考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣州城建職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣州城建職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thereareseveralpossibleexplanationsforthegreaterjob_______inJapanincontrasttothegreatjobmobilityintheUnitedStates.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sensitivity

B.creativity

C.stability

D.security

【答案】C

【解析】sensitivity敏感性;creativity創(chuàng)造性;stability穩(wěn)定性;security安全性。句意：與美國(guó)巨大的工作流動(dòng)性相比,日本的工作穩(wěn)定性更強(qiáng)有幾種可能的解釋。mobility的反義詞為stability,所以本題選C。

2.單選題

Hisexpenditureonholidaysandluxuriesisratherhighin（）tohisincome.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.proportion

B.proposition

C.proposal

D.proponent

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。inproportionto“與……比較起來(lái)”。句意：同他的收入相比較，他在度假和奢侈品上的花費(fèi)太高了。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)義，A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Nancy’sgonetoworkbuthercar’sstillthere,she（）bybus.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.musthavegone

B.shouldhavegone

C.oughttohavegone

D.couldhavegone

【答案】A

【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。A選項(xiàng)musthavegone表示肯定的猜測(cè)，“她一定是坐公交車去的”；B選項(xiàng)shouldhavegone和C選項(xiàng)oughttohavegone表示本來(lái)應(yīng)該，“她本應(yīng)該坐公交車去的”；D選項(xiàng)couldhavegone表示本來(lái)可以，“她本可以坐公交車去的”。句意：南希去上班了，但她的車還在那兒，她一定是坐公交車去的。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Thetalkshavebecome______withbothsidesrefusingtocompromiseanyfurther.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.irrational

B.irreconcilable

C.irreparable

D.irreplaceable

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.irrational不合邏輯的；沒(méi)有道理的B.irreconcilable矛盾的；不可調(diào)和的

C.irreparable無(wú)法彌補(bǔ)的；不能修復(fù)的D.irreplaceable（因貴重或獨(dú)特）不能替代的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息withbothsidesrefusingtocompromiseanyfurther（雙方都拒絕進(jìn)一步妥協(xié)）可知，這次談判是不可調(diào)和的，B項(xiàng)符合句意，故該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】由于雙方都拒絕進(jìn)一步妥協(xié)，談判變得不可調(diào)和。

5.單選題

Nottoomanydecadesagoitseemed“obvious”bothtothegeneralpublicandtosociologiststhatmodernsocietyhaschangedpeople'snaturalrelations,loosenedtheirresponsibilitiestokinandneighbors,andsubstitutedintheirplacesuperficialrelationshipswithpassingacquaintances.However,inrecentyearsagrowingbodyofresearchhasrevealedthatthe“obvious”isnottrue.Itseemsthatifyouareacityresident,youtypicallyknowasmallerproportionofyourneighborsthanyoudoifyouarearesidentofasmallercommunity.But,forthemostpart,thisfacthasfewsignificantconsequences.Itdoesnotnecessarilyfollowthatifyouknowfewofyourneighborsyouwillknownooneelse.

Eveninverylargecities,peoplemaintainclosesocialtieswithinsmall,privatesocialworlds.Indeed,thenumberandqualityofmeaningfulrelationshipsdonotdifferbetweenmoreandlessurbanpeople.Small-townresidentsaremoreinvolvedwithkinthanarebig-cityresidents.Yetcitydwellerscompensatebydevelopingfriendshipswithpeoplewhosharesimilarinterestsandactivities.Urbanismmayproduceadifferentstyleoflife,butthequalityoflifedoesnotdifferbetweentownandcity.Norareresidentsoflargecommunitiesanylikeliertodisplaypsychologicalsymptomsofstressoralienation,afeelingofnotbelonging,thanareresidentsofsmallercommunities.However,citydwellersdoworrymoreaboutcrime,andthisleadsthemtoadistrustofstrangers.

Thesefindingsdonotimplythaturbanismmakeslittleornodifference.Ifneighborsarcstrangerstooneanother,theyarelesslikelytosweepthesidewalkofanelderlycouplelivingnextdoororkeepaneyeoutforyoungtroublemakers.Moreover,asWirthsuggested,theremaybealinkbetweenacommunity’spopulationsizeanditssocialheterogeneity.Forinstance,sociologistshavefoundmuchevidencethatthesizeofacommunityisassociatedwithbadbehaviorincludinggambling,drugs,etc.Large-cityurbanitesarealsomorelikelythantheirsmall-towncounterpartstohaveacosmopolitanoutlook,todisplaylessresponsibilitytotraditionalkinshiproles,tovoteforleftistpoliticalcandidates,andtobetolerantofnontraditionalreligiousgroups,unpopularpoliticalgroups,andso-calledundesirables.Everythingconsidered,heterogeneityandunusualbehaviorseemtobeoutcomesoflargepopulationsize.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribestheorganizationofthefirstparagraph?

2.Accordingtothepassage,itwasonceacommonbeliefthaturbanresidents（

）.

3.Oneoftheconsequencesofurbanlifeisthatimpersonalrelationshipsamongneighbors（

）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthebiggeracommunityis（

）.

5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Twocontrastingviewsarepresented.

B.Anargumentisexaminedandpossiblesolutionsgiven

C.Researchresultsconcerningthequalityofurbanlifearepresentedinorderoftime.

