考研考博-英語-吉林司法警官職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-吉林司法警官職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Lacking（

）politicalgoals,thetwopartiesquarreled.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intricate

B.coherent

C.intrinsic

D.distinct

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)intricate“復(fù)雜的”；B選項(xiàng)coherent“連貫的，一致的”；C選項(xiàng)intrinsic“本質(zhì)的，固有的”；D選項(xiàng)distinct“明顯的，獨(dú)特的”。句意：由于缺乏一致的政治目標(biāo)，兩黨發(fā)生了爭(zhēng)吵。選項(xiàng)B更符合語境。

2.單選題

Althoughwetriedtoconcentrateonthelecture,wewere（

）bythenoisefromthenextroom.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.distracted

B.displaced

C.dispersed

D.discarded

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)distract“轉(zhuǎn)移；分心”；B選項(xiàng)displace“取代；置換；轉(zhuǎn)移”；C選項(xiàng)disperse“分散；傳播”；D選項(xiàng)discard“拋棄；丟棄”。句意：盡管我們努力集中精力聽演講，但還是被隔壁房間的噪音……了。句中存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系詞，表明前后方向改變，前半句說“集中精力”，后半句則是噪音讓我們“無法集中精力”。綜合分析選項(xiàng)可知A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Oldpeopleare（

）toclaimaspecialheatingallowancefromthegovernment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.engaged

B.charmed

C.involved

D.entitled

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。Engaged“使用中的”；charmed“著迷的”；involved“涉及的”；entitled“有資格的，有權(quán)的”。句意：老人有資格向政府申請(qǐng)?zhí)貏e的取暖津貼。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.單選題

Thewaypeopleholdtothebeliefthatafun-filled,painfreelifeequalshappinessactuallyreducestheirchancesofeverattainingrealhappiness.Iffunandpleasureareequaltohappiness,thenpainmustbeequaltounhappiness.Butinfact,theoppositeistrue;moreoftenthannotthingsthatleadtohappinessinvolvesomepain.

Asaresult,manypeopleavoidtheveryattemptsthataresourceoftruehappiness.Theyfearthepaininevitablybroughtbysuchthingsasmarriage,raisingchildren,professionalachievement,religiouscommitment,orself-improvement.

Askabachelorwhyheresistsmarriageeventhoughhefindsdatingtobelessandlesssatisfying.Ifheishonesthewilltellyouthatheisafraidofmakingacommitment.Forcommitmentisinfactquitepainful.Thesinglelifeisfilledwithfun,adventure,andexcitement.Marriagehassuchmoments,buttheyarenotitsmostdistinguishingfeatures.

Coupleswithinfantchildrenareluckytogetawholenight’ssleeporthree-dayvacation.Idon’tknowwhyanyparentwhowouldchoosethewordfantodescriberaisingchildren.Butcoupleswhodecidenottohavechildrenneverknowthejoysofwatchingachildgrowuporofplayingwithagrandchild.

Understandingandacceptingthathappinesshasnothingtodowithfunisonemostliberatingrealization.Itliberatestime:nowwecandevotemorehourstoactivitiesthatcangenuinelyincreaseourhappiness.Itliberatesmoney:buyingthatnewcarorthosefancyclothesthatwilldonothingtoincreaseourhappinessnowseemspointless.Anditliberatesusfromenvy:wenowunderstandthatallthosewhoarealreadyhavingsomuchfunactuallymaynotbehappyatall.

1.Tounderstandwhattruehappinessisonemust（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,abachelorresistsmarriagechieflybecause（

）.

3.Raisingchildren,intheauthor’sopinion,is（

）.

4.Fromthelastparagraph,welearnthatenvysometimesstemsfrom（

）.

5.Whatisthemainpointtheauthorisgoingtotellus?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.putupwithpainunderallcircumstances

B.beabletodistinguishhappinessfromfun

C.makeeveryefforttoliberateoneselffrompain

D.haveasmuchfunaspossibleduringone’slifetime

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.hefindsmorefunindatingthaninmarriage

B.heisreluctanttotakeonfamilyresponsibilities

C.hebelievesthatlifewillbemorecheerfulifheremainssingle

D.hefearsitwillputanendtoallhisfunadventureandexcitement

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.amoralduty

B.athanklessjob

C.arewardingtask

D.asourceofsuffering

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.hatred

B.ignorance

C.prejudice

D.misunderstanding

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Happinessoftengoeshandinhandwithpain

B.Onemustknowhowtoattainhappiness.

