考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京化工大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京化工大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

AsFordMotor’sboardofdirectorsgatheredtoholditsquarterlymeetingThursday,speculationwasgrowingthattheworld’sNO.2automakerwaspreparedtoacquiretheautomotiveoperationsofSweden’sVolvo.1.MergerspeculationthathasbeenwidespreadthroughouttheindustryformonthshasfocusedonapossibleVolvo-FordlinkupsinceareportlastweekthatVolvohadhiredaWallStreetinvestmentbanktoexploreapossiblesale.

Ford’sboardmeetingwastobeheldinDearborn,theDetroitsuburbwhereFordisheadquartered.ChiefspokesmanVaughnKoshkariandeclinedtocommentontheagendaortheVolvorumors.PresidentJacNasser,speakingatanindustryconferenceTuesdaynight,alsodeclinedtosaywhereFordwasnegotiatingwithVolvo.ButNasseragainsaidFordwasopentousingitsmorethan$20billioncashreservetoexpandthecompany’sglobalreach.

2.Lastyear’sacquisitionofChryslerbyDaimler-Benzledtoaflurryoftalksamongautomakerslookingtostrengthentheirpositioninanindustrybesetwithtoomuchproductioncapacityworldwide.Theconventionalwisdomisthatsmallerautomakerswillbeill-equippedtocompeteinthe21stcenturyastheindustrybecomesdominatedbyseveralinternationalautomakers.

Volvo,oneoftheworld’ssmallerautomakers,produceslessthan500,000vehiclesannually.Lastyearitsold100,227carsintheUnitedStates,oneofitslargestmarkets.3.Fordreportedlyhasbeencourtingdebt-ladenNissanMotoraswell,andturneddownanofferlastmonthfora20%shareintheJapaneseautomaker.FordalsolostinbiddinglatelastyearforfinanciallytroubledKiaMotorsofKorea.

4.AnalystssayFordandVolvoareabetterfit.“TheVolvothingismorepracticalthananythingelse,”saidanalystDavidHealyofBurnhamSecurities.“Ford,whichisbecominggoodatcost-effectivelydevelopingavarietyofverydifferentcarswiththesamebasicchassisandmajorparts,couldhelpVolvoexpanditsproductline,”Girskysaid.5.“IfyoucouldbringoutsmallercarsundertheVolvebrand,youcouldcommandapremiumprice,”hesaid,“FordhassimilarlyexpandedJaguar’svehiclelinesinceitboughttheBritishLuxuryautomakerin1989.”

【答案】1.幾個(gè)月來(lái)業(yè)內(nèi)一直存在關(guān)于公司合并的猜測(cè)，自從上周有報(bào)道稱，沃爾沃（Volvo）聘請(qǐng)了華爾街一家投資銀行來(lái)探討出售沃爾沃的可能性以來(lái)，這種猜測(cè)集中在沃爾沃可能與福特（Ford）合并。

2.去年戴姆勒-奔馳（Daimler-Benz）收購(gòu)克萊斯勒（Chrysler）的事件，引發(fā)了汽車制造商之間的一連串的談判，這些制造商希望加強(qiáng)自己在這個(gè)全球產(chǎn)能過(guò)剩的行業(yè)中的地位。

3.據(jù)報(bào)道，福特也一直在向負(fù)債累累的日產(chǎn)汽車（NissanMotor）示好，并且上個(gè)月拒絕了收購(gòu)這家日本汽車公司20%股份的要約。

4.分析人士表示福特跟沃爾沃更合適。伯納姆證券公司的分析師DavidHealy說(shuō)“跟沃爾沃的這件事比其他任何事情都更實(shí)際?！?/p>

5.“如果你（福特）能推出沃爾沃品牌下的小型車，你就能獲得更高的價(jià)格，”他說(shuō)，“福特1989年收購(gòu)了英國(guó)豪華汽車制造商捷豹（Jaguar）后，同樣也擴(kuò)大了捷豹的產(chǎn)品線?！?/p>

2.單選題

Shecutherhairshortandtriedto____herselfasaman.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.decorate

B.disguise

C.fabricate

D.fake

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.decorate裝飾；裝潢B.disguise假扮；裝扮；偽裝

C.fabricate編造；捏造D.fake偽造；冒充

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：她把頭發(fā)剪短，試圖……成男人。根據(jù)句意，她把頭發(fā)剪短目的是偽裝成男人的樣子。因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)decorate“裝飾；裝潢”，不符合語(yǔ)境；

C選項(xiàng)fabricate“編造；捏造”，指捏造虛假信息以欺騙他人，題目中指的是改變?cè)煨投皇悄笤焯摷傩畔ⅲ?/p>

D選項(xiàng)fake“偽造；冒充”，指使假的看起來(lái)是真的，尤指為了欺騙某人，題目說(shuō)的是女人把頭發(fā)剪短假扮男人，并不是使假的看起來(lái)是真的，且這里不存在欺騙的意思，因此該選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境。

