(新高考)高考英語一輪復習講義 教材知識解讀 必修第3冊　Unit 5　The Value of Money (含答案)

教材詞匯要記牢Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——我會認1．narratorn．(書、戲劇或電影中的)敘述者；講述者；(電視節(jié)目中的)幕后解說員2．narrationn．敘述；講述；解說3．consulaten．領事館4．miningn．采礦；采礦業(yè)5．obligationn．義務；職責；責任6．musicaln．音樂劇adj.音樂的7．sequencevt.按順序排列n．順序；一系列8．frownn．&vi.皺眉9．upper-classadj.上流社會的；上等階層的Ⅱ.重點單詞——我會寫1．loann．貸款；借款2．plasticn．塑料adj.塑料制的；塑料的3．scenen．(戲劇或歌劇的)場；現(xiàn)場；場面4．betn．打賭；賭注(bet，bet)vi.&vt.下賭注；用……打賭vt.敢說5．spotvt.看見；注意到；發(fā)現(xiàn)n．地點；處所；斑點；污跡6．darevi.&modalv．膽敢；敢于7．sortn．種類；類別8．beneathadv.&prep.在(或往)……下面；在……的表面之下9．postponevt.延遲；延期；延緩10．oddadj.奇怪的；怪異的；反常的11．nowhereadv.無處；哪里都不12．extentn．程度；限度；大小；范圍13．operan．歌劇14．dinosaurn．恐龍15．hugvt.&vi.擁抱；抱緊16．pursuevt.追求；致力于17．dutyn．責任；義務；職責；值班18．tailorn．(男裝)裁縫vt.專門制作；定做19．clerkn．職員；文書；店員20．mannern．舉止；行為方式；方法；[pl.]禮貌；禮儀21．downstairsadv.順樓梯而下；在樓下；往樓下22．stairn．樓梯；梯級23．a(chǎn)sideadv.到旁邊；在旁邊；留；存24．indeedadv.其實；實際上；當然；確實25．normaladj.典型的；正常的；一般的；精神正常的n．常態(tài)；通常標準；一般水平26．elementn．要素；基本部分27．plotn．故事情節(jié)；布局；陰謀28．a(chǎn)mbassadorn．大使；使節(jié)；代表29．upperadj.上面的；上層的；靠上部的30．theupperclass上流社會；上等階層31．maintainvt.維持；保持；維修；保養(yǎng)32．sayingn．諺語；格言；警句33．externaladj.外部的；外面的；外來的Ⅲ.拓展單詞——我會變1．basisn．基礎；根據(jù)；基點→basen．基礎；根基；底座v．以……為基礎；根據(jù)→basicadj.基礎的；基本的2．a(chǎn)pologise(alsoapologize)vi.道歉；謝罪→apologyn．道歉3．ignorevt.忽視；對……不予理會→ignorancen．無知；愚昧→ignorantadj.無知的；愚昧的4．judgevt.&vi.評價；評判；判斷n．法官；審判員；裁判員→judg(e)mentn．判斷5．servantn．仆人；用人→servev．服務→servicen．服務6．sailvi.&vt.(船)航行；(人)乘船航行→sailingn．航行→sailorn．水手7．patiencen．耐心；忍耐力；毅力→patientadj.耐心的n．病人8．indicatevt.&vi.表明；顯示vt.象征；暗示→indicationn．表明，顯示；跡象9．intentionn．打算；計劃；意圖；目的→intendv．打算；計劃10．hesitatevi.猶豫；遲疑；顧慮→hesitationn．猶豫；遲疑11．eventuallyadv.最后；終于→eventualadj.最后的；最終的12．optionn．可選擇的事物；選擇；選擇權→optionaladj.可選擇的13．broadadj.寬闊的；廣闊的；廣泛的→broadenvt.(使)變寬；(使)擴大14．willingadj.愿意；樂意→willinglyadv.樂意地→unwillingadj.不愿意的；勉強的15．permissionn．準許；許可；批準；許可證→permitvt.&vi.允許；準許；使有可能Ⅳ.核心短語1．onthebasisof在某事的基礎上；根據(jù)某事2．takeoutaloan取得貸款3．inreturn作為回報；作為回應4．makeabet打個賭5．a(chǎn)samatteroffact事實上；其實；說真的6．byaccident偶然地；意外地7．tobehonest說實話；坦率地說8．oughtto應該；應當9．beabouttodosth.即將或正要(做某事)10．incase以防；以防萬一11．to...extent到……程度；在……程度上12．onduty值班；值勤13．ina．..manner以一種……的方式；帶著一副……的樣子14．inthatcase既然那樣；假使那樣的話15．bewillingtodosth.愿意或樂意做某事高頻詞匯來助力1．declinevt.&vi.婉拒；衰落；減弱2．deliberatelyadv.故意地3．delicateadj.微妙的；精美的，雅致的4．descriptionn．描述，描寫5．destinationn．目的地6．dignityn．尊嚴；高貴7．discountn．折扣vt.認為……不重要；打折扣8．diploman．畢業(yè)文憑；學位證書經(jīng)典句式需悟通1．Theyseeapooryoungmanwalkingoutsidetheirhouse.他們看到一個貧窮的年輕人在他們的房子外面走著。2．Mayweaskwhatyou’redoinginthiscountryandwhatyourplansare?我們可以問問你在這個國家正在做什么和你的計劃是什么嗎？3．AnditwastheshipthatbroughtyoutoEngland.就是那艘船把你帶到了英國。4．That’swhywe’vegivenyoutheletter.那就是我們給你這封信的原因。5．