C.Itisimportanttomakecommitments

D.Itispainthatleadstohappiness.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第一段：Iffunandpleasureareequaltohappiness,thenpainmustbeequaltounhappiness.如果娛樂和快樂等同于幸福，那么痛苦就等于不幸。...theoppositeistrue;moreoftenthannotthingsthatleadtohappinessinvolvesomepain.但事實(shí)上，恰恰相反;導(dǎo)致幸福的事情往往包含一些痛苦。確定B選項(xiàng)’娛樂與幸福區(qū)分開來‘正確。A選項(xiàng)’忍受各種環(huán)境下的痛苦‘、C選項(xiàng)’盡一切努力讓自己從痛苦中解脫出來‘、D選項(xiàng)’—生當(dāng)中，盡可能的娛樂‘與原文不符，排除。

2.根據(jù)文章第三段：Ifheishonesthewilltellyouthatheisafraidofmakingacommitment.Forcommitmentisinfactquitepainful.如果他是誠實(shí)的他會(huì)告訴你他害怕做出承諾，承諾是非常痛苦的。確定B選項(xiàng)‘他不愿意承擔(dān)家庭責(zé)任‘正確。A選項(xiàng)’他發(fā)現(xiàn)約會(huì)比婚姻有更多的樂趣‘、C選項(xiàng)’他相信，如果他繼續(xù)單身，他的生活會(huì)更加快樂‘、D選項(xiàng)’他害怕結(jié)束生活中的快樂、冒險(xiǎn)和刺激‘與原文不符，排除。

3.根據(jù)文章第四段：Butcoupleswhodecidenottohavechildrenneverknowthejoysofwatchingachildgrowuporofplayingwithagrandchild.但是，決定不生孩子的夫妻永遠(yuǎn)體會(huì)不到看著一個(gè)孩子長(zhǎng)大和含飴弄孫所帶來的快樂。確定C選項(xiàng)‘是一項(xiàng)有回報(bào)的使命‘正確。A選項(xiàng)‘一種道德義務(wù)’、B選項(xiàng)‘一項(xiàng)吃力不討好的工作’、D選項(xiàng)‘是痛苦的來源’與原文矛盾。

4.根據(jù)文章最后一句：Anditliberatesusfromenvy:wenowunderstandthatallthosewhoarealreadyhavingsomuchfunactuallymaynotbehappyatall.它把我們從嫉妒中解放出來：我們現(xiàn)在知道那些總是有那么多樂趣的人也許根本就不幸福。確定D選項(xiàng)‘誤解’正確。A選項(xiàng)‘憎恨’、B選項(xiàng)‘無知，愚昧’、C選項(xiàng)‘偏見’不符合原文，排除。

5.根據(jù)文章第一段：Thewaypeopleholdtothebeliefthatafun-filled,painfreelifeequalshappinessactuallyreducestheirchancesofeverattainingrealhappiness.我們堅(jiān)信充滿樂趣，沒有痛苦的生活就等于幸福，實(shí)際上減少了他們獲得真正幸福的機(jī)會(huì)。Iffunandpleasureareequaltohappiness,thenpainmustbeequaltounhappiness.Butinfact,theoppositeistrue;moreoftenthannotthingsthatleadtohappinessinvolvesomepain.如果娛樂和快樂等同于幸福，那么痛苦就等于不幸福。但事實(shí)上，但事實(shí)上，恰恰相反;導(dǎo)致幸福的事情往往包含一些痛苦。整個(gè)文章就是圍繞這一主題展開論述的，所以A選項(xiàng)‘幸福經(jīng)常與痛苦緊密相連’正確。B選項(xiàng)‘人必須知道怎樣獲得幸福’、C選項(xiàng)‘做出承諾很重要’原文沒有提到。D選項(xiàng)‘是痛苦引起了幸?！c原文矛盾，排除。

5.單選題

Theriverwas（）withindustrialwastefromthenearbyfactory.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Irradiated

B.contaminated

C.corrupted

D.fragmented

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:這條河被來自附近的工業(yè)廢料（）。

irradiate輻射；contaminate污染；corrupt使腐敗，使墮落；fragment分裂，使成碎片。由題意可知這條河被工業(yè)廢料污染了，B選項(xiàng)“污染”符合句意。

6.翻譯題

在當(dāng)今快速發(fā)展變化的世界，各行各業(yè)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者都需要有充分的想象力和批判精神，而非某種不成熟的狹隘觀點(diǎn)。就現(xiàn)實(shí)而言，堅(jiān)實(shí)的人文和科學(xué)學(xué)科的教育通常會(huì)對(duì)很多具有挑戰(zhàn)性的高級(jí)職業(yè)，以及越來越多的成年人追求的職業(yè)做著最實(shí)實(shí)在在的準(zhǔn)備。沒有任何一個(gè)特別的研究領(lǐng)域會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)成為安全感、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力和個(gè)人滿足感的門票。

【答案】Intoday'sfastchangingworld,leadersinallwalksoflifeneedtohavesufficientimaginationandcriticalspirit,ratherthanthenarrowviewofsomeimmature.Realistically,thesolideducationinthehumanitiesandsciencesoftenbealotofchallengingseniorcareer,aswellasagrowingnumberofadultspursuingcareerdoingthemosttangiblepreparations.Thereisnooneparticularareaofresearchwillalwaysbeasenseofsecurity,leadershipandpersonalsatisfactiontickets.