【句意】她把頭發(fā)剪短，試圖化裝成男人。

3.單選題

Oncealighthouseisbuilt,noshipofanynationalitycanbeeffectively（）fromtheutilizationofthelighthousefornavigationalpurposes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.isolated

B.dismissed

C.distracted

D.excluded

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)isolated“孤立”；B選項(xiàng)dismissed“解散”；C選項(xiàng)distracted“分心”；D選項(xiàng)excluded“排除”。句意：燈塔一旦建成，任何國(guó)籍的船舶都可以有效地利用它來(lái)航行。本句表示沒(méi)有船舶會(huì)被排除在外，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Thehealth-careeconomyisrepletewithunusualandevenuniqueeconomicrelationships.Oneoftheleastunderstoodinvolvesthepeculiarrolesofproduceror"provider"andpurchaseror"consumer"inthetypicaldoctor-patientrelationship.Inmostsectorsoftheeconomy,itisthesellerwhoattemptstoattractapotentialbuyerwithvariousinducementsofprice,quality,andutility,anditisthebuyerwhomakesthedecision.Wherecircumstancespermitthebuyernochoicebecausethereiseffectivelyonlyonesellerandtheproductisrelativelyessential,governmentusuallyassertsmonopolyandplacestheindustryunderpriceandotherregulations.Neitheroftheseconditionsprevailsinmostofthehealth-careindustry.

Inthehealth-careindustry,thedoctor-patientrelationshipisthemirrorimageoftheordinaryrelationshipbetweenproducerandconsumer.Onceanindividualhaschosentoseeaphysician一andeventhentheremaybenorealchoice—itisthephysicianwhousuallymakesallsignificantpurchasingdecisions:whetherthepatientshouldreturn“nextWednesday,”whetherX-raysareneeded,whetherdrugsshouldbeprescribed,etc.Itisarareandsophisticatedpatientwhowillchallengesuchprofessionaldecisionsorraiseinadvancequestionsaboutprice,especiallywhentheailmentisregardedasserious.

Thisisparticularlysignificantinrelationtohospitalcare.Thephysicianmustcertifytheneedforhospitalization,determinewhatprocedureswillbeperformed,andannouncewhenthepatientmaybedischarged.Thepatientmaybeconsultedaboutsomeofthesedecisions,butinthemainitisthedoctor’sjudgmentsthatarefinal.Littlewonderthenthatintheeyesofthehospitalitisthephysicianwhoisthereal“consumer”.Asaconsequence,themedicalstaffrepresentsthe"powercenter'*inhospitalpolicyanddecision-making,nottheadministration.

Althoughusuallythereareinthissituationfouridentifiableparticipants—thephysician,thehospital,thepatient,andthepayer(generallyaninsurancecarrierorgovernment)—thephysicianmakestheessentialdecisionsforallofthem.Thehospitalbecomesanextensionofthephysician;thepayergenerallymeetsmostofthebonafidebillsgeneratedbythephysician/hospital;andforthemostpartthepatientplaysapassiverole.Inroutineorminorillnesses,orjustplainworries,thepatient’soptionsare,ofcourse,muchgreaterwithrespecttouseandprice.Inillnessesthatareofsomesignificance,however,suchchoicestendtoevaporate,anditisfortheseillnessesthatthebulkofthehealth-caredollarisspent.Weestimatethatabout75-80percentofhealth-careexpendituresaredeterminedbyphysicians,notpatients.Forthisreason,economymeasuresdirectedatpatientsorthegeneralpublicisrelativelyineffective.

1.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeisto（

）.

2.Itcanbeinferredthatdoctorsareabletodeterminehospitalpoliciesbecause（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,whenadoctortellsapatientto"returnnextWednesday",thedoctorisineffect（

）.

4.Theauthorismostprobablyleadingupto（）.

5.Thetoneofthepassagecanbestbedescribedas（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.urgehospitalstoreclaimtheirdecision-makingauthority

B.criticizedoctorsforexercisingtoomuchcontroloverpatients

C.analyzesomeimportanteconomicfactorsinhealthcare

D.speculateabouttherelationshipbetweenapatient'sabilitytopayandthetreatmentreceived

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.itisdoctorswhogenerateincomeforthehospital

B.mostofapatient'sbillsarepaidbyhishealthinsurance

C.adoctorisultimatelyresponsibleforapatient’shealth

D.hospitaladministratorslacktheexpertisetoquestionmedicaldecisions

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.advisingthepatienttoseekasecondopinion

B.instructingthepatienttobuymoremedicalservices

C.takingadvantageofthepatient'sconcernforhishealth

D.warningthepatientthat.ahospitalstaymightbenecessary

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.aproposaltocontrolmedicalcosts