Thenhefoldsthebillandslowlyunfoldsitagain，asiflookingatsomethinghecan’tbelieveisthere.然后，他折上那張鈔票，又再次慢慢地打開，好像正在看他不敢相信會在那里的東西似的。Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(每小題1分，共5分)1．consulaten．領事館2．obligationn．義務；職責；責任3．musicaln．音樂劇adj.音樂的4．sequencevt.按順序排列n．順序；一系列5．frownn．&vi.皺眉Ⅱ.重點單詞(每小題1分，共9分)6．loann．貸款；借款7．plasticn．塑料adj.塑料制的；塑料的8．scenen．(戲劇或歌劇的)場；現(xiàn)場；場面9．spotvt.看見；注意到；發(fā)現(xiàn)n．地點；處所；斑點；污跡10．postponevt.延遲；延期；延緩11．extentn．程度；限度；大小；范圍12．hugvt.&vi.擁抱；抱緊13．pursuevt.追求；致力于14．maintainvt.維持；保持；維修；保養(yǎng)Ⅲ.拓展單詞(每小題2分，共20分)15．a(chǎn)pologisevi.道歉；謝罪→apologyn．道歉16．ignorevt.忽視；對……不予理會→ignorancen．無知；愚昧→ignorantadj.無知的；愚昧的17．judgevt.&vi.評價；評判；判斷n．法官；審判員；裁判員→judg(e)mentn．判斷18．servantn．仆人；用人→servev．服務→servicen．服務19．patiencen．耐心；忍耐力；毅力→patientadj.耐心的n．病人20．intentionn．打算；計劃；意圖；目的→intendv．打算；計劃21．hesitatevi.猶豫；遲疑；顧慮→hesitationn．猶豫；遲疑22．broadadj.寬闊的；廣闊的；廣泛的→broadenvt.(使)變寬；(使)擴大23．willingadj.愿意；樂意→willinglyadv.樂意地→unwillingadj.不愿意的；勉強的24．permissionn．準許；許可；批準；許可證→permitvt.&vi.允許；準許；使有可能Ⅳ.高頻詞匯(每小題2分，共10分)25．declinevt.&vi.婉拒；衰落；減弱26．deliberatelyadv.故意地27．delicateadj.微妙的；精美的，雅致的28．dignityn．尊嚴，高貴29．diploman．畢業(yè)文憑；學位證書Ⅴ.核心短語(每小題2分，共16分)30．onthebasisof在某事的基礎上；根據(jù)某事31．inreturn作為回報；作為回應32．byaccident偶然地；意外地33．tobehonest說實話；坦率地說34．incase以防；以防萬一35．to...extent到……程度；在……程度上36．ina...manner以一種……的方式；帶著一副……的樣子37．inthatcase既然那樣；假使那樣的話Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(根據(jù)漢語提示或首字母提示寫單詞)(每小題2分，共16分)1．Whatmakesherpopularisthatsheissokindthatsheisalwayswillingtohelpothers.2．Astheoldsayinggoes，“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”3．Asamatteroffact，thetwocountrieshavealwaysmaintainedcloserelationstheseyears.4．Ourskincanprotectusfromexternalharm，whichwelearninbiologyclass.5．Hejumpedintotherivertosavethedrowningchildwithouthesitation(猶豫)．6．Itisbadmanners(禮貌)foryoutostareatothersforalongtime.7．Afterhisgraduation，hewishedtopursue(追求)amedicalcareer.8．Asamatteroffact，wehaveanobligation(義務)toprotecttheenvironment.Ⅱ.詞形變化填空(用括號內所給詞的適當形式填空)(每小題2分，共14分)9．HeapologisedtomeformakingsuchafoolishmistakeandIwillinglyacceptedhisapology.(apologise)10．Asanoldsayinggoes，“Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.”O(jiān)urjudgement(s)shouldbebasedonfacts.(judge)11．Thetwoservantsservedtheirmasterheartandsoulandthemasterwassatisfiedwiththeirservice.(serve)12．Asapatientanddeterminedteenager，hecandowhathedesireswithpatience.(patience)13．Heintendedtolaunchacampaignwiththeintentionofraisingpeople’sawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment.(intend)14．Withouttheteachers’permission，nooneispermittedtogointothechemistrylab.(permit)15．Theboywithbroadshouldersandwideeyesparticipatedintheactivitytobroadenhishorizons.