7.翻譯題

這是一只如此靈敏的（sensitive）安培表（ammeter）以至于它能測(cè)出電流的微弱變化。

【答案】

Thisissuchasensitiveammeterthatitcanmeasureaslightchangeinthecurrent.

8.單選題

Shedecidedto____inthehistorycourseatthelocaleveningschool.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.enter

B.enroll

C.attend

D.register

【答案】B

【解析】

【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.enter進(jìn)來；進(jìn)去B.enroll登記；報(bào)名

C.attend出席；參加D.register登記；注冊(cè)

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：她決定在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊剐！瓪v史課。根據(jù)句意，可以推測(cè)她應(yīng)該是在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊剐?bào)名上歷史課。因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)enter“進(jìn)來；進(jìn)去”，指進(jìn)入或進(jìn)入某事物，不符合語境；

C選項(xiàng)attend“出席；參加”，指出席某一事件，不符合語境；

D選項(xiàng)register“登記；注冊(cè)”，指把你/某人/某物的名字記在正式的名單上，不符合語境。

【句意】她決定報(bào)名當(dāng)?shù)匾剐５臍v史課程。

9.單選題

Intheprocessofacquiringknowledge,asmuchcanbelearnedfromseekingasfromfinding,fromjourneysasfrom（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.travel

B.destination

C.instruction

D.seeking

【答案】B

【解析】根據(jù)句意可知,“seeking”和“finding”相對(duì),那么填空處的詞應(yīng)該與“journeys”相對(duì),首先排除選項(xiàng)D;其次選項(xiàng)A與之意思相同,也可排除;選項(xiàng)C不符合句意;只有選項(xiàng)B正確。

10.單選題

Thereareasgoodfishinthesea（

）evercameoutofit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.than

B.like

C.as

D.so

【答案】C

【解析】句意:海里的好魚多得是（強(qiáng)中更有強(qiáng)中手）。

固定搭配?！癮s（作副詞用）+形容詞或副詞+as（作連詞用）”表示同級(jí)比較。

11.單選題

Theplane（

）,itsbombsexplodingasithittheground.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.smashed

B.crushed

C.plunged

D.crashed

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。smash意為“打碎，打破，撞擊”；crush意為“壓壞，壓碎”；plunge意為“暴跌，驟降”；crash意為“碰撞、墜落，墜毀”，根據(jù)習(xí)慣用法，飛機(jī)失事，動(dòng)詞都是用crash。

句意：飛機(jī)墜毀了，其炸彈在撞擊地面時(shí)爆炸。

12.單選題

Thephonehasrungsooftentodaythatitisbecomea/an（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.interruption

B.frustration

C.distress

D.nuisance

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)interruption“中斷，干擾”；B選項(xiàng)frustration“挫折”；C選項(xiàng)distress“危難，不幸”；D選項(xiàng)nuisance“麻煩事”。句意：今天電話響了很多次，真煩人。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

13.填空題

Filleachofthenumberedblanksinthefollowingpassagewithonesuitableword.

Fromthebeginning,waterhasfurnishedmanwithasourceoffoodandahighwaytotravelupon.Thefirstarose（1）waterwasadominantelementintheenvironment,achallenge（2）man'singenuity.TheEgyptiansinventedthe365（3）.calendarinresponse（4）theNile'sannualflooding.TheBabylonians,whowereamong（5）mostfamouslaw-makers（6）antiquity,devisededictsregulatingwaterusage.WaterinspiredtheChinese（7）builda1,000milecanal,acomplexsystem（8）,afternearly2,500years,（9）stillpartlyinuseandstillcommandstheaweofengineers.Buttheancientsneverfoundcompletesolutions（10）theirwaterproblems.TheHwangHo,orYellowRiverisalsoknown（11）"China'sSorrow";itissoerraticanddangerous（12）inasinglefloodithascausedmilliondeaths.FloodshazardedthegreatcivilizationoftheIndusRivervalley,andinadequatedrainageruinedmuch（13）itslanD.Today（14）dominatesmanasitalwayshas（15）.Itspresencecontinuestogovernthelocationofhishomesandcities;itstempestuousvariabilitycankill（16）orhisherdsorhiscrops;itsrouteslinkhimto（17）fellows;itsimmensevaluemayadd（18）.alreadydangerouspoliticalconflicts.Therearemanyexamples（19）thisinour（20）time.

