.compare

C.rival

D.equal

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.became

B.equipped

C.posed

D.provided

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.upon

C.by

D.with

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.driven

B.doomed

C.forced

D.led

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.bestowed

B.given

C.presented

D.endowed

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.managed

B.possessed

C.posed

D.opposed

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.of

C.on

D.at

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.progressed

B.generated

C.developed

D.advanced

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.as

C.what

D.that

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.urged

B.permitted

C.banned

D.caused

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.from

B.apart

C.beyond

D.above

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.rather

B.quite

C.much

D.really

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.anything

B.that

C.everything

D.all

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.available

B.enough

C.sufficient

D.convenient

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.chose

B.adopted

C.accepted

D.took

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.valuable

B.acceptable

C.possible

D.able

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.However

B.Therefore

C.Meanwhile

D.Subsequently

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.suited

B.familiarized

C.adapted

D.accustomed

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.obtained

B.called

C.deserved

D.earned

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:D

第7題:B

第8題:B

第9題:C

第10題:D

第11題:B

第12題:C

第13題:B

第14題:D

第15題:A

第16題:B

第17題:C

第18題:A

第19題:C

第20題:D

【解析】（1）考查前后邏輯。neither…nor…“既不······也不······”，兩個(gè)詞接后面接類似的詞，neither后面接的是powerful，所以nor后面應(yīng)該接四個(gè)選項(xiàng)里的strong。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（2）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。match“使匹配，使相稱”；compare“比較”；rival“與······競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”；equal“等于，比得上”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟馐牵核麄儽炔簧瞎沸?，狗熊的力量、速度和爪子都能夠提供很好的武器。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（3）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。become“成為”；equip“裝備；配備”；pose“擺姿勢(shì)”；provide“提供”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟鈪⒖嫉?2題，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（4）考查介詞詞義辨析?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟馐牵核麄兩踔敛荒芟耨R和斑馬那樣通過(guò)奔跑來(lái)保護(hù)自己。by“通過(guò)”，符合題意。

（5）考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。bedrivento“沉浸于”；bedoomedtosth.“注定”；beforcedto“被迫”；leadto“導(dǎo)致”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟馐牵喝绻粋€(gè)類人猿試圖在野外與其他動(dòng)物搏斗，他們注定失敗并且滅絕。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（6）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。bestow“贈(zèng)給”，常與on或upon搭配；give“給”，常與to搭配；present“贈(zèng)予”，常與with搭配；endow“天生具有，賦予”，一般用被動(dòng)式與with搭配?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟馐牵核麄兲焐鷵碛衅渌魏胃?jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手所不具有的某種巨大的隱蔽的優(yōu)勢(shì)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（7）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。manage“成功做”；possess“占有”；pose“擺姿勢(shì)”；oppose“反對(duì)”。空格處所在句子的句意參考第36題。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（8）考查固定搭配。inthesearchof是固定搭配，“在尋找······的過(guò)程中”。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（9）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。generate“生成，產(chǎn)生”；progress“進(jìn)展，進(jìn)步”；develop“形成，獲得”；advance“前進(jìn)，發(fā)展”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐窃谏娓?jìng)爭(zhēng)中類人猿逐步形成了有效的、草地動(dòng)物不具有的立體視覺(jué)和顏色辨色能力。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（10）考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是efficientstereoscopicvisionandasenseofcolor，先行詞有兩個(gè)，所以只能用that。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（11）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。urge“催促”；permit“允許”；ban“禁止”；cause“引起”。空格處前面theabilitytoseeclearlyatcloserange“能夠近距離看到目標(biāo)的能力”這個(gè)能力為它們研究實(shí)際問(wèn)題提供條件，即“允許”它們?nèi)パ芯繉?shí)際問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（12）考查固定搭配。beyondthereachof“在······范圍之外”。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（13）考查副詞詞義辨析。quite是程度副詞，可以用在限定詞another前面，而另外三個(gè)副詞則不可以。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（14）考查從句引導(dǎo)詞。本句是由so引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)從句，句子缺少一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞，該引導(dǎo)詞充當(dāng)theyhadtodo的賓語(yǔ)，all符合題意。

