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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-晉中學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買!第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題
Theyhavereduced(
)inthelabormarketbyallowingemployersandprospectiveemployeestoconnectmoreeasilythaneverbefore.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.incentive
B.budget
C.aggression
D.friction
【答案】D
【解析】考查名詞辨析。incentive“刺激,動(dòng)機(jī)”;budget“預(yù)算”;aggression“侵略,侵犯”;friction“摩擦”。句意為:雇主和潛在雇員之間的聯(lián)系較從前變得更加容易,通過(guò)采用這一方式,他們減少了勞動(dòng)市場(chǎng)中的摩擦。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。
2.單選題
(
)thefirsttousenuclearweapons.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.AtnotimeChinawillbe
B.NeverChinawillbe
C.WillChinaneverbe
D.AtnotimewillChinabe
【答案】D
【解析】考查倒裝。句意:中國(guó)在任何時(shí)候都不會(huì)率先使用核武器。當(dāng)具有否定意義的詞或詞組位于句首時(shí),句子要用部分倒裝。因此答案選D。
3.單選題
Theprofessorhasassignedthestudentsaresearchpaper,thepurpose(
)istoacquaintthemwithmethodsofscholarlyresearch.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.to
B.towhich
C.itthat
D.ofwhich
【答案】D
【解析】句意:教授己經(jīng)指定他的學(xué)生寫一篇研究論文,為了使他們懂得學(xué)術(shù)研究的方法。
語(yǔ)法題??疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。題干中的thepurposeofwhichisto...相當(dāng)于whosepurposeisto。
4.單選題
AfterworkingwithEllenformanyyears,wekneweachotherverywellandestablishedagood________.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.rapport
B.rapine
C.prospect
D.rapture
【答案】A
【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“rapport”,意為“親善;融洽;和睦關(guān)系”;B選項(xiàng)“rapine”,意為“掠奪;劫掠”;C選項(xiàng)“prospect”,意為“前途;預(yù)期;景色”;D選項(xiàng)“rapture”,意為“狂喜;歡天喜地;興高采烈”。句意:和艾倫一起工作多年后,我們彼此非常了解,并建立了__良好的關(guān)系__。本句表示“因?yàn)楹桶瑐愐黄鸸ぷ鞫嗄?,彼此也十分了解,兩人之間建立了親密、和諧的良好關(guān)系”。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。
5.單選題
TheLondonMarathonisadifficultrace.(),thousandsofrunnersparticipateeveryyear.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.Therefore
B.Furthermore
C.Accordingly
D.Nevertheless
【答案】D
【解析】考查連詞辨析。therefore“因此”;furthermore“而且”;accordingly“相應(yīng)地”;nevertheless“不過(guò),然而”。句意:倫敦馬拉松是一個(gè)很難的比賽。但是,每年都有成千上萬(wàn)的跑步者參賽。由前后句意可判斷這兩句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故D項(xiàng)正確。
6.單選題
FormanyyearstheJapanesehave(
)thecarmarket.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.presided
B.occupied
C.operated
D.dominated
【答案】D
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)presided“主持”;B選項(xiàng)occupied“占領(lǐng)”;C選項(xiàng)operated“運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),操作”D選項(xiàng)dominated“控制,支配”。句意:長(zhǎng)久以來(lái),日本人()汽車市場(chǎng)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng),答案選D,日本人主導(dǎo)著汽車市場(chǎng);B選項(xiàng)一般指的是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)上的占領(lǐng),不符合提干語(yǔ)境,所以不選。
7.單選題
Mydaughterhaswalkedeightmilestoday.Weneverguessedthatshecouldwalk()far.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A./
B.such
C.that
D.as
【答案】C
【解析】考查副詞辨析。本句中的that就相當(dāng)于so,意為“如此”,修飾副詞far。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。such后面要接名詞或者名詞短語(yǔ)。as的語(yǔ)義不符。
8.單選題
SocialcircumstancesinEarlyModernEnglandmostlyservedtorepresswomen’svoices.Patriarchalcultureandinstitutionsconstructedthemaschaste,silent,obedient,andsubordinate.Atthebeginningof17thcentury,theideologyofpatriarchy,politicalabsolutism,andgenderhierarchywerereaffirmedpowerfullybyKingJamesinTheTrewLawofFreeMonarchieandtheBasilikonDoron;bythatideologytheabsolutepowerofGodthesupremepatriarchwasseentobeimagedintheabsolutemonarchofthestateandinthehusbandandfatherofafamily.Accordingly,awoman’ssubjection,firsttoherfatherandthentoherhusband,imagedthesubjectionofEnglishpeopletotheirmonarch,andofallChristianstoGod.Also,theperiodsawanoutpouringofrepressiveorovertlymisogynistsermons,tracts,andplays,detailingwomen’sphysicalandmentaldefects,spiritualevils,rebelliousness,shrewishness,andnaturalinferioritytomen.
Yetsomesocialandculturalconditionsservedtoempowerwomen.DuringtheElizabethanera(1558——1603)theculturewasdominatedbyapowerfulQueen,whoprovidedanimpressivefemaleexamplethoughsheleftscantculturalspaceforotherwomen.Elizabethanwomenwritersbegantoproduceoriginaltextsbutwereoccupiedchieflywithtranslation.Inthe17thcentury,however,variouscircumstancesenabledwomentowriteoriginaltextsinsomenumbers.Foronething,somecounterweighttopatriarchywasprovidedbyfemalecommunities—mothersanddaughters,extendedkinshipnetworks,closefemalefriends,theseparatecourtofQueenAnne(KingJames’consort)andheroftenop-positionalmasquesandpoliticalactivities.Foranother,mostofthesewomenhadareasonablygoodeducation(modernlanguages,history,literature,religion,music,occasionallyLatin)andsomeapparentlyfoundinromancesandhistoriesmoreexpansivetermsforimaginingwomen’slives.Also,representationofvigorousandrebelliousfemalecharactersinliteratureandespeciallyonthestagenodoubthelpedtoundermineanymonolithicsocialconstructofwomen’snatureandrole.