【答案】1.where

2.to

3.day

4.to

5.the

6.in

7.to

8.which

9.remains

10.to

11.as

12.that

13.of

14.water

15.done

16.man

17.his

18.his

19.of

20.own

【解析】1.考查狀語從句。此處大意為：第一次發(fā)生在水在環(huán)境中占主導(dǎo)地位的地方。空格前是動(dòng)詞，空格后為一個(gè)句子，結(jié)合句意和語境得知正確答案為where。

2.考查固定搭配。achallengeto...“對(duì)……的挑戰(zhàn)”。

3.考查固定搭配。由空格前“365”和空格后“calendar日歷”可知應(yīng)該填入day。

4.考查固定搭配。inresponseto“對(duì)……做出反應(yīng)”。

5.考查最高級(jí)。most修飾形容詞表示最高級(jí)，和the搭配。

6.考查介詞。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“antiquity古代”，以及空格前為完整句子，因此填入in，表示時(shí)間。

7.考查介詞。介詞to與后文動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成不定式，空格前是完整的主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)。

8.考查定語從句?？崭袂笆敲~結(jié)構(gòu)，空格后是缺乏主語的句子，結(jié)合語境，填入which構(gòu)成定語從句。

9.考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語法結(jié)構(gòu)，由and并列，此處應(yīng)是與commands構(gòu)成并列謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)后文stillpartlyinuse可知此處最佳答案為remains。

10.考查固定搭配。solutionto“解決……的辦法/方法”。

11.考查固定搭配。beknownas“被稱之為……”。

12.考查固定搭配so...that...“如此……以致于”。

13.考查詞組。muchof“大量，許多的”。

14.考查名詞。根據(jù)上下文，此處大意為：水一如既往地控制著人類。

15.考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。此處大意為：水一如既往地控制著人類。根據(jù)句意和語境可知，應(yīng)填入done。

16.考查名詞。根據(jù)后文的or和his可知應(yīng)填入man。

17.考查代詞，根據(jù)前文提到hisherdsorhiscrops判斷出此處填入his。

18.考查詞組。addto“增加，加強(qiáng)”。

19.考查介詞。前文example和后文this表示所屬，因此填of。

20.考查代詞/形容詞。根據(jù)空格前后關(guān)鍵詞inour...time，以及句意：我們自己的時(shí)代，可知此處填own“自己的；特有的”。

14.寫作題

“Financialgainshouldbethemostimportantfactorinchoosingacareer.”

Discusstheextenttowhichyouagreewiththeopinionstatedabove.Supportyourviewswithreasonsand/orexamplesfromownexperience,observations,orreading.

【答案】FinancialGainShouldNotBetheMostImportantFactorinChoosingaCareer15.問答題

(A)Defineambitionandyouinstantly(B)revealagreatdealaboutyourself:Eventhatmostneutralofworks,Webster's,initsSeventhNewCollegiateEdition,(C)givesitselfoff,(D)definingambitionfirstandforemostas“anardentdesireforrank,fameandpower.”

【答案】C；改成givesitselfaway

16.單選題

VisatoMelina.R.D.gotthesurpriseofhercareerlastyear,whentheSeattle-basedvegetariannutritionistwasaskedtogiveaseminaronvegetarianismataseniorcitizencenter.“Ithoughtthere'dbefourorfivepeople,”shesays.Instead,theroomwaspackedwithseniorswhohadpaida$5feetohearheradvice.Andtheirinterestinbetterhealthwasn’tonlykeen;itwasinformed."They'veobviouslybeenpayingattentiontonewresearch,”shesays.

IfMelinastudieddemographictrendsforaliving,sheprobablywouldn’thavebeensosurprised.Trendwatchershaveverifiedanintriguingnewphenomenon.Olderpeopleareturningtoavegetariandietinever-increasingnumbers.Notsurprisingly,demographicsaredrivingthedrift.Bytheyear2005,peoplebombetween1949and1963theBabyBoomGeneration,willmakeup38percentoftheAmericanpopulation.Furthermore,statisticssuggestthiseducated,health-conscious,rebelliousandrelativelyaffluentcontingentfitsthetraditionalvegetarianprofile.Addtothefactthatolderpeopleseeknatural,pleasantwaystocombatproblemsassociatedwithaging-weightgain,highercholesterolandbloodpressure,increasedcancerriskandimpaireddigestion-andyouhaverealmotivationtogomeatless,saysSuzanneHavala,R.D.,authoroftheAmericanDieteticAssociation'spositionpaperonvegetarianism.

Quantifyingthisnewtrendisn'teasy,buta1994studybyHealthFocusInc.,anindependentresearchorganizationbasedinDesMoines,Iowa,foundthatshoppersoverage50arecuttingdownontheirconsumptionofredmeatoreliminatingitfromtheirdietsentirely.Morecompellingevidencefortheseniorsurgetowardvegetarianismcomesfromvegetariangroupsnationwide,whichreportaswellintheranksofoldervegetarians.Forexample,oneoutoffivemembersofthenewSyracuse(N.Y.)AreaVegetarianEducationSocietyisover50;unusuallyhighforafledglingorganization.Andtwo-thirdsofthe850-memberVegetarianSocietyofHonoluluarealsomembersoftheAmericanAssociationofRetiredPersons,societyexecutivessay.