D.Adetaileddescriptionofthedifferencebetweenurbanandsmall-townlifeisgiven

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.didnothavethesameinterestsastheirneighbors

B.couldnotdeveloplong-standingrelationships

C.tendedtobeassociatedwithbadbehavior

D.usuallyhadmorefriends

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.disruptpeoplednaturalrelations

B.makethemworryaboutcrime

C.causethemnottoshowconcernforoneanother

D.causethemtobesuspiciousofeachother

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thebetteritsqualityoflife

B.themoresimilaritsinterests

C.themoretolerantandopen-mindeditis

D.thelikelieritistodisplaypsychologicalsymptomsofstress

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Similaritiesintheinterpersonalrelationshipsbetweenurbanitesandsmall-towndwellers

B.Advantagesoflivinginbigcitiesascomparedwithlivinginsmalltowns.

C.Thepositiverolethaturbanismplaysinmodemlife.

D.Thestrongfeelingofalienationofcityinhabitants.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干詢問(wèn)‘下列哪個(gè)陳述最能描述第一段的結(jié)構(gòu)?’。文章在第一段的第一句指出了幾十年前存在的一個(gè)看起來(lái)非?！懊黠@的”事實(shí)。下一句用However一詞表示內(nèi)容發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折。表示近年來(lái)的研究表明這一曾經(jīng)看起來(lái)非?！黠@的’事實(shí)其實(shí)是假的?！痹谶@之后便就近年來(lái)的研究結(jié)果進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。所以A選項(xiàng)‘提出了兩種截然不同的觀點(diǎn)?！_。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問(wèn)‘根據(jù)這篇文章，城市居民…曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)普遍的信念’。根據(jù)文章第一段中第一句“modemsocietyhaschangedpeople'snaturalrelations,loosenedtheirresponsibilitiestokinandneighbors,andsubstitutedintheirplacesuperficialrelationshipswithpassingacquaintances.現(xiàn)代社會(huì)改變了人們的自然關(guān)系，放松了人們對(duì)親屬和鄰居的責(zé)任，取代了他們與泛泛之交的膚淺關(guān)系?！贝_定B選項(xiàng)‘不能發(fā)展長(zhǎng)期的關(guān)系’正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問(wèn)‘城市生活的后果之一就是鄰里之間缺乏人情味的關(guān)系…’。根據(jù)文章第三段中第二句“Ifneighborsarestrangerstooneanother,theyarelesslikelytosweepthesidewalkofanelderlycouplelivingnextdoororkeepaneyeoutforyoungtroublemakers.如果鄰居彼此都是陌生人，他們就不太可能去掃住在隔壁的老夫婦的人行道，也不太可能留意年輕的搗亂分子。”確定C選項(xiàng)‘讓他們不關(guān)心彼此’正確

4.推理判斷題。題干詢問(wèn)‘從文章中可以推斷，一個(gè)社區(qū)越大…’。根據(jù)文章最后一段中第五句“Large-cityurbanitesarealsomorelikelythantheirsmall-towncounterpartstohaveacosmopolitanoutlook,todisplaylessresponsibilitytotraditionalkinshiproles,tovoteforleftistpoliticalcandidates,andtobetolerantofnontraditionalreligiousgroups,unpopularpoliticalgroups,andso-calledundesirables.大城市的都市人也比小城鎮(zhèn)的都市人更有可能擁有國(guó)際化的視野，對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的親屬角色表現(xiàn)出較少的責(zé)任感，投票給左派政治候選人，并對(duì)非傳統(tǒng)宗教團(tuán)體、不受歡迎的政治團(tuán)體和所謂的不受歡迎的人持寬容態(tài)度?！贝_定C選項(xiàng)‘越寬容，越豁達(dá)’正確

5.主旨大意題。題干詢問(wèn)‘這篇文章主要講的是什么?’。文章在第一段的第一句指出了幾十年前存在的一個(gè)看起來(lái)非?！懊黠@的”事實(shí)。后面馬上轉(zhuǎn)折表示近年來(lái)的研究表明這一曾經(jīng)看起來(lái)非常‘明顯的’事實(shí)其實(shí)是假的。之后對(duì)比了大城市與小城鎮(zhèn)中的人際關(guān)系，重點(diǎn)在于指出大城市與小城鎮(zhèn)居民人際關(guān)系的相同之處。并且第二段第二句明確表示“Indeed,thenumberandqualityofmeaningfulrelationshipsdonotdifferbetweenmoreandlessurbanpeople.事實(shí)上，有意義的人際關(guān)系的數(shù)量和質(zhì)量并沒(méi)有因城市人口的增多而有所不同?！訟選項(xiàng)‘城市居民和小城鎮(zhèn)居民之間人際關(guān)系的相似性’正確。

6.單選題

（）,1hardlythinkIwouldhaverecognizedhim.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Shouldhisnamenotbementioned

B.Hadsomeonenotmentionedhisname

C.Ifsomeonedidnotmentionhisname

D.Ifsomeonehadmentionedhisname

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。由后半句的"wouldhaverecognized"可知是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句用had+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞。句意：如果那時(shí)沒(méi)有提到他的名字，我想我?guī)缀跽J(rèn)不出他來(lái)了。只有B項(xiàng)符合句意。