B.adiscussionofanewmedicaltreatment

C.ananalysisofthecausesofinflationintheUnitedStates

D.astudyoflawsuitsagainstdoctorsformalpractice

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.cautious

B.defiant

C.inquisitive

D.analytical

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.A項(xiàng)意為“為了敦促醫(yī)院收回他們的決策權(quán)力”；B項(xiàng)意為“批判醫(yī)生太多控制病人”；C項(xiàng)意為“為了分析在健康醫(yī)療中的一些重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)因素”；D項(xiàng)意為“猜測(cè)病人支付的能力和接受的治療之間的關(guān)系”。文章從第一段開(kāi)始引入經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系中的“提供者”與“消費(fèi)者”之間的關(guān)系，然后引出醫(yī)療健康中的醫(yī)患關(guān)系，到后面講述醫(yī)生在醫(yī)院的經(jīng)濟(jì)中擁有絕對(duì)的‘權(quán)利’；所以文章是分析了economicrelationship即醫(yī)患關(guān)系中的經(jīng)濟(jì)因素，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.由第二段中itisthephysicianwhousuallymakesallsignificantpurchasingdecisions:whetherthepatientshouldreturn“nextWednesdav，’’whetherX-raysareneeded,whetherdrugsshouldbeprescribed,etc.通常是由醫(yī)生來(lái)決定病人什么時(shí)候來(lái)復(fù)診、是否需要照X光以及需要哪種藥，而病人是無(wú)法也不會(huì)去質(zhì)疑醫(yī)生的決定的；再由第三段最后Asaconsequence,themedicalstaffrepresentsthe"powercenter"inhospitalpolicyanddecision-making,nottheadministration.因此，在醫(yī)院的政策和決策中，醫(yī)務(wù)人員代表的是“權(quán)力中心”，而不是行政部門。確定A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.A選項(xiàng)意為：建議病人尋找第二意見(jiàn)；B選項(xiàng)意為：指導(dǎo)病人買更多的醫(yī)療服務(wù)；C選項(xiàng)意為：利用病人對(duì)自己健康的關(guān)心；D選項(xiàng)意為：警告病人住院時(shí)很有必要的。文章從一開(kāi)始在分析醫(yī)患關(guān)系，提到醫(yī)生和病人之間的關(guān)系就是經(jīng)濟(jì)中的生產(chǎn)者與消費(fèi)者之間的關(guān)系的一個(gè)縮影，醫(yī)生在醫(yī)患關(guān)系中占主導(dǎo)地位，而醫(yī)生對(duì)于醫(yī)院的經(jīng)濟(jì)起到重要的作用，因此作者更傾向醫(yī)生這么做是為了讓病人花費(fèi)更多的錢來(lái)達(dá)到自己的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益，故應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)更符合作者的看法；此處C項(xiàng)是一個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)，不可否認(rèn)醫(yī)生也是為了病人的健康考慮所以會(huì)安排復(fù)診，但是作者在本文中更多的是揭露醫(yī)患之間的經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)選B。

4.題目的意思是：根據(jù)作者的說(shuō)法，當(dāng)醫(yī)生告訴病人“下周三再來(lái)”時(shí)，醫(yī)生實(shí)際是說(shuō)……A項(xiàng)意為“控制醫(yī)療成本的一項(xiàng)提議”；B項(xiàng)意為“對(duì)一種新的醫(yī)學(xué)治療的一次討論”C項(xiàng)意為“對(duì)美國(guó)通貨膨脹原因的分析”；D項(xiàng)意為“針對(duì)醫(yī)生的玩忽職守訴訟的研究”。文章主要是以醫(yī)患關(guān)系中醫(yī)生作為主導(dǎo)這一論點(diǎn)開(kāi)展的，在文章的最后也提到Weestimatethatabout75-80percentofhealth-careexpendituresaredeterminedbyphysicians,notpatients.Forthisreason,economymeasuresdirectedatpatientsorthegeneralpublicisrelativelyineffective.70-80%的醫(yī)療開(kāi)支都是由醫(yī)務(wù)人員決定的，而不是病人。正因?yàn)檫@個(gè)原因，針對(duì)病人或者大眾的經(jīng)濟(jì)措施是相對(duì)無(wú)效的。所以A選項(xiàng)“控制醫(yī)療成本的一項(xiàng)提議”正確。

5.A選項(xiàng)“謹(jǐn)慎的”；B選項(xiàng)“蔑視的"；C選項(xiàng)“好奇的”；D選項(xiàng)“分析的”。作者一開(kāi)始闡述了經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系中的兩大主體生產(chǎn)者和消費(fèi)者，然后進(jìn)一步提到了醫(yī)患關(guān)系是這一經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系的縮影，從而揭露出醫(yī)生在醫(yī)療經(jīng)濟(jì)中占有絕對(duì)的主導(dǎo)地位，最后再給予建議，因此這篇文章主要是針對(duì)社會(huì)現(xiàn)象的本質(zhì)的分析性文章，D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Thehelicopterisanincrediblyversatilemachine.Itcanfly,straightupordown,hoverlikeafly,andgoforwards,backwards,orsideways.Itthereforeneedsnolong,preparedrunwaylikeanormalairplanedoes.Itcanoperatefromaflatroofinthecityorfromaclearinginthejunglewithequalease.However,helicoptersarenowherenearasfastasnormalfixed-wingairplanesandhaveatopspeedofonlyabout200milesanhour.