Aninformalpollofolderpeoplesuggestsbetterhealthisoftenthemainincentiveandobjectiveforturningveg.ThreeyearsagoNancyRoberts,a53-year-oldmagazineeditorfoundherselfdoingwhatmanypeopledoovertheholidays:overindulginginrichtreats.However,thistimeitmadeherin.“Thecrashfeltliketheflu,”shesays.Bychance,Robertswasaskedtoeditsomevegetarianrecipesduringthatsameperiod.Shemadeafewathome,andher"flu”disappeared.

Moredramatically,RuthHeidrichbelievesvegetarianismsavedherlife.The61-year-oldmarathonerandtriathletewasdiagnosedwithbreastcancer14yearsago,atage47.Whenaninitialbiopsyindicatedfarmorecancerthanherdoctorshadthought,shewasreadytotakedesperatemeasures.Onthedayofthediagnosis,shespottedanewspaperadlookingforvolunteerstoenrollinastudyofbreastcanceranddiet,conductedbyJohnMcDougall,M.D.,aleadingadvocateoftheuseofdiettofightdisease.AftermeetingMcDougallandreviewingwhatshesayswasaneight-inchthickfileofstatisticslinkingahigh-fatdietwithbreastcancer,HeidrichconvertedfromatraditionalAmericandiettoanextremelylow-fatregimenwithnoanimalproducts.”1didn'tevenhaveskimmilkonmycereal,”shesays.Afteramastectomyandreconstructivesurgery,sheiscancer-free.Sheneverhadtoundergoradiationtreatmentorchemotherapyandbelievesherstrictvegetariandiethelpedspeedherrecoveryfromsurgery.

1.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"...demographicsaredrivingthedrift"?

2.WhydidNancyRobertsfallill?

3.HowdidNancyRobertsrecoverfromherillness?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ThehugeBabyBoomGenerationhasdecidedtobecomevegetarians.

B.Seniorcitizensbelievethatgoingmeatlessisanaturalandpleasantwaytocombatproblemsofaging.

C.Thegrowingtrendtowardvegetariansisduetoanincreaseinthenumberofelderpeople.

D.Moreandmorepeopleofallagesaregoingonavegetariandiettostayhealthy.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Becausesheatetoomuchrichfood.

B.Becausesheoverexertedherselfduringtheholidays.

C.Becauseshewasonahigh-fatdiet.

D.Becauseshecaughttheflu.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Bygoingonanextremelylow-fatregimen.

B.Byeatingsomevegetariandishesathome.

C.Bynotevenhavingskimmilkwithhercereal.

D.Byfollowingastrictvegetariandiet.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目提問‘作者說“人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)正在推動(dòng)這一趨勢(shì)”是什么意思？’根據(jù)第二段中第四句“Bytheyear2005,peoplebornbetween1949and1963theBabyBoomGeneration,willmakeup38percentoftheAmericanpopulation.至2005年，出生在1949到1963歲之間的人--嬰兒潮一代--將占美國人口的38%。和第五句Furthermore,statisticssuggestthiseducated,health-conscious,rebelliousandrelativelyaffluentcontingentfitsthetraditionalvegetarianprofile.此外，統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，這一受過教育、有健康意識(shí)、叛逆和相對(duì)富裕的隊(duì)伍符合傳統(tǒng)的素食主義。”確定題目中此話的意思是指C選項(xiàng)“素食主義者的增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì)是由于老年人人數(shù)的增加”。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問“為什么南希?羅伯茨會(huì)生?。俊备鶕?jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“ThreeyearsagoNancyRoberts,a53-year-oldmagazineeditor,foundherselfdoingwhatmanypeopledoovertheholidays:overindulginginrichtreats.3年前，53歲的資深雜志編輯南希?羅伯茨，發(fā)現(xiàn)她做了很多人在假期會(huì)做的事：過度沉迷于吃豐富的食物?！贝_定A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗粤颂嘭S富的食物”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問‘南希?羅伯茨是如何從病中康復(fù)的？根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Bychance,Robertswasaskedtoeditsomevegetarianrecipesduringthatsameperiod.Shemadeafewathome,andherfludisappeared.碰巧，羅伯茨在同一命期被要求編輯一些素食食譜。她在家做了一些素食，她的“流感”消失了?！贝_定B選項(xiàng)“在家吃些素食”正確。

17.單選題

InthecaseofFinney,whereanattendantatamentalhospitalcausedthedeathofapatientbyreleasingaflowofboilingwaterintoabath,thetestwaswhetherhewasgrossly______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.negative

B.negligent

C.neglected

D.negligible

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)negative“負(fù)的；消極的；否定的；陰性的”；B選項(xiàng)negligent“疏忽的；粗心大意的”；C選項(xiàng)neglected“被忽視的；無人照管的”；D選項(xiàng)negligible“微不足道的，可以忽略的”。句意：在芬尼案中，精神病院的一名護(hù)工將沸騰的開水倒入浴缸，導(dǎo)致一名病人死亡，測(cè)試的是他是否嚴(yán)重疏忽。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

18.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseandwriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.