7.單選題

Themeetingwas（）overbythemayorofthecity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.presumed

B.proposed

C.presented

D.presided

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)presumed“假定，推測(cè)”；B選項(xiàng)proposed“建議，打算”；C選項(xiàng)presented“提出，呈遞”；D選項(xiàng)presided“主持，擔(dān)任會(huì)議主席”。句意：會(huì)議由該市市長(zhǎng)（）。本句表示“會(huì)議由市長(zhǎng)主持”，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.單選題

Ahundreddollarswillbe（

）tobuyahomecomputer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.efficient

B.sufficient

C.effective

D.proficient

【答案】B

【解析】句意:100美元足以買一臺(tái)家用電腦。選項(xiàng)中只有B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

9.單選題

（）,althoughhehaddonenothingtobeproudof,Johnbegantoswellouthischestandshowoff.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Favored

B.Frustrated

C.Frauded

D.Flattered

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)Favored“支持；偏袒”；B選項(xiàng)Frustrated“挫??；阻撓”；C選項(xiàng)Frauded“作假”；D選項(xiàng)Flattered“奉承；恭維”。句意：當(dāng)他被……的時(shí)候，盡管并沒(méi)有做出什么值得驕傲的事情，約翰仍然開(kāi)始挺胸炫耀。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息nothingtobeproudof“沒(méi)什么值得驕傲的地方”，但他的反應(yīng)卻是showoff“炫耀的”，由此可知，約翰是被人奉承了。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itiseducational.

B.Itisenjoyable.

C.Itisadaptedfromadrama.

D.Itisdivorcedfromreallife.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Alltherolesareplayedbyfamousactorsandactresses.

B.ItsplotsandeventsrevealalotaboutFrankie’sactuallife.

C.Itisbasedonthereal-lifeexperiencesofsomecelebrities.

D.Itiswritten,directed,editedandproducedbyFrankiehimself.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Recommendittoherfriends.

B.Gotothetheaterandenjoyit.

C.Downloadandwatchit.

D.Watchitwiththeman.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itisagainstcommonsense.

B.Itisaridiculouspieceofsatire.

C.Ithasbeenshowingforoveradecade.

D.Ithasdrawncriticismsfromscientists.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】ConversationTwo

W:Areyouwatchinganygoodshowsthesedays?

M:Actually,yes.I’mwatchingagreatsatirecalledFrankie.Ithinkyou’dlikeit.

W:Really?What’sitabout?

M:It’saboutarealguynamedFrankie.HeisafamouscomedianinNewYorkandshowsamixtureofcomedyanddramalooselydepictinghislife.

W:I’msorry,doyoumeantosay,it’sareal-lifeseriesaboutarealperson?It’snon-fiction,isit?

M:No...Notreally,no.It’sfiction,aswhathappensineveryepisodeismadeup.However,theleadroleisacomedianbythenameofFrankie,andheplayshimself.SoFrankie,inbothreallifeandintheTVshow,livesinNewYorkCity.He’sacomic,isdivorced,andhastwolittledaughters.Allthosethingsaretrue,butasidefromhim,allhisfriendsandfamilyareplayedbyactors.Andtheplotsandtheeventsthattakeplacearealsoinvented.

W:Oh,IthinkIseenow.Thatsoundslikeaveryoriginalconcept.

M:Yes,itis.[6]Infact,thewholeshowiswritten,directed,editedandproducedbyhim,[5]andisveryfunnyandhaswonmanyawards.

W:That’scool.[7]Iwilltrytodownloadit.I’mwatchingacomedycalledTheBigBangTheory.It’sahugehitaroundtheworld.

M:Ohyes.I’veheardofit,butneveractuallywatchedit.

W:Well,thenyoushouldcheckitout.It’salsoveryfunny.It’saboutfourmalescientistsandafemalewaitress.Themenareverysociallyawkwardbutverybright.Andthisiscontrastedbythelady’ssocialskillsandcommonsense.[8]Theshowhasbeenrunningforovertenyears,andsomeoftheactorsarepracticallyglobalsuperstars.Nowthattheyaresuchfamouscelebrities.

5.WhatdoesthemanthinkofthesatireFrankieherecentlywatched?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)男士對(duì)其最近看的《弗蘭基》有什么看法？男士提到《弗蘭基》是紐約著名喜劇演員弗蘭基自導(dǎo)自制的一部諷刺劇，男士認(rèn)為它非常有趣（funny），B選項(xiàng)中的enjoyable“有趣的”是其同義替換，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“有教育意義的”在錄音中沒(méi)有提及；C選項(xiàng)“由戲劇改編而來(lái)”錯(cuò)誤，男士說(shuō)的是喜劇和戲劇相結(jié)合來(lái)描繪紐約著名喜劇演員的弗蘭基的生活，是虛構(gòu)的，而不是改編的，因此不正確；弗蘭基在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活和電視節(jié)目中都生活在紐約，因此D選項(xiàng)“脫離現(xiàn)實(shí)生活”也不正確。

