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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣西職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買!第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Theideahasreignedforyearsthattheagingbrain’sneuronsdieoffbyasmanyas100,000aday—takingwiththemlife’scherishedmemories.But,infactneuron-biologistssuchasAlanPetersofBostonUniversityhaveshowninrecentstudiesthat,whilebraincellsmayshrinkinoldage,theydon’tdieoffinlargenumbers.

What’smore,sayneuroscientists,it’sprimarilythebrain’s“hardware”—thebillionsoftelephone-line-likeconnectionsandrelayswitcheswhichactasprocessingequipment—thatisvulnerabletowearingoutwithage.Thebrain’s“software”—theactualinformationthatfillsupthemindoveralifetime—doesn’tnecessarilydeteriorate.Ifanything,itcangrowmoresophisticated.So,justasrunningthelatestsoftwareprogramonanoldcomputerwilltakemoretimeandmayinvolvesometrouble,onecarstillpossessafirst-rateintelligencewhilelosingsomecognitivespeedlaterinlife.

Whenmentalabilitiesdopasstheirpeak,memoryisn’tthefirsttogo,Powellandotherssay.It’susuallythebrain’scapacitytomakesenseofspatialrelationships—map-readingorfindingyourcaratthemall—whichmaybegintogetdifficultinyour40s.

Adecadelater,theabstractreasoningrequiredtomakeanalogiesdipsdownward.Nexttodropis“verbalmemoryafterdelay”—rememberingdetailsofastoryafterhavingturnedattentiontoothertasks.Butsomementalskills,suchastheabilitytoconcentrateorcalculatemath,seemtoremainsturdylongintooldage.And“procedural”memory—howtoplaygolforrideabike—isusuallynottouchedbyaging.

Even“common”memoryloss,however,shouldn’tbeconsiderednormal.Itcouldbetreatable.NeurologistsatHarvardarefindingthat,laterinlife,thebrainoftenproduceslessacetylcholine(乙酰膽堿),aneurotransmitterinvolvedinmemory.Tentativeresultssuggestthatdrugscouldmimicthemissingchemical.Atleastadozenothersubstancesarealsobeingstudiedaspotentialmemoryboosters.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whenweareold________.

2.Accordingtotheneuroscientists,theinformationinourmind________.

3.Theneuroscientistscompareourbrainwithcomputertoshowthat________.

4.Accordingtothepassage,atwhatagedoourbrainsworkbest?

5.Whatmighthappenwhenweareinour50s?

6.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ourbrainneuronsdieoffveryquickly

B.ourbrainneuronsdonotdieatall

C.ourbrainneuronsmaybecomesmaller

D.ourbrainneuronstakeawayourcherishedmemories

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.iseasytobelostatoldages

B.doesnotchangeatoldages

C.wearsouteasilywithage

D.canbemorecomplicatedatoldages

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.whenpeoplegetold,theirbrainsworkslowlyasoldmachines

B.humanbeingsareasintelligentascomputers

C.thestructureofourbrainsisverycomplicated

D.agreatdealofinformationcanbestoredinourbrains

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Whenweareyoungerthanthirty.

B.Whenweareaboutforty.

C.Whenweareoverfifty.

D.Whenweareveryold.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Webegintoforgetwherewehaveputourthings.

B.Webegintohavedifficultyinexplainingwhytwothingsarealike.

C.Webegintoforgetthemessagethatwehavebeentold.

D.Webegintoforgethowtooperateamachine.

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.HowToKeepOurMemoriesAtOldAges

B.MemoriesGoesFirstWhenWeAreOld

C.ExploringTheMythOfOurMemory

D.HowToStayMentallyAlert

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

第6題:C

【解析】第1題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段最后一句...whilebraincellsmayshrinkinoldage,theydon’tdieoffinlargenumbers.(……雖然我們的腦細(xì)胞會(huì)在晚年萎縮,但是并不會(huì)出現(xiàn)大量死亡的現(xiàn)象)從這句可知腦細(xì)胞不會(huì)很快速地死亡,也不是不會(huì)死亡只是小范圍地死亡,所以A選項(xiàng)“我們的腦細(xì)胞會(huì)很快的死亡”和B選項(xiàng)“我們的腦細(xì)胞完全不會(huì)死亡”錯(cuò)誤;D選項(xiàng)“我們的腦細(xì)胞帶走珍貴的會(huì)議”不符合邏輯,因?yàn)槭悄X細(xì)胞的死亡才會(huì)造成記憶缺失并不是腦細(xì)胞帶走我們的記憶。萎縮的細(xì)胞會(huì)要比普通細(xì)胞小。所以答案是C選項(xiàng)“我們的腦細(xì)胞可能會(huì)變小”。