Thehelicopterhasoftenbeencalledthe'flyingwindmill'becauseofthelong,rotatingblades,orrotor,ontopofitsbody.Thismainrotorservesasbothpropellerandwingstoprovidethethrusttodrivethehelicopteralongandthelifttoraiseitofftheground.Therotorbladeshavethesameaero-foilshapesasairplanewingsandpropellerstogeneratetherequiredliftandthrust.

Whenthemainrotorrotates,thebodyofthehelicopterlendstospinbyreactionintheoppositedirection.Tocounteractthiseffect,asmallrotorismountedsidewaysonthetail.Thethrustproducedbythistailrotorinnormalflightjustbalancestheturningtendencyofthehelicopterbodywhichthereforeremainssteady.Boththemainandthetailrotorsaredrivenbythehelicopterenginethroughthesamegearbox.Anotherwayofmaintainingstabilityintheairistohavetwinmainrotorswhicheachrotateinoppositedirections.Then,the"spinning"tendencyofonecancelsthatoftheother.

Movementofthehelicopterinadirection-forwards,backwards,sideways,upordown-isachievedsimplybyvaryingthepitchoftherotorblades.Thepitchistheangleatwhichthebladesslicethroughor'bite'theair.Toflystraightupwardsallthebladesaresetatthesamesharppitch.Inthispositiontheyachievemaximumlift.Todescend,thepitchofthebladesisreducedsothattheliftisinsufficienttosupportthehelicopter'sweight.

Thepilotadjuststhepitchforupordownmovementbymovingthecollective-pitchstick.Thisisalsolinkedtotheenginethrottlessothatmorepowerisappliedasthepitchincreases.Thisistoovercomethegreaterairresistancewiththesharperpitch.Conversely,theengineisthrottledbackwhenthepitchisreducedfordescentbecausethereislessairresistance.

Toflyforwards,thepitchoftherotorbladesisvariedastheyrotate.Forforwardmotion,thepitchismadeleastatthefrontandgraduallyincreasedastheblademovesbackwards.Thishastheeffectofsweepingtheairbackwards,andthereforepushingthehelicopterforwards.Thesamegoesforanyhorizontalmovement——thepitchismadeleastinthedesireddirectionoftravel.Thecyclic-pitchstickcontrolsthepitchoftherotorforhorizontalflight.

1.Fromthefirstparagraphwecaninferthat（）.

2.What'sthebasicfunctionofthemainrotorofahelicopter?

3.Themovementofthehelicopterinanydirectioniscontrolledby（）.

4.Toflyforwards,ahelicopterhasto（）.

5.Theword"descend"inline4ofparagraph4canbebestreplacedby（）.

6.Thephrase"Thisposition"inline4ofparagraph4refersto（）.

7.Whatisthemostappropriatetitleforthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.nothingisperfect

B.generallyspeaking,helicoptersarebetterthanotherairplanes

C.fixed-wingairplaneshaveatopspeedofabout200milesperhour

D.helicoptersarenotatallversatile

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Tocounteractthespinningofahelicopter.

B.Tomaintainstabilityintheair.

C.Torotateinoppositedirection.

D.Toproducetheforcetodriveitalongandthelifttoraiseitofftheground.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.asmallrotor

B.itstail

C.varyingthepitchoftherotorblades

D.counteractingmaximumlift

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.supportthehelicopter'sweight

B.sweeptheairbackwardsandpushthehelicopterforwards

C.belinkedtotheenginethrottle

D.slicethroughtheair

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.settle

B.come

C.godown

D.decrease

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A."Toflystraightupwards"

B."thesamesharppitch"

C."Thepitch"

D.''achievemaximumlift”

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.TheHelicopter

B.ThePitch

C.RotatingBlades

D.TheflyingHelicopter

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知,本段講述了直升機(jī)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn),也就是說(shuō)沒(méi)有什么是完美的。選項(xiàng)A最能概括本段。

2.根據(jù)第二段第二句“Thismainrotorservesasbothpropellerandwingstoprovidethethrusttodrivethehelicopteralongandthelifttoraiseitofftheground.”這個(gè)主旋翼既充當(dāng)螺旋槳又充當(dāng)機(jī)翼,提供推動(dòng)直升機(jī)前進(jìn)的推力,也提供使直升機(jī)離開(kāi)地面的升力。選項(xiàng)D與原文描述一致。