6.WhatdoesthemansayisspecialaboutthesatireFrankie?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于《弗蘭基》的特別之處，男士說(shuō)了什么？女士說(shuō)這部劇聽(tīng)起來(lái)是原創(chuàng)的，男士表示同意后，接著說(shuō)到整部劇都是由弗蘭基編劇、導(dǎo)演、剪輯、制作的，因此D選項(xiàng)是錄音的復(fù)述，所以正確。A選項(xiàng)“所有的角色都是由著名演員扮演的”錯(cuò)誤，錄音中提到著名演員扮演的劇是《生活大爆炸》而不是《弗蘭基》；B選項(xiàng)“其情節(jié)和故事大量揭密了弗蘭基的真實(shí)生活”錯(cuò)誤，男士說(shuō)到《弗蘭基》的情節(jié)和故事都是虛構(gòu)的（theplotsandtheevents...arealsoinvented）；因此，C選項(xiàng)“它基于幾個(gè)名人的真實(shí)生活”也不正確。

7.WhatdoesthewomansaysheisgoingtodowiththesatireFrankie?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)對(duì)于《弗蘭基》，女士接下來(lái)會(huì)怎么做？女士在聽(tīng)完男士的推薦之后表示會(huì)下載（Iwilltrytodownloadit），下載當(dāng)然是為了觀看，因此選項(xiàng)C正確。A選項(xiàng)“把它推薦給朋友”；B選項(xiàng)“去電影院欣賞”及D選項(xiàng)“和男士一起看”均不正確。

8.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutthecomedyTheBigBangTheory?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于喜劇《生活大爆炸》，女士說(shuō)了什么？女士在對(duì)話中說(shuō)到《生活大爆炸》這部劇已經(jīng)播出十多年了（Theshowhasbeenrunningforovertenyears）。C選項(xiàng)是其同義轉(zhuǎn)述，因此正確。干擾項(xiàng)A選項(xiàng)的commonsense在錄音中出現(xiàn)過(guò)，但錄音中說(shuō)的是劇中演員的常識(shí)，并不是說(shuō)電視劇有違常識(shí)，因此A選項(xiàng)“這有違常識(shí)”不正確；B選項(xiàng)“這是有點(diǎn)荒唐的諷刺作品”，錄音中提到satire“諷刺作品”是用來(lái)描述《弗蘭基》這部劇的，因此不正確；D選項(xiàng)“遭到了科學(xué)家的批評(píng)”，錄音中提到scientists是女士介紹《生活大爆炸》劇中人物的身份，而不是說(shuō)科學(xué)家們對(duì)這部劇的評(píng)價(jià)，所以D選項(xiàng)也不正確。

11.單選題

Thediplomat,selectedforherdemonstratedpatienceandskillinconductingsuchdelicatenegotiations,（

）tomakeadecisionduringthetalksbecauseanysuddencommitmentatthattimewouldhavebeen（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.resolved...detrimental

B.hesitated...warranted

C.declined...inopportune

D.struggled...unconscionable

【答案】C

【解析】詞義辨析題。第一個(gè)空的選項(xiàng)：resolve“決定，溶解”；hesitate“猶豫，有疑慮”；decline“下降，衰落，婉拒”：struggle“努力，掙扎，對(duì)抗”，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞patience和suddencommitment可以推斷出第一個(gè)空應(yīng)選則填入declined：第二個(gè)空的選項(xiàng)：detrimental“不利的，有害的”；warranted“保證的，擔(dān)保的”；inopportune“不適當(dāng)?shù)?，不合時(shí)機(jī)的”；unconscionable“昧著良心的，肆無(wú)忌憚的，過(guò)度的”根據(jù)第一個(gè)空的選詞和句意‘因在如此微妙的談判中表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的耐心和技巧而當(dāng)選的這位外交官拒絕在會(huì)談中做出決定，因?yàn)樵谀欠N情況下，任何突然的承諾都是不恰當(dāng)?shù)摹_定第二個(gè)空填入inopportune，C選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Detailedstudiesofthetribebythefoodscientistsat[A]theUniversityofLondonshowedthatgatheringisamoreproductivesourceoffood[B]thanishunting.Anhourofhuntingyields[C]onaverageabout100ediblecalories[D]asanhourofgatheringproduces240.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.the

B.thanishunting

C.on

D.as

【答案】D

【解析】考查語(yǔ)義邏輯。D選項(xiàng)處“Anhourofhuntingyieldsonaverageabout100ediblecalories”與后面“anhourofgatheringproduces240”形成對(duì)比，應(yīng)將as改為可表示對(duì)比關(guān)系的while或whereas。

13.翻譯題

Directions:PutthefollowingpassageintoChinese.WriteyourChineseversionintheproperspaceontheAnswerSheet.

Thisgreaterinterdependenceisnotlimitedtothefinancialsector.Thenewchallengesoftodayareglobalinnatureandtherefore,theydemandaglobalresponse.Thisappliestoissuessuchasclimatechange,eneigysecurity,terrorismprevention,traffickingandorganizedcrime.Wecannolongermeetthesechallengesbyclosingthedoorandsimplylookingafterourownhouse.Instead,wemustreachoutandseekcooperation,wherevercooperationismoreeffective.Theworldiscurrentlywitnessingthebroadestanddeepestwaveofglobalizationeverproducinggreatopportunitiesbutalsosomerisks.GlobalizationhashelpedhundredsofmillionsfrompovertyandprovidedbusinesseswiththepossibilitytoinvestandexpandabroaD.Butthosesamebusinessesknowthattheycannolongerliveonpastachievements.Whenwespeakofglobalization,itisimportanttounderstandthatopennessandinterdependencearetherulesofthegame.