第2題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。從題干定位到第二段倒數(shù)第二三句話Thebrain’s“software”—theactualinformationthatfillsupthemindoveralifetime—doesn’tnecessarilydeteriorate.Ifanything,itcangrowmoresophisticated.(大腦的“軟件”——一生中裝滿了大腦的實(shí)際信息——并不一定會(huì)退化。如果要說(shuō)有什么的話,那就是它(腦細(xì)胞)變得更加復(fù)雜了)從這句話可知儲(chǔ)存著大腦信息的“軟件”不會(huì)退化,所以“軟件”里面的信息也不會(huì)輕易丟失,A選項(xiàng)“我們腦海的信息在老年的時(shí)候容易忘記”;B選項(xiàng)“我們腦海的信息在老年的時(shí)候也不會(huì)改變”C選項(xiàng)“我們腦海的信息在老年的時(shí)候容易磨損”錯(cuò)誤;D選項(xiàng)“我們腦海的信息在老年的時(shí)候會(huì)變得復(fù)雜”正確。

第3題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段前面三句話it’sprimarilythebrain’s“hardware”—thebillionsoftelephone-line-likeconnectionsandrelayswitcheswhichactasprocessingequipment—thatisvulnerabletowearingoutwithage.Thebrain’s“software”—theactualinformationthatfillsupthemindoveralifetime—doesn’tnecessarilydeteriorate.Ifanything,itcangrowmoresophisticated.(主要是大腦的“硬件”——數(shù)十億充當(dāng)處理設(shè)備的像電話線一樣的連接和繼電器開(kāi)關(guān)(的細(xì)胞)——很容易隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而磨損。大腦的“軟件”——在一生中裝滿了大腦的實(shí)際信息——并不一定會(huì)退化。如果要說(shuō)有什么的話,那就是它(腦細(xì)胞)變得更加復(fù)雜了。)隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)腦細(xì)胞里儲(chǔ)藏的信息變得復(fù)雜了,但是處理信息的細(xì)胞卻隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)老化,這一現(xiàn)象就很像一臺(tái)舊電腦運(yùn)行著最新的軟件,所以A選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)人們變老之后,我們大腦的工作會(huì)如同一臺(tái)舊電腦般運(yùn)行得緩慢”正確。B選項(xiàng)“人類像電腦一樣聰明”,這個(gè)說(shuō)法不符合我們生活邏輯;C選項(xiàng)“我們大腦結(jié)構(gòu)非常復(fù)雜”和D選項(xiàng)“大量信息可以儲(chǔ)存在我們腦海中”文章沒(méi)有提及。

第4題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段Whenmentalabilitiesdopasstheirpeak,memoryisn’tthefirsttogo,Powellandotherssay.It’susuallythebrain’scapacitytomakesenseofspatialrelationships—map-readingorfindingyourcaratthemall—whichmaybegintogetdifficultinyour40s.(鮑威爾和其他生物學(xué)家說(shuō),當(dāng)腦力達(dá)到頂峰時(shí),記憶力并不是最先消失的。(最先消失的)通常是大腦理解空間關(guān)系的能力——看地圖或在商場(chǎng)里找到你的車——在你40多歲的時(shí)候,這可能開(kāi)始變得困難。)從beginto(開(kāi)始)這個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞可知40歲的時(shí)候,我們的大腦開(kāi)始走下坡路了,所以40歲時(shí),我們大腦就處于巔峰狀態(tài),因而答案選B。

第5題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第四段第二句話Adecadelater,theabstractreasoningrequiredtomakeanalogiesdipsdownward.(十年后,進(jìn)行類比所需要的抽象推理能力下降了。)分析兩件事的異同需要我們的抽象邏輯能力,所以B選項(xiàng)“我們解釋某兩件事的相似之處開(kāi)始變得困難”正確,定位到最后一段第一句話Even“common”memoryloss,however,shouldn’tbeconsiderednormal.Itcouldbetreatable.(然而,即使是“普通的”失憶也不應(yīng)該被視為正常。它是可以治療的。)失憶不是正常現(xiàn)象而且是可以治愈的,而A選項(xiàng)“我們開(kāi)始忘記把東西放哪了”,C選項(xiàng)“我們開(kāi)始忘記別人告訴我們的信息”,D選項(xiàng)“我們開(kāi)始忘記怎么操作機(jī)械了”,這些都是關(guān)于失憶的現(xiàn)象的,所以A,C,D不選。

第6題:主旨大意題。文章全文都是在客觀地描述我們腦細(xì)胞隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)會(huì)出現(xiàn)什么情況,沒(méi)有告訴我們應(yīng)該去什么措施,所以A選項(xiàng)“怎么在老年的時(shí)候保持記憶”,以及D選項(xiàng)“怎樣保持機(jī)警”不選。B選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)我們老了,記憶排在第一位”雖然文中有提及,但是不是主題,而且這句話和文章內(nèi)容相對(duì)的,所以排除。文章內(nèi)容是根據(jù)記憶來(lái)展開(kāi)的,第一段以人們的錯(cuò)覺(jué)開(kāi)頭,然后介紹了生物學(xué)家相關(guān)的實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證腦細(xì)胞和記憶的關(guān)系,然后描述隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng),記憶出現(xiàn)什么樣的情況,所以答案選C選項(xiàng)“探尋我們記憶之謎”。

2.單選題

Lying()farbackinthemountains,thecoalhadtobehauledfromadeepvalley.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.asitis

B.asitdid

C.wasis

D.didit

【答案】B

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句用法。“過(guò)去分詞+asitis(was)”“現(xiàn)在分詞+asitdoes(did)”是一種強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)氣的表示原因的結(jié)構(gòu)。由于lying為lie的現(xiàn)在分詞,故用“現(xiàn)在分詞+asitdoes(did)”這個(gè)句型,此句相當(dāng)于:Asitlayfarbackinthemountains...句意:由于煤礦位于深山深處,所以必須從深谷里運(yùn)來(lái)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Inthe1950s,manypeoplebelievedthatthemoretheyproducedandconsumed,().