1.Andgivingshouldbestrategicphilanthropyshouldnotsimplyrespondtoneedsbutshouldlookforinvestmentopportunitiesthatyieldsignificancereturns.

2.Whatremainspertinentisthereport’svisionoftheroleofgovernmentinresearch,includinghisassertionthatthefederalgovernmenthadboththeauthorityandtheobligationtosupportbasicresearch.

3.Thisneedisenshrinedintheconceptofsustainabledevelopment,whichmeansthatwemust,forthebenefitofcominggenerations,leaveenoughenvironmentalspacesothatthesegenerationswillbeabletoaddresstheirneedsandfulfilltheiraspirations.

4.ThethreatoftheColdWarwasaprimedrivingforceleadingtotheexpansionofU.S.science,nationallabsandacademicinstitutions.

5.Itisworthnotingthatpreventivemeasuresinvolvingsmokinganddietareconvenientlysimilarforcancerandheartdisease;oneexceptionisalcoholariskfactorfortheformer,apreventiveforthelater.

【答案】1.捐贈(zèng)也應(yīng)講策略——慈善事業(yè)應(yīng)該不單是應(yīng)人之需，而應(yīng)該覓尋投資機(jī)會(huì)，以求產(chǎn)生可觀的回報(bào)。

2.該報(bào)告對(duì)政府在研究中所扮演的角色的看法仍然中肯，包括他的主張，即聯(lián)邦政府既有權(quán)力也有義務(wù)支持基礎(chǔ)研究。

3.這種需要體現(xiàn)在可持續(xù)發(fā)展的概念中，這意味著為了后代的利益，我們必須留下足夠的環(huán)境空間，以滿足他們的需要，施展抱負(fù)。

4.冷戰(zhàn)的威脅曾是一個(gè)主要的驅(qū)動(dòng)力，它導(dǎo)致了美國科學(xué)、國家實(shí)驗(yàn)室以及學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)團(tuán)體的擴(kuò)張。

5.值得注意的是，癌癥和心臟病的預(yù)防措施與吸煙和飲食很相似;一個(gè)例外是酒精——癌癥的危險(xiǎn)因子，但卻是心臟病的預(yù)防因子。

19.單選題

Veryfewpeoplecouldunderstandthelecturedeliveredbytheprofessorbecauseitssubjectwasvery（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intriguing

B.indefinite

C.obscure

D.dubious

【答案】C

【解析】句意:幾乎沒有人能聽懂教授的講座，因?yàn)槠渲黝}很晦澀難懂。

考查形容詞辨析。intriguing有趣的，引人入勝的，神秘的；indefinite無期限的，不明確的，表示因定義不明確而引起理解上的模糊；obscure不淸楚的，模糊的，晦澀的，強(qiáng)調(diào)費(fèi)解；dubious可疑的，含糊的，強(qiáng)調(diào)因可疑而引起的不確定。根據(jù)前半句句意“幾乎沒有人能聽懂教授的講座”可知C正確。

20.單選題

Nooneinthe____apartmentwasawakedbytheirquarrellingsounds.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.approached

B.distant

C.neighbor

D.adjacent

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.approached臨近（過去式或過去分詞）B.distant遠(yuǎn)的

C.neighbor鄰居n.D.adjacent相鄰的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接與近義詞辨析

【解題思路】原句語義為“____公寓里沒有人被他們的爭(zhēng)吵聲吵醒。”按照語義和選項(xiàng)推測(cè)，爭(zhēng)吵聲吵醒的應(yīng)該是臨近公寓的人，該處所填詞應(yīng)該是一個(gè)形容詞，修飾公寓。D選項(xiàng)adjacent“相鄰的”符合要求。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)approached“臨近（過去式或過去分詞）”，動(dòng)詞，不做定語修飾“公寓”；

B選項(xiàng)distant“遠(yuǎn)的”，不符合語義銜接；

C選項(xiàng)neighbor“鄰居”，名詞，不能直接修飾公寓。

【句意】他們的吵鬧聲沒有吵醒隔壁公寓的人。

21.單選題

Althoughshegivesbadly（

）titlestohermusicalcompositions,theyincorporateunusualcombinationsofmaterialsincludingGregorianchant,Asianscalepatternsandrhythms,electronicsounds,andbirdsongs.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exotic