Ourcooperationinthefightagainstclimatechangeisparticularlyimportant.Weallknowthatclimatechangeisreal,thatitiscausedbyhumanactivity,andthatitsconsequencesareuniversalandwillbefeltfirstandforemostbythepoorest.Itwillservelittlepurposeifothercountriesdonotjoinincommonaction.Yes,thereisacosttoreducingemissions,butthecostofglobalwarmingandnotjustinthelongtermisgoingtobefarhigher,includingforChina.

【答案】我們之間日益加深的相互依存并不局限于金融領(lǐng)域。今天我們實(shí)際面臨的許多新挑戰(zhàn)都是全球性的，因此需要全球做出共同應(yīng)對(duì)。這其中包括了氣候變化、能源安全、制止恐怖主義、販賣毒品和有組織犯罪等。我們已經(jīng)不能以關(guān)起門來(lái)獨(dú)善其身的方式應(yīng)對(duì)這些挑戰(zhàn)。相反，我們必須伸出雙手尋求合作，因?yàn)楹献髂軌蚋行У亟鉀Q這些問(wèn)題。世界正經(jīng)歷著一波最為廣泛和深刻的全球化浪潮，這為我們提供了巨大的機(jī)會(huì)，但同時(shí)也帶來(lái)了一些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。全球化已幫助數(shù)以億計(jì)的人們擺脫了貧困，并且給企業(yè)提供了進(jìn)行海外投資和擴(kuò)張的機(jī)會(huì)。但那些企業(yè)也意識(shí)到不能夠滿足于自己過(guò)去取得的成就。提到全球化，我們必須清楚公開(kāi)和相互依存是其游戲的規(guī)則。

我們?cè)趹?yīng)對(duì)氣候變化方面的合作尤其重要。我們現(xiàn)在都認(rèn)識(shí)到氣候的變化是實(shí)實(shí)在在的，這一變化由人類活動(dòng)引發(fā)，其影響是全球性的并且將首先波及最貧困的人口。如果其他國(guó)家不參與共同行動(dòng)，那么，我們的努力將不會(huì)產(chǎn)生結(jié)果。是的，我們將為減少溫室氣體排放付出代價(jià)，但我們可能在并不遙遠(yuǎn)的將來(lái)為全球變暖付出遠(yuǎn)高于此的代價(jià)，中國(guó)也不例外。

14.單選題

Itwasshamefulthattheargument（

）ahandfight..

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.endedin

B.cameto

C.endedup

D.culminatedin

【答案】D

【解析】句意:爭(zhēng)論以大打出手而告終真是可恥。

短語(yǔ)辨析。endin以…告終;cometo蘇醒，發(fā)生;endup最后成了……;culminatein以……告終,但強(qiáng)調(diào)以高潮結(jié)朿.由題干關(guān)鍵信息大打出手判斷D最符合。

15.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.

Today’spolicemeninlargecitiesthroughouttheworldrelyonmoderninventionstohelpthemintheirwork.Inmostplacesmotor-scootersandpolicepatrolcarshavedoneawaywiththeneedtopatrolonfootoronhorseback.Policemenusetelephone,convenientlylocatedthroughouttheirdistricts,tomakeimmediatecontactwithheadquarters.Radio,television,andcomputershelptospeedtheworkofthemodernforce.Evenboatsandhelicoptersarepartoftheequipmentofmetropolitanpolicedepartments.Newtechnicalinventionsarewidelyusedtofightcrimeandspeedthesolutionofcriminalcases.Electroniccomputersreducefromhourstominutesthetimespentinsearchingforfingerprints.Witness’sdescriptionsofacriminalarecodedandfedintoacomputer.Themachinethensortsthroughthepicturefileofknowncriminalsandselectsthenameandphotographofthemostlikelysuspect.Liedetectorsareusedtouncoverthetruth.

【答案】今天，全球很多大城市的警察都借助現(xiàn)代發(fā)明進(jìn)行工作。在大多數(shù)地方，駕駛小摩托車和警察巡邏車已經(jīng)取代了步行或在馬背上巡邏的做法。各區(qū)便捷的電話網(wǎng)使警察能及時(shí)與總部取得聯(lián)系；無(wú)線電、電視、計(jì)算機(jī)也有助于提高現(xiàn)代警察的工作效率；甚至連船只和直升機(jī)也成了一些大城市警察部門的裝備。新技術(shù)發(fā)明廣泛運(yùn)用于打擊犯罪，加速案件偵破，計(jì)算機(jī)將搜索指紋所花費(fèi)的時(shí)間由幾小時(shí)減少到幾分鐘。證人對(duì)罪犯的描述被編碼并輸入計(jì)算機(jī)，計(jì)算機(jī)將所掌握的罪犯照片案卷進(jìn)行分類，選出重大嫌疑犯的姓名和照片；測(cè)謊儀也用于幫助揭露真相。

16.單選題

MissRobintriedto（

）allerrorsfromthetypescriptbygoingthroughitverycarefully.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.object