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theywerethemoreaffluent

B.themoreaffluenttheywere

C.weretheyaffluent

D.theywereaffluent

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定句型。句意:在20世紀(jì)50年代,許多人認(rèn)為他們生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)的越多,他們就越富裕。themore...,themore...句型表示“越……,就越……”,排除C,D。該句型中主句應(yīng)把被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分themoreaffluent提前,排除A。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Oncealighthouseisbuilt,noshipofanynationalitycanbeeffectively()fromtheutilizationofthelighthousefornavigationalpurposes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.isolated

B.dismissed

C.distracted

D.excluded

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)isolated“孤立”;B選項(xiàng)dismissed“解散”;C選項(xiàng)distracted“分心”;D選項(xiàng)excluded“排除”。句意:燈塔一旦建成,任何國(guó)籍的船舶都可以有效地利用它來(lái)航行。本句表示沒(méi)有船舶會(huì)被排除在外,因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.填空題

Peoplearemostlikelytosaytheyhavebeendreamingiftheyareawakenedduringaperiodofso-calledrapideyemovement,atthistimedistinctivechangesinbrainactivityareobservable.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Dthis改為which

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】從句。

【解題思路】D部分引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,對(duì)rapideyemovement進(jìn)行修飾,D部分在從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ),this不能引導(dǎo)從句,which代表物,可以在這里引導(dǎo)從句。

【句意】如果人們?cè)谒^的眼球快速運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)期醒來(lái),可以觀察到大腦活動(dòng)的顯著變化,那么他們最有可能說(shuō)自己一直在做夢(mèng)。

6.單選題

HamiltonhopedforanationofcitieswhileJeffersoncontentedthatthecountryshouldremainchieflyagricultural.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inclined

B.struggled

C.argued

D.competed

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。漢密爾頓希望建立一個(gè)工業(yè)化國(guó)家,而杰佛遜則認(rèn)為農(nóng)業(yè)是國(guó)之根本。incline傾斜,點(diǎn)頭,易于。struggle奮斗,努力。argue主張,認(rèn)為。compete競(jìng)爭(zhēng),比賽。content贊成。故選C。

7.單選題

Thechildhasagood()memory:shecanrepeatthestorieshermothertellsherexactly.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.convey

B.verbal

C.optimistic

D.authentic

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。convey動(dòng)詞,“傳達(dá),運(yùn)輸”;verbal“口頭的,言語(yǔ)的”;optimistic“樂(lè)觀的”;authentic“真正的”。根據(jù)下文“她能準(zhǔn)確地復(fù)述她母親講給她聽(tīng)的故事”,說(shuō)明孩子的口頭記憶很好,所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

8.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Therearefewhabitsasinfuriatingassomeonemakinguswait.But,despitewhatmayberunningthroughyourmindasyou’rekeptwaitingagain,it’sunlikelyyourfriendsandcolleaguesarejustbeingselfish.Alookintothepsychologyoflatenessoffersaglimpseintoamindthatmaybemalfunctioning.Butthere’salsomorethanonefix.

Perceptionsofunpunctualpeoplearealmostalwaysnegative—evenifmisguided.

“Itiseasytoperceivethemasdisorganised,chaotic,rudeandlackinginconsiderationforothers,”saysHarrietMellotte,acognitivebehaviouraltherapistandaclinicalpsychologistintraininginLondon.“Outsideofmyclinicalpractice,othersbeinglateissomethingthatcanparticularlygetundermyskin!”

But,manylatepeopleareatleastsomewhatorganisedandwanttokeepfriends,familyandbosseshappy.Thepunctually-challengedareoftenexcruciatinglyawareandashamedofthedamagetheirlatenesscoulddototheirrelationships,reputations,careersandfinances.

“Whiletherearethosewhogetachargeoutofkeepingotherswaiting,ifyou’retypical,youdislikebeinglate,”DianaDeLonzorwritesinherbookNeverBeLateAgain.“Yettardinessremainsyournemesis.”

Someexcuses,particularlyforacutelateness,arefairlyuniversallyaccepted—anaccidentorillness,forexample.Butothersaren’tsoeasytoswallow.Somelatepeoplewillpassitoffasasymptomofbeingbig-thinkingandconcernedwithloftiermattersthantime-keeping,asanendearingquirk,amarkofdoingone’sbestworkunderpressure,orhavingthebodyclockofanightowlratherthanalark.

Joanna,ateacherinLondonwhodidn’twanthersurnameused,saysherreputationforbeingunpunctualcansometimesbeattributedtoadifferenceinopinion.“Afriendwillaskmetocomeover,andthey’llsay‘comeanytimefromseven,’”shesays.“ButifIdoturnupateightorlater,they’reannoyed.”