Mostimportant,perhaps,wastheradicalpotentialinherentintheProtestantinsistenceoneveryChristian’simmediaterelationshipwithGodandprimaryresponsibilitytofollowhisorherindividualconscience.ThereisplentyofsupportinStPaul’sepistlesandelsewhereintheBibleforpatriarchyandawife’ssubjectiontoherhusband,butsometexts(notablyGalatians3:28)inscribeaverydifferentpolitics,promotingwomen’sspiritualequality:“ThereisneitherJewnorGreek,thereisneitherbondnorfree,thereisneithermalenorfemale:foryearealloneinJesusChrist.”SuchtextsencouragedsomewomentoclaimthesupportofGodthesupremepatriarchagainstthevariousearthlypatriarchswhoclaimedtostandtowardtheminhisstead.
Thereisalsothegaporslippagebetweenideologyandcommonexperience.Englishwomenthroughoutthe17thcenturyexercisedagooddealofactualpower;asmanagersofestatesintheirhusbands’absencesatcourtoronmilitaryanddiplomaticmissions;asmembersofguilds;aswivesandmotherswhosometimesdominatedtheirmenbysheerforceofpersonalityoroutrightdefiance.TheirpowerreacheditsapexduringtheEnglishCivilWarandInterregnum(1640—60)astheexecutionoftheKingandtheattendantdisruptionofsocialhierarchiesledmanywomentoseizenewroles—aspreachers,asprophetesses,asdeputiesforexiledroyalisthusbands,aswritersofreligiousandpoliticaltracts.
1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?
2.WhatdidtheQueenElizabethdoforthewomeninculture?
3.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasareasontoenablewomentooriginaltexts?
4.Whatdidthereligiondoforthewomen?
5.Whatdoestheword“apex”meaninthelastparagraph?
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.Women’sPositioninthe17thCentury.
B.Women’sSubjectiontoPatriarchy.
C.SocialCircumstancesinthe17thCentury.
D.Women’sObjectioninthe17thCentury.
問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)
A.Shesetanimpressivefemaleexampletofollow.
B.Shedominatedtheculture.
C.Shedidlittle.
D.Sheallowedwomentotranslatesomething.
問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)
A.Femalecommunitiesprovidedsomecounterweighttopatriarchy.
B.QueenAnne’spoliticalactivities.
C.Mostwomenhadagoodeducation.
D.QueenElizabeth’spoliticalactivities.
問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)
A.Itdidnothing.
B.Ittooaskedwomentobeobedientexceptsometexts.
C.Itsupportedwomen.
D.ItappealedtotheGod.
問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)
A.thelowestpoint
B.theend
C.ultimate
D.summit
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:C
第3題:D
第4題:B
第5題:D
【解析】1.文章第一段主要是講17世紀(jì)初,英國(guó)的社會(huì)環(huán)境主要是壓制婦女的聲音;第二段主要講述17世紀(jì),一些社會(huì)和文化條件賦予婦女權(quán)力;第三段講述整個(gè)17世紀(jì),英國(guó)女性行使了大量實(shí)際權(quán)力,并在中期達(dá)到頂峰。所以本文主要是論述17世紀(jì)英國(guó)婦女的地位。選項(xiàng)A正確。
2.根據(jù)第二段的第二句“DuringtheElizabethaneratheculturewasdominatedbyapowerfulQueen,whoprovidedanimpressivefemaleexamplethoughsheleftscantculturalspaceforotherwomen.”伊麗莎白時(shí)代的文化由一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的女王統(tǒng)治,盡管她為其他女性沒(méi)有留下多少文化空間,但她本人卻樹(shù)立了一個(gè)令人印象深刻的女性榜樣。由此推斷,選項(xiàng)C符合原文。。
3.根據(jù)第二段后半部分的內(nèi)容“Foronething,somecounterweighttopatriarchywasprovidedbyfemalecommunities...,theseparatecourtofQueenAnneandheroftenop-positionalmasquesandpoliticalactivities.Foranother,mostofthesewomenhadareasonablygoodeducation”只有選項(xiàng)D沒(méi)有提及。
4.根據(jù)第三段的第二句“Thereisplentyofsupport...,promotingwomen’sspiritualequality...”,在《圣保羅書信集》和《圣經(jīng)》的其他地方都有很多支持父權(quán)制,認(rèn)為妻子應(yīng)該對(duì)丈夫的服從,但是一些文本(尤其是迦3:28章節(jié))卻記錄了一種完全不同的政治,提倡婦女的精神平等。所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。
5.根據(jù)下文“TheirpowerreacheditsapexduringtheEnglishCivilWarandInterregnumastheexecutionoftheKingandtheattendantdisruptionofsocialhierarchiesledmanywomentoseizenewroles”當(dāng)時(shí)國(guó)王被處決,隨之而來(lái)的社會(huì)等級(jí)制度被打破,導(dǎo)致許多女性獲得了新的角色。由此推斷,女性權(quán)力在英國(guó)內(nèi)戰(zhàn)和過(guò)渡期達(dá)到了頂峰,選項(xiàng)D正確。thelowestpoint指最低點(diǎn);theend指終點(diǎn);ultimate指終極的。