B.duplicate

C.approve

D.eliminate

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“反對(duì)，抗議”；B選項(xiàng)“復(fù)制，重復(fù)”；C選項(xiàng)“同意，贊成”；D選項(xiàng)“消除，清除，淘汰”；依據(jù)句意‘羅賓小姐仔細(xì)檢查打字稿，力求消除所有的錯(cuò)誤’確定D選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Nowhereelsealongthecoast______suchshallowwatersofarfromland.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.isthere

B.isit

C.thereis

D.itis

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.isthere有B.isit它是

C.thereis有D.itis它是

【考查點(diǎn)】倒裝。

【解題思路】Nowhere是含有否定的詞語(yǔ)，把含有否定的詞語(yǔ)放在句首，句子需要部分倒裝，而根據(jù)alongthecoast（沿海），可知用therebe句型符合句意。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

C、D選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有倒裝；

B選項(xiàng)并不符合句意。

【句意】沿海沒(méi)有其他地方有如此遠(yuǎn)離陸地的淺灘。

18.單選題

Foraboutthreecenturieswehavebeendoingscience,tryingscienceout,usingsciencefortheconstructionofwhatwecallmoderncivilization.Everydispensableitemofcontemporarytechnology,fromcanallockstodialtelephonestopenicillin,waspiecedtogetherfromtheanalysisofdataprovidedbyoneoranotherseriesofscientificexperiments.Threehundredyearsseemsalongtimefortestinganewapproachtohumandevelopmentlongenoughtosettlebackforcriticalappraisalofthescientificmethod,maybeevenlongenoughtovoteonwhethertogoonwithitornot.Thereisanargument.

Voiceshavebeenraisedinprotestsincethebeginning,risinginpitchandviolenceinthenineteenthcenturyduringtheearlystagesoftheindustrialrevolution,summoningurgentcrowdsintothestreetsanydaythesedaysontheissueofnuclearenergy.Giveitback,saysomeofthevoices,itdoesn’treallywork,we’dtrieditanditdoesn’twork,gobackthreehundredyearsandstartagainonsomethingelselesschancyfortheraceofman.

Theprincipaldiscoveriesinthiscentury,takingallinall,aretheglimpsesofthedepthofourignoranceaboutnature.Thingsthatusedtoseemclearandrational,mattersofabsolutecertainty―Newtonianmechanics,forexample―haveslippedthroughourfingers,andweareleftwithanewsetofgiganticpuzzles,cosmicuncertainties,ambiguities;someofthelawsofphysicsareamendedeveryfewyears,somearecanceledoutright,someundergorevisedversionsoflegislativeintentasiftheywereactsofCongress.

JustthirtyyearsagowecallitabiologicalrevolutionwhenthefantasticgeometryoftheDNAmoleculewasexposedtopublicviewandthelinearlanguageofgeneticswasdecoded.Forawhile,thingsseemedsimpleandclear,thecellwasaneatlittlemachine,amechanicaldevicereadyfortakingtopiecesandreassembling,likeatinywatch.Butjustinthelastfewyearsithasbecomealmostunbelievablycomplex,filledwithstrangepartswhosefunctionsarebeyondtoday’simagination.

Itisnotjustthatthereismoretodo,thereiseverythingtodo.Whatliesahead,orwhatcanlieaheadiftheeffortsinbasicresearcharecontinued,ismuchmorethantheconquestofhumandiseaseortheimprovementofagriculturaltechnologyorthecultivationofnutrientsinthesea.Aswelearnmoreaboutfundamentalprocessesoflivingthingsingeneralwewilllearnmoreaboutourselves.

1.WhatCANNOTbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?

2.Theprinciplediscoveryinthiscenturyshows（）.

3.Nowscientistshavefoundinthepastfewyears（）.

4.Thewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthepassageistosaythat（）.

5.Thewriter’sattitudetowardsscienceis（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Scientificexperimentsinthepastthreehundredyearshaveproducedmanyvaluableitems.

B.Forthreehundredyearstherehavebeenpeopleholdingahostileattitudetowardscience.

C.Moderncivilizationdependsonsciencesomansupportsscientificprogressunanimously.

D.Somepeoplethinkthreehundredyearsisnotlongenoughtosetbackforcriticalappraisalofscientificmethod.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.manhasoverthrownNewton’slawsofphysics

B.manhassolvedanewsetofgiganticpuzzles

C.manhaslostmanyscientificdiscoveries

D.manhasgivenupsomeoftheonceacceptedtheories

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theexposureofDNAtothepublicisunnecessary

B.thetinycellinDNAisaneatlittlemachine

C.manknowsnothingaboutDNA

D.manhasmuchtolearnaboutDNA

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.scienceisjustatitsbeginning