(broad)Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫(每小題2分，共10分)16．我看見他正領著來訪者參觀校園，并介紹在過去的十年中所發(fā)生的變化。Iseehimshowingvisitorsaroundthecampusandintroducingthegreatchangesthathavetakenplaceinthepasttenyears.17．他實現(xiàn)了我一直所盼望的。HehasachievedwhatIhavebeenlookingforwardto.18．直到進入高中我才意識到英語的重要性。ItwasnotuntilIenteredseniorhighschoolthatIrealizedtheimportanceofEnglish.19．這就是我們應該經(jīng)常讀古典文學的原因。Thatiswhyweshouldreadclassicsregularly.20．似乎他完全誤解了我剛才說的話。ItseemedasifhehadcompletelymisunderstoodwhatIsaidjustnow.Ⅰ.課文語法填空——復習本單元ReadingandThinking部分HenryAdamswascarriedouttoseabyastrongwindwhile1.sailing(sail).2.Luckily(luck)，hewasspottedandsavedbyashipthenextmorning.AfterhelandedinBritain，hewenttotheAmericanconsulate3.toseek(seek)help，butinvain.Oneday，hewaswalkingonthestreet4.whenhewascalledintoahouse5.owned(own)bytwooldrichEnglishmen,6.whohadmadeabettoseewhetherapersonwithamillion-poundbanknotecouldliveamonthinLondon.TheythoughtthatHenryAdamswashard-working，sotheychosehim.Theyaskedhimafew7.questions(question)．Henrytoldthemthathewassearching8.forajobinLondonandasked9.whethertheycouldofferany.Theydidn’tanswerbutgaveHenryalettercontainingsomemoney.TheyalsoaskedHenrytopromisenottoopen10.ituntil2o’clock.Henryaccepteditinsurprise.Ⅱ.課文選詞填空——復習本單元ReadingforWriting部分eq\x(broad，option，judge，normal，manner)WhenHenrywalkedintothetailor’sshop，theclerkstreatedhiminarude1.manner.Henryaskedthemnotto2.judgepeoplebytheirclothes.WhenHenrytookouthismillion-poundbanknote，theownerandtheclerkschangedtheirattitudesatonce.Theownerwitha3.broadsmileshowedHenryawiderangeof4.optionsforHenrytochoosefromandtoldHenrythatitdidn’tmatterifhecouldn’tpayfortheclothesatoncebecauseitwas5.normalforHenrytobebusy.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯apologisevi.道歉；謝罪先練基礎——單句語法填空(1)Ididn’thavetheintentiontoignoreyourtips，butIstillshouldapologisetoyouformyunintentionalneglect.(2)Asamatteroffact，itwasmyfault.SoImustmakeanapology(apologise)toyou.(3)BeforeVinniecouldsayyes，thePresidenthurriedon，ashadeofapology(apologise)inhisvoice.“Ofcourse—Ishouldn’thaveasked.”(2020·天津)?apologisetosb.forsth.因為某事向某人道歉?apologyn．道歉makeanapologytosb.forsth.因某事向某人道歉owesb.anapology應向某人道歉再提能力——完美寫作·完成句子·背誦(4)我非常抱歉本周六我不能教你制作中國結了。(應用文之道歉信)Ihavetomakeanapology/apologisetoyoufornotbeingabletoteachyoutomakeChineseknotsthisSaturday.(5)非常遺憾不能去機場接你了，我真希望你能接受我真誠的道歉。Muchtomyregret，Iwasunabletopickyouupattheairport.AndIdowishthatyouwillacceptmysincereapology.spotvt.看見；注意到；發(fā)現(xiàn)n．地點；處所；斑點；污跡先練基礎——單句語法填空(1)ItwasbyaccidentthatIspottedatailorwithbroadshouldersshouting(shout)totwoservantsinarudemanner.(2)Thepolicemanondutycaughtathiefonthespotinmyhouse，andinreturn，Iboughtabunchofflowersforhim.?spotsb.doingsth.發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事bespottedwith...