9.填空題
Althoughpersonalitychangeis________difficult,sometimespeoplecanchangethemostdysfunctionalaspectsoftheirfeelingsandbehavior.(exceed)
【答案】exceedingly
【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】副詞。
【解題思路】在is________difficult中,is和difficult是系動(dòng)詞和表語(yǔ),橫線所在內(nèi)容修飾形容詞difficult,應(yīng)該為副詞,exceedingly“極其”符合語(yǔ)境,指的是性格的改變極其困難。
【句意】雖然性格的改變極其困難,但有時(shí)人們可以改變他們的感覺(jué)和行為中最不正常的方面。
10.單選題
(
)boththelargestandnorthernmoststateintheUnitedStates,Alaskahasthe
smallestpopulation.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.Despitebeing
B.Despiteitis
C.Despitethat
D.Inspitebeing
【答案】A
【解析】句意:雖然阿拉斯加州是美國(guó)最大且位置最靠北的州,但是人口卻是最少的。
語(yǔ)法題。考查現(xiàn)在分詞引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。分析題干跟選項(xiàng)可知,空格處表示讓步“盡管”,句子后半句為主句,所以前半句為be動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。故選A。
11.單選題
IhavedevotedfourweekendstowritingpapersandnowIfeelI(
)arest.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.deserve
B.preserve
C.conceive
D.receive
【答案】A
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。deserve“應(yīng)得,應(yīng)受”;preserve“保存”;conceive“設(shè)想‘懷孕”;receive“收到”。句意:我花了四個(gè)周末寫論文,現(xiàn)在覺(jué)得我應(yīng)該休息一下了。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。
12.單選題
Inthepasttenyearsskyscrapershavedeveloped______inChicagoandNewYorkCity.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.homogeneously
B.simultaneously
C.spontaneously
D.harmoniously
【答案】B
【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)homogeneously“同質(zhì)地,同類地”;B選項(xiàng)simultaneously“同時(shí)地”;C選項(xiàng)spontaneously“自發(fā)地,自然地”;D選項(xiàng)harmoniously“和諧地”。根據(jù)ChicagoandNewYorkCity可推測(cè)在過(guò)去的十年時(shí)間里,高樓大廈應(yīng)是同時(shí)在這兩個(gè)城市聳立,因此選B。句意:在過(guò)去的十年里,芝加哥和紐約的高樓大樓同時(shí)聳立起來(lái)。
13.單選題
Attemptstoreconcilethesetwodecisionshaveexpanded,humaningenuityandexpendedunconscionableamountoftime,effortandpaper.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.excessive
B.uncouth
C.gullible
D.ignoble
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)excessive“過(guò)多的,極度的;過(guò)分的”;B選項(xiàng)uncouth“笨拙的;粗野的;不舒適的;陌生的”;C選項(xiàng)gullible“易受騙的;輕信的”;D選項(xiàng)ignoble“不光彩的;卑鄙的;卑賤的”。句意:調(diào)和這兩個(gè)決定的嘗試已經(jīng)擴(kuò)大,人類的聰明才智和花費(fèi)了大量的時(shí)間、努力和文件。unconscionable“過(guò)度的;不合理的;昧著良心的;肆無(wú)忌憚的”。A選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近,因此A選項(xiàng)正確。
14.單選題
Mostpeoplewouldbe(31)bythehighqualityofmedicine(32)tomostAmericans.Thereisalotofspecialization,agreatdealof(33)totheindividual,a(34)amountofadvancedtechnicalequipment,and(35)effortnottomakemistakesbecauseofthefinancialriskwhichdoctorsandhospitalsmust(36)inthecourtsiftheyhandlethingsbadly.
ButtheAmericansareinamess.Theproblemisthewayin(37)healthcareisorganizedandfinanced.(38)topublicbeliefitisnotjustafreecompetitionsystem.Totheprivatesystemhasbeenjoinedalargepublicsystem,becauseprivatecarewassimplynot(39)thelessfortunateandtheelderly.
Butevenwiththishugepublicpartofthesystem,whichthisyearwilleatup84.5billiondollars—morethan10percentoftheU.S.Budget—largenumberofAmericansareleft(40).Theseincludeabouthalfthe11millionunemployedandthosewhofailtomeetthestrictlimitsonincomefixedbyagovernmenttryingtomakesavingswhereitcan.
Thebasicproblem,however,isthatthereisnocentralcontrol(41)thehealthsystem.Thereisnolimittowhatdoctorsandhospitalschargefortheirservices,otherthanwhatthepublicisabletopay.Thenumberofdoctorshasshotupandpriceshaveclimbed.Whenfacedwithtoothache,asickchild,oraheartattack,alltheunfortunatepersonconcernedcandois(42)up.
Two-thirdsofthepopulation(43)coveredbymedicalinsurance.Doctorschargeasmuchastheywant(44)thattheinsurancecompanywillpaythebill.