B.sciencehasgreatlyimprovedman’slife

C.sciencehasmadeprofoundprogress

D.sciencehasdonetoolittletohumanbeings

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.critical

B.approving

C.neutral

D.regretful

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第一段第三句和第四句maybeevenlongenoughtovoteonwhethertogoonwithitornot.Thereisanargument（甚至長(zhǎng)到要投票決定是否繼續(xù)下去。這是有爭(zhēng)議的。），可見(jiàn)對(duì)于將科學(xué)是否繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去，人們觀點(diǎn)不一，有人持?jǐn)硨?duì)態(tài)度，故C選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)代文明依賴科學(xué)，所以人們一致支持科學(xué)的進(jìn)步”正確，B選項(xiàng)“三百年來(lái)有人一直對(duì)科學(xué)持?jǐn)硨?duì)態(tài)度”錯(cuò)誤，D選項(xiàng)“有的人認(rèn)為三百年的時(shí)間不夠長(zhǎng)，不能讓人們對(duì)科學(xué)方法進(jìn)行批判性的評(píng)價(jià)”錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“過(guò)去三百年的科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)制造出許多有價(jià)值的物品”：根據(jù)第一段第一、二句，三百年來(lái)，我們一直在研究科學(xué)，當(dāng)代每項(xiàng)技術(shù)都是通過(guò)科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)而來(lái)的。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。A選項(xiàng)manhasoverthrownNewton’slawsofphysics“人類推翻了牛頓的物理定律”；B選項(xiàng)manhassolvedanewsetofgiganticpuzzles“人類已經(jīng)解決了一套新的巨大的謎題”；C選項(xiàng)manhaslostmanyscientificdiscoveries“人類已經(jīng)失去了許多科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)”；D選項(xiàng)manhasgivenupsomeoftheonceacceptedtheories“人類已經(jīng)放棄了一些曾經(jīng)被接受的理論”。根據(jù)第三段最后一句someofthelawsofphysicsareamendedeveryfewyears,somearecanceledoutright,someundergorevisedversionsoflegislativeintentasiftheywereactsofCongress.（有些物理定律每隔幾年就會(huì)被修訂，有些被完全取消，有些經(jīng)過(guò)立法意圖的修訂版本，就像它們是國(guó)會(huì)法案一樣。），可知人類對(duì)理論所采取的做法是修正，擯棄，甚至采取立法手段，故D選項(xiàng)“人類已經(jīng)放棄了一些曾經(jīng)被接受的理論”正確。A、B、C選項(xiàng)不是主要發(fā)現(xiàn)，而是其中小部分。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第四段Justthirtyyearsagowecallitabiologicalrevolution…Forawhile,thingsseemedsimpleandclear…Butjustinthelastfewyearsithasbecomealmostunbelievablycomplex（30年前，我們稱之為一場(chǎng)生物革命……有一段時(shí)間，事情似乎簡(jiǎn)單明了……但就在最近幾年，它變得幾乎難以置信地復(fù)雜），可知人們對(duì)于DNA的認(rèn)識(shí)不斷在更新，有很多要了解的，不是一無(wú)所知，故D選項(xiàng)“人類對(duì)DNA還需要了解很多”正確，C選項(xiàng)“人類對(duì)DNA一無(wú)所知”錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有必要把DNA的信息告訴大眾”：作者沒(méi)有這個(gè)意思。B選項(xiàng)“DNA中的小細(xì)胞是一臺(tái)小巧的機(jī)器”：根據(jù)第四段第二句，DNA在30年前被比作小機(jī)器，但現(xiàn)在這個(gè)概念被顛覆。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句Itisnotjustthatthereismoretodo,thereiseverythingtodo.（不僅是有更多的事情要做，而是每件事都要做。），可知人類在科學(xué)發(fā)展方面還需要做大量的研究，這只是一個(gè)開(kāi)始，故A選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)才剛剛開(kāi)始”正確。B選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)極大地改善了人類生活”和D選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)對(duì)人類作用太小”沒(méi)有著重表述。C選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)取得了里程碑式的進(jìn)步”沒(méi)有提到。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.綜合歸納題。A選項(xiàng)critical“批判的”；B選項(xiàng)approving“支持的”；C選項(xiàng)neutral“中性的”；D選項(xiàng)regretful“偉大的”。根據(jù)第五段最后一句Aswelearnmoreaboutfundamentalprocessesoflivingthingsingeneralwewilllearnmoreaboutourselves.（隨著我們更多地了解生物的基本過(guò)程，我們也將更多地了解我們自己。），以及全文對(duì)科技進(jìn)步的描述，作者點(diǎn)出了科學(xué)進(jìn)步的好處，可見(jiàn)對(duì)科學(xué)持正向肯定態(tài)度，故B選項(xiàng)“支持的”正確。A，C和D選項(xiàng)不符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Childrenvalueperceptivecomments,responsesandquestionsontheirwriting,buttheyquicklyseethrough（）approvalandgeneralizedfaintpraise.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pernicious

B.perfunctory

C.lethargic

D.phlegmatic

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。pernicious“有害的”；perfunctory“敷衍的”；lethargic“昏睡的，無(wú)生氣的”；phlegmatic“冷淡的，遲鈍的”。句意：孩子們重視他們寫作中具有洞察力的評(píng)論、回答和問(wèn)題，但是他們能迅速區(qū)分敷衍的意見(jiàn)和普通的贊美。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

20.單選題

Somediseasesare（

）bycertainwateranimals.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transplanted

B.transformed

C.transported

D.transmitted

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞辨析題。transplant移植；transform改變，變換；transport運(yùn)輸；transmit傳輸，傳播。

句意：有些疾病是由某些水生動(dòng)物傳播的。這里指疾病的傳播，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

21.單選題

Groupsofpolicewere______allalongthestreetwheretheQueenwastopass.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.dispersed

B.displaced

C.dispensed

D.discounted

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)dispersed“分散”；B選項(xiàng)displaced“取代；移動(dòng)位置”；C選項(xiàng)dispensed“分發(fā)”；D選項(xiàng)discounted“打折；不理會(huì)”。句意：成群的警察被______在女王要經(jīng)過(guò)的街道上。這里A選項(xiàng)dispersed“分散”比較符合語(yǔ)境，指警察在街道上保護(hù)女王，符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

22.單選題

15.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Chemotherapy.