B.eccentric

C.imaginative

D.conventional

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。exotic異國的，外來的eccentric古怪的，反常的；imaginative虛構(gòu)的，富于想象的；conventional符合習(xí)俗的，日常的。句意：盡管她糟糕地給她的音樂作品賦以尋常的（傳統(tǒng)的）題目，但是這些作品卻體現(xiàn)出對(duì)一些材料的不尋常整合，比如羅馬教的圣歌、亞洲的音階風(fēng)格節(jié)奏、古怪的聲響和鳥鳴。由although及unusual可知空格處所填單詞應(yīng)與unusual相反，故答案為D。

22.單選題

Thisisanexcitingareaofstudy,andone（）whichnewapplicationsarebeingdiscoveredalmostdaily.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.from

B.by

C.in

D.through

【答案】C

【解析】考査定語從句。inwhich表示“在某個(gè)領(lǐng)域被發(fā)現(xiàn)”。句意：這是一個(gè)令人興奮的研究領(lǐng)域,

一個(gè)幾乎每天都有新的應(yīng)用程序被發(fā)現(xiàn)的領(lǐng)域。

23.單選題

Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjam,thecostofpetrolandthefastpaceofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadsarebecomingdeplorable.Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenbecomemonstersbehindthewheel.Itisallverywell,again,tohaveatigerinthetank,buttohaveoneinthedriver’sseatisanothermatter.Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog（占道者）,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.Perhapsthesituationcallsfora“BeKindtoOtherDrivers”campaign;otherwiseitmaygetcompletelyoutofhand.

Roadcourtesyisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo.Ittakesthemostgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtohitbackwhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehavior.Afriendlynodorawaveofacknowledgementinresponsetoanactofcourtesyhelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmoderntrafficconditions.Butsuchacknowledgementsofcourtesyarealltooraretoday.Manydriversnowadaysdon’tevenseemabletorecognizecourtesywhentheyseeit.

Contrarytogeneralopinion,youngdrivershavebettermannersthantheirseniors.Butthisisshort-livedintheworldofmoderndrivingwheremanydriversneitherexpectnorgiveanymercy.Thismaybeencouragedonthebattlefieldbutisoutofplaceontheroads.

Lorrydriverssaytheyhavealmostabandonedthepracticeofsignalingcarstoovertakewhentheroadisclear,becausemanyofthecarstooktoolongtopass.Theycouldn’tbebotheredtoselectalowergear.Thecardrivers,afterovertaking,sloweddownagainandhoggedtheroad.Again,amotoringmagazinehasrecentlydrawnattentiontotheincreasingnumberofdriverswhoneverwaitforgaps.“Theymanufacturethembyforce,usingtheirdirectionindicatorsasathreatratherthanawarning.”Punch-ups（打群架）arequitecommon.Itcan’tbelongbeforewehearofpistolsandknivesbeingused.

Drivingisessentiallyastateofmind.Howevertechnicallyskilledadrivermaybe,hecan’tbeanadvancedmotoristifheisalwaysarrogantandaggressive.

1.Theauthorismostconcernedabout（）.

2.Theword“deplorable”(Para.1)mostprobablymeans“（）”.

3.Theword“courtesy”(Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans“（）”.

4.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph2?

5.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph3that（）.

6.Anexampleofgoodmannersontheroadsis（）.

7.Accordingtotheauthor,agooddrivershould（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.trafficjam

B.roadmanners

C.fastpaceoflife

D.highcostofpetrol

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.moreserious

B.moretempting

C.disturbing

D.noticeable

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.driving

B.waving

C.goodmanners

D.badmanners

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Manydriverstendtofightbackagainstrudebehaviors.

B.Alittlecourtesymayhelpeasethetensionsontheroad.

C.Goodwillandtolerancemayhelprelievetrafficjam.

D.Manydriversnowadayslackagoodsenseofcourtesy.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.youngdriversaremoreaggressive

B.youngdriverswouldsoonlosetheirgoodmanners

C.elderdriversaremorecautious

D.elderdriversshouldimprovetheirdrivingskills

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.signalingcarstoovertake

B.manufacturingagap

C.selectingalowergear

D.usingthedirectionindicator

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.betechnicallyskilled

B.haveagoodstateofmind

C.besympatheticwithothers

D.takegoodcareofhisvehicle

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

第6題:A

第7題:B

【解析】1.【試題解析】主旨大意題。作者圍繞交通文明而展開論述。因此B項(xiàng)“道路禮貌”比較符合本文主旨。

2.【試題解析】詞義題?！癲eplorable”所在句為：Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjam,thecostofpetrolandthefastpaceofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadsarebecomingdeplorable（交通堵塞、汽油價(jià)格和現(xiàn)代生活的快節(jié)奏固然應(yīng)該指責(zé)，但道路上的禮儀正變得……）。由此可知，deplorable有“糟糕，變壞”之意，故選A。