TherisingcostofmedicineintheU.S.A.isamongthemostworryingproblemsfacingthecountry.In1981thecountry’shealthbillclimbed15.9percent—abouttwiceasfastasprices(45)general.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.compressed
B.impressed
C.obsessed
D.repressed
問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)
A.available
B.attainable
C.achievable
D.amenable
問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)
A.extension
B.retention
C.attention
D.exertion
問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)
A.countless
B.titanic
C.broad
D.vast
問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)
A.intensive
B.absorbed
C.intense
D.concentrated
問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)
A.runinto
B.encounter
C.face
D.defy
問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)
A.which
B.that
C.what
D.when
問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)
A.Contrary
B.Opposedto
C.Averse
D.Objected
問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)
A.lookingfor
B.lookinginto
C.lookingafter
D.lookingover
問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)
A.behind
B.out
C.off
D.away
問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)
A.over
B.on
C.under
D.beyond
問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)
A.topaying
B.paying
C.pay
D.tohavepaid
問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)
A.isbeing
B.are
C.havebeen
D.is
問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)
A.knowing
B.toknow
C.theyknow
D.know
問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)
A.in
B.with
C.on
D.for
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:A
第3題:C
第4題:D
第5題:C
第6題:C
第7題:A
第8題:A
第9題:C
第10題:B
第11題:A
第12題:C
第13題:B
第14題:A
第15題:A
【解析】31.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)compress“壓縮,壓緊”,指把某物擠在一起或擠進(jìn)一個(gè)更小的空間;B項(xiàng)impress“給……留下深刻印象,使意識(shí)到”,beimpressedby表示“被……所感動(dòng);被……給予深刻印象”;C項(xiàng)obsess“使癡迷,使迷戀”,beobsessedby表示“使煩擾,被(恐懼等)纏住”;D項(xiàng)repress“抑制,鎮(zhèn)壓(叛亂等)”。根據(jù)空格后的thehighqualityofmedicine(高質(zhì)量的藥品),結(jié)合主語(yǔ)為mostpeople(大多數(shù)人)可知,A、D項(xiàng)可排除;結(jié)合常識(shí),大多數(shù)人不可能是被高質(zhì)量藥品所煩擾,所以C項(xiàng)排除,只有B項(xiàng)符合。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)。
32.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)available“可獲得的,可購(gòu)得的,可找到的”,B項(xiàng)attainable“可達(dá)到的”,C項(xiàng)achievable“可完成的,可有成就的”,D項(xiàng)amenable“有責(zé)任的,順從的,服從的”。根據(jù)空格后面的to可知,空格處需要填入一個(gè)和to搭配的詞語(yǔ),B、C項(xiàng)不能和to搭配,因此排除;D項(xiàng)amendableto表示“聽(tīng)從”,而“藥物不可能是聽(tīng)從大多數(shù)美國(guó)人”,所以D項(xiàng)排除;只有A項(xiàng)符合,availableto表示“可用的,可獲得的”。句意:眾所周知,美國(guó)大多數(shù)民眾都服用的高品質(zhì)的醫(yī)藥。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)。
33.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)extension“拓展,延伸”,B項(xiàng)retention“保留,扣留,滯留”,C項(xiàng)attention“注意力,關(guān)心”,D項(xiàng)exertion“發(fā)揮,運(yùn)用,努力”。根據(jù)空格后面的theindividual(個(gè)人),結(jié)合選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容可知,填入attention符合,attentionto表示“對(duì)……的注意”。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)。
34.【試題答案】D
【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)countless“無(wú)數(shù)的,數(shù)不盡的”,B項(xiàng)titanic“巨大的,極重要的”,C項(xiàng)broad“寬的,遼闊的”一般用于表示距離的量度或者表示涉及各種各樣的人(或事物);D項(xiàng)vast“廣闊的,巨大的,大量的”,指面積、大小、數(shù)量等都非常大。根據(jù)后面的amountof可知,該處表示“大量的”,而能與表述數(shù)量的amount搭配的只有D項(xiàng),avastamountof表示“大量的”。因此,該題選擇D項(xiàng)。
35.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)intensive“加強(qiáng)的,集中的”,B項(xiàng)absorbed“被吸收的,一心一意的”,C項(xiàng)intense“很大的,十分強(qiáng)烈的”,D項(xiàng)concentrated“集中的,濃縮的”。根據(jù)所修飾的名詞effort(努力),結(jié)合選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容可知,只有C項(xiàng)符合,表示“很大的努力”。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)。
36.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)runinto“偶然遇見(jiàn),陷入,撞上”,B項(xiàng)encounter“遭遇(尤指令人不快或困難的事),邂逅,偶然碰到”,C項(xiàng)face“面對(duì),面向”,D項(xiàng)defy“藐視,公然反抗,挑釁”。根據(jù)空格后面的inthecourts(在法院)可知,A、B項(xiàng)可排除;而D項(xiàng)代入進(jìn)去不符合語(yǔ)境,只有C項(xiàng)正確。句意:有很多的專業(yè)化,對(duì)個(gè)人大量的關(guān)注,大量的先進(jìn)技術(shù)設(shè)備和很大的努力去不犯錯(cuò)誤,即由于財(cái)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的事情處理不好,醫(yī)生和醫(yī)院必須對(duì)峙法庭的錯(cuò)誤。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)。
37.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格處缺少一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是theway,因此關(guān)系代詞可以用that或者inwhich,C、D項(xiàng)排除;而空格前面有介詞in,所以只用能which。句意:?jiǎn)栴}在于衛(wèi)生保健的組織和籌資方式。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)。
