2020年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)考試綜合類(lèi)經(jīng)典閱讀練習(xí)題10

2020年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)考試綜合類(lèi)經(jīng)典閱讀練習(xí)題10CharacteristicsofPublicityPublicityoffersseveralbenefits.Therearenotcostsformessagetimeorspace.Anadinprime-timetelevisionmaycost$250，000to$5000，000ormoreperminute,whereasafive-minutereportonanetworknewscastwouldnotcostanything.However,therearecostsfornewsreleases,apublicitydepartment,andotheritems.Aswithadvertising,publicityreachesamassaudience.Withinashorttime,newproductsorcompanypoliciesarewidelyknown.Credibilityaboutmessagesishigh,becausetheyarereportedinindependentmedia.Anewspaperreviewofamoviehasmorebelievabilitythananadinthesamepaper,becausethereaderassociatesindependencewithobjectivity.Similarly,peoplearemorelikelytopayattentiontonewsreportsthantoads.Forexample,Women'sWearDailyhasbothfashionreportsandadvertisements.Readersspendtimereadingthestories,buttheyflipthroughtheads.Furthermore,theremaybe10commercialsduringahalfhourtelevisionprogramorhundredsofadsinamagazine.Featurestoriesaremuchfewerinnumberandstandoutclearly.Publicityalsohassomesignificantlimitations.Afirmhaslittlecontrolovermessages,theirtiming,theirplacement,ortheircoveragebyagivenmedium.Itmayissuedetailednewsreleasesandfindonlyportionscitedbythemedia,andmediahavetheabilitytobemuchmorecriticalthanacompanywouldlike.Forexample,in1982,Procter&Gamblefacedasubstantialpublicityproblemoverthemeaningofits123-year-oldcompanylogo.Afewministersandotherprivatecitizensbelievedresultedinthefirmreceiving15，000phonecallsabouttherumorinJunealone.Tocombatthisnegativepublicity,thefirmissuednewsreleasesfeaturingprominentclergythatrefutedtherumors,threatenedtosuethosepeoplespreadingthestories,andhadaspokespersonappearonGoodMorningAmerica.Themediacooperatedwiththecompanyandthefalserumorsweretemporarilyputtorest.However,in1985,negativepublicitybecamesodisruptivethatProcter&Gambledecidedtoremovethelogofromits-products.Afirmmaywantpublicityduringcertainperiods,suchaswhenanewproductisintroducedornewstoreopened,butthemediamaynotcovertheintroductionoropeninguntilafterthetimeitwouldaidthefirm.Similarly,mediadeterminetheplacementofastory；itmayfollowareportoncrimeorsports.Finally,themediaascertainwhethertocoverastoryatallandtheamountofcoveragetobedevotedtoit.Acompany-sponsoredfobsprogrammightgounreportedorreceivethree-sentencecoverageinalocalnewspaper.練習(xí)：TheauthormentionsallofthefollowingadvantagesofpublicityexceptHavingnotimecosts.Havingattentiveness.Havinghighcredibility.Havinghighprofitability.thesecondparagraphindicatesthatpeoplearemorelikelytobelievestoriesinanewspaperthaninawomen'sdaily.Inanewspaperthaninamagazine.Inanindependentnewspaperthaninadependentnewspaper.Inamagazinethaninalocalnewspaper.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue？Afirmcancontrolandtimepublicityaccurately.Afirmcanneithercontrolnortimepublicityaccurately.Afirmcaneithercontrolortimepublicityaccurately.Inmostcasesafirmcancontrolandtimepublicityaccurately.TheexampleinParagr