3.根據(jù)第四段的第一句“Movementofthehelicopterinadirection—forwards,backwards,sideways,upordown—isachievedsimplybyvaryingthepitchoftherotorblades.”選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.根據(jù)最后一段第三句“Thishastheeffectofsweepingtheairbackwards,andthereforepushingthehelicopterforwards.”為了向前飛行,直升機(jī)需要向后掃空氣。選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.根據(jù)原文句意：葉片的節(jié)距減小,使升力不足以支撐直升機(jī)的重量,這樣直升機(jī)就會(huì)下降,所以“descend”指的是下降,選項(xiàng)C正確。

6.根據(jù)原文句意：為了垂直向上飛行,所有的葉片都設(shè)置在相同的間距。在這個(gè)位置,他們達(dá)到最大的升力。由此可知,“thisposition”指的是上一句提及的相同的間距,選項(xiàng)B正確。

7.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要是講的直升機(jī)是如何運(yùn)作的,選項(xiàng)A最能概括全文。原文并沒(méi)有說(shuō)是飛行中的飛機(jī),所以選項(xiàng)D不正確。

6.單選題

Theawardceremonywillbethe______oftheinauguralSingaporeInternationalWaterWeekthatisheldfrom23to27June2008．

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.twilight

B.insight

C.highlight

D.highland

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。twilight“黃昏，薄暮”；insight“洞察力”；highlight“最精彩的部分”；highland“高地”。句意：屆新加坡國(guó)際水資源周于2008年6月23日至27日舉行，頒獎(jiǎng)儀式將是開(kāi)幕式上的亮點(diǎn)。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.單選題

Ifyouworkunderacarwhenrepairingit,youoftengetvery（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.waxy

B.slippery

C.sticky

D.greasy

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。waxy“蠟制的，柔軟的”；slippery“狡猾的，不穩(wěn)定的”；sticky“粘的，粘性的”；greasy“油膩的，油脂的，諂媚的”。句意：如果你在車底下修車，你通常會(huì)沾滿油脂。D項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.單選題

Soil（）isanaturalprocess.Itbecomesaproblemwhenhumanactivitycausesittooccurmuchfasterthanundernaturalconditions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.preservation

B.abrasion

C.erosion

D.eruption

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。preservation保留，保護(hù)；abrasion磨損，損耗；erosion腐蝕，侵蝕；eruption噴發(fā)，爆發(fā)。句意：土壤侵蝕是一個(gè)自然過(guò)程。當(dāng)人類活動(dòng)導(dǎo)致它比自然條件下發(fā)生得快得多時(shí)，這就成了一個(gè)問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

9.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingshortChinesepassageintoEnglish,whichshouldbewrittenonyourAnswerSheet.

人們常說(shuō)，做一名旅游者是“現(xiàn)代體驗(yàn)”的特征之一?！皬牟怀鲇巍本秃蜎](méi)有轎車或高級(jí)住宅一樣寒酸。在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中，旅行是一種地位的標(biāo)志，也被視為保持身體健康之必需。因此，旅游從業(yè)人員的任務(wù)就是根據(jù)旅游者的階層和總期望值來(lái)迎合他們的需要和興趣。

【答案】Ithasbeensaidthattobeatouristisoneofthecharacteristicsofthe“modernexperience”.Never“goingaway”islikenotpossessingacaroranicehouse.Travelisamarkerofstatusinmodernsocietiesandisalsothoughttobenecessaryforgoodhealth.Theroleoftheprofessional,therefore,istocaterfortheneedsandtastesofthetouristsinaccordancewiththeirclassandoverallexpectations.

10.單選題

Overathirdofthepopulationwasestimatedtohaveno（）tothehealthservice

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.assessment

B.access

C.assignment

D.exception

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組的固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)assessment表示“評(píng)定，估價(jià)”；B選項(xiàng)access表示“進(jìn)入，通道，機(jī)會(huì)”；C選項(xiàng)assignment表示“分配，任務(wù)”；D選項(xiàng)exception表示“例外，異議”。詞組haveaccessto可表示“使用，接近，可以利用”，其余3項(xiàng)不可與have構(gòu)成搭配。句意：估計(jì)有超過(guò)三分之一的人口沒(méi)有享受到醫(yī)療服務(wù)。因此本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

11.單選題

Incourt,theaccusedmanclaimedthathewasinnocent,sayingthathehadbeen（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.betrayed

B.deceived

C.framed

D.defrauded

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)betray“背叛，出賣，泄露”；B選項(xiàng)deceive“欺詐，欺騙”；C選項(xiàng)frame“誣陷，陷害，擬定”；D選項(xiàng)defraud“騙取，詐?。ā腻X財(cái)）”。由theaccusedmanclaimedthathewasinnocent（被告聲稱他是無(wú)辜的）可知C選項(xiàng)符合邏輯搭配。句意：在法庭上，被告聲稱他是無(wú)辜的，說(shuō)他是被陷害的。

12.單選題

Ittookthisdisabledboyalongtimeto（）thefactthathewasnotqualifiedforadmissiontocollege.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.comeupwith