（15）考查形容詞詞義辨析。available“可得到的；可用的”；enough“足夠的”；sufficient“充足的”；convenient意為“方便的”?？崭裉幘渥铀诘木湟馐牵喝欢?，在空曠的野外，這種方法是行不通的。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（16）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。choose“選擇，挑選”；adopt“采用；采納”；accept“接受”；take“實(shí)施；采取”。空格處所在句子的句意是：類人猿采用了唯一可行的方法。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（17）考查形容詞詞義辨析。valuable“有價(jià)值的”；acceptable“可接受的，合意的”；possible“可能的”；able“能夠的”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟馐牵核鼈兊暮笾M可能高地抬起，開(kāi)始直立行走。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（18）考查前后邏輯。however“然而”；therefore“因此”；meanwhile“同時(shí)”；subsequently“隨后”?？崭裉幩诰渥优c前面的句子提到直立行走使得類人猿站不穩(wěn)，并且跟其他動(dòng)物相比本來(lái)速度就慢了，現(xiàn)在變得更慢了（Itwasextremelyunstableanditmeantthatthealreadyslowape-manbecameslowerstill）?？崭裉幒竺嫣岬筋惾嗽忱^續(xù)堅(jiān)持并且使得骨頭結(jié)構(gòu)開(kāi)始逐漸變化，可以看出前后存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以however符合題意。

（19）考查形容詞詞義辨析。besuitedtosth.“適合······的”；beaccustomedto“習(xí)慣于”；befamiliarizedwith“與······相熟”；adapttosth.“適應(yīng)”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥木湟馐牵核鼈兊墓趋罎u漸適應(yīng)了這種新的行走方式。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（20）考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。obtain“獲得”；call“叫”；deserve“值得”；earn“賺得，贏得”?？崭裉幩诰渥犹岬接捎陬惾嗽车墓趋乐饾u適應(yīng)了直立行走，因此贏得了“直立人”的稱號(hào)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.單選題

Withaneighty-hourweekandlittleenjoyment,lifemusthavebeenvery____forthenineteenth-centuryfactoryworkers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hostile

B.anxious

C.tedious

D.obscure

【答案】C

【解析】考查上下文語(yǔ)義。A選項(xiàng)hostile“敵對(duì)的；懷有敵意的”；B選項(xiàng)anxious“焦慮的；急切的”；C選項(xiàng)tedious“沉悶的，無(wú)聊的”；D選項(xiàng)obscure“模糊的，不清楚的”。句意：對(duì)于19世紀(jì)工廠的工人來(lái)說(shuō)，每周工作80個(gè)小時(shí)，沒(méi)有什么樂(lè)趣，這種生活一定很____。從沒(méi)有l(wèi)ittleenjoyment“沒(méi)什么樂(lè)趣”可以看出，這種生活很無(wú)聊，C選項(xiàng)最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

6.單選題

ThehospitaldeniesthereisanyconnectionbetweenthedisciplinaryactionandDr.Reid's()abouthealthproblems.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.allegiance

B.alliance

C.allegations

D.alliteration

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。allegiance“效忠；忠貞”；alliance“聯(lián)盟”；allegations“主張”；alliteration“頭韻”。句意：醫(yī)院否認(rèn)紀(jì)律處分和里德醫(yī)生關(guān)于健康問(wèn)題的主張有任何聯(lián)系。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.單選題

Her30-yearstudyoftheGombeNationalParkchimpanzeesisthelargestcontinuousfieldprojecteverrecorded.Ithasmadeher—andthechimpanzees—aliving______,earningherhonorarydegrees,doctoratesandwildlifeconservationawardsallovertheworld.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.legend