Beingconsistentlylatemightnotbeyourfault.Itcouldbeyourtype.Thepunctually-challengedoftensharepersonalitycharacteristicssuchasoptimism,lowlevelsofself-control,anxiety,orapenchantforthrill-seeking,expertssay.Personalitydifferencescouldalsodictatehowweexperiencethepassingoftime.

48.Theword“infuriating”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans________.

49.WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutunpunctualpeople?

50.AccordingtoHarrietMellotte,unpunctualpeoplewhoarenothispatients________.

51.AccordingtoDianaDeLonzor,unpunctualpeople________.

52.WhichofthefollowingexcusesforbeinglateisLESSacceptable?

53.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofconsistentunpunctuality?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.annoying

B.exciting

C.surprising

D.terrifying

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theyareselfish.

B.Theyareundesirable.

C.Theyareunfriendly.

D.Theysufferfromsomementalillness.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.makehimunderstandthembetter

B.irritatehimverymuch

C.offerhimadifferentperspectiveaboutlateness

D.arelikelytobesuccessfulintheircareers

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.feelashamedofbeinglate

B.findithardtochangetheirhabitofbeinglate

C.maygetpleasurebykeepingotherswait

D.donotexpectotherstobepunctual

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Doingworkmoreefficientlyunderpressure.

B.Claimingoneselftobeamorningperson.

C.Explainingthathe/sheeatsslowly.

D.Havinganaccident.

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.Itisunderstandable.

B.Itistimewasting.

C.Itdamagesfriendship.

D.Itdeservesoursympathy.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:A

【解析】48.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theword“infuriating”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans________.第1段中的“infuriating”一詞很可能是指________。

A.annoyingA.煩人的

B.excitingB.激動(dòng)的

C.surprisingC.令人驚訝的

D.terrifyingD.可怕的

【考查點(diǎn)】詞匯推斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞infuriating可以定位到文章第1段第1句“很少有比有人讓我們等待更infuriating的習(xí)慣了。”,第2句又說(shuō)“你的朋友和同事不太可能只是因?yàn)樽运剑╯elfish)”,由此可知?jiǎng)e人遲到,讓我們一直等待,通常會(huì)讓我們覺(jué)得別人很自私,說(shuō)明這是一種令人惱火的習(xí)慣。因此A選項(xiàng)“煩人的”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“激動(dòng)的”和C選項(xiàng)“令人驚訝的”沒(méi)有文章中體現(xiàn)的消極意義,屬于反向干擾;

D選項(xiàng)“可怕的”程度過(guò)深,屬于推理過(guò)度。

49.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutunpunctualpeople?關(guān)于不守時(shí)的人,以下哪一項(xiàng)不是真的?

A.Theyareselfish.A.他們是自私的。

B.Theyareundesirable.B.他們是不受歡迎的。

C.Theyareunfriendly.C.他們是不友好的。

D.Theysufferfromsomementalillness.D.他們患有某種精神疾病。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞unpunctualpeople可以定位到文章第2段“對(duì)不守時(shí)的人(unpunctualpeople)的看法幾乎總是負(fù)面的(negative)”,說(shuō)明不守時(shí)的人在別人心目中都是負(fù)面的形象,但文章中沒(méi)有提到他們患有精神疾病。因此D選項(xiàng)“他們患有某種精神疾病?!辈环显?。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“他們是自私的?!保晌恼碌?段第2句“你的朋友和同事不太可能只是因?yàn)樽运剑╯elfish)”可知,人們普遍認(rèn)為不守時(shí)的人是自私的,符合原文,排除A,屬于反向干擾;

B選項(xiàng)“他們是不受歡迎的?!保皇貢r(shí)的人在文章中的形容詞“無(wú)組織、混亂、粗魯、不為他人著想”都是貶義的,說(shuō)明他們不受人歡迎,符合原文,排除B,屬于反向干擾;

C選項(xiàng)“他們是不友好的。”,由文章中“粗魯(rude)、不為他人著想(lackinginconsideration)”可知,人們認(rèn)為不守時(shí)的人待人不友好,符合原文,排除C,屬于反向干擾。

50.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

AccordingtoHarrietMellotte,unpunctualpeoplewhoarenothispatients________.根據(jù)哈里特?梅洛特的說(shuō)法,不守時(shí)的人如果不是他的病人,會(huì)________。

A.makehimunderstandthembetterA.使他更了解他們

B.irritatehimverymuchB.讓他非常惱火

C.offerhimadifferentperspectiveaboutlatenessC.為他提供一個(gè)關(guān)于遲到的不同觀點(diǎn)

D.arelikelytobesuccessfulintheircareersD.有可能在事業(yè)上獲得成功

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞HarrietMellotte可以定位到文章第3段第3句“在我的臨床工作之外(Outside),別人遲到會(huì)讓我特別生氣(getundermyskin)”,說(shuō)明哈里特?梅洛特認(rèn)為那些除了他病人之外的不守時(shí)的人,會(huì)讓他非常生氣。因此B選項(xiàng)“讓他非常惱火”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“使他更了解他們”,C選項(xiàng)“為他提供一個(gè)關(guān)于遲到的不同觀點(diǎn)”和D選項(xiàng)“有可能在事業(yè)上獲得成功”在文章中均沒(méi)有提及,屬于無(wú)中生有。