3.【試題解析】詞義題。對(duì)于“courtesy”的理解可參考其所在句子：Afriendlynodorawaveofacknowledgementinresponsetoanactofcourtesyhelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmoderntrafficconditions.Butsuchacknowledgementsofcourtesyarealltooraretoday.（—個(gè)友好的點(diǎn)頭或揮手以回應(yīng)一個(gè)……的行為，有助于創(chuàng)造友好和寬容的氛圍，而這正是現(xiàn)代交通條件下迫切需要的。但是這種禮貌的回應(yīng)現(xiàn)如今實(shí)在太少見了），由此可知，courtesy意為“禮貌”。

4.【試題解析】主旨大意題。第二段先是提出了道路文明，尾句是主題句：這種禮貌的回應(yīng)現(xiàn)如今實(shí)在太少見了。現(xiàn)在當(dāng)遇到這樣的情況，許多司機(jī)甚至都意識(shí)不到這種禮貌或好意。因此D項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在許多司機(jī)缺乏禮貌意識(shí)”比較符合第二段大意。

5.【試題解析】判斷推理題。第三段指出：Butthisisshort-livedintheworldofmoderndrivingwheremanydriversneitherexpectnorgiveanymercy.（但是這會(huì)是短暫的，在這個(gè)現(xiàn)代的駕駛世界，許多司機(jī)既不期待也不給予任何寬容），由此推測(cè)，B項(xiàng)“年輕的司機(jī)很快就會(huì)失去他們的禮貌”正確。

6.【試題解析】判斷推理題。第四段指出：卡車司機(jī)說，他們幾乎已經(jīng)放棄了在道路暢通時(shí)向汽車發(fā)出超車信號(hào)的做法，自己懶得麻煩變道，即使這么做了，上來的車也不會(huì)有好的做法。因此，這屬于一種道路禮貌的行為，故選A項(xiàng)。

7.【試題解析】判斷推理題。Drivingisessentiallyastateofmind.Howevertechnicallyskilledadrivermaybe,hecan’tbeanadvancedmotoristifheisalwaysarrogantandaggressive.（開車是一種心態(tài)，技術(shù)再好的司機(jī)，如果傲慢和具有侵略性，也不可能是一位優(yōu)秀的司機(jī)）。由此可知，作者認(rèn)為，優(yōu)秀的司機(jī)得有一個(gè)好心態(tài)。故選B。

24.單選題

Wenowcometothevitaltopicofmoney.First,wemustrememberthatscience,onanysignificantscale,existsonlyineconomieswherethereissurplusofgoodsandservices.Aprosperouseconomyformsanecessarybaseforscientificwork.Tragically,theeconomiesofthe"underdeveloped"countries,wheretheneedisoverwhelming,havenotsupported--norhavetheybeencapableofsupporting—anysubstantialscientificandtechnicaltrainingorresearch.ReadthespeechofP.M.S.Blackette,PresidentoftheRoyalSociety,inwhichtheexistinggreatdisparitybetweenthe"have"and"have-not"economiesisconsidered.Theprimarythemeofhisaddressisthatthegapisnotclosing;onthecontrary,itsteadilygrowswider.

TheUnitedStates,asthemostwealthyindustrialnation,spendsagreateramountonresearchanddevelopmentthananyothernations.Itisbeyondthescopeofthisbooktoconsiderindetailwhethertheamountspentisadequate,eitherinrelationtoourowneconomyorinrelationtoourpositionintheworld.Atbestthequestionisanopenone.

Inthelastfewyears,financialsupportforsciencehaschangedsignificantly.Itisfrustratingtoreportthat,inspiteofnumerousstatementsabouttheextentandnatureofthesechanges,ithasbeenimpossibletofindsufficientagreementtobesurejustwhathashappened.Twopointsdoappearclear.First,therehasbeenanoverallcutinresearchfunds,furtherreinforcedbysubstantialinflationofprices.Second,therehasbeenincreasedemphasison"relevant"researchthatisresearchwithimmediatepracticalapplications.

Onereportthatreflectsmostcloselyourownestimateofthesituationwasmadebyafive-membercommitteefromtheNationalAcademyofSciences.ThisgroupinvestigatedfundingofchemistryprojectsbytheNationalInstitutesofHealth.Thecommitteeconcludedthatfundinghadbeendeclinedbyanaverageof20%andthatthesectionmostcloselyrelatedtobasicresearchhadfundscutinhalf.Thecommitteefoundthatvariousinstitutes,in-houseresearch,administrativebudgets,andcontinuingextramural（校外的）grantshadbeenprotectedwiththeresultthatnewandrenewalgrantshadbecomeadisasterarea.Otherreportsstatingthatfederalinstitutes’fundshavehadonlylimitedcutshaveapparentlyignoredthepointmadebytheNationalAcademyCommittee.

1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthe"underdeveloped"countries?

2.Whichofthefollowingwordsmeansnearlythesameas“disparity”usedinline