B.comedownwith

C.comeupto

D.cometotermswith

【答案】D

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)comeupwith“提出、想出”；B選項(xiàng)comedownwith“染上病、付錢”；C選項(xiàng)comeupto“達(dá)到、符合”；D選項(xiàng)cometotermswith“妥協(xié)、屈服”，句意為：這個(gè)殘疾的男孩過(guò)了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才接受了他沒(méi)有資格上大學(xué)的事實(shí)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意，因此選D。

13.單選題

Inthe（）oftheprojectnotbeingasuccess,theinvestorsstandtoloseupto$30million.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.face

B.time

C.course

D.event

【答案】D

【解析】句意:如果項(xiàng)目不成功，投資者損失將高達(dá)3000萬(wàn)美元。

考查短語(yǔ)辨析。inthefaceof面對(duì);inthetimeof在時(shí)期；inthecourseof在……期間；在……過(guò)程中；intheeventof萬(wàn)一；如果。根據(jù)后面句意“投資者損失將高達(dá)3000萬(wàn)美元”可知D項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Atthenews,thedemonstratorswhohadputtheforeigngoodsunderaboycottforseveralmonthsprotestedbut（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tonaught

B.tonothing

C.tonoavail

D.tovoid

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:naught“無(wú)價(jià)值”；B:nothing“無(wú)”；C:noavail“無(wú)效”；D:void“空虛，空間”。句意：新聞中那些連續(xù)幾個(gè)月聯(lián)合抵制國(guó)外商品的示烕者一直在抗議，但是沒(méi)有用。結(jié)合詞義，C為正確答案。

15.翻譯題

1.東風(fēng)隨春歸，發(fā)我枝上花。

2.只要堅(jiān)持，夢(mèng)想總是可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的。

3.讓幾千萬(wàn)農(nóng)村貧困人口生活好起來(lái)，是我心中的牽掛。

4.世界那么大，問(wèn)題那么多，國(guó)際社會(huì)期待聽(tīng)到中國(guó)聲音、看到中國(guó)方案，中國(guó)不能缺席。

5.經(jīng)過(guò)全國(guó)各族人民共同努力，“十二五”規(guī)劃圓滿收官，廣大人民群眾有了更多獲得感。

【答案】1.【參考譯文】Thewarmeastwindfollowsthefootstepsofspringblowingtheearth,promptingtheflowersonthebranches.

2.【參考譯文】Aslongaswepersevere,dreamswillcometrue.

3.【參考譯文】Itismyconcerntomakethelivesoftensofmillionsofpoorpeopleinruralareasbetter.

4.【參考譯文】Theworldissobigandfacessomanyproblems.TheinternationalcommunityexpectstohearChina’svoiceandseeChina’ssolutions,soChinacannotbeabsent.

5.【參考譯文】Thankstothejointeffortsofthepeopleofallethnicgroupsacrossthecountry,the12thFive-YearPlanhasbeensuccessfullyconcluded,andthegeneralpublichasgainedagreatersenseofgain.

16.單選題

AspecialmemorialservicewillbeheldintheCathedraltothe（

）500thanniversaryofitsconstruction.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.note

B.illustrate

C.mark

D.remember

【答案】C

【解析】句意:為紀(jì)念大教堂建造500周年，一場(chǎng)特殊的紀(jì)念儀式將在里面被舉行。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Note注意,留意,指出;illustrate(用示例、圖畫(huà)等)說(shuō)明,解釋,表明…真實(shí);mark做記號(hào),做標(biāo)記,留下痕跡;remember回想起,記得,記起。分析題干可知此處表示“幾年500周年”,故選C。

17.寫(xiě)作題

Writeanessayinnolessthan200wordswiththetitle“MyUnderstandingofGlobalization”.

【答案】MyUnderstandingofGlobalization18.單選題

Somemineralsarequitecommon,othersareregionally（

）,andstillothersarerareontheearth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.attributed

B.distributed

C.contributed

D.scattered

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。attribute“認(rèn)為······是；把······歸于”；distribute“分配，散發(fā)”；contribute“貢獻(xiàn)”；scatter“分散，散開(kāi)”。句意：有些礦藏很常見(jiàn)，有些則是區(qū)域性分布，還有些是地球上罕見(jiàn)的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

19.單選題

Theplaneisaformoftransportationwhose（

）wetakeforgranted.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.convenience

B.construction

C.satisfaction

D.insurance

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)convenience“便利”；B選項(xiàng)construction“建設(shè)”；C選項(xiàng)satisfaction“滿足”；D選項(xiàng)insurance“保險(xiǎn)”。句意：飛機(jī)是一種我們認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然便利的交通工具。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

20.單選題

Ithoughtthechildren（）whenwereturnedhome,buttheywerestillawake.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hadbeensleeping