滿是……的斑點?onthespot當場；立即；在現(xiàn)場再提能力——完美寫作·完成句子·背誦(3)Mac一發(fā)現(xiàn)一只兇惡的狼正在追他，就找出他的那罐防熊噴霧，并對著狼噴，試圖把狼嚇跑。TheinstantMacspottedafiercewolfchasingafterhim，hefoundouthiscanofbearsprayandfiredthesprayatthewolf，tryingtofrightenthewolfaway.patiencen.耐心；忍耐力；毅力先練基礎——單句語法填空(1)Heiswillingtoexplainthedifficultlanguagepointstomewithpatience.(2)AfterthatIpouredoilintoapanandturnedonthestove.Iwaitedpatiently(patient)untiltheoilwashot.(2020·全國Ⅰ)(3)WhileIoftenpostponemakingadecision，heispatientwithme.?havethepatiencetodosth.有耐心做某事withpatience耐心地outofpatience失去耐心；不耐煩?patientadj.耐心的n．病人bepatientwithsb.對某人有耐心?patientlyadv.耐心地再提能力——完美寫作·完成句子·背誦(4)我的英語老師不僅對我們有耐心，而且他也主動關心我們的精神健康。因此他是我最尊重的人。(2020·全國Ⅰ，書面表達)NotonlyismyEnglishteacherpatientwithusbutalsoheiswillingtopayattentiontoourmentalhealth.SoheisthepersonIrespectmost.hesitatev.猶豫；遲疑；顧慮先練基礎——單句語法填空(1)Tobehonest，Ihesitatedabout/overtheoptionbetweenthetwodresses.(2)Wemustpursueourdreamswithouthesitation(hesitate)andeventuallywecansucceed.?hesitateabout/over(doing)...對(做)……感到猶豫hesitatetodosth.遲疑做某事，不愿做某事?hesitationn．猶豫；遲疑withouthesitation毫不猶豫再提能力——完美寫作·一句多譯·背誦(3)無論你何時有麻煩，我都會毫不猶疑地幫助你。①Wheneveryouareintrouble，Iwilldoyouafavourwithouthesitation.(hesitation)②Wheneveryouareintrouble，Iwillnothesitatetodoyouafavour.(hesitate)permitvt.&vi.允許；準許；使有可能n．許可證；執(zhí)照，通行證先練基礎——單句語法填空(1)Inthatcasethejudgesincourtoughttopermityoutotake(take)outaloanfromthebank.(2)Theclub’srulesdon’tpermitsmoking(smoke)incaseitcanruintheatmosphereintheclub.(3)Peopleneedpermission(permit)tobefunnyinsocialsettingsbecausethere’salwaysariskthatcomeswithhumor.(2020·江蘇)?permitsb.todosth.允許某人做某事permit(doing)sth.允許(做)某事?permissionn．準許；許可；批準；許可證asksb.forpermission＝askpermissionfromsb.請求某人許可with/without(one’s)permission得到/未經(jīng)(某人的)允許再提能力——完美寫作·完成句子·背誦(4)如果天氣允許，比賽將于下午2點在我校體育館舉行，持續(xù)約3小時。(2019·全國Ⅱ)Weatherpermitting/Ifweatherpermits，thecompetitiontobeheldinourschoolstadiumwillbeginat2pmandlastforroughly3hours.mannern．舉止；行為方式；方法[pl.]禮貌；禮儀先練基礎——一詞多義寫出下列句子中manner的漢語意思(1)Normallypeopleintheupperclasshaveapoliteandcoolmanner.舉止(2)Judgingbymyfather’swords，hedisapprovesofmymannerofliving.方式(3)It’sgoodmannerstohelpthoseinneedwithpatience.禮貌?ina...manner用一種……的方式；帶著一副……的樣子?Itisgood/badmannerstodosth.做某事是有/沒有禮貌的。tablemanners餐桌禮儀再提能力——完美寫作·完成句子·背誦(4)當你拜訪一位中國朋友的時候，帶個禮物是有禮貌的，比如一束花。It’sgoodmannerstobringagift，suchasabunchofflowers，whenyouvisitaChinesefriend.(5)我最尊敬的物理老師總是教給我們如何用一種合乎邏輯的和科學的方式解決難題。(2020·全國Ⅰ，書面表達)ThephysicsteacherIrespectmostisalwaysteachingushowtosolvedifficultproblemsinalogicalandscientificmanner.wouldrather...Oh，I’drathernotpayyounow.哦，我寧愿現(xiàn)在不付錢給你。先練基礎——單句語法填空(1)Wewouldratherhavefollowed(follow)hisadviceyesterday.