B.Radiation.

C.Injections.

D.Surgery.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Whatdoyouknowabouttreatmentsofcancer?

M:Chemotherapy.Buttheatmakesyourhairfallout,doesn’tit?

W:Yes,therearesomeunpleasantside-effects.I’mnotsureweneedtoconsiderthatatthisstage.Weshouldseewhetheraseriesofinjectionwillhelp.

Q:Whattreatmentwillthemanprobablyreceivefirst?

【解析】對(duì)話中女士說(shuō)要先看看藥物注射是否有效，患者的狀況還不到進(jìn)行化療的程度。

23.翻譯題

面對(duì)多變的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)，我們主張要大力推動(dòng)開(kāi)放創(chuàng)新。國(guó)際金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)7年來(lái)的實(shí)踐證明，唯有同舟共濟(jì)，才能渡過(guò)難關(guān)。在相互依存的世界里，各國(guó)有權(quán)根據(jù)自己的國(guó)情制定經(jīng)濟(jì)政策，但是也應(yīng)加強(qiáng)同其他國(guó)家的宏觀政策協(xié)調(diào)，擴(kuò)大利益匯合點(diǎn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)共同發(fā)展。歐洲有諺語(yǔ)講：“面對(duì)變革之風(fēng)，有人砌圍墻，有人轉(zhuǎn)風(fēng)車?！蔽覀兂珜?dǎo)順勢(shì)而為，堅(jiān)定不移推進(jìn)自由貿(mào)易，旗幟鮮明反對(duì)保護(hù)主義，積極擴(kuò)大區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合作，打造全球價(jià)值鏈，迎接新科技革命的到來(lái)。宏觀政策固然重要，但結(jié)構(gòu)性改革勢(shì)在必行，這是國(guó)際社會(huì)的共識(shí)。盡管難度很大，但也應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持去做，這樣才能形成全球創(chuàng)新合力，增強(qiáng)世界發(fā)展的新動(dòng)能。

【答案】Inaworldfacingvolatileeconomicsituation,weshouldallworktopromoteopening-upandinnovation.Whathashappenedsincetheoutbreakoftheinternationalfinancialcrisissevenyearsagoprovesthattoworkinunityisthesurestwayforcountriestogetoverthedifficulties.Weareallinterdependentinthisworld.Whileweeachhavetherighttoadopteconomicpoliciesinlinewithnationalconditions,weneedtostrengthenmacro-policycoordinationtoexpandtheconvergenceofinterestsandachievecommondevelopment.AnEuropeanproverbsays,“whenthewindofchangeblows,somebuildwalls,whileothersbuildwindmills.”Weneedtoactalongthetrendofourtime,firmlyadvancefreetrade,resolutelyrejectprotectionism,andactivelyexpandregionaleconomiccooperation.Weneedtobuildglobalvaluechains,andseizetheopportunityofanewtechnologicalrevolution.Whiletheinternationalcommunityagreeontheimportanceofmacro-policiestotheeconomy,theyalsorecognizetheurgencytogoaheadwithstructuralreform.Structuralreformmustbecarriedthroughnomatterhowdifficultitis,asitisaneffectivewaytofosterconditionsconducivetoglobalinnovationandbringaboutnewmomentumforglobaldevelopment.

24.單選題

UnderOregon’sDeathwithDignityAct,whichcameintoforcein1997,physician-assistedsuicidehasaccountedforbetween0.06and0.14percentoftotaldeaths,orsomewherearound40peryear.TheestimatefordeathsinBritain,（

）,is650.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shouldtheproposedlegislationbecomelaw

B.aslongastheproposedlegislationbecamelaw

C.soonaftertheproposedlegislationbecomeslaw

D.theproposedlegislationshouldbecomelaw

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。由空格句中的詞estimate可知這一立法建議目前在英國(guó)尚未被采納，因此是虛擬。當(dāng)if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞部分含有助動(dòng)詞should時(shí)，可省略if并把should前置，形成倒裝。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

25.單選題

Whileit’struethattechniquesofactivelisteningcan（）thevalueoflecture,fewstudentspossesssuchskillsatthebeginningoftheircollegecareers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.enhance

B.enlarge

C.access

D.exaggerate

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。enhance“提高，加強(qiáng)，增加”；enlarge“擴(kuò)大，增大”；access“使用；存??；接近”；exaggerate“夸張”。句意：積極傾聽(tīng)能夠提高演講的價(jià)值，但是很少有大學(xué)生在入學(xué)之初就有這樣的技能。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

26.單選題

Whileaquarterofmenwashtheircarsonceaweek,fewerthanoneinfivewomencarryoutthe（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.attribute

B.chore

C.repast

D.jargon

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)attribute“屬性，性質(zhì)，特征”；B選項(xiàng)chore“日常事務(wù)，家務(wù)活”；C選項(xiàng)repast“餐，飯菜”；D選項(xiàng)jarg