51.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

AccordingtoDianaDeLonzor,unpunctualpeople________.根據(jù)戴安娜?德隆佐的說(shuō)法,不守時(shí)的人________。

A.feelashamedofbeinglateA.為遲到而感到羞恥

B.findithardtochangetheirhabitofbeinglateB.發(fā)現(xiàn)很難改變他們遲到的習(xí)慣

C.maygetpleasurebykeepingotherswaitC.可能通過(guò)讓別人等待而獲得快樂(lè)

D.donotexpectotherstobepunctualD.不期望別人守時(shí)

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞DianaDeLonzor可以定位到文章第5段第1、2句“戴安娜?德隆佐在她的書《永不遲到》中寫道:‘雖然有些人從讓別人等待中得到好處,但如果你是典型的這種人,你不會(huì)喜歡遲到。’‘然而,遲到仍然是你的宿敵?!?,說(shuō)明戴安娜?德隆佐認(rèn)為不守時(shí)的人很難改變自己遲到的習(xí)慣。因此B選項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)很難改變他們遲到的習(xí)慣”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“為遲到而感到羞恥”出現(xiàn)在上一段,不是戴安娜?德隆佐的觀點(diǎn),屬于張冠李戴;

C選項(xiàng)“可能通過(guò)讓別人等待而獲得快樂(lè)”,文章中提到有些人從讓別人等待中得到好處,并不代表他們從中能獲得快樂(lè),典型的這類人不會(huì)喜歡遲到,屬于曲解原文;

D選項(xiàng)“不期望別人守時(shí)”在文章中沒(méi)有提及,屬于無(wú)中生有。

52.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhichofthefollowingexcusesforbeinglateisLESSacceptable?以下哪種為遲到找的借口是較難接受的?

A.Doingworkmoreefficientlyunderpressure.A.在壓力下做工作更有效率。

B.Claimingoneselftobeamorningperson.B.聲稱自己是個(gè)早起的人。

C.Explainingthathe/sheeatsslowly.C.解釋他/她吃得很慢。

D.Havinganaccident.D.發(fā)生意外。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞excuses可以定位到文章第6段,本段第2、3句說(shuō)到“但其他的就沒(méi)那么容易消化了(aren’tsoeasytoswallow)。有些人會(huì)把遲到當(dāng)作格局宏大(big-thinking)、關(guān)心比守時(shí)更高深的事情的表現(xiàn),有些人把遲到當(dāng)作一種可愛(ài)的怪癖(anendearingquirk),還有一些人則把遲到看作壓力之下才能把事情做得更好的標(biāo)志(amarkofdoingone’sbestworkunderpressure),或者自認(rèn)為是夜貓子型生物鐘,而非百靈鳥(niǎo)型(havingthebodyclockofanightowlratherthanalark)。”,由此可知聲稱自己在壓力之下才能把更好地工作這一借口是不太容易讓人接受的。因此A選項(xiàng)“在壓力下做工作更有效率?!闭_。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“聲稱自己是個(gè)早起的人?!焙虲選項(xiàng)“解釋他/她吃得很慢?!痹谖恼轮袥](méi)有提及,屬于無(wú)中生有;

D選項(xiàng)“發(fā)生意外?!保傻?段第1句“有些借口,尤其是對(duì)于嚴(yán)重遲到的借口,是相當(dāng)普遍令人接受的,比如意外(accident)或疾病?!笨芍l(fā)生意外是能夠輕松讓人接受的借口,屬于反向干擾。

53.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whatdoestheauthorthinkofconsistentunpunctuality?作者如何看待習(xí)慣性遲到?

A.Itisunderstandable.A.它是可以理解的。

B.Itistimewasting.B.它是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的。

C.Itdamagesfriendship.C.它損害了友誼。

D.Itdeservesoursympathy.D.它值得我們同情。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞consistentunpunctuality可以定位到文章最后1段第1句“經(jīng)常遲到(consistentlylate)可能不是你的錯(cuò)。你可能就是這種類型的人(yourtype)。”,說(shuō)明作者認(rèn)為習(xí)慣性遲到是可以理解的,因?yàn)槿说男愿裉卣髦g存在差異。因此A選項(xiàng)“它是可以理解的?!闭_。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“它是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的?!?,C選項(xiàng)“它損害了友誼?!焙虳選項(xiàng)“它值得我們同情?!痹谖恼轮芯鶝](méi)有提及,屬于無(wú)中生有。

9.單選題

Wecanallowa0.5%discountonallordersof$1000;orders___$2000aresubjecttoa2%

discount.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exceeding

B.reducing

C.proceeding

D.promoting

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.exceeding超過(guò)(數(shù)量)B.reducing減少

C.proceeding開(kāi)始;繼續(xù)做D.promoting促進(jìn);提升

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意:對(duì)所有1000美元的訂單,我們可以給0.5%的折扣。分號(hào)后面的折扣更大,應(yīng)該指如果是更多美元的訂單,我們給出的折扣更多。應(yīng)該選A.exceeding超過(guò),表示更多。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均無(wú)法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】所有1000美元的訂單,我們可以給0.5%的折扣。超過(guò)2000美元的訂單須加2%的折扣。