B.wouldsleep

C.wouldbesleeping

D.weresleeping

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句中雖然沒(méi)有明顯的虛擬條件句，但通過(guò)buttheywerestillawake可知，孩子們?cè)谡f(shuō)話人回到家時(shí)其實(shí)還沒(méi)睡，這種隱含式虛擬條件句一般轉(zhuǎn)化為if引導(dǎo)的條件句，主句用would+動(dòng)詞原形，而當(dāng)時(shí)判斷的是孩子們正在睡覺(jué)，因此本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

21.單選題

WhenStevenfinallyemergedfromthecaveafterthirtydays,everyonepresentwas（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.smuggled

B.startled

C.appealed

D.stabilized

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)smuggle“走私，偷運(yùn)”；B選項(xiàng)startle“使驚奇，使嚇一跳”；C選項(xiàng)appeal“呼吁”；D選項(xiàng)stabilize“使穩(wěn)固，使安定”。

句意：當(dāng)史蒂文30天后終于從山洞里出來(lái)時(shí)，在場(chǎng)的人都嚇了一跳。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

22.單選題

ConflicthadexistedbetweenSpainandEnglandsincethe1570s.EnglandwantedashareofthewealththatSpainhadbeentakingfromthelandsithadclaimedintheAmericas.ElizabethⅡ,QueenofEngland,encouragedherstaunchadmiralofthenavy,SirFrancisDrake,toraidSpanishshipsandtowns.Thoughtheseraidswereonasmallscale,Drakeachieveddramaticsuccess,addinggoldandsilvertoEngland’streasuryanddiminishingSpain’ssupremacy.Religiousdifferencesalsocausedconflictbetweenthetwocountries.WhereasSpainwasRomanCatholic,mostofEnglandhadbecomeProtestant.KingPhilipⅡofSpainwantedtoclaimthethroneandmakeEnglandaCatholiccountryagain.

TosatisfyhisambitionandalsotoretaliateagainstEngland’stheftofhisgoldandsilver,KingPhilipbegantobuildhisfleetofwarships,theSpanishArmada,inJanuary1586.Philipintendedhisfleettobeindestructible.Inadditiontobuildingnewwarships,hemarshaled130sailingvesselsofalltypesandrecruitedmorethan19,000robustsoldiersand8,000sailors.Althoughsomeofhisshipslackedgunsandotherslackedammunition,PhilipwasconvincedthathisAmadacouldwithstandanybattlewithEngland.

ThemartialArmadasetsailfromLisbon,Portugal,onMay9,1588,butbadweatherforceditbacktoport.ThevoyageresumedonJuly22aftertheweatherbecamemorestable.TheSpanishfeetmetthesmaller,faster,andmoremaneuverable.EnglishshipsinbattleoffthecoastofPlymouth,England,firstonJuly31andagainonAugust2.ThetwobattlesleftSpainvulnerable,havinglostseveralshipsandwithitsammunitiondepleted.OnAugust7,whiletheArmadalayatanchorontheFrenchsideoftheStraitofDover,EnglandsenteightburningshipsintothemidstoftheSpanishfleettosetitonfire.Blockedononeside,theSpanishshipscouldonlydriftawaytheircrewsinpanicanddisorder.BeforetheArmadacouldregroup,theEnglishattackedagainonAugust8.

AlthoughtheSpaniardsmadeavaliantefforttofightback,thefleetsufferedextensivedamage.Duringtheeighthoursofbattle,theArmadadriftedperilouslyclosetotherockycoastline.AtthemomentwhenitseemedthattheSpanishshipswouldbedrivenontotheEnglishshore,thewindshifted,andtheArmadadriftedoutintotheNorthSea.TheSpaniardsrecognizedthesuperiorityoftheEnglishfleetandreturnedhome,defeated.

1.SirFrancisDrakeaddedwealthtothetreasuryanddiminishedSpain’s________.

2.KingPhiliprecruitedmany________soldiersandsailors.

3.The________ArmadasetsailonMay9,1588.

4.ThetwobattleslefttheSpanishfleet________.

5.TheArmadawas________ononeside.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unlimitedpower

