Unit4詞匯與語法復習講義-人教版英語八年級下冊

Unit4詞匯與語法復習詞匯精講allow作動詞，意為“允許”。用法如下：allowdoingsth.允許做某事 allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事sb.beallowedtodosth.某人被允許做某事【活學活用】根據(jù)句意，用所給詞的適當形式填空。Hisparentswon’tallowhim_____________(stay)outlate.Boysandgirls,rememberthatwedon’tallow_____________(eat)intheclassrooms.Ithinkteenagersshould___________________(allow)choosetheirownclothes.getonwithgeton/along相處，進展 getonwithsb.與某人和睦相處/關系良好getonwell/badlywithsth.某事進展順利/不好【拓展】與get相關的詞組geton_____________ getoff_____________ getover_____________getreadyfor_____________ getsunburned____________ getto_____________【活學活用】根據(jù)句意，用適當?shù)慕樵~填空。Youshouldtrytoget____________theproblemyoumeet.Theoldmangot____________thebusslowly.He_______________________________________(與...相處得好)hisclassmates.argue作動詞，意為“爭論，爭吵”。常用短語為：arguewithsb.aboutsth.關于某事與某人爭吵arguefor/againststh.為贊成/反對某事而辯論【詞匯拓展】n.argument爭論；辯論；論點haveanargumentwithsb.aboutsth.因某事與某人爭論【拓展】argue與discuss的辨析：argue著重于自己的看法、立場，提出論據(jù)，以理說服他人 Thereisnoneedarguingaboutthematter.discuss重在交換意見，進行討論，不含有說服對方的成分We’regoingtodiscussthequestion.insteadinstead副詞，意為“代替，而不是”，常放在句首或句尾，放句用逗號與后面隔開。Hedidn’tgotoschool.Instead,hewenttothecinema.insteadof介詞短語，意為“代替，而不是”，后跟與前面并列成分相應的名詞、代詞、動詞-ing形式。Hewenttothecinemainsteadofgoingtoschool.【活學活用】根據(jù)句意，用instead＆insteadof填空。Ifyouhavenocream,youcanusemilk____________.____________goingout,heinvitedhisfriendstohishome.explain動詞，意為“解釋，說明，闡明”。其用法如下：explainsth.tosb.向某人解釋某事Pleaseexplainthatruletome.explain(tosb.)+疑問詞+從句向某人解釋……Pleaseexplaintomewhatthismeans.explain+that從句解釋…… Heexplainedthatwecouldnolongerstay.【注意】explain后面不能接雙賓語，在接間接賓語sb.時，前面應加介詞to，即explainsth.topare作動詞，意為“比較，對照”，comparewith把...和比較(同類相比)Compareyouranswerswiththoseatthebackofthebooktoseeiftheyareright.作動詞，意為“比作”，compareto把...比作(異類相比，比喻)Shakespearecomparedtheworldtoastage.【活學活用】根據(jù)句意，用適當?shù)慕樵~填空。Childrenarealwaysenergeticandhopeful.Weoftencomparethem____________therisingsun.Myhandwritingcannotbecompared____________mygrandfather’s.push作動詞，意為“推動；擠；督促”。例如：【活學活用】寫出下列句子中push的意思。Wehadtopushourwaythroughthecrowd. ( )Shethanksherparentsforpushinghertostudy ( )Theriseininterestrateswillpushpricesup. ( )lookthrough快速查看；瀏覽【拓展】與look相關的詞組lookafter____________ lookaround____________ lookover_____________lookout_____________ lookup_____________ lookinto_____________lookdownupon_____________ lookupto_____________【活學活用】Jenny______hermother.Theybothhavearoundrace. A．looksafter B．looksaround C．looksout D．lookslikeWhenwemeetnewwordswhilereading,wearesupposedtoguessfirstinsteadof____inthedictionaryonebyone. A．lookingoverthem B．lookingforthem C．lookingupthem D．lookingthemupThedoctor________thepatientcarefullytomakesurethathecouldgetwellsoon. A．lookedafter B．lookedaround C．lookedinto D．lookedthroughTherichwoman________theshortpoormananddidn’tfollowhisadvice. A．lookedup B．lookeddownupon C．lookedout D．lookedlikecontinue 動詞，意為“持續(xù)；繼續(xù)存在”，其用法如下：continuetodosth.________________Afterhefinishedreadinganovel,hecontinuedtoplaygamewithhisfriend.continuedoingsth.________________Iwasallowedtocontinueusingthemunicate 動詞，意為“交流；溝通”，其用法如下：communicatewithsb.與某人交流【詞匯拓展】munication交流；溝通municative交際的句式精講Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents？Whydon’tyou+動詞原形+其他？=Whynot+動詞原形+其他？為什么不……？，并不表示疑問，而是作建議、詢問。例如：Whydon’tyougowithus?=Whynotgowithus?為什么不同我們一起去呢？【拓展】whynot用在口語中表示贊同，意為“當然，好啊”。例如：—Let’sgotothemovies.—Whynot?【拓展】提建議的句型You/Wehadbetterdosth.你(們)/我們最好做某事。What/Howabout?怎么樣？Shallwedo?我們做好嗎？Let’sdo?我們做吧。I’mnotgoodatwriting.begoodat____________________ begoodwith_____________________begoodfor____________________ begood/kind/friendlyto_____________________【活學活用】根據(jù)句意，用適當?shù)慕樵~填空。Myfriendisgood___________geography.Sheknowsalotabouttheearth.TheEnglishteacherisverygood________herstudents.Theyalllikeher.Eatingmorevegetablesisgood________yourhealth.Lindaisverygood________oldpeopleandsheoftenvolunteersattheoldpeople’shome.Theyhavequicklydinner,andthenit’stimeforhomework.句型“It’stimeforsth.”意為“到的時候了”。類似句型It’stime(forsb.)todosth.意為“到某人該做某事的時間了”?！净顚W活用】翻譯以下句子。該吃午飯了。________________________________________到了你做家庭作業(yè)的時間了。________________________________________until/sothat/although引導讓步狀語從句Until引導時間狀語從句作連詞，意為“直到……”，后接從句，引導時間狀語從句。until用在肯定句中，多與持續(xù)性的動詞連用。如stand/wait/stay等，表示主句動作的終止時間。例如：Iwillwaithereuntilyoucomeback.until可用于否定句中，即not…until…意為“直到……才”，常與非延續(xù)性動詞連用。如open/start/leave/arrive等，強調主句動作開始的時間。例如：Thechilddidn’tgotobeduntilhisfathercameback.【拓展】until作介詞，后接時間名詞，在句中作時間狀語。Shewaitedthereuntil9o’clock.sothat引導目的狀語從句sothat，作連詞，意為“為的是；以便”，引導目的狀語從句只能放在主句的后面，例如：