38.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)contrary“相反的,對(duì)立的”,contraryto表示“與……相反”;B項(xiàng)opposedto“反對(duì)”;C項(xiàng)averse“反對(duì)的,不愿意的”,averseto表示“反對(duì),不樂(lè)意”;D項(xiàng)objected“反對(duì),拒絕”。根據(jù)后面的to可知,空格處需要填入一個(gè)和to搭配的詞語(yǔ),B選項(xiàng)已經(jīng)有to可排除,C、D選項(xiàng)都不可用于句首,故排除。只有A項(xiàng)符合。句意:與公眾的看法相反,它不僅僅是一個(gè)自由競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的體系。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)。
39.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)lookfor“尋找”,B項(xiàng)lookinto“調(diào)查,觀察,窺視”,C項(xiàng)lookafter“照顧,關(guān)心”,D項(xiàng)lookover“檢查,察看”。根據(jù)privatecare(民營(yíng)機(jī)構(gòu))和thelessfortunateandtheelderly(窮人和老人)可知,“照顧”符合邏輯。句意:民營(yíng)機(jī)構(gòu)不照顧窮人和老人,可見(jiàn)民營(yíng)體制已經(jīng)融入進(jìn)一個(gè)大型的公共體制。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)。
40.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】考查固定搭配和上下文語(yǔ)義。A項(xiàng)behind“在……的后面”,leftbehind表示“遺留,留下”;B項(xiàng)out“除去,出局”,leftout表示“忽視,不考慮”;C項(xiàng)off“離開(kāi),脫掉,結(jié)束”,leftoff表示“停止,中斷,戒除(習(xí)慣)”D項(xiàng)away“離去,在遠(yuǎn)處”,leftaway表示“離開(kāi)”。上一句提到“民營(yíng)機(jī)構(gòu)不照顧窮人和老人”,接著這句就說(shuō)到“即使有一個(gè)將消耗845億美元,超過(guò)美國(guó)預(yù)算的10%的龐大的公共系統(tǒng),仍有大量美國(guó)人被______”,由此可知這里應(yīng)該表示“被遺忘,被排除在外”,只有B項(xiàng)符合。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)。
41.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】考查介詞辨析。A項(xiàng)over“在……上面,關(guān)于”,B項(xiàng)on“在……之上”,C項(xiàng)under“在……之下”,D項(xiàng)beyond“超過(guò)”。由centralcontrol(中央控制)和thehealthsystem(衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng))可知,填入“關(guān)于”符合邏輯。句意:然而,基本問(wèn)題是關(guān)于衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)沒(méi)有中央控制。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)。
42.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法。當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)部分含有動(dòng)詞do的某種形式,而且主語(yǔ)具有“唯一、全部”的概念時(shí),作表語(yǔ)的不定式可以省略to。這個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)部分是alltheunfortunatepersonconcernedcando,且主語(yǔ)表示“全部”,所以后面跟topayup,to可以省略,C項(xiàng)正確。句意:當(dāng)遇到牙痛、孩子生病或心臟病發(fā)作時(shí),這些不幸的人所能做的就是付錢。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)。
43.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】考查單復(fù)數(shù)。Population是不可數(shù)名詞,但是如果說(shuō)的是“部分人口”或“大部分人口”等,population做主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。這里的主語(yǔ)是Two-thirdsofthepopulation(三分之二的人口),為部分人口,所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不能用單數(shù),A、D項(xiàng)排除。而且這個(gè)句子并沒(méi)有時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志,所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)即可,B項(xiàng)符合。句意:醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)覆蓋了三分之二的人口。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)。
44.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句子可知,該句子主謂完整,且一個(gè)句子中里不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ),所以空格處是要填入一個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,C、D項(xiàng)可以排除;B項(xiàng)是動(dòng)詞不定式表目的或是將來(lái),放在句中不符合語(yǔ)境,故只有A項(xiàng)符合。句意:醫(yī)生們希望保險(xiǎn)公司能支付醫(yī)藥費(fèi),所以他們會(huì)盡可能多的收費(fèi)。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)。
45.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】考查固定搭配。根據(jù)空格后面的general可知,ingeneral固定搭配,表示“通常,總之”。句意:1981年,該國(guó)的醫(yī)療費(fèi)用攀升了15.9%,大約是總體價(jià)格上漲速度的兩倍。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)。
15.翻譯題
1999年,中國(guó)開(kāi)始進(jìn)入老齡化社會(huì)。2004年年底,60歲以上的人口達(dá)到1.43億,占全國(guó)人口總數(shù)的10.97%。至此,中國(guó)成為世界上擁有最多老齡人口的國(guó)家。有專家說(shuō)1990年到2033年是中國(guó)的“人口紅利”(populationbonus)期,出生率下降,老齡人口還不算太多,這一時(shí)期是有助于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的。
2010年到2013年中國(guó)勞動(dòng)力人口將達(dá)到9億人,在這之后“紅利”會(huì)變成“赤字”,也就是說(shuō),這以后需要照顧的老齡人口會(huì)迅速增加。據(jù)說(shuō)2030年后的二十年是中國(guó)老齡化最嚴(yán)峻的時(shí)期。因此,要做好充分準(zhǔn)備,好好利用人口紅利期來(lái)解決嚴(yán)重的老齡化問(wèn)題。
有報(bào)告稱,中國(guó)是典型的成為富裕國(guó)家前就面臨老齡化社會(huì)的國(guó)家。這是長(zhǎng)期的問(wèn)題,也需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能解決。中國(guó)一直堅(jiān)持計(jì)劃生育政策,人口增長(zhǎng)的趨勢(shì)得到了有效的控制。據(jù)估計(jì),中國(guó)到2030年的總?cè)丝趯⑦_(dá)到14.65億,屆時(shí)會(huì)面臨老齡化和人口出生率下降兩大壓力,這也一定會(huì)給國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展帶來(lái)巨大的壓力。
這份報(bào)告還指出,中國(guó)在解決老齡化問(wèn)題的意識(shí)、條件及法規(guī)上都嚴(yán)重滯后,因此,必須把這個(gè)問(wèn)題的解決納人到未來(lái)國(guó)家發(fā)展策略中。我們要及早關(guān)注老齡化人口的醫(yī)療資源,完善社會(huì)保障體系。在老齡人口達(dá)到頂峰前,建立一個(gè)健全的國(guó)家性社會(huì)保障機(jī)制。
【答案】Since1999,Chinahasenteredintoasituationoftheagingsociety.Therewillbe143millionChineseaged60orover,accountingfor10.97percentofthepopulationtotheendof2004.Atthispoint,ChinabecamethecountrywhohavethelargestnumberofAgingpopulation.SomeexpertssaythatitisChina’spopulationbonusbetween1990and2033whenbirthrateisdecreasedandthenumberofoldpeopleisnottoomuch,whichhelpstodeveloptheeconomies.