(2)Wewouldratherourdaughterstayed(stay)athomewithus，butitisherchoice，andsheisnotachildanylonger.(3)IsaidIcouldn’tstanditoneminutelonger.Iwouldratherbe(be)inprison!?eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(wouldratherdosth.thandosth.,woulddosth.ratherthandosth.,prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.))寧愿做某事而不愿做某事?wouldrather(not)dosth.寧愿(不)做某事wouldrather(not)havedonesth.寧愿(沒)做過某事(對過去的虛擬)?wouldrathersb.didsth.寧愿某人做某事(對現(xiàn)在或將來的虛擬)wouldrathersb.haddonesth.寧愿某人做過某事(對過去的虛擬)再提能力——完美寫作·完成句子/單句寫作·背誦(4)為了過低碳生活，我寧愿騎車而不是開車上班。Tolivealow-carbonlife，Iwouldratherrideabikethandriveacartowork/Iwouldrideabikeratherthandriveacartowork.(5)我寧愿沒有看見那只兔子。(2018·浙江，讀后續(xù)寫)IwouldratherIhadn’tseentherabbit.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上單元詞匯Ⅰ.一詞多義練——清除閱讀障礙sceneA.n.場面B.n.現(xiàn)場C.n.戲劇或歌劇的場D.n.景色1．ThemovieopenswithasceneinaNewYorkapartment.C2．Doctorsandnursesrushedtothesceneoftheaccidenttocarryouttherescue.B3．Themanphotographedawiderangeofstreetscenes.D4．Thecarnearlyhittheboy!Whatadangeroussceneitwas！AⅡ.核心知識強化練——鞏固語言知識1．Judging(judge)bysufficientevidence，Icouldfigureoutwhatresultedintheaccident.2．Iprovidedinaccuratedataforyouandasaresult，Imustmakeanapology(apologise)toyou.3．Ideterminedtostudyharderinreturnforyourregularguidance.4．WhatmademedisappointedwasthatIspottedhimplaying(play)withhissmartphoneinclass.5．Mymoneyisrunningout，soIhavenochoicebuttopostponebuying(buy)theadvancedfacilities.6．Ihavetheintentiontolive(live)independentlyinthehopeofdevelopingmyindependentawareness.7．BecauseIlackedexperienceinmakingaspeech，myteacherofferedmesomepracticaltipswithouthesitation(hesitate)．8．Asisknowntousall，itisbadmanners(manner)tolaughatothersinpublic.9．Wedon’tpermitlaunching(launch)acampaignwithoutthegovernment’spermission(permit)．10．IdesiretostudyEnglishwell，soIamwillingtospend(spend)muchtimeonit.Ⅲ.寫作增分練——提升語用能力(應用文之倡議書：垃圾分類)1．各種各樣的垃圾在校園隨處可見。(see＋賓語＋補語)Differentkindsofgarbagecanbeseenthrownanywhereoncampus.2．似乎校園就是一個大垃圾箱。(asif)Itseemsasifthecampuswerealargedustbin.3．這就是我們學校開始垃圾分類項目的原因。(Thatiswhy...)Thatiswhyourschoolstartedtheprogramofgarbageclassification.4．我們學校號召我們做有益于校園環(huán)境的事情，比如收集剩飯和循環(huán)使用紙張。(what引導的賓語從句)Ourschoolcallsonustodowhatarebeneficialtothecampusenvironment，suchascollectingleftoversandrecyclingpaper.5．我們相信正是通過利用可循環(huán)利用的垃圾，我們能夠節(jié)省資源，保護環(huán)境。(強調句型)Webelievethatitisbymakinguseofrecyclablegarbagethatwecansaveresourcesandprotecttheenvironment.請先從表格中選用本單元所學詞匯完成下列短文，然后核對答案并背誦該短文。(文中加波浪線的句子為本單元的語法項目：情態(tài)動詞和過去將來時)eq\x(judge，apologise，permit，spot，eventually，maintain，patience)Asamatteroffact，Iwasrunningafactoryproducingsortsofplasticproducts.Tobehonest，Iwasapersonfullof1.patienceandobligationandIcouldtreatmyclerksinapolitemanner.Iwouldn