10.單選題

Rao’s,thelegendaryeastHarlemItalianeatery,ismorethanahundredblocksabovetheWallStreet.ButwithaclientelethatincludessomeofthecorporateAmerica’sleadinglights,bigbusinessisneverfaraway.ConsiderthetablehostedonenightlastyearbyRao’sregular,Richard(Bo)Dietl—hewasjoinedbyGeneralElectric’sCEO,JeffreyImmelt,NBCchairmanBobWrightandLaw&OrdercreatorDickWolf.WolfwasjustenteringnegotiationsforanewcontractforLaw&OrdertokeeprunningonGE-ownedNBC.Noonesignedanycontractsorhaggledoverfiguresthatnight.Butnotlongafter,NBCannounceditwouldbroadcastLaw&Orderthrough2008.WolfsaysnowthatDietl’sdinneratRao’swaskeytosmoothingoutthenegotiations:“Itwasenormouslyhelpfulforhimtogetusalltogetherinthatsetting.”

Withhisjust-publishedbook,BusinessLunchatations,Dietlhopestolaunchhimselfastheauthorityonhoweveryonecansharpenhisnetworkingsocialskills.

Inhis$7,000Italiansuits,Dietltellstalesofhisadventureswiththerichandfamous;golfingwithformerGEchairmanJackWelch,fly-fishingwithformerPepsiCochairmanRogerEnrico,diningadeuxwithViacom’sSumnerRedstoneorcomparingnotesonprivatejetswithhispalDonaldTrump.Dietlsayshe’searnedthesemen’strustbymakingitclearhewantsnothingmorethantoshowthemagoodtimeandshareagoodlaugh.“Youdon’tdothisthinking,oh,whatbusinesscanIgetoutofthem?”hesays.“Youdoitforsheerfriendship.Andthenthegoodthingsjustcomeout.”Corporatebossessaytheyappreciatethesell.“Bo’saguyyouwanttodoafavorfor,”saysWelch,“becauseyouknowhe’lldoafavorforyou.”

Inhisbook,ofcourse,Dietlurgesreaderstodomorethanjustbenicetostrangersandwaitforgoodkarma.Networkingtipsrangefromhowtolistenandaskquestionsinconversationswithstrangers—eyecontact,uprightpostureandclarifyingquestionsaremusts—topracticalpointerslike“keepgoingbacktothebuffet”(toincreasethenumberofcontactsatacrowdedevent)and“wearanoriginalaccessory”(toensurestickingoutinanewacquaintance’smind).Still,Dietlsaysthemostcommonlymissedsecretofnetworkingisstartingwiththehumantouch.“Ifthere’sgoingtobebusiness,possiblytherecouldbebusiness,”hesays.“Butit’sgottastartoutfromthefriendshipside.”

26.WolfhascometobelievethatthereasonLaw&Orderwasextendedto2008was________.

27.ByreferringtoDietl’sbook,theauthorintendstoshow________.

28.Itisimpliedthatyoucanimproveyournetworkingskillsby________.

29.Dietlconcludesthatthemostimportantthingtodoisto________.

30.Thebesttitleforthistextmightbe________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theItalianfood

B.theydidn’thavetogofarfromWallstreettogettoRao’s

C.theydidn’thaggleoverdinner

D.Dietl’sget-together

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Bo’sintelligences

B.Richard’scharm

C.Mr.Dietl’sfame

D.Mr.Dietl’sauthority

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.havingadventureswiththerichandfamous

B.wearingexpensivesuits

C.doingfavorsandlaughing

D.beingfriendly

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.keepgoingbacktothebuffet

B.beginwithfriendship

C.touchpeople

D.keepintouchwithcontacts

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.AdventureswiththeRichandFamous

B.FavorsReceived

C.MeetMeforLunchatation

D.GoodTimesandLaughter

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】26.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句WolfsaysnowthatDietl’sdinneratRao’swaskeytosmoothingoutthenegotiations:“Itwasenormouslyhelpfulforhimtogetusalltogetherinthatsetting.”(沃爾夫說(shuō),現(xiàn)在迪特爾在拉奧餐廳的晚餐是促成談判順利進(jìn)行的關(guān)鍵:“他把我們所有人聚在一起,這對(duì)他非常有幫助。”),所以D選項(xiàng)“迪特爾的聚會(huì)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“意大利菜”,B選項(xiàng)“他們不需要從華爾街走很遠(yuǎn)就能到餐廳”和C選項(xiàng)“他們吃飯時(shí)沒(méi)有討價(jià)還價(jià)”與題目沒(méi)有直接關(guān)系,故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

27.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Withhisjust-publishedbook,BusinessLunchatations,Dietlhopestolaunchhimselfastheauthorityonhoweveryonecansharpenhisnetworkingsocialskills.(迪特爾剛剛出版《商務(wù)午餐》這本書,希望成為教人提高人際交往技巧的權(quán)威。),作者通過(guò)出版的書想要表達(dá)迪特爾的權(quán)威性,所以D選項(xiàng)“迪特爾的權(quán)威”正確,突出迪特爾的權(quán)威是為了讓讀者信服他的社交技巧,名望在這里沒(méi)有太大用處,也不是重點(diǎn),故C選項(xiàng)“迪特爾的名望”錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“鮑勃的智慧”和B選項(xiàng)“理查德的魅力”:不是表達(dá)的重點(diǎn),故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