Thetotalworkingagepopulationwillreach900millionfrom2010to2013.Afterthat,the“populationbonus”willturn“demographicdeficit”,whichmeansthatcaringfortheincreasingnumberofelderlypeoplewillgrowsrapidly.ItissaidthattheworstofthecrisisforChina’sagingpopulationhitthetwentyyearsafter2030.Therefore,weshouldbewellpreparedsoastodealwiththeseriousproblemofagednessbymakingfulluseofpopulationdividend.
Chinaisthetypicalcountryfacingtheagingpopulationbeforebeingrichoneaccordingtoareport.It’sgoingtobeaperennialproblemandcouldtakealongtimetoresolve.Chinahasstucktoitsfamily-planningpolicytoefficientlycontrolthetendencyofincreasingpopulation.ItisestimatedthatChina’stotalpopulationwillreach1.465billionin2030whenthegovernmentwouldfaceanagingpopulationandadecreasedbirthrate,whichwillalsoblockthedevelopmentofeconomyandsociety.
Thereportalsopointsoutthatforchinathereareseriouslagsintheconsciousness,therealityofconditionsandtherelevantregulationsaboutagingpopulation,andthusweshouldputitintotheoverallnationaldevelopmentstrategiclayout.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontothemedicalresourcesontheagingpopulationsasearlyaspossible,improvethesocialsafetynet,andsetuptheall-sidedguaranteeingsystembeforetheagingpopulationreachesthepeak.
16.單選題
Hetriedtohidehis(
)patchbysweepinghishairovertooneside.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.barren
B.bald
C.bare
D.bleak
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容詞辨析barren貧瘠的;bald禿頭的,赤裸裸的;bare空的,赤裸的;bleak暗淡的,昏暗的。句意:他試圖把頭發(fā)梳到一邊來(lái)掩蓋他的禿頂。答案B
17.單選題
Peopleinnately()forsuperiorityovertheirpeersalthoughitsometimestakestheformofanexaggeratedlustforpower.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.strive
B.ascertain
C.justify
D.adhere
【答案】A
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。A選項(xiàng)“為……奮斗,爭(zhēng)取……”;B選項(xiàng)“確定,探知”;C選項(xiàng)“證明……是正當(dāng)?shù)摹保籇選項(xiàng)“堅(jiān)持……”,句意為:人們天生()比同齡人優(yōu)越,盡管有時(shí)表現(xiàn)為夸張的權(quán)力欲。本句表示“人們天生就想爭(zhēng)取比同齡人優(yōu)越”,因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。
18.翻譯題
30多年來(lái),外商直接投資的引入不僅帶來(lái)了資金,更帶來(lái)了先進(jìn)的技術(shù)設(shè)備、管理和經(jīng)營(yíng)理念,有力地促進(jìn)了中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)制度、技術(shù)和管理創(chuàng)新。正因如此,我們?cè)诮衲?月公開(kāi)征求意見(jiàn),對(duì)“自主創(chuàng)新”產(chǎn)品的認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行了調(diào)整,上述結(jié)果說(shuō)明,所有外國(guó)企業(yè)都得到了一視同仁的對(duì)待,他們的產(chǎn)品被視為“中國(guó)制造”,和中國(guó)企業(yè)的產(chǎn)品適用同樣的原產(chǎn)地規(guī)則。自從加入世界貿(mào)易組織以來(lái),中國(guó)不斷降低外資準(zhǔn)入門檻。1997年以來(lái),我們4次修訂《外商投資產(chǎn)業(yè)指導(dǎo)目錄》。
(參考詞匯:self-dependentinnovative:consultation;rulesoforigin;entrythreshold)
【答案】
Overthelastthreedecades,foreigndirectinvestmenthasbroughtcapital,advancedtechnologiesandbusinessknow-howtoChina.WeunderstandthatFDIfostersinnovation.Thatiswhy,inApril,weheldapublicconsultationtoreviewthecriteriaweusetoaccredit“self-dependentinnovativeproducts”.Theresultsemphasizedthatallforeignenterprisesaregivenequaltreatmentandthatalltheirproductsareconsideredtobe“madeinChina”,whilethesamerulesoforiginareappliedtothemastoChineseproducts.SincejoiningtheWorldTradeOrganization,Chinahascontinuallyloweredtheentrythresholdforforeigninvestment.Since1997,wehaverevisedtheCatalogueofIndustriesforForeignInvestmentGuidancefourtimes.
19.單選題
ItisthehighhumiditythatmakesLondonwinterssochilly,(
).