B.unrestrictedgrowth

C.territory

D.treaties

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.warlike

B.strong

C.accomplished

D.timid

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.complete

B.warlike

C.independent

D.isolated

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.opentochange

B.triumphant

C.opentoattack

D.defeated

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.closedoff

B.damaged

C.alone

D.circled

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段第四句Thoughtheseraidswereonasmallscale,Drakeachieveddramaticsuccess,addinggoldandsilvertoEngland’streasuryanddiminishingSpain’ssupremacy.（雖然這些突襲的規(guī)模很小，但是德雷克取得了引人注目的成功，為英格蘭國(guó)庫(kù)增加了黃金和白銀，削弱了西班牙的霸主地位。），supremacy的意思為“至高無(wú)上；最大權(quán)力；最高地位”，所以A選項(xiàng)“無(wú)限力量”正確。B選項(xiàng)“無(wú)限制的增長(zhǎng)”，C選項(xiàng)“領(lǐng)土”和D選項(xiàng)“條約”不符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第二句hemarshaled130sailingvesselsofalltypesandrecruitedmorethan19,000robustsoldiersand8,000sailors.（他指揮了130艘各類帆船，招募了19,000多名強(qiáng)壯的士兵和8,000多名水手。），robust的意思為“強(qiáng)壯的；強(qiáng)勁的”，在這里B選項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)壯的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“好戰(zhàn)的；軍事的”，C選項(xiàng)“技藝高超的”和D選項(xiàng)“膽小的”不符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句Althoughsomeofhisshipslackedgunsandotherslackedammunition,PhilipwasconvincedthathisAmadacouldwithstandanybattlewithEngland.（盡管他的一些船只缺少槍支和彈藥，但菲利普?qǐng)?jiān)信他的無(wú)敵艦隊(duì)可以抵抗任何與英國(guó)的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。），可知這支艦隊(duì)是用于軍事的，所以B選項(xiàng)“軍事的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“完整的”，C選項(xiàng)“獨(dú)立的”和D選項(xiàng)“孤立的”：根據(jù)第三段第一句ThemartialArmadasetsailfromLisbon,Portugal,onMay9,1588,butbadweatherforceditbacktoport.（1588年5月9日，“無(wú)敵艦隊(duì)”從葡萄牙里斯本起航，但惡劣的天氣迫使它返回港口。），這里沒(méi)有提到是否是整支艦隊(duì)參與行動(dòng)，并且這些參與行動(dòng)的船只一起行動(dòng)，并沒(méi)有獨(dú)立和孤立，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第四句ThetwobattlesleftSpainvulnerable,havinglostseveralshipsandwithitsammunitiondepleted.（這兩場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)役使西班牙變得脆弱不堪，損失了幾艘戰(zhàn)艦，也耗盡了彈藥。），vulnerable意思為“易受攻擊的”，所以C選項(xiàng)“易受攻擊”正確，A選項(xiàng)“接受改變”，B選項(xiàng)“大獲全勝”和D選項(xiàng)“戰(zhàn)敗”不符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句Blockedononeside,theSpanishshipscouldonlydriftawaytheircrewsinpanicanddisorder.（西班牙船只被堵在一邊，船員們只能在恐慌和混亂中漂流。），Blocked意思為“封鎖”，所以A選項(xiàng)“封鎖”正確。B選項(xiàng)“破壞”，C選項(xiàng)“單獨(dú)的”和D選項(xiàng)“包圍的”不符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

23.單選題

WhenChelseacaughta（）disease,noneofhisfriendswereallowedtovisithim.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conspicuous

B.contagious

C.consequent

D.captivating

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。conspicuous“顯著的；顯而易見(jiàn)的”；contagious“感染性的”；consequent“隨之發(fā)生的”；captivating“迷人的；有魅力的”。句意：Chelsea得了______病，他的朋友們都不允許來(lái)看望他。根據(jù)后半句可知Chelsea得的是傳染病。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

24.單選題

Inthenextcenturywe’llbeabletoalterourDNAradically,encodingourvisionsandvanitieswhileconcoctingnewlife-forms.WhenDr.Frankensteinmadehismonster,hewrestledwiththemoralissueofwhetherheshouldallowittoreproduce,“HadItheright,formyownbenefit,toinflictthecurseuponeverlastinggenerations?”Willsuchquestionsrequireustodevelopnewmoralphilosophies?

Probablynot.Instead,we’llreachagainforatimetestedincalledtheGoldenRuleandwhichKant,themillennium’smostprudentmoralist,conjuredupintoacategoricalimperative:Dountoothersasyouwouldhavethemdountoyou;treateachpersonasanindividualratherthanasameanstosomeend.

Underthismoralpreceptweshouldrecoilathumancloning,becauseitinevitablyentailsusinghumansasmeanstootherhumans’endsandvaluingthemascopiesofotherswelovedorascollectionsofbodyparts,notasindividualsintheirownright.Weshouldalsodrawaline,howeverfuzzy,thatwouldpermitusinggeneticengineeringtocurediseasesanddisabilitiesbutnottochangethepersonalattributesthatmakesomeoneanindividual(IQ,physicalappearance,genderandsexuality).

Thebiotechagewillalsogiveusmorereasontoguardourpersonalprivacy.AldousHuxleyinBraveNewWorld,gotitwrong:ratherthancentralizingpowerinthehandsofthestate,DNAtechnologyhasempoweredindividualsandfamilies.Butthestatewillhaveanimportantrole,makingsurethatnoone,includinginsurancecompanies,canlookatourgeneticdatawithoutourpermissionoruseittodiscriminateagainstus.

Thenwecangetreadyforthebreakthroughsthatcouldcomeattheendofthenextcenturyandthetechnologyiscomparabletomappingourgenes:plottingthe10billionormoreneuronsofourbrain.Withthatinformationwemightsomedaybeabletocreateartificialintelligencesthatthinkandexperienceconsciousnessinwaysth