28.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句Dietlsayshe’searnedthesemen’strustbymakingitclearhewantsnothingmorethantoshowthemagoodtimeandshareagoodlaugh.(迪特爾表示,他已經(jīng)贏得了這些男人的信任,因?yàn)樗鞔_表示,他只是想和他們共度一段美好時(shí)光,與他們一起開(kāi)懷大笑。)和最后一句“Bo’saguyyouwanttodoafavorfor,”saysWelch,“becauseyouknowhe’lldoafavorforyou.”(韋爾奇說(shuō):“鮑勃是你想幫的人,因?yàn)槟阒浪麜?huì)幫你?!保芍梢酝ㄟ^(guò)讓別人愉快和幫助別人提高社交技能,所以C選項(xiàng)“樂(lè)于助人,帶來(lái)歡笑”正確;只有D選項(xiàng)“友好”還不夠,故錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“與富人和名人一起冒險(xiǎn)”和B選項(xiàng)“穿名貴的衣服”,根據(jù)第三段:Inhis$7,000Italiansuits,Dietltellstalesofhisadventureswiththerichandfamous(迪特爾穿著價(jià)值7000美元的意大利西裝,講述著他與富人和名人的冒險(xiǎn)故事),這里講的迪特爾書中的內(nèi)容,并不是社交技巧,故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

29.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第三句Dietlsaysthemostcommonlymissedsecretofnetworkingisstartingwiththehumantouch.(迪特爾說(shuō),最常被忽視的秘訣是人與人之間的人際交往從接觸開(kāi)始。),可知人際交往中最重要的是C選項(xiàng)“與人接觸”,而不是D選項(xiàng)“保持聯(lián)系”。B選項(xiàng)“建立友誼”:根據(jù)第三段第四句Youdoitforsheerfriendship.Andthenthegoodthingsjustcomeout.(你這么做純粹是為了友誼。然后好事就會(huì)出現(xiàn)。),建立友誼有幫助,沒(méi)有說(shuō)到這是最重要的,故錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“繼續(xù)去吃自助餐”:根據(jù)第四段第二句topracticalpointerslike“keepgoingbacktothebuffet”(toincreasethenumberofcontactsatacrowdedevent)(還有一些實(shí)用的技巧,比如“繼續(xù)去吃自助餐”,在擁擠的場(chǎng)合增加聯(lián)系人的數(shù)量),吃自助餐沒(méi)有說(shuō)是最重要的,故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

30.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。本文講述社交技巧,通過(guò)營(yíng)造愉快的氛圍從而促成情感信任,所以D選項(xiàng)“美好時(shí)光和歡樂(lè)笑聲”正確。A選項(xiàng)“與富人和名人的冒險(xiǎn)”,B選項(xiàng)“接受的幫助”和C選項(xiàng)“午餐的相遇”是文章的部分內(nèi)容,不足以概括全文,故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Plantsraisedingreenhousesaretendedmethodicallyinanattempttocreatethebestpossibleconditionsfortheirgrowth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.systematically

B.naturally

C.personally

D.lovingly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。methodically表示“有方法地,有系統(tǒng)地”;A項(xiàng)systematically“系統(tǒng)地”,B項(xiàng)naturally“自然地”,C項(xiàng)personally“個(gè)人地”,D項(xiàng)lovingly“親切地,鐘愛(ài)地”。句意:在溫室里培育的植物受到系統(tǒng)地照料,盡可能為它們的生長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)造最好的可能條件。根據(jù)句意該題選A。

12.單選題

Thebadanddampweatherinthehotareawouldenabletheplantstoget()quickly.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.decomposed

B.denounced

C.detached

D.deduced

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。decomposed已分解的,已腐爛的;denounced公開(kāi)指責(zé)的,公然抨擊

的;detached分開(kāi)的,分離的;deduced推論的,演繹的。根據(jù)句中badanddampweather(惡劣潮濕的天氣),

theplants與decomposed搭配合理表示“濕熱天氣使植物很快腐爛”。

13.單選題

ProfessorTaylor’stalkhasindicatedthatsciencehasaverystrong()ontheeverydaylifeofnon-scientistsaswellasscientists.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.motivation

B.perspective

C.impression

D.impact

【答案】D

【解析】句意:泰勒教授的報(bào)告表明,科學(xué)已經(jīng)對(duì)非科學(xué)家和科學(xué)家的日常生活產(chǎn)生了強(qiáng)大的影響。

考查固定搭配。haveimpactonsth.對(duì)…產(chǎn)生影響。

14.單選題

Ⅹ.(IntellectualProperties)