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.notthelowtemperatures
B.notlownessoftemperatures
C.sincelowtemperaturesarenotaspresent
D.notthatitstemperaturesarebeinglow
【答案】A
【解析】語(yǔ)法題。這是個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句,題目強(qiáng)調(diào)的是highhumidity,并且需填入的部分與thehighhumidity是并列成分,根據(jù)句意‘使倫敦的冬季如此之冷的是高濕度而不是低氣溫’確定A選項(xiàng)正確。
20.單選題
HerwrittenEnglishwaswonderful,andshehada(n)()vocabularyforafreshman.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.credulous
B.incredulous
C.credible
D.incredible
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。credulous"輕信的,易受騙的";incredulous"懷疑的,不輕信的";credible"可信的,可靠的";incredible"不可思議的,難以置信的"。句意:她的書面英語(yǔ)非常棒,而且對(duì)于一個(gè)大一新生來(lái)說(shuō),她的詞匯量驚人。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。
21.單選題
Insurancecompaniesprovideaservicetothecommunitybyprotectingitagainstexpectedandunexpecteddisasters.Beforeaninsurancecompanywillagreetoinsureanything,itcollectsaccuratefiguresabouttherisk.Itknows,forexample,thattheriskofamanbeingkilledinaplaneaccidentislessthantheriskhetakesincrossingabusyroad.Thisenablesittoquote(報(bào)價(jià))lowfiguresfortravelinsurance.Sometimestheriskmaybehigh,asinmotor-racingormountaineering.Thenthecompanychargesamuchhigherprice.Iftoomanyclimbershaveaccidents,thepricerisesstillfurther.Ifthemajorityofclimbersfalloffmountains,thecompanywillrefusetoinsurethem.
Anordinaryhouseholdermaywishtoprotecthishomeagainstfireorhispropertyagainstburglary.Ashop-keepermaywishtoinsureagainsttheft.Innormalcases,thecompanywillcheckitsstatisticsandquoteapremium(保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)).Ifitissuspicious,itmayrefusetoquote.Ifitinsuresashopandthenreceivesasuspiciousclaim,itwillinvestigatetheclaimasameansofprotectingitselfagainstfalseclaims.Itisnotunknownforabusinessmanindebttoburndownhisownpremises(房產(chǎn))sothathecanclaimmuchmoneyfromhisinsurancecompany.Hecanbesurethatthefirewillbeinvestigatedmostcarefully.Insurancecompaniesalsoacceptinsuranceagainstshipwreckordisasterintheair.Planesandshipsareveryexpensive,soalargepremiumischarged,butareductionisgiventocompanieswithanaccident-freerecord.
Everyweekinsurancecompaniesreceivepremiumpaymentsfromcustomers.Thesepaymentscanformaverylargetotalrunningintomillionsofdollars.Thecompanydoesnotleavethemoneyinthebank.Itinvestsinproperty,shares,farmsandevenantiquepaintingsandstamps.Itsaimistoobtainthebestpossiblereturnonitsinvestment.Thisisnotasgreedyasitmayseem,sincethisisonewaybywhichitcankeepitspremiumsdownandcontinuetomakeaprofitwhilebeingofservicetothecommunity.
1.Accordingtothefirstparagraphinthepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?
2.Theword“quote”(Line3,Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans().
3.Fromthepassage,weknowthatifaccidentswillhappenninetimesoutoftenormore,theinsurancecompanywill().
4.Accordingtothepassage,ifanairplanehasanaccident-freerecord,itusuallypaystotheinsurancecompany().
5.WhichofthefollowingwilltheinsurancecompanyNOTprovideinsuranceservicefor?
6.Howdoinsurancecompaniesmakeprofit?
7.Themainideaofthelastparagraphis().
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.Apassengerbyairwilltakelessriskofbeingkilledthanamancrossingabusyroad.
B.Apassengerbyairwilltakegreaterriskofbeingkilledthanamancrossingabusyroad.
C.Apassengerbyairwillhavetopaymoretotheinsurancecompanythanamountainclimber.
D.Amotoristshouldpaythehighestpricetotheinsurancecompany.
問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)
A.receive
B.accept
C.take
D.offer
問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)
A.giveamuchhigherprice
B.quotethehighestprice
C.notprovideinsuranceservice
D.chargealowerpremium
問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)
A.alargepremium
B.lesspremium
C.nopremium
D.thesamepremiumastheothercompanies
問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)
A.Mountaineers.
B.Ordinaryhouseholders.
C.Airlineswithanaccidentfreerecord.
D.Shopkeeperswithsuspiciousstatisticalrecords.
問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)
A.Byreceivingpremiumpaymentsfromcustomers.
B.Bychargingcommissiontocustomers.
C.Byinvestinginsomeindustriesandproducts.
D.Byprovidingservices.