B.specimen

C.maximum

D.document

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)legend“傳奇”；B選項(xiàng)specimen“樣本”；C選項(xiàng)maximum“最大限度”；D選項(xiàng)document“文件”。句意：她花了30年研究貢貝國(guó)家公園里的黑猩猩，是有記錄以來(lái)規(guī)模最大的連續(xù)野外研究項(xiàng)目。這讓她和黑猩猩們成為活生生的______，并獲得了世界各地的榮譽(yù)學(xué)位、博士學(xué)位和野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)獎(jiǎng)。這個(gè)項(xiàng)目是有記錄以來(lái)規(guī)模最大的連續(xù)野外研究項(xiàng)目，超出了人們的想象，A選項(xiàng)legend“傳奇”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Forhundredsofmillionsofyears,turtleshavestruggledoutoftheseatolaytheireggsonsandybeaches,longbeforetherewerenaturedocumentariestocelebratethem,orGPSsatellitesandmarinebiologiststotrackthem,orvolunteerstohand-carrythehatchlingsdowntothewater’sedgelesttheybecomedisorientedbyheadlightsandcrawltowardsamotelparkinglotinstead.AformidablewallofbureaucracyhasbeenerectedtoprotecttheirprimenestingontheAtlanticcoastlines.Withallthatattentionpaidtothem,you’dthinkthesecreatureswouldatleasthavethegratitudenottogoextinct.

ButNatureisindifferenttohumannotionsoffairness,andareportbytheFishandWildlifeServiceshowedaworrisomedropinthepopulationsofseveralspeciesofNorthAtlanticturtles,notablyloggerheads,whichcangrowtoasmuchas400pounds.TheSouthFloridanestingpopulation,thelargest,hasdeclinedby50%inthelastdecade,accordingtoElizabethGriffin,amarinebiologistwiththeenvironmentalgroupOceana.ThefigurespromptedOceanatopetitionthegovernmenttoupgradethelevelofprotectionfortheNorthAtlanticloggerheadsfrom“threatened”to“endangered”—meaningtheyareindangerofdisappearingwithoutadditionalhelp.

Whichraisestheobviousquestion:whatelsedotheseturtleswantfromus,anyway?Itturnsout,accordingtoGriffin,thatwhilewehavedoneagoodjobofprotectingtheturtlesfortheweekstheyspendland(asegg-layingfemales,aseggsandashatchlings),wehaveneglectedtheyearsspendinocean.“Thethreatisfromcommercialfishing,”saysGriffin.Trawlers(whichdraglargenetsthroughthewaterandalongtheoceanfloor)andlonglinefishers(whichcandeploythousandsofhooksonlinesthatcanstretchformiles)takeaheavytollonturtles.

Ofcourse,likeeveryotherenvironmentalissuetoday,thisisplayingoutagainstthebackgroundofglobalwarmingandhumaninterferencewithnaturalecosystems.Thenarrowstripsofbeachonwhichtheturtleslaytheireggsarebeingsqueezedononesidebydevelopmentandontheotherbythreatofrisinglevelsastheoceanswarm.Ultimatelywemustgetahandleonthoseissuesaswell,oracreaturethatoutlivedthedinosaurswillmeetitsendatthehandsofhumans,leavingourdescendantstowonderhowcreaturesouglycouldhavewonsomuchaffection.

1.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat________.

2.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“Natureisindifferenttohumannotionsoffairness”(Line1,Para.2)?

3.WhatconstitutesamajorthreattothesurvivalofturtlesaccordingtoElizabethGriffin?

4.Howdoesglobalwarmingaffectthesurvivalofturtles?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.governmentbureaucracyhascontributedtoturtles’extinction

B.humanactivitieshavechangedthewayturtlessurvive.

C.marinebiologistsarelookingforthesecretofturtles’reproduction

D.effortshavebeenmadetoprotectturtlesfromdyingout

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thecourseofnaturewillnotbechangedbyhumaninterference.

B.Natureisquitefairregardingthesurvivalofturtles.

C.Theturtlepopulationhaddecreasedinspiteofhumanprotection.

D.Turtlesarebynatureindifferenttohumanactivities.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theirlowerreproductivelyability.

B.Theirinadequatefoodsupply.

C.Contaminationofseawater

D.Unregulatedcommercialfishing.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Therisingsealevelsmakeitharderfortheirhatchlingstogrow.

B.Itthreatensthesandybeachesonwhichtheylayeggs.

C.Ittakesthemlongertoa