Incaseswhereanominativefairusedefenseisraised,weaskwhether(1)theproductwas“readilyidentifiable”withoutuseofthemark;(2)defendantusedmoreofthemarkthannecessary;or(3)defendantfalselysuggestedhewassponsoredorendorsedbythetrademarkholder.Thistest“evaluatesthelikelihoodofconfusioninnominativeusecases”.It’sdesignedtoaddresstheriskthatnominativeuseofthemarkwillinspireamistakenbeliefonthepartofconsumersthatthespeakerissponsoredorendorsedbythetrademarkholder.Thethirdfactorspeaksdirectlytotheriskofsuchconfusion,andtheothersdosoindirectly:Consumersmayreasonablyinfersponsorshiporendorsementifacompanyusesanunnecessarytrademarkor“more”ofamarkthannecessary.ButifthenominativeusesatisfiesthethreefactorNewKidstest,itdoesn’tinfringe.IfthenominativeusedoesnotsatisfyalltheNewKidsfactors,thedistrictcourtmayorderdefendantstomodifytheiruseofthemarksothatallthreefactorsaresatisfied;itmaynotenjoinnominativeuseofthemarkaltogether.ThedistrictcourtenjoinedtheTabarisfromusing“anyTTTdomainname,servicemark,trademark,tradename,metatagorothercommercialindicationoforiginthatincludesthemarkLEXUS.”Atrademarkinjunction,particularlyoneinvolvingnominativefairuse,canraiseseriousFirstAmendmentconcernsbecauseitcaninterferewithtruthfulcommunicationbetweenbuyersandsellersinthemarketplace.Accordingly,“wemustensurethattheinjunctionistailoredtoeliminateonlythespecificharmalleged.”Toupholdthebroadinjunctionenteredinthiscase,wewouldhavetobeconvincedthatconsumersarelikelytobelieveasiteissponsoredorendorsedbyatrademarkholderwheneverthedomainnamecontainsthestringoflettersthatmakeupthetrademark.Inperformingthisanalysis,ourfocusmustbeonthe“‘reasonablyprudentconsumer’inthemarketplace”.Therelevantmarketplaceistheonlinemarketplace,andtherelevantconsumerisareasonablyprudentconsumeraccustomedtoshoppingonline;thekindofconsumerwhoislikelytovisittheTabaris’websitewhenshoppingforanexpensiveproductlikealuxurycar.Unreasonable,imprudentandinexperiencedwebshoppersarenotrelevant.Theinjunctionhereisplainlyoverbroad—asevenToyota’scounselgrudginglyconcededatoralargument—becauseitprohibitsdomainnamesthatontheirfacedispelanyconfusionastosponsorshiporendorsement.

87.The3factortestfornominativefairuseisNOTdesignedto___.

88.Consumersmayreasonablyinfersponsorshiporendorsementbecause___.

89.Fromtheunderlinedsentence,onecaninferthat___.

90.WhichofthefollowingisNOTnecessaryforthecourttoupholdthebroadinjunctionmadebythelowercourt?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.preventamistakenbeliefthattheuseisendorsedbythetrademarkholder

B.resolvethelikelihoodofconfusioninnominativeuse

C.dealwiththemistakenbeliefbytheconsumers

D.addresstheriskofnominativeuse

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.itisnotnecessaryforacompanytouseatrademark

B.acompanymayusemoremarksthannecessary

C.ofacompany’suseofanunnecessarytrademark

D.itisnecessaryforacompanytouseatrademark

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theFirstAmendmentconcernswithfreedomofspeech

B.atrademarkinjunctioncaninterferewithtruthfulcommunication

C.atrademarkinjunctionalwaysinvolvesnominativefairuse

D.buyersandsellersareinthemarketplace

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Therelevantmarketplaceistheonlinemarketplace.

B.Theunreasonable,imprudentandinexperiencedwebshoppers

C.Theprudentconsumeraccustomedtoshoppingonline

D.ThekindofconsumerwhoislikelytovisittheTabaris’website

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:B

【解析】87.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文Thistest“evaluatesthelikelihoodofconfusioninnominativeusecases”.It’sdesignedtoaddresstheriskthatnominativeuseofthemarkwillinspireamistakenbeliefonthepartofconsumersthatthespeakerissponsoredorendorsedbythetrademarkholder.(這個(gè)測(cè)試“評(píng)估指稱性使用例中混淆的可能性”。它的目的是解決這樣一種風(fēng)險(xiǎn),即商標(biāo)的提名使用會(huì)讓消費(fèi)者誤以為說(shuō)話者是由商標(biāo)持有人贊助或支持的)可知C選項(xiàng)“處理消費(fèi)者的錯(cuò)誤信念”并不是命名的合理使用的三因素測(cè)試設(shè)計(jì)的目的;A選項(xiàng)“防止錯(cuò)誤地認(rèn)為使用是由商標(biāo)持有人支持的”,B選項(xiàng)“解決指稱性使用混淆的可能性”以及D選項(xiàng)“解決指稱性使用的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”是其測(cè)試涉及的目的。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

88.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文Thethirdfactorspeaksdirectlytotheriskofsuchconfusion,andtheothersdosoindirectly:Consumersmayreasonablyinfersponsorshiporendorsementifacompanyusesanunnecessarytrademarkor“more”ofamarkthannecessary.(第三個(gè)因素直接說(shuō)明了這種混淆的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),而其他因素則間接說(shuō)明了這一點(diǎn):如果一家公司使用了不必要的商標(biāo)或比必要的商標(biāo)“更多”,消費(fèi)者可能會(huì)合理地推斷出贊助或支持)可

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