問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)
A.thattheinsurancecompanyisgreedyofprofit
B.thattheinsurancecompanymakeslargesumofmoneyeveryweek
C.thattheinsurancecompanymakesagreatprofitbyinvestingitsmoneyindifferentitem
D.toshowtheinsurancecompanymakesuseofitsincomeandthereasonwhyitshoulddoso
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:D
第3題:C
第4題:B
第5題:D
第6題:C
第7題:D
【解析】1.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:一名空中乘客被殺害的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)小于橫穿交通繁忙的馬路的行人。B:乘飛機(jī)的乘客比穿越繁忙道路的人面臨更大的死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。第一段指出:Itknows,forexample,thattheriskofamanbeingkilledinaplaneaccidentislessthantheriskhetakesincrossingabusyroad.(例如,它知道一個(gè)人在飛機(jī)事故中喪生的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)要小于他穿過(guò)一條繁忙的馬路所冒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn))。因此A項(xiàng)正確,B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。C:一名空中乘客必須比一名爬山者向保險(xiǎn)公司支付更高的保費(fèi)。第一段指出:Sometimestheriskmaybehigh,asinmotor-racingormountaineering(有時(shí)候,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可能很高,就像在賽車或登山運(yùn)動(dòng)中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn))。由此可知,賽車或登山運(yùn)動(dòng)中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比前面提到的空中遇難要高,C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。D:賽車手應(yīng)該向保險(xiǎn)公司支付最高的保費(fèi)。文章并未提及此項(xiàng)。因此本題選A。
2.【試題解析】詞義題。對(duì)于“quote”的理解可參考此句:Innormalcases,thecompanywillcheckitsstatisticsandquoteapremium(保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)).Ifitissuspicious,itmayrefusetoquote.(通常,保險(xiǎn)公司會(huì)檢查它的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)并給出保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)的……如果情況可疑,它可能會(huì)拒絕報(bào)價(jià))。由此可知,“quote”表示“開(kāi)價(jià),報(bào)價(jià)”,故選D。
3.【試題解析】判斷推理題。第一段指出:Sometimestheriskmaybehigh,asinmotor-racingormountaineering.Thenthecompanychargesamuchhigherprice.Iftoomanyclimbershaveaccidents,thepricerisesstillfurther.Ifthemajorityofclimbersfalloffmountains,thecompanywillrefusetoinsurethem.(有時(shí)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可能很高,比如賽車或登山。然后公司會(huì)收取更高的價(jià)格。如果太多登山者發(fā)生事故,價(jià)格就會(huì)進(jìn)一步上漲。如果大多數(shù)登山者從山上摔下來(lái),公司將拒絕為他們投保)。由此可知,如果事故發(fā)生率為十分之九或更高,保險(xiǎn)公司將拒保,故選C項(xiàng)“不提供保險(xiǎn)服務(wù)”。
4.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段最后一句指出:Planesandshipsareveryexpensive,soalargepremiumischarged,butareductionisgiventocompanieswithanaccident-freerecord.(飛機(jī)和船舶非常昂貴,所以保費(fèi)也很高,但是如果受保公司沒(méi)有事故記錄,保險(xiǎn)公司將減少保費(fèi))。由此可知,如果航空公司沒(méi)有事故記錄,它通常會(huì)向保險(xiǎn)公司支付較低的保費(fèi),因此B項(xiàng)正確。
5.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:Ashop-keepermaywishtoinsureagainsttheft.Innormalcases,thecompanywillcheckitsstatisticsandquoteapremium(保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)).Ifitissuspicious,itmayrefusetoquote.(店主可能希望投保防盜險(xiǎn)。一般情況下,公司會(huì)對(duì)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行核對(duì),然后追加報(bào)價(jià)。如有可疑情況,公司可能會(huì)拒絕報(bào)價(jià))。
6.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。最后一段指出:Itinvestsinproperty,shares,farmsandevenantiquepaintingsandstamps.Itsaimistoobtainthebestpossiblereturnonitsinvestment.Thisisnotasgreedyasitmayseem,sincethisisonewaybywhichitcankeepitspremiumsdownandcontinuetomakeaprofitwhilebeingofservicetothecommunity.(它投資于房地產(chǎn)、股票、農(nóng)場(chǎng),甚至古董繪畫和郵票。它的目的是獲得最好的投資回報(bào)。這并不像看起來(lái)那么貪婪,因?yàn)檫@是一種方法,使保險(xiǎn)公司能夠降低保費(fèi)為投保對(duì)象提供服務(wù)的同時(shí)繼續(xù)盈利)。由此可知,C項(xiàng)“通過(guò)投資一些行業(yè)和產(chǎn)品”正確。
7.【試題解析】主旨大意題。最后一段主要講的是保險(xiǎn)公司如何利用收取的保費(fèi)進(jìn)行投資、降低保費(fèi)繼續(xù)盈利進(jìn)而造福社會(huì),因此D項(xiàng)“說(shuō)明保險(xiǎn)公司利用其收入和為什么這么做的原因”比較符合最后一段大意。
22.單選題
It’sour______ifthecarisdamaged,wemustpay.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.capacity
B.capability
C.cavity
D.liability
【答案】D
【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)capacity“能力,容量”,B項(xiàng)capability“才能”,C項(xiàng)cavity“腔,洞,凹處”,D項(xiàng)liability“責(zé)任,債務(wù)”。根據(jù)句子后半部分的意思“如果汽車損壞了,我們必須賠償”可知,空格處填入“責(zé)任”符合句意。句意:汽車損壞是我們的責(zé)任,我們必須賠償。因此,該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。
23.單選題
“TheLastSupper”iswidelyregardedasLeonardodaVinci’s().
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.mouthpiece
B.mastermind
C.masterpiece
D.mastery
【答案】C
【解析】考查名詞辨析。mouthpiece“代言人”;mastermind“優(yōu)秀策劃者,幕后操縱者”;masterpiece“杰作”;mastery“精通,掌握”。根據(jù)句意:《最后的晚餐》被廣泛認(rèn)為是達(dá)?芬奇的杰作。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。
24.單選題
RogerRosenblatt’sbookBlackFiction,inattemptingtoapplyliteraryratherthansociopoliticalcriteria
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